Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2014_092
id	ecaade2014_092
authors	Sherif Abdelmohsen
year	2014
title	A BIM-based Framework for Assessing Architectural Competition Entries
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.2.473
source	Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 473-483
summary	Architectural competitions have been traditionally used to select best design practices. The basis of assessment for competitions has typically involved non-technical concepts of quality, subjective and emotional appreciations of experiences, and inseparable accord of formal, functional, aesthetic and contextual values (Rönn, 2011), rather than clear-cut objective and precisely measured values as in the engineering domain (Nashed, 2005; Nelson, 2006). Criteria for judgment usually focus on design parti and clarity of concept, novelty of architectural approach, context compliance, spatial organization, functional adaptability, economical solutions, and design flexibility. The assessment process, although presumably comprehensive and involving multiple evaluation techniques and resources, may still overlook important technical issues that may be fundamentally significant to the exclusion or approval of a given entry. This paper introduces a framework for assessing architectural competition entries aided by concepts of building information modeling (BIM).
wos	WOS:000361385100050
keywords	Building information modeling; architectural competitions; design evaluation; best practices; rule checking
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ascaad2006_paper21
id	ascaad2006_paper21
authors	Abdelhameed, Wael A.
year	2006
title	The Relations Between Design Idea Emergence and Design Solution Direction: digital media use in mass exploration of architectural design
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	The unfolding of research is that design is a creative activity of problem-solving, directed to achieve what architecture should provide man with. The first part of the research investigates Design-Idea Exploration in the initial phases of design process, in terms of exploring the links between Design-Idea Emergence and Design-Solution Direction. The second part of the research presents a use of digital media in Design-Idea Exploration of three dimensional shapes throughout the initial phases of design process. The research has concluded the links between Design Ideas Emergence and Design Solution Directions, and presented the features of the program, which distinguish it from other standard modeling software.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	ascaad2006_paper15
id	ascaad2006_paper15
authors	Anz, Craig and Akel Ismail Kahera
year	2006
title	Critical Environmentalism and the Practice of Re-Construction
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	This research focuses on the implications and applications of “critical environmentalism” as a quintessential epistemological framework for urban interventions while implementing digital applications that foster collective, round-table approaches to design. Essentially centering the environment (Umwelt) as an encompassing and interconnecting catalyst between multiple disciplines, philosophies, and modes of inquiry and technologies, the framework reciprocally fosters individual and critical identities associated with particular places, belief systems, and their participants as a primary concern. Critical environmentalism promotes a comprehensive, reciprocally unifying epistemological framework that can significantly inform architectural interventions and the tethered use of its technologies in order to foster increased vitality and a certain coinvested attention to the complexities of the greater domain. Grounding the theory in pedagogical practice, this paper documents an approach to urban design and architectural education, implemented as a case-study and design scenario, where divergent perspectives amalgamate into emergent urban configurations, critically rooted in the conditional partialities of place. Digital technologies are incorporated along with analogical methods as tools to integrate multiple perspectives into a single, working plane. Engaging the above framework, the approach fosters a critical (re)construction and on-going, co-vested regeneration of community and the context of place while attempting to dialogically converge multiple urban conditions and modes-of-thought through the co-application of various digital technologies. Critically understanding complex urban situations involves dialogically analyzing, mapping, and modeling a discursive, categorical structure through a common goal and rationale that seeks dialectic synthesis between divergent constructions while forming mutual, catalyzing impetuses between varying facets. In essence, the integration of varying technologies in conjunction, connected to real world scenarios and a guiding epistemic framework cultivates effective cross-pollination of ideas and modes through communicative and participatory interaction. As such it also provides greater ease in crosschecking between a multitude of divergent modes playing upon urban design and community development. Since current digital technologies aid in data collection and the synthesis of information, varying factors can be more easily and collectively identified, analyzed, and then simultaneously used in subsequent design configurations. It inherently fosters the not fully realized potential to collectively overlay or montage complex patterns and thoughts seamlessly and to thus subsequently merge a multitude of corresponding design configurations simultaneously within an ongoing, usable database. As a result, the pedagogical process reveals richly textured sociocultural fabrics and thus produces distinct amplifications in complexity and attentive management of diverse issues, while also generating significant narratives and themes for fostering creative and integrative solutions. As a model for urban community and social development, critical environmentalism is further supported the integrative use of digital technologies as an effective means and management for essential, communicative interchange of knowledge and thus rapprochement between divergent modes-of-thought, promoting critical, productive interaction with others in the (co)constructive processes of our life-space.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	acadia06_230
