Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	ascaad2006_paper13
id	ascaad2006_paper13
authors	Ambrose, Michael A.
year	2006
title	Plan is Dead: to BIM or not to BIM, that is the question
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	Drawing, modeling and the explicit abstraction embedded in the traditions and conventions of visual communication through composition and representation are fundamental to the how, why and what of architectural design. BIM presents simulation as an antiabstract means of visual communication that seeks to displace the discreet representation of plan, section and elevation with the intelligent object model. If plan is dead, the implication is that the value of abstraction is dead or dying as well. How can architectural education prepare students for digital practice with such an assault on the underlying role of abstract representation of formal and spatial constructs that constitute architecture? This paper explores a possible path for engaging digital media in education that explores the gap between design theory and digital practice. The investigation centers on ways of exploring architecture by developing teaching methods that reprioritize ways of seeing, thinking and making spatial design. Digital architectural education has great opportunity and risk in how it comes to terms with reconceptualizing design education as the profession struggles to redefine the media and methods of architectural deliverables in the age of BIM.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	ascaad2006_paper6
id	ascaad2006_paper6
authors	Biloria, Nimish; Kas Oosterhus, and Cas Aalbers
year	2006
title	Design Informatics: a case based investigation into parametric design scripting and CNC based manufacturing techniques
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	The research paper exemplifies a novel information integrated design technique developed at ONL (Oosterhuis and Lenard), Netherlands, specifically appropriated for manifesting complex geometric forms. The ‘informed design technique’, apart from being highly instrumental in conceptualizing and generating the geometric component constituting architectural form in a parametric manner, is also efficiently utilized for precise computer aided manufacturing and construction of the speculated form. Geometric complexities inherent in contemporary architectural constructs and the time spent in appropriation of such topologies, fueled the ‘informed design’ approach, which caters to issues of timely construction, precision oriented design and production (visual and material) and parametric modeling attuned to budgetary fluctuations. This designresearch approach has been tested and deployed by ONL, for conceiving ‘the Acoustic Barrier’ project, Utrecht Leidsche Rijn in the Netherlands and is treated as a generic case for exemplifying the ‘informed design’ technique in this research paper. The design methodology encourages visualizing architectural substantiations from a systems perspective and envisages upon a rule based adaptive systems approach involving extrapolation of contextual dynamics/ground data in terms of logical ‘rules’. These rules/conditionalities form the basis for spawning parametric logistics to be mapped upon geometric counterparts exemplifying the conception. The simulated parametric relations bind dimensional aspects (length, width, height etc.) of the geometric construct in a relational manner, eventually culminating in a 3D spatial envelope. This evolved envelope is subsequently intersected with a ‘parametric spatio-constructive grid’, creating specific intersecting points between the two. A pattern of points attained from this intersection: ‘the point cloud’ serves as a generic information field concerning highly specific coordinates, parameters and values for each individual point/constructive node it embodies. The relations between these points are directly linked with precise displacements of structural profiles and related scaling factors of cladding materials. Parallel to this object oriented modeling approach, a detailed database (soft/information component) is also maintained to administer the relations between the obtained points. To be able to derive constructible structural and cladding components from the point cloud configuration customized Scripts (combination of Lisp and Max scripts) process the point cloud database. The programmed scriptroutines, iteratively run calculations to generate steel-wire frames, steel lattice-structure and cladding panels along with their dimensions and execution drawing data. Optimization-routines are also programmed to make rectifications and small adjustments in the calculated data. This precise information is further communicated with CNC milling machines to manifest complex sectional profiles formulating the construct thus enabling timely and effective construction of the conceptualized form.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	eaea2005_000
id	eaea2005_000
authors	Dechène, Sigrun und Manfred Walz (Eds.)
year	2006
title	Motion, E-Motion and Urban Space
source	Proceedings of the 7th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN-10: 3-00-019070-8 - ISBN-13: 978-3-00-019070-4, 260 p.
