Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	sigradi2005_219
id	sigradi2005_219
authors	Carmena, Sonia; Diana Rodríguez Barros, Alfredo Stipech, Martin Groisman
year	2005
title	4D /5D space: construction processes
source	SIGraDi 2005 - [Proceedings of the 9th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Lima - Peru 21-24 november 2005, vol. 1, pp. 219-224
summary	It is presented a development of an exploratory experience about a hyper medial 4D and 5D space design workshop. The concept of 4D /5D space refers to a new representation order of the digital media that inserts space-time variables, where the subject’s action articulates the space. Directed by a group of professors, it was focused from different disciplines, and destined to a heterogeneous group of students. The work methodology recognizes and links the cyberspace, heterogenesis and morphogenesis concepts. As implications, it is observed the mutation of digital image-form creation, production, storage, interchange, interaction and social use, next to languages hybridation and representation systems. As conclusions, it is considered that the digital image-form is a random event, a result of an interrupted but not closed process where the creation vectors, procedures, direction variables and the subject prefiguration are the outstanding characteristics. [Full paper in Spanish]
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	acadia07_158
id	acadia07_158
authors	Oatman, Devin; Senagala, Mahesh
year	2007
title	Am I? Architecture of Ambient Intelligence
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.158
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 158-163
summary	In its purest state, Ambient Intelligence is smart computing whose presence is not apparent to the human senses except in response and actions. The original intentions and origins of Ambient Intelligence began with the need for more efficient and unobtrusive management of our everyday activities. Synonymous with ubiquitous computing, Ambient Intelligence, or AmI, consists of: UbiComp: the integration of microchips and computers into everyday objects; UbiComm: the ability of these objects to communicate with each other and the user; and Intelligent User Interface which allows inhabitants of the environment to interact with the system with human gestures (Riva 2005). Put together, these components are basically personifi ed computers. The key factor in Ambient Intelligent communities is that the microscopic computers are aware of their surroundings and their purpose just as human beings are. With the ability to self-program and react to new software, they eliminate the need for humans to program them, decreasing maintenance and programming time. These concepts and technologies raise important questions. What happens when the system disappears? Are we ready as a society to see a certain degree of power taken away from us by anticipatory computers? This short paper will provide an overview of AmI and why it is important for architects to embrace, explore, and engage this emerging technology.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	2006_168
id	2006_168
authors	Papalexopoulos, Dimitris
year	2006
title	Digital Territories and the Design Construction Continuum
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.168
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 168-174
summary	The purpose of the paper is to bring together the two newly elaborated concepts of Digital Territories (DT) and Design Construction Continuum (DCC) in order to approach the design of evolving – intelligent environments.Digital Territories is a concept elaborated 2005 by a Core Expert Group, conceived as an ephemeral Ambient Intelligence (AmI) space. DTs formed through the interconnection of physical objects embedding digital technologies, postulate the integration of the physical and the digital world, searching for operative definitions of new evolving in time functionalities. In DT’s, bridges between the physical and the digital are discrete elements disposing of certain autonomy in their conception and internal structure. Bridges have to be designed and located. The DCC proposes to relate design, fabrication and construction through information networks (it is in fact a DT). Through the DCC approach, design information is becoming construction information and industrial fabrication information. The DCC has to integrate interaction design and respond to questions posed by DTs design. DTs are integrated to DCC by constituting an intermediate level between building programming and design. Intelligent Building Components, that is AmI components operating as bridges between the physical and the digital in Digital Territories formations, cooperating to develop swarm intelligence applications to architectural space, are elements managed by the DCC. DT’s are about spaces communicating and the DCC is about communicating (design) space.