id	acadia06_230
authors	Anzalone, Phillip
year	2006
title	Synthetic Research
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2006.230
source	Synthetic Landscapes [Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture] pp. 230-231
summary	Synthetic Research insinuates a relationship of a meticulous process of discovering truth contradicted against a fabricated, as in concocted, reality. It is important to recognize the logical aspect of synthetic when examining what synthetic research can provide for architectural discourse. Synthesis contrasts with analysis in that it’s primary methods involve recourse to experience; it is experience that is at the heart of synthetic research. The synthesis of theory, architectural constructions, technological artifacts and computational techniques requires experiencing the results of experimentation. Synthetic digital architecture necessitates a discovery process incorporating creation that allows for experience, be it virtual reality, full-scale prototyping or spatial creations; provided experience is a truthful one, and not disingenuous and thereby slipping into the alternate definition of synthetic.Research’s experimental arm, as opposed to the analytic, relies on tinkering - implying the unfinished, the incomplete, the prototype. Examples of this are everywhere. Computer screenshots are a strikingly literal example of synthetic research when used as a means of experiencing a process. Performance mock-ups of building assemblies are a method of synthetic research in that one experiences a set of defined performances in order to discover and redefine the project. The watchmaker craft is an exercise in research/experimentation where material properties are inherent in function and aesthetics; consider how the components interact with the environment - motion, gravity, space-time, temperature. Efficiency at this point is predominantly structural and physical. Decorative or aesthetic elements are applied or integrated in later iterations along with optimization of performance, marketing and costs.What is a architectural research? How can research synthesize the wide range of possibilities for the trajectory of architecture when engaged in digital and computational techniques? The goals, techniques, documentation and other methods of research production have a place in architecture that must be explored, particularly as it related to computation. As in other fields, we must build a legitimate body of research whereby others can use and expand upon, such that digital architectures evolve in innovative as well as prosperous paths.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2006_p034e
id	sigradi2006_p034e
authors	Araujo Pires, Julie and Murad, Carlos
year	2006
title	Inscrições hipertextuais: a escrita como imagem na criação visual contemporânea [Hypertext inscription: writing as image in contemporary visual creation]
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 411-414
summary	This paper discusses the creative imagination by the speech’s presence on the contemporary projects of art/design. Nowadays the digital era has shattered limits of the space and the user’s perception in a mix between images and texts, built by numeric language, witnessing possible new ways of writing as image. Considering on the duality between verbal and visual, some post-modern artists/projectors are redeeming the germinal quality of image from the alphabet. They use video and electronic technology incorporating the word written in their creation process. In this sense, Gaston Bachelard’s ideas on the philosophy of image and imagination could be helpful to understand that process. At first, looking through the representations accomplished by the artists gesture in their constructions. Afterwards, how those visual poetics explore the word on video project and electronic way as experimentation and on the creation project process.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ascaad2006_paper25
id	ascaad2006_paper25
authors	Artopoulos, Giorgos; Stanislav Roudavski and Francois Penz
year	2006
title	Adaptive Generative Patterns: design and construction of Prague Biennale pavilion
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	This paper describes an experimental practice-based research project that considered design process, implementation and construction of a pavilion built to be part of the Performative Space section of the International Biennale of Contemporary Art, Prague 2005. The project was conceptualized as a time-bound performative situation with a parasite-like relationship to its host environment. Its design has emerged through an innovative iterative process that utilized digital simulative and procedural techniques and was formed in response to place-specific behavioral challenges. This paper presents the project as an in-depth case-study of digital methods in design, mass customization and unified methods of production. In particular, it considers the use of Voronoi patterns for production of structural elements providing detail on programming and construction techniques in relationship to design aspirations and practical constraints.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	acadia06_104
id	acadia06_104
authors	Barrow, Larry R.
