Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	2006_128
id	2006_128
authors	Kouzeleas, Stelios Th. and Kimon D. Papadimitriou
year	2006
title	Real-time remote 3D digitizing and modelling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.128
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 128-131
summary	This paper describes a procedure that feeds remotely a modelling system with geographical coordinates and the relative measurements taken in place in order to model dynamically new entities in real-time. The operation of this system is based on methodologies that are commonly used in telegeoprocessing – telegeomonitoring systems and its purpose is to simulate in real-time an existing environment using the captured measurements. The direct input of geographic data to the proposed system, which is adapted to a modelling environment (CAD or GIS), triggers the creation of new 3D entities in real-time (points, linear or area features), as it could be done with a traditional tablet digitizer. Simultaneously, the proposed system represents thematically the properties of the modelling entities (according to the measured values) over a 3D mesh. The aim of the suggested system is the remote registration of additional spatial information, their adequate treatment and adjustment via special developed interfaces, including their representation via developed software which is applied in the AutoCAD environment because of its programming development support and its use by a variety of engineers.
keywords	Real-time modelling; Digitizing; Cartographic simulation; GIS
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	sigradi2006_e034d
id	sigradi2006_e034d
authors	Ryan, Rachel and Donn, Michael
year	2006
title	A 3D, interactive, multilayered, web-enabled model as a tool for multiple sets of end user groups: A case study and end user analysis
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 392-396
summary	This research undertakes a case study involving focus groups of potential end users, to identify how a successful digital tool could be created using new and emerging technologies, to accommodate the multiple needs of these end users. 2005 saw the completion of a research paper, which proposed that a single, 3 dimensional digital model of a city forming a core for many different information systems, is a better approach to the needs of the city than many individual models optimised for each information system. The case for the single 3D model was evaluated through the research, development, delivery and analysis of a prototype 3 Dimensional model of Wellington City, New Zealand, presenting different ‘views’ of information in Wellington: a rendered visualisation in an animated “walkthrough”; the impact of planning constraints on daylight; interactive “plots” of property values. The development and delivery of the prototype model was analysed in regards to how complex, costly and time consuming it may be to exploit one base model for several purposes; and also therefore how beneficial, affordable and potentially successful a single model may be. The prototype model was created to test the idea, and therefore provided conclusions based on a limited feasibility analysis - with four potential information layers modelled and two potential delivery methods tested. The prototype model and user analysis results were presented in a research report that suggested further research and development of a single model could be very beneficial: Positive feedback from potential end users and data providers, and examples of potential data mining opportunities forming the basis of the need for continued research. 2006 sees the research continue as an 18 month research project in conjunction with an industry partner, Terralink International, (http://www.terralink.co.nz/). Terralink International Limited provides GIS and mapping solutions which according to their web site: “enable better business management.” The company maintains a national resource of “imagery, cartography, and spatial databases” and provides consultancy services linking these to company databases through GIS systems. The research investigates the potential for 3 dimensional, interactive, multilayered models to enhance delivery of information to multiple end user groups. The research method uses functional prototypes in end-user focus group workshops. These workshops, consisting of a combination of presentations, hands on interactive examples, group discussions, and individual feedback surveys, aim to establish how a tool might best be developed to communicate to a wide range of end users. The means of delivery whether a stand alone tool or web-based is a key element of the user group workshop assessment process. Note: The submission of the prototype tool (via video or interactive media) would greatly increase the effectiveness of the research presentation. Ability to include such media would be greatly appreciated.
keywords	multilayered; 3D; end users; interactive; web-enabled
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:59

_id	ddss2006-hb-221
id	DDSS2006-HB-221
authors	Selma Celikyay
year	2006
title	Research on New Residential Areas Using GIS - A case study
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 221-233
summary	Planning is a decision-making process which is about 'the future'. In each scale of planning process, spatial rules of the social life are formed. In this process, firstly series of spatial analyses should be practised. Throughout the world, spatial planning strategies which focus on the sustainable development adapt an ecological approach and both the regional and urban planning processes are based upon ecological bases. Under the guidance of this notion, also in Turkey, spatial planning strategies should be urgently reviewed and any level of planning process should be directed to ecological bases. Furthermore, in all these steps, natural resources and ecological characteristics should be taken into consideration. In the city of Bartin, where Bartin River flows through, a case study has been carried out regarding the above mentioned planning strategies. The case study has three stages. These stages also frame the data, analysis and evaluation stages. In the case study, a combination of McHarg's ecological evaluation method and Kiemstedt's usage value analysis in planning has been employed. With the help of ecological analyses, in the rural areas that have not been settled yet, the potential of the natural resources has been examined for the new residential areas. As a result, in the city of Bartin, the potential residential areas have been defined on the unsettled regions. What is more, concerning the subject, a map has been formed on the scale of 1/25 000. As a result of the case study, it has been concluded that in Bartin city because of the physical planning which ignores the potential of the natural resources, some of the existing residential areas have been chosen improperly.
