Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	caadria2006_503
id	caadria2006_503
authors	KAGA, ATSUKO; ATSUSHI MIYAGAWA, MASAHIRO KAWAGUCHI, WOOKHYUN YEO, TOMOHIRO FUKUDA
year	2006
title	LANDSCAPE EVALUATION SYSTEM USING A 3D SPACE MODEL AND A CELLULAR PHONE WITH GPS CAMERA
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 503-512
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.g8f
summary	In recent years there has been a demand that local residents take part in the planning of environmental designs from the initial stages. On the issue of understanding the local environment, it is desirable to accumulate and share information and to enable it to be reused. To this end, attention has been focused on the cellular phone which can provide position information and picture information in addition to serving as a tool of general communication. For several years now it has been increasingly common for cellular phones to be equipped with an E-mail function, a web browsing function, a camera function, a GPS function, etc. Using such cellular phones, it will become possible to quickly accumulate local information with detailed picture information and position information. On the other hand, it is desirable to look at and understand an environment interactively from various points of view from the initial stage of a project. For that purpose, examination using 3D space which makes real-time simulation possible is required. In this research, using a cellular phone with a GPS camera, scene image data is collected with the aim of constructing a local scene evaluation system which can perform a picture display using a 3D space model.
series	CAADRIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	2006_052
id	2006_052
authors	Kieferle, Joachim; Uwe Wössner and Martin Becker
year	2006
title	Interactive Simulation of Architecture in Virtual Environments
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 52-57
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.052
summary	Architecture always has an environmental impact. By using simulations, planners can minimize the environmental impact. Since simulations normally take a long time and thus only allow a very limited number of iterations, our project describes the setup of a close-to-real-time simulation technique. By dividing the simulation into smaller parts and running the software on clusters or massively parallel computing platforms, first results are available within several seconds, reasonable results below one minute. In order to make this tool easily accessible to specialists and laymen, a tangible user interface provides an intuitive interaction method. The results of the simulation can be visualized and interacted with in different virtual environments. Limitations, mainly automatic grid generation, shape recognition and computation power are discussed.
keywords	Interactive Simulation; Tangible User Interface; Virtual Environment; Virtual Reality
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaade2007_143
id	ecaade2007_143
authors	Ulmer, Andreas; Halatsch, Jan; Kunze, Antje; Müller, Pascal; Gool, Luc Van
year	2007
title	Procedural Design of Urban Open Spaces
source	Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 351-358
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.351
summary	This paper presents a novel approach for the automatic creation of vegetation scenarios in real or virtual 3D cities in order to simplify the complex design process and time consuming modeling tasks in urban landscape planning. We introduce shape grammars as a practical tool for the rule-based generation of urban open spaces. The automatically generated designs can be used for pre-visualization, master planning, guided design variation and digital content creation in general (e.g. for the entertainment industry). In a first step, we extend the CGA shape grammar by Müller et al. (2006) with urban planning operations. In a second step, we employ the possibilities of shape grammars to encode design patterns (Alexander et al., 1977). Therefore, we propose several examples of design patterns allowing for an intuitive high-level placement of objects common in urban open spaces (e.g. plants). Furthermore, arbitrary interactions between distinct instances of the vegetation and the urban environment can be encoded. With the resulting system, the designer can efficiently vegetate landscape and city parks, alleys, gardens, patios and even single buildings by applying the corresponding shape grammar rules. Our results demonstrate the procedural design process on two practical example scenarios, each one covering a different scale and different contexts of planning. The first example illustrates a derivation of the Garden of Versailles and the second example describes the usage of high-level rule sets to generate a suburbia model.