summary	Simulating the development and the image of architecture and urban design means to show how the environment of the future and the living conditions could develop. At the same time it is part of our task to explain our work to local people and to the public and to passion skills in methods, instruments and knowledge in planning to the next generation of architects, planners and last but not least to discuss and to renew them once more for ourselves. Our aim was also to reflect what we have done since starting the look through the key-hole of endoscopy. Meanwhile this look has been completed since the beginnings in 1993 much more by computer and monitor. It is not the question to take the endoscope or the computer as a methodical and instrumental approach. Nowadays we normally decide to take the endoscope and the computer. In preparing the conference and the workshop we thought that this should now also be the moment not only to inform each other and the participants on methods, tools and best practices in simulating and designing the environment but also to focus on the social and human consequences of perception, movement and use the present urban spaces and the urban space in future. So we proposed the theme “MOTION, E-MOTION and URBAN SPACE” and we invited a scientific expert in experimental psychology to give us some serious reflections and one or another hint on our research themes and methods. The contributions and discussions in the conference showed that the proposal has not only been accepted but has also been completed and enriched especially concerning the theme urban space, it’s processes of usage and it‘s atmosphere. Also in the themes of endoscopy and the research on modelling urban spaces and architecture, meanwhile nearly “traditional” ones, remarkable results were presented and discussed. A very important point of contributions and the following discussions was how to present our subjects to the interested public and to improve our own internal exchange. An object could be to enforce the research tasks in researching together even more.
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2008/04/29 20:46

_id	acadia06_068
id	acadia06_068
authors	Elys, John
year	2006
title	Digital Ornament
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2006.068
source	Synthetic Landscapes [Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture] pp. 68-78
summary	Gaming software has a history of fostering development of economical and creative methods to deal with hardware limitations. Traditionally the visual representation of gaming software has been a poor offspring of high-end visualization. In a twist of irony, this paper proposes that game production software leads the way into a new era of physical digital ornament. The toolbox of the rendering engine evolved rapidly between 1974-1985 and it is still today, 20 years later the main component of all visualization programs. The development of the bump map is of particular interest; its evolution into a physical displacement map provides untold opportunities of the appropriation of the 2D image to a physical 3D object.To expose the creative potential of the displacement map, a wide scope of existing displacement usage has been identified: Top2maya is a scientific appropriation, Caruso St John Architects an architectural precedent and Tord Boonje’s use of 2D digital pattern provides us with an artistic production precedent. Current gaming technologies give us an indication of how the resolution of displacement is set to enter an unprecedented level of geometric detail. As modernity was inspired by the machine age, we should be led by current technological advancement and appropriate its usage. It is about a move away from the simplification of structure and form to one that deals with the real possibilities of expanding the dialogue of surface topology. Digital Ornament is a kinetic process rather than static, its intentions lie in returning the choice of bespoke materials back to the Architect, Designer and Artist.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia06_079
id	acadia06_079
authors	Kumar, Shilpi
year	2006
title	Architecture and Industrial Design A Convergent Process for Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2006.079
source	Synthetic Landscapes [Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture] pp. 79-94
summary	The use of technology has grown with the way design professions have evolved over time. Changing needs, desires of comfort, and perceptions of the consumers have led to a distinct improvement in the design of both product and architecture. The use of the digital media and emerging technologies has brought a dramatic change to the design process allowing us to view, feel, and mould a virtual object at every stage of design, development, and engineering. Change is often quick and easy since a virtual product does not inherently carry the biases of its physical counterpart. In order to communicate ideas across the team, digital processes are also used to bring together opinions, experiences, and perspectives. These methods encourage decision making based on information rather than prejudice or instinct. Thus, digital exchanges (technology) impact firm strategies at three levels: product, process, and administrative or support activities (Adler 1989).Digital tools for design exchange in Industrial Design (ID) began much earlier than many other professions. The profession of Architecture is also slowly moving to a similar model with digital exchange finding increasing prevalence in drawing, modeling, performance simulation, design collaboration, construction management, and building fabrication. The biggest problem is the disintegrated use of technology in the architectural profession without a strategy toward streamlining the design process from conception to fabrication. In this paper we investigate how the use of technology has evolved in the professions of Industrial Design and Architecture comparatively in their product, process, and support activities. Further, we will present a set of guidelines that will help architects in the convergence of design process, helping in a more efficient work flow with a strategic use of digital technology.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	sigradi2006_p003c