keywords	Digital Territories; Design Construction Continuum; Interaction Design; Evolving Environments; Intelligent Environments; Location Diagrams; Building Programming
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	5b89
id	5b89
authors	Sevaldson, Birger
year	2005
title	Developing Digital Design Techniques Investigations on Creative Design Computing
source	Oslo School of Architecture and Design, PHD-Thesis
summary	1.1. The themes in this theses 16 1.1.1. Mind the mind gap 16 1.1.2. Prologue: The World Center for Human Concerns 17 1.1.3. Creative computer use 26 1.1.4. Design strategies and techniques 31 1.2. Overview 33 1.2.1. Main issues 34 1.2.2. The material 36 1.2.3. The framework of this thesis 37 2. CURRENT STATE AND BACKGROUND 39 2.1. New tools, old thoughts. 39 2.1.1. A misuse strategy 44 2.1.2. Emergence in design 47 2.1.3. Programming and design 50 2.1.4. Artificial intelligence 53 2.1.5. Human intelligence and artificial representations 53 2.2. Electronic dreams 54 2.2.1. The dream of intuitive software 55 2.2.2. The dream of the designing machine 60 2.2.3. The dream of self-emerging architecture; genetic algorithms in design 61 2.2.4. A cultural lag 62 2.3. Ideas and ideology 64 2.3.1. A personal perspective on the theories of the 1990s 65 2.3.2. "The suffering of diagrams" 68 2.3.3. Architectural theory and design methodology 69 2.4. Ideas on creativity 72 2.4.1. What is creativity? 73 2.4.2. Creativity, a cultural phenomenon. 75 2.4.3. Creativity in the information age 79 2.4.4. Creativity-enhancing techniques 81 2.4.5. Crucial fiicro-cultures 82 2.4.6. A proposal for a practitioner approach to creativity 83 2.5. Summary and conclusion of part 2 84 3. NEW DESIGN TECHNIQUES 86 3.1. Introduction 86 3.2. New technology - new strategy 87 3.3. Thinking through design practice: the inspirational playful design approach 88 3.4. A Corner stone: emergence 89 3.4.1. The source material 94 3.5. Recoding, translation and interpretation 95 A case: Tidsrom 97 3.6. Reconfiguring schemata 109 3.7. Rules and games 113 3.8. Virtuality and virtual models 118 3.8.1. What is "The Virtual"? 118 3.8.2. Virtual reality 119 Investigating "the virtual" 120 3.8.3. Analysing the virtual 126 3.9. Visual thinking (diagrams and visual thinking) 130 3.9.1. Visual Thinking and Abstraction. 130 3.9.2. A heuristic process 132 3.9.3. Visual thinking, skills and tacit knowledge 132 3.9.4. Media for visual thinking 133 3.10. Diagrammatic thinking 138 3.10.1. Descriptive diagrams 142 3.10.2. Generative diagrams 144 3.10.3. Versioning 149 3.10.4. Finding 153 3.10.5. Translation and interpretation 158 3.10.6. From generative diagram to program 168 3.10.7. Dynamic generative diagrams 171 3.11. The question of selection 175 3.12. Summary and conclusion of part 3 178 4. WAYS OF WORKING: FROM DESIGN PRACTICE TOWARDS THEORY AND DIGITAL DESIGN METHODS 179 4.1. Introduction 179 4.1.1. Practice-based research 180 4.1.2. Visual material is central. 180 4.1.3. Two investigation paths 180 4.1.4. Achievements 180 4.2. Methods 181 4.2.1. Explorative and generative research 182 4.2.2. A first-person approach 183 4.2.3. Analysis 184 4.2.4. The Material 185 4.3. Systematising creative computer use. Ways of working; techniques in creative computer use. 186 4.3.1. Categorization 186 4.3.2. Mapping the field of design computing. 187 4.3.3. Generic techniques 190 4.3.4. Specific techniques 192 4.3.5. Table of techniques 193 4.3.6. Examples of techniques 200 4.3.7. Traces of technology. 213 4.4. The further use of the generated material 219 4.4.1. Realisation strategies 221 4.4.2. Templates and scaffolds 223 4.5. Summary of Part 4 240 PART 5. WAYS OF THINKING: INTENTIONS IN CREATIVE COMPUTER USE. 241 5.1. Intentions 241 5.1.1. Categorising intentions 242 5.2. Intention themes 243 5.2.1. Cases and samples from Group one: Formal, phenomenal, spatial and geometrical themes 244 5.2.2. Intentions of response to the complexity of urban systems 297 5.3. The Hybrid Process 317 5.3.1. Hybridization strategies 319 5.3.2. The hybrid process and its elements. 328 6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 344 6.1. Principles, concepts and methods for creative design computing 344 6.2. A new type of creativity? 348 6.3. A practice as the field for an investigation 349 6.4. Suggestions for further studies 349
series	thesis:PhD
type	normal paper
last changed	2007/04/08 16:11

_id	sigradi2005_483
id	sigradi2005_483
authors	Abdelhameed, Wael
year	2005
title	Digital-Media Impact on the Representation Capability of Architects
source	SIGraDi 2005 - [Proceedings of the 9th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Lima - Peru 21-24 november 2005, vol. 1, pp. 483-489
summary	Architects draw to define design problems, to construct concepts, or to explore ideas. Representation not only connects various design activities and tasks, but also is utilized inside all these activities and tasks. Within the context of this research, the Design Capabilities of architects are defined as the skills used during the design process, including Conceptualization, Representation, Form Giving, Knowledge Building and Retrieving, and Decision-Making. Using representational techniques introduced by digital media during design development has altered what we can represent, perceive, and therefore conceive and imagine. Depending on primary data (a global questionnaire) and secondary data (synthesis of previous researches), the results of this investigation have substantiated that there has been a positive impact of digital media settings on the output of Representation capability of architects. The analysis reveals some detailed findings, which provide a better understanding of the subject matter.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	2005_083