keywords	Decision support systems, Ecological analysis, Geographical information systems, Residential areas, Spatial analysis
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	ddss2006-hb-467
id	DDSS2006-HB-467
authors	A. Fatah gen. Schieck, A. Penn, V. Kostakos, E. O'Neill, T. Kindberg, D. Stanton Fraser, and T. Jones
year	2006
title	Design Tools for Pervasive Computing in Urban Environments
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 467-486
summary	In this paper we report on ongoing research in which the implications of urban scale pervasive computing (always and everywhere present) are investigated for urban life and urban design in the heritage environment of the city of Bath. We explore a theoretical framework for understanding and designing pervasive systems as an integral part of the urban landscape. We develop a framework based on Hillier's Space Syntax theories and Kostakos' PSP framework which encompasses the analysis of space and spatial patterns, alongside the consideration of personal, social and public interaction spaces to capture the complex relationship between pervasive systems, urban space in general and the impact of the deployment of pervasive systems on people's relationships to heritage and to each other. We describe these methodological issues in detail before giving examples from early studies of the types of result we are beginning to find.
keywords	Urban space, Pervasive systems, Urban computing, Space Syntax, Interaction space
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	acadia06_230
id	acadia06_230
authors	Anzalone, Phillip
year	2006
title	Synthetic Research
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2006.230
source	Synthetic Landscapes [Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture] pp. 230-231
summary	Synthetic Research insinuates a relationship of a meticulous process of discovering truth contradicted against a fabricated, as in concocted, reality. It is important to recognize the logical aspect of synthetic when examining what synthetic research can provide for architectural discourse. Synthesis contrasts with analysis in that it’s primary methods involve recourse to experience; it is experience that is at the heart of synthetic research. The synthesis of theory, architectural constructions, technological artifacts and computational techniques requires experiencing the results of experimentation. Synthetic digital architecture necessitates a discovery process incorporating creation that allows for experience, be it virtual reality, full-scale prototyping or spatial creations; provided experience is a truthful one, and not disingenuous and thereby slipping into the alternate definition of synthetic.Research’s experimental arm, as opposed to the analytic, relies on tinkering - implying the unfinished, the incomplete, the prototype. Examples of this are everywhere. Computer screenshots are a strikingly literal example of synthetic research when used as a means of experiencing a process. Performance mock-ups of building assemblies are a method of synthetic research in that one experiences a set of defined performances in order to discover and redefine the project. The watchmaker craft is an exercise in research/experimentation where material properties are inherent in function and aesthetics; consider how the components interact with the environment - motion, gravity, space-time, temperature. Efficiency at this point is predominantly structural and physical. Decorative or aesthetic elements are applied or integrated in later iterations along with optimization of performance, marketing and costs.What is a architectural research? How can research synthesize the wide range of possibilities for the trajectory of architecture when engaged in digital and computational techniques? The goals, techniques, documentation and other methods of research production have a place in architecture that must be explored, particularly as it related to computation. As in other fields, we must build a legitimate body of research whereby others can use and expand upon, such that digital architectures evolve in innovative as well as prosperous paths.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2023_428
id	sigradi2023_428
authors	Armagno, Ángel
year	2023
title	The spatial discourse of Power Architectures in Kurt Wimmer's film "Equilibrium".
