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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ddss2004_d-283
id	ddss2004_d-283
authors	Van Bronswijk, J.E.M.H., L.G.H. Koren, and C.E.E. Pernot
year	2004
title	Adapting Epidemiological Methodologies to the Prediction of Health Effects of Built Environment Interventions
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Developments in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN 90-6814-155-4, p. 283-290
summary	The influence of built environments on vitality and productivity of users is paramount. Since the introduction of Industrial, Flexible and Demountable Building, domotics, smart buildings, in general: mass-produced, intelligent and learning built environments, tailored built environments are within reach. This has resulted in the need for methodologies to predict short-term and long-term health effects of different built-environment constellations. Epidemiology has developed and validated methods to assess changes in prevalence of inflictions and other unhealthy conditions, as well as the number of healthy and vital years in a life span. After analysing the relationships among building (services) parts and its combinations, health determinants (exposures) and health outcomes, we could adapt the healthy years assessment (DALY) to changes in construction (insulation, air tightness) and building services engineering (ventilation, heating) for dwellings under Dutch conditions. The most important conclusion is that natural ventilation, mechanical ventilation and balanced ventilation not only differ in their average health effect, but even more so in the size of the ranges of these effects. Other systems, such as heat pumps or photo voltaic cells are expensive but will become economically applicable when healthcare costs are taken into account. These outcomes gave valuable clues for product innovation and opened the possibility to model health in relation to built environments. The method could also be applied to quality classification systems for dwellings.
keywords	Health Prediction, Built Environment, Epidemiology, Modelling
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ddss2004_ra-85
id	ddss2004_ra-85
authors	Shen, Z.J. and M. Kawakami
year	2004
title	Visualization of Usable Building Space According to Planning Permission Ordinances for Public Participation in District Plan in Japan
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & DecisionSupport Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 85-98
summary	The district plan in Japan is designed and implemented through public participation, which is based on the zone restrictions of land use system. The usable space of a building can be generated according to the zone restrictions implemented in a district plan, which include the planning controls of high altitude, oblique line and so on. Residents can choose control items as their preference in order to control the urban physical environment of the district. In this paper, we discuss how to generate the virtual world according to the data set of GIS including planning control items and how it can work for net participation. In the future, we would like to conduct an Internet social experiment with the cooperation of a city government and residents in order to support the district plan in a local city.
keywords	WEBGIS, JAVA3d, Planning restrictions, Public participation
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	2004_586
id	2004_586
authors	Voigt, A., Martens, B. and Linzer, H.
year	2004
title	City Simulator - A Multi-dimensional VR-Simulation Environment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.586
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 586-592
summary	Whether in splendid rural isolation or in an urban area, settlement and building structures always are exposed to the public. Questions as to the future design of our vital space basically always concern the public and thus call for a great deal of discussion. Launching a well-balanced debate between all those involved in the planning and design process requires clear exemplification of urban-spatial visions by means of simulation. A simulation device - called “City Simulator” - suited to conveying the multitude of spatial relations within the urban configuration and for developing urban-spatial ideas would fulfil such expectations. The complexity of the information required in this context can be coped with effectively by means of computer-aided simulation techniques focusing on digital city models. Thus the implementation of a “City Simulator” may be regarded as a decisive tool for the purpose. As those involved in the process normally consider themselves absolute novices within the context of complex planning processes, the simulator will to some extent act as a “translation machine”. This paper is based on a project proposal which has been submitted by the authors aimed at the acquisition of a “City Simulator” at Vienna University of Technology in the near future.