id	sigradi2006_p003c
authors	Nojimoto, Cynthia; Pereira Carneiro, Gabriela and Tramontano, Marcelo
year	2006
title	Processos de design: uso de animações na concepção de peças de mobiliário [Design processes: Using computing animations for interactive furniture conception]
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 321-324
summary	This article explores the use of graphical animations in the process of furniture design. The proposals are part of the Kómuniká’tór Project (www.eesc.usp.br/nomads/ kom.htm) that investigates the insertion of media in dwelling furniture. The objective is to describe the process of creation and use of these animations pointing how this methodology has been relevant for visualizing potentials and limitations of the proposals explored in the project. Two consultations through focus groups had been carried through, the first one with potentially users and the second one with professionals of design, communication and architecture domains. The technique of animations appears as a valid method for a first contact between the proposed object with its possible user.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:56

_id	sigradi2006_p019a
id	sigradi2006_p019a
authors	Ribeiro, Clarissa and Pratschke, Anja
year	2006
title	Arquitetura Irreversível_ Tempo e Complexidade [Irreversible Architecture_ Time and Complexity]
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 90-94
summary	This paper aims at discussing how computational environments could give support to complex approaches of architectural design process. Focusing on generative design, the main goal is to allow the perception of architecture more as system than as object: form, structure and organization as emergences in non-linear, autoorganizational processes. It involves the interaction of a vast universe of factors and flows that performs as attractors or repellers for the architecture-systems evolution in time. The ideas presented here are results of the Master Research in Architecture and Complex Thought of Clarissa Ribeiro, and are part of a larger questioning about the relation of architectural design process and digital culture, discussed in our research group Nomads.USP [Center for Interactive Living Studies, http://www.eesc. usp. br/nomads].
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

_id	2006_552
id	2006_552
authors	Tellios, Anastasios
year	2006
title	‘High Code’ architecture - A diagram of de-materialization and reinstallation of architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.552
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 552-555
summary	Architectural representations do not merely realize the transmission of intervened information between the architect and his audience. Through the growing importance of representation and the use of digital means of expression, which is obviously met in contemporary architectural discourse, one can safely suggest that in certain cases the information is created rather than treated or consumed through the procedure of digital representation. The issue raised is of far greater range than just the replacement of traditional means of representation. One can already trace definite signs of a new communicative entity, profoundly based upon the use of digital means, alongside the classic body of architecture. This new essence is the result of architectural representation, in its autonomous interpretation, when it creates the meaning and the information that initially was assigned only to transmit. All these special conditions are more effectively reflected into a new concept, this of ‘high code architecture’. ‘High code architecture’ implies and presupposes the existence of an additional inner mechanism that creates it. The procedure of emancipation of the architectural representations is rather incomplete without the validity of an associating mechanism between the representation itself and the represented object. This phenomenon can be studied through a diagram of de-materialization and reinstallation of architecture. This diagram is materialized in three distinctive stages: 1. The architectural object is de-materialized through various representations and procurations via digital, figurative and print media to finally become an image. 2. The images, as representatives and/or substitutes of an architectural object, re-materialize and form a kind of architecture that is of ‘abstracted perception’ and free of theoretic and ideological weights. 3. An array of morphological types, ‘iconic pictures’ is created, that form the base of the so called ‘high code architecture’.
keywords	Representation; Image; Iconic
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	2006_122
id	2006_122
authors	Vergopoulos, Stavros and Apostolos Kalfopoulos
year	2006
title	Abstractions as a Means of Interacting with the Environment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.122
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 122-127
summary	The employment of digital tools in architecture is based on a new approach to design that acknowledges the value of research and feedback from the environment. Abstractions are a means of minimising the complexity of information that surrounds a designed object. They are seen as focused interest on certain aspects of a field that are exaggerated on the cost of others. The use of abstractions and diagrammatic representations is discussed within the context of a computerised design studio.