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 1421–1432
summary	This article explores the correlation between the language of cinema and the architectural spatial discourse of power depicted in the film Equilibrium (Wimmer, 2002). This connection is examined through a discursive approach to communication studies. To analyze a specific sequence from the chosen film, a two-stage multimodal analysis was conducted. Initially, the visual analysis method proposed by Kress and Van Leeuwen (2006) designed for the representation of social actors, was employed. Subsequently, in the second stage, sociological and conceptual associations were drawn from the diverse semiotic resources identified in the first phase. The analyzed case revealed several intertextual relationships, among them; Hitler's figure recontextualized as an exemplifying archetype; the panopticon concept representing the spatial power dynamics; the presence of the German zeppelin symbolizing dominance and spreading propaganda through loudspeakers; the religious iconographic influence, its forms and symbols, contributing to a cultural identity inseparable from the history of the Western world.
keywords	Cinema, Power Architectures, Critical discourse analysis, Multimodality, Intertextuality
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:08

_id	sigradi2006_e082d
id	sigradi2006_e082d
authors	Beros Contreras, Christian
year	2006
title	Space, Events and Urban Performance
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 333-336
summary	This report investigates different kinds of Urban Performance in Thames Path, South Bank of Thames River. Urban Performance is defined here as the expression or manifestation of different social groups in the city space regarding the appropriation of a specific place for its spatial practices. The Urban Performances are intrinsic to the cultural expression of the city and revealed through the spatial experience of both performer and spectator. The aim of this paper is to shed light on different kind of urban performances and how are they linked to spatial and syntactic properties of space. This topic is intrinsic in the space syntax theory due its fundamental relation between spatiality and human activity. The research method used were, direct observations by static snapshots and traces (related with human movement) and a survey of potential attractors, active facades and path widths. The results were overlaid with spatial analysis in terms of performers isovists and syntactic analysis through visibility graph. The findings show a strong relation between performers’ use of space and visibility in the urban area, and a high influence of the cultural attractions and public services that works as movement attractors. The discussion is developed through the research findings and theories of spatial experience putting forward varied interpretations related with the research topic and the selected site. The report concludes that the urban performances in Thames path is determined by the human co presence in the space, due to this strategic points chosen along the path by the performers are strongly related with the visual connections in the system. Furthermore, the attractors play an important role shaping the spatial experience and urban character of the studied area.
keywords	Urban Performance; Space Syntax; Isovists
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ascaad2006_paper6
id	ascaad2006_paper6
authors	Biloria, Nimish; Kas Oosterhus, and Cas Aalbers
year	2006
title	Design Informatics: a case based investigation into parametric design scripting and CNC based manufacturing techniques
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	The research paper exemplifies a novel information integrated design technique developed at ONL (Oosterhuis and Lenard), Netherlands, specifically appropriated for manifesting complex geometric forms. The ‘informed design technique’, apart from being highly instrumental in conceptualizing and generating the geometric component constituting architectural form in a parametric manner, is also efficiently utilized for precise computer aided manufacturing and construction of the speculated form. Geometric complexities inherent in contemporary architectural constructs and the time spent in appropriation of such topologies, fueled the ‘informed design’ approach, which caters to issues of timely construction, precision oriented design and production (visual and material) and parametric modeling attuned to budgetary fluctuations. This designresearch approach has been tested and deployed by ONL, for conceiving ‘the Acoustic Barrier’ project, Utrecht Leidsche Rijn in the Netherlands and is treated as a generic case for exemplifying the ‘informed design’ technique in this research paper. The design methodology encourages visualizing architectural substantiations from a systems perspective and envisages upon a rule based adaptive systems approach involving extrapolation of contextual dynamics/ground data in terms of logical ‘rules’. These rules/conditionalities form the basis for spawning parametric logistics to be mapped upon geometric counterparts exemplifying the conception. The simulated parametric relations bind dimensional aspects (length, width, height etc.) of the geometric construct in a relational manner, eventually culminating in a 3D spatial envelope. This evolved envelope is subsequently intersected with a ‘parametric spatio-constructive grid’, creating specific intersecting points between the two. A pattern of points attained from this intersection: ‘the point cloud’ serves as a generic information field concerning highly specific coordinates, parameters and values for each individual point/constructive node it embodies. The relations between these points are directly linked with precise displacements of structural profiles and related scaling factors of cladding materials. Parallel to this object oriented modeling approach, a detailed database (soft/information component) is also maintained to administer the relations between the obtained points. To be able to derive constructible structural and cladding components from the point cloud configuration customized Scripts (combination of Lisp and Max scripts) process the point cloud database. The programmed scriptroutines, iteratively run calculations to generate steel-wire frames, steel lattice-structure and cladding panels along with their dimensions and execution drawing data. Optimization-routines are also programmed to make rectifications and small adjustments in the calculated data. This precise information is further communicated with CNC milling machines to manifest complex sectional profiles formulating the construct thus enabling timely and effective construction of the conceptualized form.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	acadia19_278