year	2006
title	Performance House: A CADCAM Modular House System
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2006.104
source	Synthetic Landscapes [Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture] pp. 104-121
summary	Millions of persons around the globe live in low quality indigenous, or Manufactured Housing (MH) systems that often result in low “performance” undesirable living environments and, at times, life threatening habitation. Our research has explored mass production principles in product design and architecture, currently at the single family housing scale, with a focus on the recent devastation along the US Gulf Coast as a result of hurricane impact, most notably hurricane Katrina.“Modern architecture” theoreticians have conceived, written, prototyped and even launched business ventures in an attempt to bring their manufactured housing “ideas” to fruition. However, architects have generally had little “long-term” impact in the area of manufactured housing strategies and the current manufactured housing industry remains archaic and problematic. This paper includes our research of other architects attempts to leverage technology in the manufactured housing industry; additionally, we analyzed current problems in the US mass housing industry. We then derived a set of “design criterion” as a means of anchoring our design inquiry for a proposed factory-built modular house system.Our research encompasses both process and product innovation; this paper reflects on our use of technology to leverage an Industrial Design (ID) process that is inclusive of many “design” partners and team members. We are using both virtual and physical output representation and physical prototyping for a factory-built house system; our Research and Development (R&D) is on-going with our collaborating design-manufacture engineering partners from the automotive, furniture and aerospace research labs here at Mississippi State University. Our goal is to use “industrial design” principles to produce mass housing components that provide durable-sustainable housing.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2006_e048c
id	sigradi2006_e048c
authors	Beck, Mateus Paulo; Brener, Rafael; Giustina, Marcelo and Turkienicz, Benamy
year	2006
title	Light and Form in Design – A Computational Approach
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 254-257
summary	Shape perception is strongly influenced by the reciprocal relation between light and form. Computational applications can increase the number of design alternatives taking into account possible variations in the relation between light and form. The aim of this study is to discuss a pedagogical experience carried out with 5th semester architectural students, based on a series of exercises prior to the term project. The exercises were concerned with the relation between light and form from an aesthetical point of view and should be understood as examples for the use of computers as tools to creatively accelerate the process of design and learning. The paper is divided in five parts. The first one describes the conceptual background for the exercises, a descriptive method for the identification of light effects in architectural objects based on ideas of shape emergence. The exercises’ methodology is explained in the second part, referring to the use of computational applications in 3-dimensional modeling, material and light simulation. The methodology includes different phases: –creation of bi-dimensional compositions according to symmetry operations; –creation of a minimal living space assigning functions to spaces originated from the former composition; –analysis of the impact of light on the form and spaces created; –alteration of form and materials creating new light effects considering the functions related to the spaces. The exercises alternate work in computational environment in two and three dimensions with the use of mockups, lamps and photography. In the third part the results –student’s design steps– are described. In the fourth part the results are analyzed and some conclusions are outlined in the fifth and last part. The use of emergent forms combined with computational tools has proved to be an effective way to achieve an accelerated understanding of the impact of light on forms as demonstrated by the evolution of the students work during the term and by their final results concerning the term project.
keywords	Architectural Design; Lighting; Design Simulation; Virtual Environment
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	acadia06_489
id	acadia06_489
authors	Bonswetch, T., Kobel, D., Gramazio, F., Kohler, M.