keywords	City modeling, design methodology, generative design, simulation, virtual environments
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ascaad2006_paper15
id	ascaad2006_paper15
authors	Anz, Craig and Akel Ismail Kahera
year	2006
title	Critical Environmentalism and the Practice of Re-Construction
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	This research focuses on the implications and applications of “critical environmentalism” as a quintessential epistemological framework for urban interventions while implementing digital applications that foster collective, round-table approaches to design. Essentially centering the environment (Umwelt) as an encompassing and interconnecting catalyst between multiple disciplines, philosophies, and modes of inquiry and technologies, the framework reciprocally fosters individual and critical identities associated with particular places, belief systems, and their participants as a primary concern. Critical environmentalism promotes a comprehensive, reciprocally unifying epistemological framework that can significantly inform architectural interventions and the tethered use of its technologies in order to foster increased vitality and a certain coinvested attention to the complexities of the greater domain. Grounding the theory in pedagogical practice, this paper documents an approach to urban design and architectural education, implemented as a case-study and design scenario, where divergent perspectives amalgamate into emergent urban configurations, critically rooted in the conditional partialities of place. Digital technologies are incorporated along with analogical methods as tools to integrate multiple perspectives into a single, working plane. Engaging the above framework, the approach fosters a critical (re)construction and on-going, co-vested regeneration of community and the context of place while attempting to dialogically converge multiple urban conditions and modes-of-thought through the co-application of various digital technologies. Critically understanding complex urban situations involves dialogically analyzing, mapping, and modeling a discursive, categorical structure through a common goal and rationale that seeks dialectic synthesis between divergent constructions while forming mutual, catalyzing impetuses between varying facets. In essence, the integration of varying technologies in conjunction, connected to real world scenarios and a guiding epistemic framework cultivates effective cross-pollination of ideas and modes through communicative and participatory interaction. As such it also provides greater ease in crosschecking between a multitude of divergent modes playing upon urban design and community development. Since current digital technologies aid in data collection and the synthesis of information, varying factors can be more easily and collectively identified, analyzed, and then simultaneously used in subsequent design configurations. It inherently fosters the not fully realized potential to collectively overlay or montage complex patterns and thoughts seamlessly and to thus subsequently merge a multitude of corresponding design configurations simultaneously within an ongoing, usable database. As a result, the pedagogical process reveals richly textured sociocultural fabrics and thus produces distinct amplifications in complexity and attentive management of diverse issues, while also generating significant narratives and themes for fostering creative and integrative solutions. As a model for urban community and social development, critical environmentalism is further supported the integrative use of digital technologies as an effective means and management for essential, communicative interchange of knowledge and thus rapprochement between divergent modes-of-thought, promoting critical, productive interaction with others in the (co)constructive processes of our life-space.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	ijac20064203
id	ijac20064203
authors	Eng, Markus; Camarata, Ken; Do, Ellen Yi-Luen; Gross, Mark D.
year	2006
title	FlexM: Designing a physical construction kit for 3d modeling
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 4 - no. 2, 27-47
summary	We have designed a hub and strut kit that interfaces to a 3D graphics application. FlexM is a prototype flexible physical interface for manipulating and building 3D geometry. Using the FlexM hub and strut components, designers can build and explore 3D geometry with the ease of a toy and the power of a computer. The hubs transmit the model's topology and geometry to the computer, where the model is rendered on the screen in real time. The paper reports on the iterative development of several versions of the project.
series	journal
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	ijac20064308
id	ijac20064308
authors	Kenzari, Bechir
year	2006
title	Physical Modeling: the Convergence of Cutting-edge Technologies and Miniature Tooling
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 4 - no. 3, 119-134
summary	When Rapid Prototyping and CAD/CAM technologies (including CNC and Laser Cutting) became affordable, ten years ago or so, their reception within model-making circles turned from positive to disappointing because of their incomplete adaptability to the making of architectural objects. Then it was discovered, just few years later, that many modeling details can only be worked out through the use of specific materials, accessories and miniature tools which neither fall under the CNC, Laser or Rapid Prototyping headings. This new situation has implied, among other things, that the status of the model is to be defined in terms of a convergence of particular technological possibilities. Using two specific models as examples, the present article will debate this convergence, which is now allowing a smooth and fluid interaction between several model-making techniques. The tendency of model-making to move closer to the real act of building will also be highlighted.