keywords	3D City Models; Simulation; Virtual Reality; Visualization; Communication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	sigradi2006_e028c
id	sigradi2006_e028c
authors	Griffith, Kenfield; Sass, Larry and Michaud, Dennis
year	2006
title	A strategy for complex-curved building design:Design structure with Bi-lateral contouring as integrally connected ribs
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 465-469
summary	Shapes in designs created by architects such as Gehry Partners (Shelden, 2002), Foster and Partners, and Kohn Peterson and Fox rely on computational processes for rationalizing complex geometry for building construction. Rationalization is the reduction of a complete geometric shape into discrete components. Unfortunately, for many architects the rationalization is limited reducing solid models to surfaces or data on spread sheets for contractors to follow. Rationalized models produced by the firms listed above do not offer strategies for construction or digital fabrication. For the physical production of CAD description an alternative to the rationalized description is needed. This paper examines the coupling of digital rationalization and digital fabrication with physical mockups (Rich, 1989). Our aim is to explore complex relationships found in early and mid stage design phases when digital fabrication is used to produce design outcomes. Results of our investigation will aid architects and engineers in addressing the complications found in the translation of design models embedded with precision to constructible geometries. We present an algorithmically based approach to design rationalization that supports physical production as well as surface production of desktop models. Our approach is an alternative to conventional rapid prototyping that builds objects by assembly of laterally sliced contours from a solid model. We explored an improved product description for rapid manufacture as bilateral contouring for structure and panelling for strength (Kolarevic, 2003). Infrastructure typically found within aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries, bilateral contouring is an organized matrix of horizontal and vertical interlocking ribs evenly distributed along a surface. These structures are monocoque and semi-monocoque assemblies composed of structural ribs and skinning attached by rivets and adhesives. Alternative, bi-lateral contouring discussed is an interlocking matrix of plywood strips having integral joinery for assembly. Unlike traditional methods of building representations through malleable materials for creating tangible objects (Friedman, 2002), this approach constructs with the implication for building life-size solutions. Three algorithms are presented as examples of rationalized design production with physical results. The first algorithm [Figure 1] deconstructs an initial 2D curved form into ribbed slices to be assembled through integral connections constructed as part of the rib solution. The second algorithm [Figure 2] deconstructs curved forms of greater complexity. The algorithm walks along the surface extracting surface information along horizontal and vertical axes saving surface information resulting in a ribbed structure of slight double curvature. The final algorithm [Figure 3] is expressed as plug-in software for Rhino that deconstructs a design to components for assembly as rib structures. The plug-in also translates geometries to a flatten position for 2D fabrication. The software demonstrates the full scope of the research exploration. Studies published by Dodgson argued that innovation technology (IvT) (Dodgson, Gann, Salter, 2004) helped in solving projects like the Guggenheim in Bilbao, the leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, and the Millennium Bridge in London. Similarly, the method discussed in this paper will aid in solving physical production problems with complex building forms. References Bentley, P.J. (Ed.). Evolutionary Design by Computers. Morgan Kaufman Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, 1-73 Celani, G, (2004) “From simple to complex: using AutoCAD to build generative design systems” in: L. Caldas and J. Duarte (org.) Implementations issues in generative design systems. First Intl. Conference on Design Computing and Cognition, July 2004 Dodgson M, Gann D.M., Salter A, (2004), “Impact of Innovation Technology on Engineering Problem Solving: Lessons from High Profile Public Projects,” Industrial Dynamics, Innovation and Development, 2004 Dristas, (2004) “Design Operators.” Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2004 Friedman, M, (2002), Gehry Talks: Architecture + Practice, Universe Publishing, New York, NY, 2002 Kolarevic, B, (2003), Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London, UK, 2003 Opas J, Bochnick H, Tuomi J, (1994), “Manufacturability Analysis as a Part of CAD/CAM Integration”, Intelligent Systems in Design and Manufacturing, 261-292 Rudolph S, Alber R, (2002), “An Evolutionary Approach to the Inverse Problem in Rule-Based Design Representations”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 329-350 Rich M, (1989), Digital Mockup, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1989 Schön, D., The Reflective Practitioner: How Professional Think in Action. Basic Books. 1983 Shelden, D, (2003), “Digital Surface Representation and the Constructability of Gehry’s Architecture.” Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 2003 Smithers T, Conkie A, Doheny J, Logan B, Millington K, (1989), “Design as Intelligent Behaviour: An AI in Design Thesis Programme”, Artificial Intelligence in Design, 293-334 Smithers T, (2002), “Synthesis in Designing”, Artificial Intelligence in Design ’02, 3-24 Stiny, G, (1977), “Ice-ray: a note on the generation of Chinese lattice designs” Environmental and Planning B, volume 4, pp. 89-98
keywords	Digital fabrication; bilateral contouring; integral connection; complex-curve