keywords	Abstractions; Diagrams; Design Processes; Interaction
series	eCAADe
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ascaad2006_paper26
id	ascaad2006_paper26
authors	Wittkopf, Stephen K.; Sze Lee Teo, and Zhou ZhiYing
year	2006
title	I3-Eye-Cube: interactive intuitive mixed reality interface for virtual architecture
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	This paper introduces a new tangible interface for navigating through immersive virtual Architecture. It replaces the common mouse or glove with a set of tangible cubes. It includes physical architectural floor plans as contextual haptic constraints for the cubes to ensure better object manipulation compared to free space. The position and orientation of the cubes relative to the floor plan is tracked by web cameras and a newly developed program translates this into the 6-dof of the virtual camera generating a 3D view for the immersive projection of virtual architecture. This easy to use tangible interface mixes common 2D dimensional (real) with 3D immersive representation (virtual) of Architecture to overcome the problem of ‘Getting lost in Cyberspace’.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	sigradi2006_c129b
id	sigradi2006_c129b
authors	Abad, Gabriel; Adriane Borde; Mónica Fuentes; Virginia Agrielav; Adriana Granero and Jacqueline Fernández
year	2006
title	Producción colaborativa de material de enseñanza-aprendizaje de Gráfica Digital con aportes multidisciplinarios [Collaborative production for taught-learning materials for digital graphic with multidisciplinary contributions]
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 117-121
summary	For a contribution to problem solving processes at different areas, this paper presents the use of Digital Graphics as a knowledge object for a distance teaching/learning workshop. At the Learning Management System, different theoretical subjects with supporting tools were proposed, and exercises requiring collaborative work. An specific didactic situation using available technologies at Internet for 3D modelling, combined with satellite images and geographic information program was proposed. The final works were then shared by a 3D models repository. As a complement of this experience and in relation with their professional work, every student proposed a new didactic situation including Learning Objects, sharing them with the others members of the group, through conceptual maps built up in a co-operative way.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	2006_302
id	2006_302
authors	Dounas, Theodoros and Anastasios M. Kotsiopoulos
year	2006
title	Generation of alternative designs in architectural problems using Shape Grammars defined with animation tools - A computer implementation of shape grammars using modelling and animation software
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.302
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 302-307
summary	We present a model of generation of alternative designs to selected architectural and spatial configurations of small complexity. Specifically we present a production pipeline of architectural / spatial configurations using the context of animation and time based design tools. Our model consists of time and space design constraints of boundaries / objects affecting a given architectural design, thus producing an alternative solution for every timeframe of the animation cycle. The alternative designs vary from the original according to their temporal and/or spatial distance from the original object on the animation time-line. The constraints placed upon the objects , used as actuators of Shape Grammars, are defined informally by the user/designer while their influence can vary according to time, speed, location, configuration of the object and/or the constraint itself. However the constraints further function as formal rules for the Shape Grammar creation so that our model tries to predict ahead of time the emergence of alternate designs. The employ of animation tools [shape driven curves, speed and time-line functions,parent child relationships] in the shape generation of our model empowers the user/designer to configure whole sets of shapes and designs interactively and without the need to define every solution independently. Simultaneously, a different, time-focused view of our model describes its use on designs that develop different configurations over time. Thus a duality of our model is established: either the animated schema may be a sum or family of various designs or the animated time-line represents a single design which changes over time. Finally the possibility of an automated analysis of every design is discussed, using Space Syntax diagrams so the designer can quickly evaluate the various spatial configurations produced by a single original.
keywords	shape computation; shape grammar computer implementation; alternative designs; animation software techniques
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	2006_512
id	2006_512
authors	Halin, Gilles and Sylvain Kubicki
year	2006
title	Image: A Support for Architectural Cooperative Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.512
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 512-515
summary	Cooperative design is an activity where actors share and exchange ideas, propositions, requirements, and constraints about the definition of an object. In architectural design, image plays an important role. It is the support of creation activity, object representation or references. Considering this important role of image, we suggest studying how the digital image is used as a support of collective activities in assistance tools dedicated to architectural design.
keywords	Digital Image; Cooperative Design; Cooperative Assistance Tool
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	2006_014
id	2006_014
authors	Iordanova, Ivanka; Lorna Heaton and Manon Guité
year	2006
title	Architectural Design Spaces and Interpersonal Communication-Changes in Design Vocabulary and Language Expression
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.014
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 14-21
summary	This paper addresses communication during the design process and the mutations it may undergo depending on the medium of design. Three experimental observations were held with students in the context of architectural digital design studios. Each of them was performed when the students were working on a design problem, in groups of two or three, with different design mediums: cardboard mock-up or modeling software with one or two mice used for interaction with the computer. The methodology used for analysing the recorded video and graphical data is based on previous research work in the domains of collaborative communication as well as in the domain of design. It combines purely qualitative interpretation with graphical linkographic analysis. A software prototype was developed in order to allow for an interactive category assignment, exploration and interaction. Gesture, verbal language and design space are studied in order to determine their dependence on the medium and the eventual impact this might have either on the design process or on the object being designed.