year	2006
title	The Informed Wall: applying additive digital fabrication techniques on architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2006.489
source	Synthetic Landscapes [Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture] pp. 489-495
summary	In this work in progress report we present the results of a four week design studio with graduate students as part of a broader research project on investigating digital additive fabrication processes and their implications on architectural design.In a simple test arrangement we realized the digital design and additive fabrication of two by three meters brick walls. The use of bricks, being the primary module for construction, and at a relatively coarse resolution, allowed us to concentrate on the design of completely programmed walls encompassing material-dependent parameters. The resulting prototypes depict the great potential of the integration of the design and the fabrication process. Non-standardized solutions can be easily accomplished as the design data is directly used to control the fabrication process. In using an additive digital fabrication process, a novel architectural product of the kind “brick wall” emerged, which could not have been conceived or fabricated manually.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	eaea2005_49
id	eaea2005_49
authors	Breen, Jack
year	2006
title	The Model Image
source	Motion, E-Motion and Urban Space [Proceedings of the 7th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN-10: 3-00-019070-8 - ISBN-13: 978-3-00-019070-4], pp. 49-59
summary	Designing is a specialized, unpredictable development process which is to a large extent visually generative and reflective – and, as such, predominantly pre-linguistic. Architectural designers make creative use of various imaging techniques, in order to elucidate design concepts that would otherwise remain ‘figments of the imagination’. By projecting their ideas, into readable information, these may be shared, communicated, evaluated and developed further. In this context, various types of models play an important role on different levels of design driven enquiry and representation. This contribution explores the dynamic conditions and potentials of models in architecture, in particular as a prerequisite for visual exploration and communication.
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2008/04/29 20:46

_id	caadria2006_187
id	caadria2006_187
authors	CHI-HSIN LIANG, TENG-WEN CHANG
year	2006
title	TOWARD A PLAYFUL DESIGN ENVIRONMENT - DIGAME
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.d3o
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 187-196
summary	Computer game has the potential that helps us to realize the design. However, these particularities still has not been found and organized under the circumstance of combining computer game and designing process. We will develop from the point of the computing that discuss how to use game elements to create a suitable digital design environment. Therefore, the problem is how to let a designing process as a game playing? And the objective is providing a prototype for playful design environment called DiGame (Design in Game) for discovering the game issues within the design. The implementation of DiGame is described in details.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	ddss2006-hb-487
id	DDSS2006-HB-487
authors	Chien-Tung Chen and Teng-Wen Chang
year	2006
title	1:1 Spatially Augmented Reality Design Environment
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 487-499
summary	With the development of ubiquitous computing (Weiser, 1991), what will become of the traditional media such as pen and sketches, especially in the design education environment? Or what will they be transformed into? In this research, we focus on the interior design process with a particular type of media-1:1 spatially augmented reality design environment (SARDE). In this research, we tried to implement SARDE and have a scenario experiment to check how designers interact with such design media. Furthermore, through this research, we have come to know more about how designers use design media to represent their design dream.
keywords	Design & Decision Support Systems, Spatially Augmented Reality, Architecture Education, and Computer Visualization
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	caadria2006_245
id	caadria2006_245
authors	CHOR-KHENG LIM
year	2006
title	TOWARDS A FRAMEWORK FOR DIGITAL DESIGN PROCESS: In terms of CAD/CAM fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.r2i
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 245-252
summary	This research aims to understand deeply the unique features of the CAD/CAM media tools and their applications, and come up with an initial framework of architectural design and construction process involving the use of CAD/CAM fabrication aids.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	ascaad2006_paper20
id	ascaad2006_paper20
authors	Chougui, Ali
year	2006
title	The Digital Design Process: reflections on architectural design positions on complexity and CAAD