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	acadia05_024
id	acadia05_024
authors	Mathew, Anijo
year	2005
title	Smart Homes for the Rural Population: New Challenges and Opportunities
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2005.024
source	Smart Architecture: Integration of Digital and Building Technologies [Proceedings of the 2005 Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture / ISBN 0-9772832-0-8] Savannah (Georgia) 13-16 October 2005, pp. 24-35
summary	“Smart” Homes (domestic environments in which we are surrounded by interconnected technologies that are more or less responsive to our presence and actions) seem increasingly plausible with the emergence of powerful mobile computing devices and real time context aware computing (Edwards and Grinter, 2001). Research at premier technology universities have given birth to home “labs” that experiment with sensors, cameras and monitors to study physical, behavioral and social consequences of such technologies on occupants of such homes. One of the most important problems that “smart” homes will eventually help to address is that of spiraling costs of healthcare. Using ubiquitous technologies to motivate healthy decisions can help prevent the onset of myriad medical problems (Intille, 2004). Moving the focus of attention from the health centers and hospitals to the working home through such technology interventions would eventually lead to decreased financial pressure on the traditional healthcare system. This paper examines the challenges and opportunities in the design of “smart” technologies for preventive healthcare in rural homes. It summarizes findings from current ethnographic and demographic studies; and examines other contemporary research in the field of ubiquitous computing and “smart” homes. With the help of these studies, the paper lists different technical, social and functional challenges that we as designers may have to consider before designing “smart” homes for rural populations.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ddss2004_ra-19
id	ddss2004_ra-19
authors	Akamine, A. and A. Nélson Rodrigues da Silva
year	2004
title	An Evaluation of Neural Spatial Interaction Models Based on a Practical Application
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 19-32
summary	One of the serious problems faced by the Brazilian municipalities is the scarcity of resources for building education infrastructure. This asks for an optimal allocation of the available resources that includes, among other things, a rational spatial arrangement of the supply points (i.e., schools) in order to increase the demand coverage (i.e., students). If it is possible to foresee the regions where the demand is going to be concentrated, it is then possible to plan the location of new facilities and to assess the impact on the future level of service of the entire system. Considering that one of the consequences of the location-allocation process is the distribution of trips from demand points to supply points throughout the city, therefore affecting the overall intraurban accessibility conditions to essential services such as education, there is a strong need of models that planners can rely on to predict the future trip distribution patterns. As a result, the objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) when applied to spatial interaction models, the so-called Neural Spatial Interaction Models. This was done in a practical context, in contrast to the more theoretical works commonly found in literature. The practical application showed that the neural spatial interaction model had different performances when compared to the traditional gravity models. In one case the neural models outperformed the gravity models, while on the other case it was just the opposite. The explanation for this may be in the data or in the ANN model formulation, as discussed in the conclusions.
keywords	Artificial Neural Networks, Spatial Interaction Models, Education Infrastructure
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ddss2004_ra-177
id	ddss2004_ra-177
authors	Ballas, D., R. Kingston, and J. Stillwell
year	2004
title	Using a Spatial Microsimulation Decision Support System for Policy Scenario Analysis
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 177-191
summary	This paper discusses the potential of a spatial microsimulation-based decision support system for policy analysis. The system can be used to describe current conditions and issues in neighbourhoods, predict future trends in the composition and health of neighbourhoods and conduct modelling and predictive analysis to measure the likely impact of policy interventions at the local level. A large dynamic spatial micro-simulation model is being constructed for the population of Leeds (approximately 715,000 individuals) based on spatial microsimulation techniques in conjunction with a range of data, including 2001 Census data for Output Areas and sample data from the British Household Panel Survey. The project has three main aims as follows: (i) to develop a static microsimulation model to describe current conditions in Leeds; (ii) to enable the performance of ‘What if?’ analysis on a range of policy scenarios; and (iii) to develop a dynamic microsimulation model to predict future conditions in Leeds under different policy scenarios. The paper reports progress in meeting the above aims and outlines the associated difficulties and data issues. One of the significant advantages of the spatial microsimulation approach adopted by this project is that it enables the user to query any combination of variables that is deemed desirable for policy analysis. The paper will illustrate the software tool being developed in the context of this project that is capable of carrying out queries of this type and of mapping their results. The decision support tool is being developed to support policy-makers concerned with urban regeneration and neighbourhood renewal.