id	2005_083
authors	Agostinho, Francisco Santos
year	2005
title	Architecture as Drawing, Perception and Cognition
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2005.083
source	Digital Design: The Quest for New Paradigms [23nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-3-2] Lisbon (Portugal) 21-24 September 2005, pp. 83-90
summary	This work is about realizing that human perception is inherent to architecture. It is an asset and a trait subject to training and development in an empirical way, involving physical and manual action. It cannot be taught literally through convention and logic reasoning. It is a human achievement of great significance built on intellectual and scientific knowledge. It is something, being physical and empirical, that is supported on instrumental procedure. The computer, as a machine and an instrument, does not shorten the empirical experience of manipulation; on the contrary, it enhances J.J. Gibson’s findings about the perception of space in relation to eye and body movement. Being a cybernetic machine the computer may, and shall, evolve, and become perceptive. In order for that to happen, it is important to keep in mind the mechanism of human perception. Through producing a computerized model of a major architectural work, we develop natural knowledge about its physical features and the thought that lies underneath. To be able to use the computer as an instrument provides a user with explicit knowledge about its ways and mechanism that has to be made available. It involves training, which is to a great extent self-explanatory, and also explicit knowledge about the conventions that are being used, such as programming, reasoning and trigonometry.
keywords	Visualization; Environmental Simulation; Knowledge Modelling (KM); 3D Modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	2005_010
id	2005_010
authors	Aish, Robert
year	2005
title	From Intuition to Precision
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2005.010
source	Digital Design: The Quest for New Paradigms [23nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-3-2] Lisbon (Portugal) 21-24 September 2005, pp. 10-14
summary	Design has been described as making inspire decisions with incomplete information. True, we may use prior knowledge, we may even think we understand the causalites involved, but what really matters is exploration: of new forms, of new materials, and speculation about the response to the resulting effects. Essentially, this exploration has its own dynamics, involving intuition and spontaneity, and without which there is no design. But of course we all know that this is not the whole story. Design is different to 'craft'; to directly 'making' or 'doing'. It necessarily has to be predictive in order to anticipate what the consequence of the 'making' or 'doing' will be. Therefore we inevitably have to counter balance our intuition with a well developed sense of premeditation. We have to be able to reason about future events, about the consequence of something that has not yet being made. There is always going to be an advantage if this reasoning can be achieved with a degree of precision. So how can we progress from intuition to precision? What abstractions can we use to represent, externalize and test the concepts involved? How can we augment the cognitive processes? How can we record the progression of ideas? And, how do we know when we have arrived? Design has a symbiotic relationship with geometry. There are many design issues that are independent of any specific configurations. We might call these “pre-geometric” issues. And having arrived at a particular configuration, there may be many material interpretations of the same geometry. We might call these “post-geometric” issues. But geometry is central to design, and without appropriate geometric understanding, the resulting design will be limited. Geometry has two distinct components, one is a formal descriptive system and the other is a process of subjective evaluation.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2005_731
id	sigradi2005_731
authors	Albornoz Delgado, Humberto Ángel; Laura Talía Escalante Rodríguez, Leticia Gallegos Cazares
year	2005
title	Didactic Design: light and optics for preschool level
source	SIGraDi 2005 - [Proceedings of the 9th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Lima - Peru 21-24 november 2005, vol. 2, pp. 731-737
summary	Since 2003, we have been developing a pedagogic proposal and didactic material for teaching Light and Optics to kindergarden children that enhances the construction of the first scientific thinking schemes. The design (industrial and graphic) applied to this project has generated an educational product composed of 44 objects. These materials allow teaching concepts such as: combination of colors, light indispensable to see, formation of shadows and images are not objects. These have been developed as inciters of curiosity, capable to awake the innate restlessness of children, achieving to stimulate their creativity. The purpose is to explore knowledge and construct their own ideas; enrich their experiences and inquire a reality that was drawn grey and tedious, generating a process of manipulation-action and then representation-conceptualization. This product has been successfully used as a pilot test in a kindergarden, reflecting significant gains in students’ science learning. [Full paper in Spanish]