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	These instructions are intended to guide contributors to the Second Architecture is presently engaged in an impatient search for solutions to critical questions about the nature and the identity of the discipline, and digital technology is a key agent for prevailing innovations in architectural design. The problem of complexity underlies all design problems. With the advent of CAD however, Architect’s ability to truly represent complexity has increased considerably. Another source that provides information about dealing with complexity is architectural theory. As Rowe (1987) states, architectural theory constitutes “a corpus of principles that are agreed upon and therefore worthy of emulation”. Architectural theory often is a mixed reflection on the nature of architectural design, design processes, made in descriptive and prescriptive terms (see Kruft 1985). Complexity is obviously not a new issue in architectural theory. Since it is an inherent characteristic of design problems, it has been dealt with in many different ways throughout history. Contemporary architects incorporate the computer in their design process. They produce architecture that is generated by the use of particle systems, simulation software, animation software, but also the more standard modelling tools. The architects reflect on the impact of the computer in their theories, and display changes in style by using information modelling techniques that have become versatile enough to encompass the complexity of information in the architectural design process. In this way, architectural style and theory can provide directions to further develop CAD. Most notable is the acceptance of complexity as a given fact, not as a phenomenon to oppose in systems of organization, but as a structuring principle to begin with. No matter what information modelling paradigm is used, complex and huge amounts of information need to be processed by designers. A key aspect in the combination of CAD, complexity, and architectural design is the role of the design representation. The way the design is presented and perceived during the design process is instrumental to understanding the design task. More architects are trying to reformulate this working of the representation. The intention of this paper is to present and discuss the current state of the art in architectural design positions on complexity and CAAD, and to reflect in particular on the role of digital design representations in this discussion. We also try to investigate how complexity can be dealt with, by looking at architects, in particular their styles and theories. The way architects use digital media and graphic representations can be informative how units of information can be formed and used in the design process. A case study is a concrete architect’s design processes such as Peter Eisenman Rem Koolhaas, van Berkel, Lynn, and Franke gehry, who embrace complexity and make it a focus point in their design, Rather than viewing it as problematic issue, by using computer as an indispensable instrument in their approaches.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	2006_690
id	2006_690
authors	Chuen-huei Huang, Joseph and Robert Krawczyk
year	2006
title	i_Prefab Home - Customizing Prefabricated Houses by Internet-Aided Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.690
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 690-698
summary	The paper demonstrates a web-based system for use in the area of prefabricated housing to assist the customer and architect in selecting appropriate building components. By collecting and evaluating client’s requirements with web technology, a methodology can be developed that can generate design options based on the client’s needs and available modular components in the market, and simulate the final design before beginning manufacturing. In this proposed model, a process of providing mass-customized prefabricated housing based on computer-aided design and a web-based product configuration system will be presented. How prefabricated housing design can be evolved from a mass repetitive production level to a mass customization level to meet variability and personality is the primary issue to be explored in this research.
keywords	Web-based design; clients input; mass customization; prefabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	2006_840
id	2006_840
authors	Ciblac, Thierry; Louis-Paul Untersteller and Pierre Macé
year	2006
title	Restitution and Interpretation of Spatial Representations: A New Approach for Teaching Representation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.840
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 840-847
summary	The use of computers has changed the practice of spatial representations. The users are no longer drawers but modelers who need to be able to check the coherence of models. The teaching of representations has to adapt with this evolution, especially in Schools of Architecture. A pedagogical way is to give interpretation tools of spatial representations through projective properties (incidence or affine properties) and consequence of intrinsic constraints (parallelism, orthogonality, and symmetry). The application of this knowledge is essential for the rebuilding of existing 3D objects or for a design process, with the restitution of 3D models from sketches. These approaches are illustrated in a pedagogical way, using dynamic geometry, in the restitution of the polyhedron of the engraving “Melencolia I” of A. Dürer, and in a dynamic sketch of a skylight inspired of the Vitra museum of F. Ghery.
keywords	restitution; perspective; teaching; geometric algebra; sketch
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ijac20064404
id	ijac20064404
authors	Day, Alan; Ab Rahman, Rashidah
year	2006
title	Physical or Digital:Alternative Approaches to Modelling for a Participatory Design Environment
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 4 - no. 4, pp. 57-70
summary	Many of those who are advocating the use of computers in planning and design are promoting the internet as a way of involving non-experts. Although there is a great deal to be said for such an approach, the role of direct face-to-face communications remains important and yet relatively little has been done to investigate how computers can be of assistance in such a setting. This paper will present the results of an experiment in which a commercially available, but relatively inexpensive, computer-aided architectural design (CAAD) package has been used to facilitate participatory design. The results indicate that such an approach can significantly improve the quality of design and also enhance the experience of those who have participated in the design process.