keywords	Spatial Microsimulation, Spatial Decision Support Systems, Geotools
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ddss2004_ra-69
id	ddss2004_ra-69
authors	Barton, J., B. Parolin, and V. Weiley
year	2004
title	A Spatial Decision Support System for the Management of Public Housing
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 69-84
summary	This paper is reporting on a research project undertaken jointly between the University of New South Wales (UNSW) and the NSW Department of Housing (DoH) to develop a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) to assist planning, management and evaluation in areas of high public housing concentration. In the paper we will describe the development of the SDSS, the specific spatial problems challenging the DoH and the potential for the system to incorporate a range of social, financial and physical data, both internal and from other sources, for interaction and presentation in a three dimensional environment. The prototype SDSS attempts to address the specific challenges of providing better service for clients of the DoH. An information audit and survey has been conducted of the department’s resources and needs. Issues identified include the management of high-rise and superlot areas, crime mapping, community interactivity, internal and intergovernmental information sharing, interoperability and maintaining confidentiality and security of data. Interactive 3D visualisation of the model is facilitated by use of the 3map free geospace platform. Use of open source code and open standards such as X3D for 3D graphics interchange allow the project to explore advanced visualisation techniques while ensuring interoperability and data longevity.
keywords	Spatial Decision Support System, Public Housing, Community Renewal, Security, Open Source, Interoperability, Visualisation, 3D GIS, PPGIS, X3D
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	ddss2004_ra-247
id	ddss2004_ra-247
authors	Bi, G. and B. Medjdoub
year	2004
title	Hybrid Approach to Solve Space Planning Problems in Building Services
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 247-261
summary	In this paper an object-based CAD programming is used to take advantage of standardization to handle the schematic design, sizing, layout for services in a building ceiling void. From the specification of the building 3D model, our software proceeds through different steps; from the determination of the standard number and size of fan coils to the generation of 3D solutions. In order to deal with more complex geometry and larger problems, we have used a hybrid approach: Case Based Reasoning (CBR) within Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) approaches. In practice, engineers in building services use previous solutions and adapt them to new problems. CBR mirrors this practical approach and does help us to deal with increasingly complex geometry effectively, and meanwhile CSP has been used for layout adaptation. The results have shown that it is possible to define and implement standard solutions to produce designs comparable with current practice. The benchmarking exercise has underlined many advantages and made some suggestions for further development. This project is funded by The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) in UK.
keywords	Case-Based Reasoning, Constraint Satisfaction Problem, Ceiling Voids Layout, Complex Geometry, Large Problem
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	2004_601
id	2004_601
authors	Bourdakis, Vassilis
year	2004
title	Developing VR Tools for an Urban Planning Public Participation ICT Curriculum; The PICT Approach
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.601
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 601-607
summary	This paper is a work in progress report on the Planning Inclusion of Clients through e-Training (PICT) Leonardo funded project. The aim of the paper is to present the issues related to the development of appropriate Information Communication Technologies (ICT) material enabling Virtual Reality (VR) technologies in this particular context. The tools developed are organised in three distinct parts: the common core part, the public oriented and the planner oriented. The curriculum structure is analysed, the methods employed in developing the VR tools are presented and the initial experiments are discussed.
keywords	Public Participation, ICT Curriculum, Urban Planning, VR
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	eaea2003_25-ws-breen
id	eaea2003_25-ws-breen
authors	Breen, J.
year	2004
title	Towards a Virtual Design Media Museum. Identifying, Structuring and Presenting Design and (Re) Presentation Media Artifacts
source	Spatial Simulation and Evaluation - New Tools in Architectural and Urban Design [Proceedings of the 6th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 80-227-2088-7], pp. 122-132
summary	Designing is largely a process of (inter)active imaging. The evolvement of a design concept from preliminary design proposal towards spatial and material environment generally follows an uncertain path through uncharted landscape; a journey of exploration which requires both rational and creative consideration, frequently involving the interchange of information within a design team and collaboration with representatives from different contributing disciplines. Designs are conceived, worked out and specified step by step (roughly speaking from ‘rough to fine’) in iterative design ‘loops’. All the time the designer tries to determine which ‘course’ should be taken, by considering reference material, by reflecting on conceptions developed previously and by generating specific options aimed at furthering the ‘concretisation’ of the end product. In the course of such a trajectory, visual information is continually being developed, selected, tested, and subsequently either discarded or perfected. From early times architects have been considered not only as knowledgeable ‘experts’ in the field of building as a craft, but also as ‘creative directors’ of such development processes. The architect should be capable of not only conjuring up visions of the future spatial and material form of the building, but also of conveying these to the other ‘actors’ involved in the initiation and building process. Such ‘sharing’ of information is necessary in order to generate sufficient understanding, consensus, enthusiasm, as well as means. To become more than ‘figments of the imagination’, the designer’s ideas need to be ‘pinned down’ (even if they are not yet entirely finished) and communicated by using some form of reliable – and preferably readable – ‘language’ for design development and communication.