id	acadia19_278
authors	Ca?izares, Galo
year	2019
title	Digital Suprematism
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.278
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 278-287
summary	It is widely held that sometime around 2006, the World Wide Web as we knew it mutated into Web 2.0. This colloquial label signaled a shift from an Internet designed for us to an Internet designed by us. Nowhere was this more explicitly stated than in Time Magazine’s 2006 Person of the Year selection: You. More than a decade later, Internet browsers have evolved into ubiquitous interfaces accessible from mobile devices, tablet computers, public kiosks, workstations, laptops, etc. It would, therefore, not be an overstatement to say that the browser is the most widespread content canvas in the world. Designers frequently use web browsers for their ability to exhibit and organize content. They are the sites for portfolios, announcements, magazines, and at times, discussions. But despite its flexibility and rich infrastructure, rarely is the browser used to generate design elements. Thanks to advanced web development languages like JavaScript and open-source code libraries, such as p5.JS, Matter.JS, and Three.JS, browsers now support interactive and spatial content. Typically, these tools are used to generate gimmicks or visual effects, such as the parallax illusion or the infinite scroll. But if we perceive the browser as a timebased picture plane, we can immediately recognize its architectonic potential. This paper puts forth a method for engaging the creative potential of web-based media and Internet browsers. Through example projects, I argue that the Internet browser is a highly complex spatial plane that warrants more architectural analysis and experimentation.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2006_e033b
id	sigradi2006_e033b
authors	Castillo, Tim
year	2006
title	Hybrid[s] : new pedagogical applications for designing our evolving spatial environment
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 131-136
summary	The continual emergence of new informational and technological systems has impacted our cultural landscape. As society continues to evolve, we are becoming more connected to virtual systems that impact our spatial environment. The awareness and understanding of these invisible forces requires new curricular pedagogies in architectural education. This paper will document an ongoing course that was developed to research new methodologies for working with haptic environments and informational systems. Utilizing a high performance-computing center, students in the class are developing new adaptive intelligent spatial systems that engage a multiplicity of scales. They researched environments for PDA’s (Personal Data Assistance), I-Pods, cellular phones, GPS (Guidance Positioning Systems) and a new immersive virtual dome environment. The goal of the class was to reevaluate how architectural practice in the future will encompass a more holistic approach to both physical and virtual spatial development.
keywords	Design tools and methods
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	acadia06_232
id	acadia06_232
authors	Chaisuparasmikul, Pongsak
year	2006
title	Bidirectional Interoperability Between CAD and Energy Performance Simulation Through Virtual Model System Framework
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2006.232
source	Synthetic Landscapes [Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture] pp. 232-250
summary	The paper describes a novel approach involving interoperability, data modeling technology, and application of the building information model (BIM) focused on sustainable architecture. They share relationships and multiple experiences that have existed for years but have never have been proven. This interoperability of building performance simulation maps building information and parametric models with energy simulation models, establishing a seamless link between Computer Aided Design (CAD) and energy performance simulation software. During the last four decades, building designers have utilized information and communication technologies to create environmental representations to communicate spatial concepts or designs and to enhance spaces. Most architectural firms still rely on hand labor, drafted drawings, construction documents, specifications, schedules and work plans in traditional means. 3D modeling has been used primarily as a rendering tool, not as the actual representation of the project.With this innovative digitally exchange technology, architects and building designers can visually analyze dynamic building energy performance in response to changes of climate and building parameters. This software interoperability provides full data exchange bidirectional capabilities, which significantly reduces time and effort in energy simulation and data regeneration. Data mapping and exchange are key requirements for building more powerful energy simulations. An effective data model is the bidirectional nucleus of a well-designed relational database, critical in making good choices in selecting design parameters and in gaining and expanding a comprehensive understanding of existing data flows throughout the simulation process, making data systems for simulation more powerful, which has never been done before. Despite the variety of energy simulation applications in the lifecycle of building design and construction projects, there is a need for a system of data integration to allow seamless sharing and bidirectional reuse of data.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	2006_684
id	2006_684
authors	De Bodt, Kathleen
year	2006
title	SoundScapes & Architectural Spaces - Spatial sound research in digital architectural design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.684
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 684-689
summary	The paper presents ongoing research focusing on the development of digital tools and methodologies for spatial design based on non-Euclidean geometries. It addresses the way sound can be used both conceptually and acoustically in the early stages of the design process, examining digital architectural design and modeling based on three-dimensional sound visualization and the acoustical analysis and evaluation of complex curved surface geometry. The paper describes SoundMatrix, the first part of a digital design tool created by using Max/Msp/Jitter, to assist in the preliminary design of building façades in small-scale urban environments, specifically studying the possibilities of curvature to decrease sound reflection between opposing street façades. Examples from a workshop with the SoundMatrix application illustrate the real-time 3D authoring and sound spatialisation processing currently implemented in the tool.