keywords	Design communication; education; gesture
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	2006_066
id	2006_066
authors	Kalisperis, Loukas N.; Katsuhiko Muramoto; Bimal Balakrishnan; Dragana Nikolic and Nevena Zikic
year	2006
title	Evaluating Relative Impact of Virtual Reality System Variables on Architectural Design Comprehension and Presence - A variable-centered approach using fractional factorial experiment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.066
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 66-73
summary	The relative contributions of five variables (Stereoscopy, screen size, field of view, level of realism and level of detail) of virtual reality systems on spatial comprehension and presence are evaluated here. Using a variable-centered approach instead of an object-centric view as its theoretical basis, the contributions of these five variables and their two-way interactions are estimated through a 25-1 fractional factorial experiment (screening design) of resolution V with 84 subjects. The experiment design, procedure, measures used, creation of scales and indices, results of statistical analysis, their meaning and agenda for future research are elaborated.
keywords	Virtual reality system variables - stereoscopy; screen size; field of view; level of realism; level of detail; spatial comprehension; presence; variable-centered approach; fractional factorial experiment design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ijac20075209
id	ijac20075209
authors	Kersten, Thomas P.
year	2007
title	Virtual Reality Model of the Northern Sluice of the Ancient Dam in Marib/Yemen by Combination of Digital Photogrammetry and Terrestrial Laser Scanning for Archaeological Applications
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 5 - no. 2, pp. 340-354
summary	In this paper the potential of digital photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning in combination is demonstrated in the recording and 3D CAD construction of the northern sluice of the ancient dam in Marib/Yemen, which is located approx. 150 kilometre east of the capital city Sana'a, close to the inner Arabic desert. The Yemeni government proposed for initiation of the building into the list of the UNESCO world cultural heritage. This described project work is a co-operation between the Commission for Archaeology of Non-European Cultures (KAAK) Bonn of the German Archaeological Institute (DAI) and the department Geomatics of the HafenCity University Hamburg. The object recording was carried out in January 2006 with the digital SLR camera Fujifilm FinePix S2 pro and the terrestrial laser scanner Trimble GS100 during the archaeological excavations. The northern sluice was reconstructed and visualized as a computer-based 3D CAD model for archaeological investigations (as-builtdocumentation of the excavations) and for future tourism advertising and publication purposes.
series	journal
last changed	2007/08/29 16:23

_id	ijac20064403
id	ijac20064403
authors	Kuan, Steve; Kvan, Thomas
year	2006
title	CoBlocks:An Improved Voxel-based Design Tool by Object Structuring of Voxel Models
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 4 - no. 4, pp. 35-55
summary	This paper introduces a voxel-based collaborative modelling system called CoBlocks which was developed to support designers in building models together in a synchronized virtual environment. This is due to the fact that voxel models are gaining more attention in computer-aided design (CAD) systems as they support simple and intuitive modelling for the early design phases. However, due to the discrete nature of voxels, it is common practice in most voxel-based design systems that the voxel modelling methods have limited users to manipulate models at the level of individual voxels. From the literature, however, we might expect that voxel modelling would benefit from higher-level interaction as supported by the object structuring of such models. In light of these, a controlled lab study was therefore carried out to examine the benefits of the structuring of these models in voxel-based design systems. The results show that users prefer working with structured voxels and that they can interact better with them.
series	journal
more	http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mscp/ijac/2006/00000004/00000004/art00004
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	2006_678
id	2006_678
authors	Lefantzis, Michaelis
year	2006
title	From Survey to Representation of ancient monuments: new methodology and technology - The cases of the Golgotha site in Jerusalem and the Stoa of Eumenes at the South Slope of the Acropolis of Athens
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.678
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 678-682
summary	The purpose of this paper is to present the characteristics of laser scanning technology, based on two examples for the modeling at the reconstruction of the Golgotha site in Jerusalem and the ancient Stoa of Eumenes II, located at the South Slope of the Athens Acropolis. Terrestrial 3D laser scanning is a new methodology for three dimensional object modeling. Especially, the reconstruction of the ancient Stoa of Eumenes II comprises one of the most important restoration programs of the Greek Ministry of Culture. This paper will focus on the main steps of the laser scanning processing chain, starting from the acquisition of the data and ending with the evaluation of the 3D models.