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ijac20053303
id	ijac20053303
authors	Alvarado, Rodrigo Garcia; Castillo, Gino Alvarez; Marquez, Juan Carlos Parra; Mayorga, Sergio Navarro
year	2005
title	Filmic Development of Architectural Animations
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 3 - no. 3, 299-316
summary	This paper proposes a general method to make animated presentations of architectural designs, based on cinematographic techniques. Particularly, it reviews theoretical documenttion about filmmaking as well as several productions that exhibit remarkable locations. The proposed method first comprises of a planning stage, with the narrative and graphic formulation of the presentation. Next is an elaboration or adjustment stage for the digital modelling of the design, and finally, there is an animation production and editing stage. Likewise, the research sets up a computer implementation of some activities and characteristics, and experiments in the programming of camera movements for architectural animations. In general, this work suggests focusing on the communication of the qualitative features of the design, instead of the elaboration of the digital model, and on emphasizing the visual diversity, graphic style and narrative construction of the presentation.
series	journal
more	http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search/expand?pub=infobike://mscp/ijac/2005/00000003/00000003/art00004
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	ascaad2006_paper25
id	ascaad2006_paper25
authors	Artopoulos, Giorgos; Stanislav Roudavski and Francois Penz
year	2006
title	Adaptive Generative Patterns: design and construction of Prague Biennale pavilion
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	This paper describes an experimental practice-based research project that considered design process, implementation and construction of a pavilion built to be part of the Performative Space section of the International Biennale of Contemporary Art, Prague 2005. The project was conceptualized as a time-bound performative situation with a parasite-like relationship to its host environment. Its design has emerged through an innovative iterative process that utilized digital simulative and procedural techniques and was formed in response to place-specific behavioral challenges. This paper presents the project as an in-depth case-study of digital methods in design, mass customization and unified methods of production. In particular, it considers the use of Voronoi patterns for production of structural elements providing detail on programming and construction techniques in relationship to design aspirations and practical constraints.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	2005_557
id	2005_557
authors	Barelkowski, Robert
year	2005
title	Web-based Social Participation in the Process of Town Planning
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2005.557
source	Digital Design: The Quest for New Paradigms [23nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-3-2] Lisbon (Portugal) 21-24 September 2005, pp. 557-564
summary	The paper discusses the principles of using internet nested “Citizen” system that composes the platform to exchange information between different participants of planning procedure. As a part of P.R.S. method instrumentation, “Citizen” allows multidirectional interaction of planners, authorities and users of space. The paper shows various aspects of system structure, pointing out the most significant application abilities, the role different contents of the system play and services they provide to participants. The article summarizes the results of application, discusses the impact, web-based social participation has on efficiency of planning procedure, elimination of conflicts and understanding of planning problematics.
keywords	Web-Based Planning Support, Programming Implementations for TownPlanning, User Participation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	2005_829
id	2005_829
authors	Boeykens, Stefan and Neuckermans, Herman
year	2005
title	Scale Level and Design Phase Transitions in a Digital Building Model
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2005.829
source	Digital Design: The Quest for New Paradigms [23nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-3-2] Lisbon (Portugal) 21-24 September 2005, pp. 829-836
summary	Research and development on Computer Aided Architectural Design often focuses on simulating a building as a digital model. Our research on the early design stages explores concepts we feel are lacking in current design tools and research projects. Building models are usually static models, serving as a snapshot of the design. We aim to support design phase and scale level transitions, to better support the workflow of the designer. This paper formulates our approach at supporting transitions in an integrated design environment for architecture.
keywords	CAAD, Architectural Modeling, Design Process
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	2005_665
id	2005_665
authors	Brito, Tiago, Fonseca, Manuel J. and Jorge, Joaquim A.