keywords	graphical programming; performance-based design; generative design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	2006_302
id	2006_302
authors	Dounas, Theodoros and Anastasios M. Kotsiopoulos
year	2006
title	Generation of alternative designs in architectural problems using Shape Grammars defined with animation tools - A computer implementation of shape grammars using modelling and animation software
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.302
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 302-307
summary	We present a model of generation of alternative designs to selected architectural and spatial configurations of small complexity. Specifically we present a production pipeline of architectural / spatial configurations using the context of animation and time based design tools. Our model consists of time and space design constraints of boundaries / objects affecting a given architectural design, thus producing an alternative solution for every timeframe of the animation cycle. The alternative designs vary from the original according to their temporal and/or spatial distance from the original object on the animation time-line. The constraints placed upon the objects , used as actuators of Shape Grammars, are defined informally by the user/designer while their influence can vary according to time, speed, location, configuration of the object and/or the constraint itself. However the constraints further function as formal rules for the Shape Grammar creation so that our model tries to predict ahead of time the emergence of alternate designs. The employ of animation tools [shape driven curves, speed and time-line functions,parent child relationships] in the shape generation of our model empowers the user/designer to configure whole sets of shapes and designs interactively and without the need to define every solution independently. Simultaneously, a different, time-focused view of our model describes its use on designs that develop different configurations over time. Thus a duality of our model is established: either the animated schema may be a sum or family of various designs or the animated time-line represents a single design which changes over time. Finally the possibility of an automated analysis of every design is discussed, using Space Syntax diagrams so the designer can quickly evaluate the various spatial configurations produced by a single original.
keywords	shape computation; shape grammar computer implementation; alternative designs; animation software techniques
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2006_e090b
id	sigradi2006_e090b
authors	Hanna, Sean and Turner, Alasdair
year	2006
title	Teaching parametric design in code and construction
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 158-161
summary	Automated manufacturing processes with the ability to translate digital models into physical form promise both an increase in the complexity of what can be built, and through rapid prototyping, a possibility to experiment easily with tangible examples of the evolving design. The increasing literacy of designers in computer languages, on the other hand, offers a new range of techniques through which the models themselves might be generated. This paper reviews the results of an integrated parametric modelling and digital manufacturing workshop combining participants with a background in computer programming with those with a background in fabrication. Its aim was both to encourage collaboration in a domain that overlaps both backgrounds, as well as to explore the ways in which the two working methods naturally extend the boundaries of traditional parametric design. The types of projects chosen by the students, the working methods adopted and progress made will be discussed in light of future educational possibilities, and of the future direction of parametric tools themselves. Where standard CAD constructs isolated geometric primitives, parametric models allow the user to set up a hierarchy of relationships, deferring such details as specific dimension and sometimes quantity to a later point. Usually these are captured by a geometric schema. Many such relationships in real design however, can not be defined in terms of geometry alone. Logical operations, environmental effects such as lighting and air flow, the behaviour of people and the dynamic behaviour of materials are all essential design parameters that require other methods of definition, including the algorithm. It has been our position that the skills of the programmer are necessary in the future of design. Bentley’s Generative Components software was used as the primary vehicle for the workshop design projects. Built within the familiar Microstation framework, it enables the construction of a parametric model at a range of different interfaces, from purely graphic through to entirely code based, thus allowing the manipulation of such non-geometric, algorithmic relationships as described above. Two-dimensional laser cutting was the primary fabrication method, allowing for rapid manufacturing, and in some cases iterative physical testing. The two technologies have led in the workshop to working methods that extend the geometric schema: the first, by forcing an explicit understanding of design as procedural, and the second by encouraging physical experimentation and optimisation. The resulting projects have tended to focus on responsiveness to conditions either coded or incorporated into experimental loop. Examples will be discussed. While programming languages and geometry are universal in intent, their constraints on the design process were still notable. The default data structures of computer languages (in particular the rectangular array) replace one schema limitation with another. The indexing of data in this way is conceptually hard-wired into much of our thinking both in CAD and in code. Thankfully this can be overcome with a bit of programming, but the number of projects which have required this suggests that more intuitive, or spatial methods of data access might be developed in the future.