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	eaea2003_11-bremer-sander
id	eaea2003_11-bremer-sander
authors	Bremer, S. and Sander, H.
year	2004
title	View from the Road: Environmental Simulation for the Fractal City of Rhine Ruhr
source	Spatial Simulation and Evaluation - New Tools in Architectural and Urban Design [Proceedings of the 6th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 80-227-2088-7], pp. 43-47
summary	Highway seems to be more an issue of traffic planning than of urban design. But the highway can be a very important factor for the modern city pattern. Highways shape the spatial form of the fractal city. The modern highway can define new cores outside and “interior edges” within the city. Seen as a planning tool, highways are the great neglected opportunity in city and regional design. The 1st Architecture Biennial, 1ab, taking place from May 2003 to July 2003 in Rotterdam, explores the creative potentials of modern highways worldwide. An international research team discovered the spatial functions of highways in modern agglomerations. This lecture will give an overview of the results of the worldwide analyses and the design projects that had been undertaken. Both authors are members of the German research team. The German team examined the A 42 running through the Ruhrgebiet, a former coal and steal area in western Germany. The Ruhr Area is converting from an industrially orientated region to an agglomeration of high technology and science. But the regional image remains the same due to the fact that the changes cannot be seen, neither physically, nor from the road. Here, the highway could be used as a catalyst supporting and structuring the spatial changes to make them more legible for the people of Rhine-Ruhr. The nature becomes the most important tool of highway design. Landscape forms a linkage between the different cities of the region. Together with the A 40 and other local highways the region becomes the most important (and largest) public space of the new Rhine-Ruhr. The highway seen as a work of urban art can be designed only from the perspective of the driving car.
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

_id	ddss2008-33
id	ddss2008-33
authors	Charlton, James A.; Bob Giddings and Margaret Horne
year	2008
title	A survey of computer software for the urban designprocess
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	Urban design is concerned with the shape, the surface and the physical arrangement of all kinds of urban elements, the basic components that make up the built environment, at the level of buildings, spaces and human activities. It is also concerned with the non-visual aspects of the environment, such as noise, wind and temperature and humidity. The city square is a particular urban element which can take many forms and its geometrical relationships such as maximum dimensions, ratio of width to length and building height to length have been analysed for centuries (Alberti 1475), (Vitruvius 1550), (Sitte 1889), (Corbett 2004). Within the current urban design process there are increasing examples of three dimensional computer representations which allow the user to experience a visual sense of the geometry of city squares in an urban landscape. Computer-aided design and Virtual Reality technologies have recently contributed to this visual assessment, but there have been limited attempts at 3D computer representations which allow the user to experience a greater sense of the urban space. This paper will describe a survey of computer tools which could support a more holistic approach to urban design and which could be used to simulate a number of urban texture and urban quality aspects. It will provide a systematic overview of currently available software that could support the simulation of building density, height, colour and style as well as conditions relating to noise, shading, heat, natural and artificial light. It will describe a methodology for the selection and filtering of appropriate computer applications and offer an initial evaluation of these tools for the analysis and representation of the three-dimensional geometry, urban texture and urban quality of city centre spaces. The paper is structured to include an introduction to the design criteria relating to city centre spaces which underpins this research. Next the systematic review of computer software will be described, and selected tools will undergo initial evaluation. Finally conclusions will be drawn and areas for future research identified.