year	2005
title	DecoSketch – Towards Calligraphic Approaches to Interior Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2005.665
source	Digital Design: The Quest for New Paradigms [23nd eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-3-2] Lisbon (Portugal) 21-24 September 2005, pp. 665-670
summary	Computer-Aided Design tools have long played an important role in architecture design. However, we need to go beyond direct manipulation to devise new tools that will expedite the interior design and decoration. Indeed, conventional CAD systems, while providing ever increasing functionality, do not provide equal support to the drafting and drawing tasks. This makes even the simplest drawings a complicated endeavor. Draftspeople struggle with different concepts that those learnt from their earlier days in school and have to think long and hard to translate familiar sequences of operations to commands which require navigating a dense jungle of menus. The term calligraphic interfaces was coined by us to designate a large family of applications organized around the drawing paradigm, using a digital stylus and a tablet-and-screen combination as seen most recently in Tablet PCs®. Using these, users can enter drawings in a natural manner, largely evocative of drafting techniques that were perfected for pencil-and-paper media. This paper presents a simple calligraphic interface to explore interior design literally from the ground up. The Decosketch application is a modeling and visualization tool structured around 2 _D architectural plants. Its purpose is to help architects or customers easily creating and navigating through house designs starting from the floorplan and moving to their three-dimensional representation. Moreover, both 2D and 3D representations can be independently edited, providing a natural interface that tries to adhere to well-known representations and idioms used by architects when drafting using pencil and paper.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cf2005_1_34_180
id	cf2005_1_34_180
authors	CALDERON Carlos, WORLEY Nicholas and NYMAN Karl
year	2005
title	Architectural Cinematographer: An Initial Approach to Experiential Design in Virtual Worlds
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2005 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 1-4020-3460-1] Vienna (Austria) 20–22 June 2005, pp. 135-144
summary	This paper presents a paradigm for the generation of camera placements for architectural virtual environments as a method of enhancing the user's experience and as a way of facilitating the understanding of architectural designs. This paper reports on an initial prototype of a real-time cinematic control camera engine which enables the creation of architectural walkthroughs with a narrative structure. Currently, there is neither software nor a structured approach which facilitates this in architectural visualisations. The paper discusses the potential of our approach; analyses the technical and application domain challenges; examines its current limitations using well known architectural design concepts such as rhythm.
keywords	virtual environments, navigation, camera engine, cinematography, experiential design
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2006/11/07 07:27

_id	ad19
id	ad19
authors	Calderon, C., and Noble, R
year	2005
title	BEYOND MODELLING: AVANT-GARDE COMPUTER TECHNIQUES IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS.
source	I Jornadas de Investigacion en Construccion, Madrid, 2-4 June, 2005.
summary	If the result of computer innovations can be interpreted as an emerging “difference” in the quality of constructed space, then in order to truly understand what future applications may be regarding architecture at present, we should look at what advanced functions are available in the process of designing forms and space (DeLuca and Nardini, 2002). Recently the so called parametric approach, a technique for describing a large class of designs with a small description in programming code, has become a focus of attention in architectural computing. In this paper, we reflect on the current use of parametric tools using real case studies as well as our own proof of concept parametric programmes and report on how the avant-garde computer techniques may help to increase the quality of residential building.
keywords	Building Quality, Parametric Design
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2005/12/02 11:42

_id	sigradi2005_558
id	sigradi2005_558
authors	Carlos, Juliano; Cecílio Batista Oliveira
year	2005
title	Dismissible packings of this atomic and electronic age
source	SIGraDi 2005 - [Proceedings of the 9th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Lima - Peru 21-24 november 2005, vol. 2, pp. 558-563
summary	Discuss concepts of urban nomadic and the revision of the contemporary habitation, from the reading of recent architectural proposals. It presents alterations of the international architecture after years 60, as the introduction of new medias in the domestic space and the life in society – the television, the radio, the communications for satellite and the computer – and boom technological with the production of new materials for the civil construction – the mega-structures in steel, new types of plastic, etc… - and the consequent unfoldings in the contemporary architecture. Analyze two works of the English group Archigram, (middle of 60), relating them with the production of three European offices in activity today. It concludes pointing future trends in the conception and production of the habitation, as the real necessity of its plastic, programmatical and technician-constructive rediscussion, searching to take care of the real necessities of its user, through special flexibility and plurifuntionality, beyond the incorporation of new technologies. [Full paper in Portuguese]
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	cf2005_2_32_203
id	cf2005_2_32_203
authors	CHASE Scott and AHMAD Sumbul
year	2005
title	Grammar Transformations: Using Composite Grammars to Understand Hybridity in Design
source	Learning from the Past a Foundation for the Future [Special publication of papers presented at the CAAD futures 2005 conference held at the Vienna University of Technology / ISBN 3-85437-276-0], Vienna (Austria) 20-22 June 2005, pp. 89-98
summary	Hybrid designs are those that develop from multiple sources. This paper presents the methodology of composite grammars, developed by merging multiple grammars, for the analysis of hybrid designs. The methodology is discussed with an example from Islamic architecture, which is known to have developed by borrowing from various sources. The methodology is seen to be useful for the analysis of the evolution of historic architecture, as well as for the development of new languages of designs.