keywords	generative design; parametric model; teaching
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

_id	ddss2006-hb-409
id	DDSS2006-HB-409
authors	Jean-Paul Wetzel, Salim Belblidia, and Jean-Claude Bignon
year	2006
title	A Proposal for Morphological Operators to Assist Architectural Design
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 409-418
summary	In this paper, we make the assumption that a shape modelling process can rely on the application of a set of morphological operators to initial shapes. We refer to several researches which have attempted to identify such operators. We also attempt to validate this design approach through the analysis of some buildings. A design system based on the combination of these operators could enable the designer to quickly explore a great number of spatial solutions.
keywords	Morphological operators, Modifiers, Modelling.
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	ddss2006-pb-343
id	DDSS2006-PB-343
authors	Jumphon Lertlakkhanakul, Sangrae Do, and Jinwon Choi
year	2006
title	Developing a Spatial Context-Aware Building Model and System to Construct a Virtual Place
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Progress in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN-10: 90-386-1756-9, ISBN-13: 978-90-386-1756-5, p. 343-358
summary	The current notion of space seems to be inappropriate to deal with contemporary and future CAAD applications because it lacks of user and social values. Instead of using a general term called 'space', our approach is to consider the common unit in architectural design process as a place composed of space, user and activity information. Our research focuses on developing a novel intelligent building data model carrying the essence of place. Through our research, the needs of using virtual architectural models among various architectural applications are investigated at first step. Second, key characteristics of spatial information are summarized and systematically classified. The third step is to construct a semantically-rich building data model based on structured floor plan and the semantic location modeling. Then intermediate functions are created providing an interface between the model and future applications. Finally, a prototype system, PlaceMaker, is developed to demonstrate how to apply our building data model to construct virtual architectural models embodying the essences of place.
keywords	Spatial context-aware building model, Spatial reasoning, Virtual place, Location modeling, Design constraint
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	2006_066
id	2006_066
authors	Kalisperis, Loukas N.; Katsuhiko Muramoto; Bimal Balakrishnan; Dragana Nikolic and Nevena Zikic
year	2006
title	Evaluating Relative Impact of Virtual Reality System Variables on Architectural Design Comprehension and Presence - A variable-centered approach using fractional factorial experiment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.066
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 66-73
summary	The relative contributions of five variables (Stereoscopy, screen size, field of view, level of realism and level of detail) of virtual reality systems on spatial comprehension and presence are evaluated here. Using a variable-centered approach instead of an object-centric view as its theoretical basis, the contributions of these five variables and their two-way interactions are estimated through a 25-1 fractional factorial experiment (screening design) of resolution V with 84 subjects. The experiment design, procedure, measures used, creation of scales and indices, results of statistical analysis, their meaning and agenda for future research are elaborated.