keywords	Urban design, Software identification, 3D modelling, Pedestrian modelling, Wind modelling, Noise mapping, Thermal comfort, VR Engine
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	ascaad2004_paper16
id	ascaad2004_paper16
authors	Hassan, R.; K. Jorgensen
year	2004
title	Computer Visualizations in Planning
source	eDesign in Architecture: ASCAAD's First International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design, 7-9 December 2004, KFUPM, Saudi Arabia
summary	A wide range of visualizations have been developed and implemented as tools for urban simulations and visual impact assessment. These include: plans, diagrams, elevations, perspective sketches, renderings, modified photographs (photo renderings and photomontages), slide projections, scale models, movies, videotapes and computer graphics. In the last decade, graphical computer applications have proven to be an increasingly supportive tool in visualization and manipulation of graphical material. This study presents the state of the art of computer visualization in planning. More specifically, the use of web-based computerized visualizations for landscape visual simulation, with the aim to develop a system of visualization techniques as an aid to communicating planning and design scenarios for historically important landscapes and urban places, with particular attention to the city of Nablus in Palestine. This has led to the evaluation of possibilities and potentials of computer use in this field, and to the definition of the visual problems and challenges of the city of Nablus. This study will argue what extra one can draw from computerized visualizations, what is likely to be its impact on future planning and design research, and what this visualization experience really means for historical important locations as in Nablus. The study demonstrates that computerized visualizations can be a powerful tool in representing a cityscape in three-dimensions from different angels. Visualizations will allow better understanding of the components of the city, its landscapes, city features and the process of change. In this way it may provide new and better platforms for public participation in planning.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	2004_024
id	2004_024
authors	Holmgren, S., Rüdiger, B., Storgaard, K. and Tournay, B.
year	2004
title	The Electronic Neighbourhood - A New Urban Space
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.024
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 24-34
summary	During the event Cultural Market Days on 23 and 24 August 2003 at Noerrebro Park in Copenhagen, visitors could also enter the marketplace from their home via the Internet, as a digital 3D model had been constructed that showed the marketplace with all its information booths and activities. This virtual marketplace functioned as an extension of the urban space, allowing you to take part in the flow of information, activities and experiences that were offered in the marketplace. And this just by a click on the Internet address: http://www.e-kvarter.dk. Furthermore at certain times of the day you could chat with people from some of the many working groups of the urban regeneration project in Noerrebro. The digital 3D model is similar to the marketplace, but it creates its own universe in the green surroundings of Noerrebro Park. And now, when the Cultural Market Days are finished and the booths and people have gone, the Electronic Marketplace still remains on the Internet, with a potential for developing a new public space for information, dialogue and cooperation between the actors of the urban regeneration project. This paper presents the results of a 3-year research project, The Electronic Neighbourhood (2000-2004). Researchers have developed and tested a digital model of the urban area and other digital tools for supporting the dialogue and cooperation between professionals and citizens in an urban regeneration project in Copenhagen. The Danish Agency for Enterprise and Housing, the Ministry for Refugees, Immigration and Integration and Copenhagen Municipality have financed the research, which is planned to be published 2004. The results can also be followed on the Internet www.e-kvarter.dk.
keywords	3D Modelling; Virtual Environments; Design Process; Human-Computer Interaction; Collaborative Design; Urban Planning
series	eCAADe
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	da71
id	da71
authors	Horne, Margaret
year	2004
title	Visualisation of Martyr’s Square, Beirut
source	CONVR2005 5th Conference of Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, ADETTI/ISCTE, Durham, UK, 12-13 September 2005
summary	Solidere, a Lebanese joint-stock company, was created by government decree in 1994 to reconstruct Beirut city-centre. The company, a form of public-private partnership, has a majority share holding of former owners and tenants of city-centre property. Several projects are underway, including the redevelopment of Place des Martyrs, once the bustling heart of Beirut but badly damaged during the war. Urban planners in Beirut have recently developed a 3D computer model to visually describe the spatial characteristics of Martyr’s Square and its context, prior to inviting design proposals for an international competition. This paper describes issues pertaining to the development of the model to meet the needs of urban designers and town planners. It also considers potential future uses of the simulation, outlining areas for further research and development.
keywords	Beirut, 3D Modelling, Visual Simulation, Town Planning
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2006/06/08 22:10

_id	sigradi2004_298
id	sigradi2004_298
authors	Jane J. Espina B.