series	journal
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	2006_128
id	2006_128
authors	Kouzeleas, Stelios Th. and Kimon D. Papadimitriou
year	2006
title	Real-time remote 3D digitizing and modelling
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 128-131
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.128
summary	This paper describes a procedure that feeds remotely a modelling system with geographical coordinates and the relative measurements taken in place in order to model dynamically new entities in real-time. The operation of this system is based on methodologies that are commonly used in telegeoprocessing – telegeomonitoring systems and its purpose is to simulate in real-time an existing environment using the captured measurements. The direct input of geographic data to the proposed system, which is adapted to a modelling environment (CAD or GIS), triggers the creation of new 3D entities in real-time (points, linear or area features), as it could be done with a traditional tablet digitizer. Simultaneously, the proposed system represents thematically the properties of the modelling entities (according to the measured values) over a 3D mesh. The aim of the suggested system is the remote registration of additional spatial information, their adequate treatment and adjustment via special developed interfaces, including their representation via developed software which is applied in the AutoCAD environment because of its programming development support and its use by a variety of engineers.
keywords	Real-time modelling; Digitizing; Cartographic simulation; GIS
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ascaad2006_paper10
id	ascaad2006_paper10
authors	Babsail, Mohammad and Andy Dong
year	2006
title	Sensor-based Aware Environment
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	This paper provides an overview of the requirements for a computational model of a Sensor-Based Aware Environment (SBAE) that integrates sensor technologies with the Building Information Modelling (BIM) in order to sense ambient and physical aspects of the built environment. Wireless sensors sense ambient data of a built environment, process, and communicate these data through an ad-hoc wireless network. The BIM, on the other hand, is based on International Foundation Classes (IFCs) and contains data about the physical infrastructure (i.e. Walls, Windows, doors) and abstract entities (i.e. Spaces, Relationships) and relationships between those entities. Therefore, the proposed computational model could sense real time data that are related to the as-built information model allowing for holistic building state information.
series	ASCAAD
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

_id	sigradi2006_c086a
id	sigradi2006_c086a
authors	Bustos Lopez, Gabriela Ilusion and Vélez Jahn, Gonzalo
year	2006
title	Alternativas de Diseño: Sede virtual interactiva para el Taller Virtual de las Américas [Alternatives of Design: 3D Interactive Virtual Site to "Las Americas Virtual Design Studio"]
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 47-51
summary	Alternatives of Design is a course that aims to prepare architects from the Master Studies Department of Computing in Architecture (LUZ), in two ways: first, by expanding their perspective about potentialities of using new virtual reality technologies in architecture, and second, by qualifying them to apply this acquired theoretical knowledge in their professional environment, The goal of this research is to describe the products of the course Alternatives of Design 2005, which include: a methodology of designing to the cyberspace by using VRML and Java Script, in order to achieve a proposal of a Site to "Las Americas Virtual Design Studio". This site is projected as a digital manager to interactive simulation in multiuser virtual worlds, specifically to virtual architectonical workshops, With this proposal, it is possible to integrate many users, in real time, from different locations on the same virtual world in Internet.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ijac20064405
id	ijac20064405
authors	Calderon, Carlos; Nyman, Karl; Worley, Nicholas
year	2006
title	The Architectural Cinematographer: Creating Architectural Experiences in 3D Real-time Environments
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 4 - no. 4, pp. 71-90
summary	This paper addresses the problem of creating new navigation paradigms for experiencing architectural designs in 3D real-time environments. The exploration of techniques other than still images or fly-through animations is complex and manifold, and requires the understanding and skills of many disciplines including cinematography, computer programming, architectural design and communication of 3D space. In this article, we present the Architectural Cinematographer (AC), a first step towards new navigation paradigms for real-time interactive virtual environments that are intended to enhance architectural walkthroughs with interactive camera effects. The AC is a fully developed modification (mod) of the game UnrealTournament2004™ using the Unreal™ game engine and relies on the notions of architectural concepts, cinematographic techniques and game level design to structure the virtual environment (VE) content in a way that facilitates a perception of design qualities in virtual architecture. AC addresses the current lack of either software or a structured approach to facilitate this in real-time architectural visualizations.