keywords	shape grammars, generative design, historical analysis, Islamic architecture, hybridity
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2005/05/05 07:06

_id	cf2011_p135
id	cf2011_p135
authors	Chen Rui, Irene; Schnabel Marc Aurel
year	2011
title	Multi-touch - the future of design interaction
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 557-572.
summary	The next major revolution for design is to bring the natural user interaction into design activities. Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) brought a new approach that was more effective compared to their conventional predecessors. In recent years, Natural User Interfaces (NUI) have advanced user experiences and multi-touch and gesture technologies provide new opportunities for a variety of potential uses in design. Much attention has been paid to leverage in the design of interactive interfaces. The mouse input and desktop screen metaphors limit the information sharing for multiple users and also delayed the direct interaction for communication between each other. This paper proposes the innovative method by integrating game engine ‘Unity3D’ with multi-touch tangible interfaces. Unity3D provides a game development tool as part of its application package that has been designed to let users to focus on creating new games. However, it does not limit the usage of area to design additional game scenarios since the benefits of Unity3D is allowing users to build 3D environments with its customizable and easy to use editor, graphical pipelines to openGL (http://unity3d.com/, 2010 ). It creates Virtual Reality (VR) environments which can simulates places in the real world, as well as the virtual environments helping architects and designers to vividly represent their design concepts through 3D visualizations, and interactive media installations in a detailed multi-sensory experience. Stereoscopic displays advanced their spatial ability while solving issues to design e.g. urban spaces. The paper presents how a multi-touch tabletop can be used for these design collaboration and communication tasks. By using natural gestures, designers can now communicate and share their ideas by manipulating the same reference simultaneously using their own input simultaneously. Further studies showed that 3Dl forms are perceived and understood more readily through haptic and proprioceptive perception of tangible representations than through visual representation alone (Gillet et al, 2005). Based on the authors’ framework presented at the last CAADFutures, the benefits of integrating 3D visualization and tactile sensory can be illustrated in this platform (Chen and Wang, 2009), For instance, more than one designer can manipulate the 3D geometry objects on tabletop directly and can communicate successfully their ideas freely without having to waiting for the next person response. It made the work more effective which increases the overall efficiency. Designers can also collect the real-time data by any change they make instantly. The possibilities of Uniy3D make designing very flexible and fun, it is deeply engaging and expressive. Furthermore, the unity3D is revolutionizing the game development industry, its breakthrough development platform for creating highly interactive 3D content on the web (http://unity3d.com/ , 2010) or similar to the interface of modern multimedia devices such as the iPhone, therefore it allows the designers to work remotely in a collaborative way to integrate the design process by using the individual mobile devices while interacting design in a common platform. In design activities, people create an external representation of a domain, often of their own ideas and understanding. This platform helps learners to make their ideas concrete and explicit, and once externalized, subsequently they reflect upon their work how well it sits the real situation. The paper demonstrates how this tabletop innovatively replaces the typical desktop metaphor. In summary, the paper addresses two major issues through samples of collaborative design: firstly presenting aspects of learners’ interactions with physical objects, whereby tangible interfaces enables them constructing expressive representations passively (Marshall, 2007), while focussing on other tasks; and secondly showing how this novel design tool allows designers to actively create constructions that might not be possible with conventional media.