year	2004
title	Lo intangible y real del espacio urbano plaza baralt [Intangible and Real Aspects of the Urban Space "Plaza Baralt"]
source	SIGraDi 2004 - [Proceedings of the 8th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Porte Alegre - Brasil 10-12 november 2004
summary	This work shows the use of digital technologies in the morphological, spatial and functional understanding of the Baralt Square, through the partial reconstruction of this urban space with three-dimensional models, from its creation to present times, to generate its past and current scenarios, its economic, social and urban life, inhabitants and lifestyle. The purpose of this research is to find the formalization levels for the Baralt Square space, its variations and .intangible urban. identity, derived from the various uses given to it as well as from the development of activities it has undergone, which have generated a collective and dynamic space, rather than from the result of planning. To achieve this, a work methodology will be applied to obtain answers regarding the creation of this public space, through virtual urbanism. The use of digital technologies in the historical, architectonic and urban reconstruction of the square will allow for finding its origins, the collective memory and the intangible.
keywords	Baralt Square, urban space, three-dimension, real, intangible
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

_id	ddss2004_ra-263
id	ddss2004_ra-263
authors	Lindekens, J.
year	2004
title	REDUCTION MECHANISMS EXPLORED IN ARCHITECTURAL RE-DESIGN
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 1-4020-2408-8, p. 263-278
summary	Observation of the design process of an architect shows that, while building up an argumentation for taking a design decision, different mechanisms of data transformation are used. The paper argues that this transformation is a key element in understanding architectural design processes. A theoretical description of these mechanisms forms the framework to discus a sequence of design decisions derived from a real-world design situation. After outlining how this can be implemented in a case-based design supporting tool, the paper concludes with a discussion of advantages and downsides the use of the tool might entail.
keywords	Architectural Re-Design, Design Process, Case-Based Design, Reduction Mechanisms
series	DDSS
type	normal paper
last changed	2004/07/03 23:20

_id	2004_480
id	2004_480
authors	Mark, Earl
year	2004
title	Inter-related Scaled Models of the Built and Natural Environment: Merging CAD with Satellite Image Viewing
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2004.480
source	Architecture in the Network Society [22nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-2-4] Copenhagen (Denmark) 15-18 September 2004, pp. 480-488
summary	By inter-relating CAD and satellite image earth-viewing tools at building specific, city-wide and larger global scales, a wider framework of observation yields insight into the connectedness between built environments and tracking influences between them. The technologies for visualization and analysis at distinct scales are moving towards greater integration. This project demonstrates integration through three case studies, each at a different scale of application, and considers performance issues and implications for more general use. More specifically, CAD, GIS and now Satellite Image Based Earth Viewing systems all have found separate application within Architecture, Urban Planning and Strategic Regional Analysis This paper reports on an effort to test the tighter coupling of these systems on three projects, each at a different scale: (1) urban and regional scale, (2) continental scale, and (3) hemispheric analysis scale.
keywords	CAD, Earth Viewer, Digital Terrain Model, Comprehensive Plan, Architectural Review Board, Computer Animation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	eaea2003_12-matalasov
id	eaea2003_12-matalasov
authors	Matalasov, M. and Matalasov, E.
year	2004
title	Our Views on Actual Researches of 3D-modelling in Architecture
source	Spatial Simulation and Evaluation - New Tools in Architectural and Urban Design [Proceedings of the 6th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 80-227-2088-7], pp. 48-58
summary	This contribution is devoted to the brief description of the basic directions and tendencies of researches of the laboratory of video systems MARCHI. In connection with development of hardware-software computer means and their practically absolute, not alternative application in the practice of architectural designing, nowadays (not always is proved) the sphere of application of the former traditional methods of physical modeling and their connection to the endoscopic methods has been narrowed. We consider some new probable directions of development of scientific and educational work within the framework of activity of our laboratory, allowing a more balanced approach to these problems. As we have discussed, our theoretical researches and practical works must reassume an existing non-standard and controversial situation in Russia, such as established substantial intellectual potentials in scientific- and methodological researches within study processes. In addition to that, what we can use are affordable and limited physical and financial recourses and capability for technical development of works for modeling perception in designing architectural and town planning space. These initiated searches in the field of non-standard thinking, derive from our contacts with EAEA colleagues. Below we will try briefly to explain our basic principles of work development. (To be clear, some time we dismiss references and notes into exact reports from our conferences supposing that interested colleagues may get further and detailed information from already published past events).
series	EAEA
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2005/09/09 10:43

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