keywords	Golgotha; Eumenes Stoa; Laser scanning; archeological architectural documentation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	2006_358
id	2006_358
authors	McMeel, Dermott
year	2006
title	Carnival and Construction - Towards a Scaffolding for the Inclusion of ICT in the Construction Process
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.358
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 358-363
summary	In this paper we explore the process of construction, we consider the construction site as a mediated collaborative environment in which many specialist crafts and esoteric skills are present and negotiated. Concrete information when pass onto a construction site becomes part of a fluid morphing object, the validity and meaning of information can change—or be lost—depending on where and when it is. We look at current models of construction and actual construction process and we explore the notion of Carnival as a tool to reconcile the concrete and fluid aspects to communication dynamics of mediated group working in general and of construction site practice specifically.
keywords	Carnival; ICT; Construction; Mediation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	cf2011_p016
id	cf2011_p016
authors	Merrick, Kathryn; Gu Ning
year	2011
title	Supporting Collective Intelligence for Design in Virtual Worlds: A Case Study of the Lego Universe
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 637-652.
summary	Virtual worlds are multi-faceted technologies. Facets of virtual worlds include graphical simulation tools, communication, design and modelling tools, artificial intelligence, network structure, persistent object-oriented infrastructure, economy, governance and user presence and interaction. Recent studies (Merrick et al., 2010) and applications (Rosenman et al., 2006; Maher et al., 2006) have shown that the combination of design, modelling and communication tools, and artificial intelligence in virtual worlds makes them suitable platforms for supporting collaborative design, including human-human collaboration and human-computer co-creativity. Virtual worlds are also coming to be recognised as a platform for collective intelligence (Levy, 1997), a form of group intelligence that emerges from collaboration and competition among large numbers of individuals. Because of the close relationship between design, communication and virtual world technologies, there appears a strong possibility of using virtual worlds to harness collective intelligence for supporting upcoming ‚Äúdesign challenges on a much larger scale as we become an increasingly global and technological society‚Äù (Maher et al, 2010), beyond the current support for small-scale collaborative design teams. Collaborative design is relatively well studied and is characterised by small-scale, carefully structured design teams, usually comprising design professionals with a good understanding of the design task at hand. All team members are generally motivated and have the skills required to structure the shared solution space and to complete the design task. In contrast, collective design (Maher et al, 2010) is characterised by a very large number of participants ranging from professional designers to design novices, who may need to be motivated to participate, whose contributions may not be directly utilised for design purposes, and who may need to learn some or all of the skills required to complete the task. Thus the facets of virtual worlds required to support collective design differ from those required to support collaborative design. Specifically, in addition to design, communication and artificial intelligence tools, various interpretive, mapping and educational tools together with appropriate motivational and reward systems may be required to inform, teach and motivate virtual world users to contribute and direct their inputs to desired design purposes. Many of these world facets are well understood by computer game developers, as level systems, quests or plot and achievement/reward systems. This suggests the possibility of drawing on or adapting computer gaming technologies as a basis for harnessing collective intelligence in design. Existing virtual worlds that permit open-ended design ‚Äì such as Second Life and There ‚Äì are not specifically game worlds as they do not have extensive level, quest and reward systems in the same way as game worlds like World of Warcraft or Ultima Online. As such, while Second Life and There demonstrate emergent design, they do not have the game-specific facets that focus users towards solving specific problems required for harnessing collective intelligence. However, a new massively multiplayer virtual world is soon to be released that combines open-ended design tools with levels, quests and achievement systems. This world is called Lego Universe (www.legouniverse.com). This paper presents technology spaces for the facets of virtual worlds that can contribute to the support of collective intelligence in design, including design and modelling tools, communication tools, artificial intelligence, level system, motivation, governance and other related facets. We discuss how these facets support the design, communication, motivational and educational requirements of collective intelligence applications. The paper concludes with a case study of Lego Universe, with reference to the technology spaces defined above. We evaluate the potential of this or similar tools to move design beyond the individual and small-scale design teams to harness large-scale collective intelligence. We also consider the types of design tasks that might best be addressed in this manner.
keywords	collective intelligence, collective design, virtual worlds, computer games
series	CAAD Futures
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last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

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