keywords	Multi-touch tabletop, Tangible User Interface
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	sigradi2005_778
id	sigradi2005_778
authors	Chiarella, Mauro
year	2005
title	DATABASE 3D. Of the new form to the data processing
source	SIGraDi 2005 - [Proceedings of the 9th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Lima - Peru 21-24 november 2005, vol. 2, pp. 778-782
summary	The search by new architectural forms with digital media loses interest when its results become foreseeable and repetitive in the growth of the large cities. At present, the interest is greater by the processing and manipulation of digital databases as alternatives of the architectural project. The resultant architectures possess forms that contrast less but with greater diversity in their spatial relations. DATABASE 3D is presented like a formal proposal risked of investigation. The experiences of project explore the concepts of Collective Autor, digital database and Hipertexto. It accepts the construction of a diverse and complex reality conformed by fragmentary spatial systems from the adoption of the mosaic, collage, remix and the digital sampling. [Full paper in Spanish]
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	cf2011_p051
id	cf2011_p051
authors	Cote, Pierre; Mohamed-Ahmed Ashraf, Tremblay Sebastien
year	2011
title	A Quantitative Method to Compare the Impact of Design Mediums on the Architectural Ideation Process.
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 539-556.
summary	If we compare the architectural design process to a black box system, we can assume that we now know quite well both inputs and outputs of the system. Indeed, everything about the early project either feasibility studies, programming, context integration, site analysis (urban, rural or natural), as well as the integration of participants in a collaborative process can all be considered to initiate and sustain the architectural design and ideation process. Similarly, outputs from that process are also, and to some extent, well known and identifiable. We are referring here, among others, to the project representations or even to the concrete building construction and its post-evaluation. But what about the black box itself that produces the ideation. This is the question that attempts to answer the research. Currently, very few research works linger to identify how the human brain accomplishes those tasks; how to identify the cognitive functions that are playing this role; to what extent they operate and complement each other, and among other things, whether there possibly a chain of causality between these functions. Therefore, this study proposes to define a model that reflects the activity of the black box based on the cognitive activity of the human brain. From an extensive literature review, two cognitive functions have been identified and are investigated to account for some of the complex cognitive activity that occurs during a design process, namely the mental workload and mental imagery. These two variables are measured quantitatively in the context of real design task. Essentially, the mental load is measured using a Bakan's test and the mental imagery with eyes tracking. The statistical software G-Power was used to identify the necessary subject number to obtain for significant variance and correlation result analysis. Thus, in the context of an exploratory research, to ensure effective sample of 0.25 and a statistical power of 0.80, 32 participants are needed. All these participants are students from 3rd, 4th or 5th grade in architecture. They are also very familiar with the architectural design process and the design mediums used, i.e., analog model, freehand drawing and CAD software, SketchUp. In three experimental sessions, participants were asked to design three different projects, namely, a bus shelter, a recycling station and a public toilet. These projects were selected and defined for their complexity similarity, taking into account the available time of 22 minutes, using all three mediums of design, and this in a randomly manner to avoid the order effect. To analyze the two cognitive functions (mental load and mental imagery), two instruments are used. Mental imagery is measured using eye movement tracking with monitoring and quantitative analysis of scan paths and the resulting number and duration of participant eye fixations (Johansson et al, 2005). The mental workload is measured using the performance of a modality hearing secondary task inspired by Bakan'sworks (Bakan et al.; 1963). Each of these three experimental sessions, lasting 90 minutes, was composed of two phases: 1. After calibrating the glasses for eye movement, the subject had to exercise freely for 3 minutes while wearing the glasses and headphones (Bakan task) to get use to the wearing hardware. Then, after reading the guidelines and criteria for the design project (¬± 5 minutes), he had 22 minutes to execute the design task on a drawing table allowing an upright posture. Once the task is completed, the subject had to take the NASA TLX Test, on the assessment of mental load (¬± 5 minutes) and a written post-experimental questionnaire on his impressions of the experiment (¬± 10 minutes). 2. After a break of 5-10 minutes, the participant answered a psychometric test, which is different for each session. These tests (¬± 20 minutes) are administered in the same order to each participant. Thus, in the first experimental session, the subject had to take the psychometric test from Ekstrom et al. (1978), on spatial performance (Factor-Referenced Cognitive Tests Kit). During the second session, the cognitive style is evaluated using Oltman's test (1971). Finally, in the third and final session, participant creativity is evaluated using Delis-Kaplan test (D-KEFS), Delis et al. (2001). Thus, this study will present the first results of quantitative measures to establish and validate the proposed model. Furthermore, the paper will also discuss the relevance of the proposed approach, considering that currently teaching of ideation in ours schools of architecture in North America is essentially done in a holistic manner through the architectural project.
keywords	design, ideation process, mental workload, mental imagery, quantitative mesure
series	CAAD Futures
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last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

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