series	journal
more	http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mscp/ijac/2006/00000004/00000004/art00006
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	2006_684
id	2006_684
authors	De Bodt, Kathleen
year	2006
title	SoundScapes & Architectural Spaces - Spatial sound research in digital architectural design
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 684-689
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.684
summary	The paper presents ongoing research focusing on the development of digital tools and methodologies for spatial design based on non-Euclidean geometries. It addresses the way sound can be used both conceptually and acoustically in the early stages of the design process, examining digital architectural design and modeling based on three-dimensional sound visualization and the acoustical analysis and evaluation of complex curved surface geometry. The paper describes SoundMatrix, the first part of a digital design tool created by using Max/Msp/Jitter, to assist in the preliminary design of building façades in small-scale urban environments, specifically studying the possibilities of curvature to decrease sound reflection between opposing street façades. Examples from a workshop with the SoundMatrix application illustrate the real-time 3D authoring and sound spatialisation processing currently implemented in the tool.
keywords	graphical programming; performance-based design; generative design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2006_e172c
id	sigradi2006_e172c
authors	Donath, Dirk and González Böhme, Luis Felipe
year	2006
title	A Constraint-Based Building Bulk Design Support
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 278-282
summary	We introduce an architecture practice-oriented implementation strategy of constraint-based methods called BDS (Building Bulk Design Support) to supporting bulk analysis during the architectural programming phase. We examine the optmization problem of site coverage and building massing according to a set of standard planning and zoning regulations, and try a problem solving approach based on the paradigm of constraint satisfaction problems. The case study, which is focused on the paticipatory planning of very low-income dwellings within the Latin American context, serves as testbed for a prototypical application of the adopted methodology. The BDS constitutes a novel approach on computer-aided bulk analysis, regarding this particularly relevant context of application. In the case of participatively planned low-income housing projects, efficiency regarding time and cost of planning directly affects dwellers’ quality of life, whereas elementary programming tasks such as bulk analysis lack appropriate state-of-the-art technological support. Traditional architectural planning methods demand a large domain-specific knowledge base and skillful planners. A planning process, which is mainly driven by the formulation of planning-relevant constraints and sets of solution alternatives, suggests to avoid architects’ traditional procedure of: 1. Create an (yet not necessarily valid) instance of the eventual design solution by directly choosing specific values for its shape parameters. 2. Evaluate its validity by confronting the designed model to a set of applicable constraints, which have to be satisfied. Instead, the constraint-based design methodology poses a search procedure that operates in a space of pertinent constraint sets. A computer-aided interactive search procedure to find more valid design solution alternatives in less time and with less effort is particularly qualified to supply efficient support for participatory planning activities carried out between dwellers and planners. The set of solutions for a building-bulk design problem is constrained by both a large complex system of planning and zoning regulations and the geometry of the eventual design solution itself. Given a considerable amount of such regulations, a regular size geometric constraint satisfaction system proved to be capable of providing a highly efficient, interactive modeling and evaluation tool for the formulation in real time of valid solution alternatives for an ordinary building-bulk design problem. A BDS implementation will constitute one system module of a larger integrated system model called Esther. A BDS tool shall interact with other functional modules, like e.g. the FLS (Floor plan Layout Support), which also uses constraint-based design methods.
keywords	constraint-based design; bulk analysis; participatory planning; low-income housing; design theory; design proces
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:50

_id	acadia06_304
id	acadia06_304
authors	Dorta, T., Perez, E.