series	journal
more	http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mscp/ijac/2006/00000004/00000004/art00005
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	acadia06_540
id	acadia06_540
authors	Diewald, J., Frederick, M.
year	2006
title	Building Information Modeling: Interactive Versioning Experiment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2006.540
source	Synthetic Landscapes [Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture] pp. 540-541
summary	Interactive Versioning, is the first experiment of an ongoing investigation into the conceptual role of parametric modeling in the design process. In this case, the form is defined by constrained floor-plate relationships. Originally testing methods using numerical values exported to excel, we obtained undesirable results and shifted our focus to the creation of an interactive model; restoring the direct influence of user input. The result is a 10-floor structure that allows the user to tweak point locations along the slab perimeters that in turn have global effect on the overall geometry of the architectural body. We are using four point definition types: reference above, interactive reference, reference below, and independent value. Interactive reference points use referential constraints defined as x and y distances from the global origin, which change on account of user inputs. Reference above points pull (x,y) values from an interactive point above. Reference below points pull (x,y) values from interactive points below. Independent points are unaffected by changes in any of the other points but may also be tweaked to adjust a form. On any given level, there are 2 interactive reference points, 2 reference above points, 2 reference below points, and 4 independent points. Additionally, 2 length constraints link interactive points with reference above points on the same level. This allows for changes to affect the entire structure rather than only the floor plates immediately above and below a given change. The addition of constraints to the floor outlines will yield a variety of formal results and offer the possibility to further control the output.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	2006_810
id	2006_810
authors	Dokonal, Wolfgang and Knight,Michael
year	2006
title	Pen or PC? - Is Sketching essential to architectural design?
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.810
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 810-817
summary	This paper reports on an ongoing student architectural design project that is investigating the differing effects of the use of PC’s or Pens in the design process. We are interested to see whether designing wholly on the computer with a volume modeling software would produce differing results to a traditional design process with a strong basis in 2D sketching. To minimize the influence of the participants previous experience in either the use of PC’s or the pen, we have been working with very young students that have not yet gone through a traditional training on architectural design and CAAD software. This is one of the key aspects of our experimental procedure. We have found that recent software developments in the field of CAAD clearly have and will influence the way architects design and brings the computer as a design tool to the “normal architect”. Until very recently the computer was seen as a design tool almost solely for “computer geeks” in the profession, the majority of architects still using it mainly as a drafting machine or to produce visualizations of their projects after a more ‘conventional’ design process had finished. It is now very clear to us that the ongoing change in technology will have a profound effect on the way all of us will work in future undertaking architectural design. It is an important question for every school of architecture what effect these developments will have on our teaching methods and the curricula. We use the above mentioned ongoing educational project to find out about the benefits and risks of using the computer as a design tool for first year students.
keywords	Early Design stages; Collaborative Design; Sketching
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia06_392
id	acadia06_392
authors	Dorta, T., Perez, E.
year	2006
title	Hybrid modeling revaluing manual action for 3D modeling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2006.392
source	Synthetic Landscapes [Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture] pp. 392-402
summary	3D modeling software uses conventional interface devices like mouse, keyboard and display allowing the designer to model 3D shapes. Due to the complexity of 3D shape data structures, these programs work through a geometrical system and a graphical user interface to input and output data. However, these elements interfere with the conceptual stage of the design process because the software is always asking to be fed with accurate geometries—something hard to do at the beginning of the process. Furthermore, the interface does not recognize all the advantages and skills of the designer’s bare hands as a powerful modeling tool.This paper presents the evaluation of a hybrid modeling technique for conceptual design. The hybrid modeling approach proposes to use both computer and manual tools for 3D modeling at the beginning of the design process. Using 3D scanning and rapid prototyping techniques, the designer is able to go back and forth between digital and manual mode, thus taking advantage of each one. Starting from physical models, the design is then digitalized in order to be treated with special modeling software. Then, the rapid prototyping physical model becomes a matrix or physical 3D template used to explore design intentions with the hands, allowing the proposal of complex shapes, which is difficult to achieve by 3D modeling software alone.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

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