keywords	Virtual reality system variables - stereoscopy; screen size; field of view; level of realism; level of detail; spatial comprehension; presence; variable-centered approach; fractional factorial experiment design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ascaad2006_paper12
id	ascaad2006_paper12
authors	Katodrytis, George
year	2006
title	The Autopoiesis and Mimesis of Architecture
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	The use of digital technology in architecture has proven to be more assertive than originally thought: it has reconditioned the nature of the design process, and established new practices and techniques of fabrication. The 21st century began with the technology of art. There is a new responsiveness to the reading and understanding of digital space, which is characterized by complexity and the uncanny. Recent applications in digital technology show inquisitiveness in the contentious subject Genetic Algorithms. This new architectural process is characterized by two main shifts: from poiesis (or poetry) to autopoiesis, and from authenticity to mimesis. Since evolutionary simulations give rise to new forms rather than design them, architects should now be artists and operators of both Inventive and Systematic design. Inventive design: The digital media should bring about poiesis (poetry). Digital spaces reveal and visualize the unconscious desires of urban spaces and bring forth new dreamscapes, mysterious and surreal. This implies a Freudian spatial unconscious, which can be subjected to analysis and interpretation. “Space may be the projection or the extension of the physical apparatus”, Freud noted1. Space is never universal, but subjective. A space would be a result of introjection or projection – which is to say, a product of the thinking and sensing subject as opposed to the universal and stable entity envisaged since the Enlighten. There is a spatial unconscious, susceptible to analysis and interpretation. Systematic Design: Digital media should bring about an autopoiesis. This approach calls into question traditional methods of architectural design – which replace the hierarchical processes of production known as “cause and effect” - and proposes a design process where the architect becomes a constructor of formal systems. Will the evolutionary simulation replace design? Is metric space dead? Is it replaced by the new definition of space, that of topology? The new algorithmic evolutionary conditions give architecture an autopoiesis, similar to biological dynamics. The use of algorithms in design and fabrication has shifted the role of the architect from design to programming. Parametric design has introduced another dimension: that of variation and topological evolution, breaking the authentic into the reused. Architecture now is about topology than typology, variation than authenticity, it is mimetic than original, uncanny and subconscious than merely generic. In a parallel universe, which is both algorithmic and metaphysical, the modeling machine creates a new abstraction, the morphogenesis of the “new hybrid condition”. The emphasis of the exploration is on morphological complexity. Architecture may become – paradoxically - rigorous yet more uncanny and introverted.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	caadria2006_119
id	caadria2006_119
authors	MARY LOU MAHER , MIJEONG KIM
year	2006
title	THE EFFECTS OF TANGIBLE USER INTERFACES ON DESIGNERS’ COGNITIVE ACTIONS
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.g8i
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 119-124
summary	This paper presents a study of the comparison of tangible user interfaces and graphical user interfaces on designers’ cognitive actions. We conducted individual design experiments using the protocol analysis method. The results reveal that designers using the tabletop system with 3D blocks reasoned more about spatial relationships among 3D objects, while the designers using the keyboard and mouse reasoned more about individual 3D objects.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2006_237
id	caadria2006_237
authors	N.BILORIA, K.OOSTERHUIS, C. AALBERS
year	2006
title	DESIGN INFORMATICS: (A case based investigation into parametric design, scripting and CNC based manufacturing techniques)
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.q9e
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 237-244
summary	The research paper exemplifies a novel information integrated design technique developed at ONL (Oosterhuis and Lenard), Netherlands, specifically appropriated for envisaging complex geometric forms. The ‘informed design technique’, apart from being highly instrumental in conceptualizing and generating the geometric component constituting architectural form in a parametric manner, is also efficiently utilized for precise computer aided manufacturing and construction of the speculated form. Geometric complexities inherent in contemporary architectural constructs and the time spent in appropriation of such topologies, fueled the ‘informed design’ approach, which caters to issues of timely construction, precision oriented design and production (visual and material) and parametric modeling attuned to budgetary fluctuations. This design-research approach has been tested and deployed by ONL, for conceiving ‘the Acoustic Barrier’ project, Utrecht Leidsche Rijn in the Netherlands and is treated as a generic case for exemplifying the ‘informed design’ technique in this research paper. The design methodology encourages visualizing architectural substantiations from a systems perspective and envisages upon a rule based adaptive systems approach involving extrapolation of contextual dynamics/ground data in terms of logical ‘rules’. These rules/conditionalities form the basis for spawning parametric logistics to be mapped upon geometric counterparts exemplifying the conception. The simulated parametric relations bind dimensional aspects (length, width, height etc.) of the geometric construct in a relational manner, eventually culminating in a 3D spatial envelope. This evolved envelope is subsequently intersected with a ‘parametric spatio-constructive grid’, creating specific intersecting points between the two. The hence extorted ‘point cloud’ configuration serves as a generic information field concerning highly specific coordinates, parameters and values for each individual point/constructive node it embodies. The relations between these points are directly linked with precise displacements of structural profiles and related scaling factors of cladding materials. Parallel to this object oriented modeling approach, a detailed database (soft/information component) is also maintained to administer the relations between the obtained points. To be able to derive constructible structural and cladding components from the point cloud configuration customized Scripts (combination of Lisp and Max scripts) process the point cloud database. The programmed script-routines, iteratively run calculations to generate steel-wire frames, steel lattice-structure and cladding panels along with their dimensions and execution drawing data. Optimization-routines are also programmed to make rectifications and small adjustments in the calculated data. This precise information is further communicated with CNC milling machines to manifest complex sectional profiles formulating the construct hence enabling timely and effective construction of the conceptualized form.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

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