year	2006
title	Immersive Drafted Virtual Reality a new approach for ideation within virtual reality
source	Synthetic Landscapes [Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Design in Architecture] pp. 304-316
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2006.304
summary	There is a void between design and computer in ideation. Traditional tools like sketching are more appropriate for conceptual design since they can sustain abstraction, ambiguity, and inaccuracy—essentials at the beginning of the design process. Actual graphical user interface approaches, as well as hardware devices, constrain creative thinking. Computer representations and virtual reality are now used for presentation and validation rather than for design. Most virtual reality tools are seen as passive rather than active instruments in this process of ideation. Moreover, virtual reality techniques come from other disciplines and are applied to design without considering the design process itself and the skills designers already possess.This paper proposes and evaluates a new approach for the conceptual design of spaces within virtual reality. Starting from the non-immersive technique we developed before, where the user was able to be inside a 3D modeled space through real sketches, this technique goes one step further, allowing the designer to sketch the space from the inside all in real-time. Using an interactive pen display for sketching and an immersive projective spherical display, designers and colleagues are able to propose and make design decisions from inside the project. The capabilities of the computer to display the virtual environment are, therefore, mixed with the designer’s skills in sketching and understanding the space.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2006_e145a
id	sigradi2006_e145a
authors	Heiss, Leah
year	2006
title	Empathy over distance: Wearables as tools for augmenting Remote Emotional Connection
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 66-69
summary	Mainstream communication modes emphasise network speed, connection access, resolution, portability, and aesthetic design as primary to the success of their products. Within this vision a three by four centimetre screen and high resolution display are deemed adequate to emulate the intensities and complexities of face-to-face connection with loved ones. They allow us to ‘be there with you’ from wherever we might be. Yet interpersonal communication is a massively complex phenomenon. It involves a plethora of micro-activities which occur at a physical, physiological, and psychological level allowing us to recognise at a cellular scale intention, motive and emotional authenticity. Our conscious and non-conscious involvement in spatially collocated communication is substantial due to these myriad channels of real-time bi-directional information transfer. While contemporary communications technologies have the capacity to mediate our relationships, they fall short of encouraging the richness of spatially co-present interaction. The research discussed in this paper investigates the potential expansion of remote connection when electronically enhanced apparel is incorporated into the communications mix. Rather than pursuing the manifold functionalities of traditional communications media the garments discussed focus solely on the goal of enhancing empathy between physically distant individuals. This paper reports on the development and testing of a range of garments that conduct presence information between remotely located people. The garments sense, process, transmit and receive the heartbeat wavelength (ECG). They are enabled with ECG sensors, signal processing equipment, small vibration motors, and radio transceivers which allow users to ‘feel’ the heartbeat of a remote friend/lover/relative as vibration through their garment. The prototypes aim to enrich the remote communications experience through reintroducing an embodied, tactile dimension that is present in face-to-face communication. A range of user testing trials will be discussed which have been undertaken to assess the impact of the garments at a conscious and a non-conscious level. Conscious experiences were gauged through qualitative testing, by way of interviews and unsolicited written reactions, which have provided a range of engaging emotional responses. Non-conscious physiological reactions were assessed by recording ECG throughout user-testing periods. This data has been processed using HRV (heart rate variability) analysis software, running on MatLab. Preliminary results suggest that users have strong conscious and non-conscious reactions to the experience of wearing the prototype garments. The paper will describe the data processing techniques and findings of the user testing trials. The development of biosignal sensing garments has raised a range of issues including: innovative potentials for embedded peripheral awareness media; the expansion of the classical body to incorporate remotely sensed information; the issue of data semantics and the development of intensely personal non-verbal languages; and the issue of corporeal privacy when one’s biological information is exposed for potential download. They also bring into question how our bodily experiences might change when we incorporate remote sensory systems.
keywords	Enabled apparel; emotional tools; biosignals
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

_id	2006_436
id	2006_436
authors	Kaimakamis, Nikolaos and Dimitris Charitos
year	2006
title	Computer mediated political communication: An empirical approach towards representing political action in the spatial context of Collaborative Virtual Environments - The rise of a virtual-space dependent public sphere
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 436-443
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.436
summary	This study focuses on the creation of three-dimensional online spaces, known as Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs), where mediated social interaction amongst participants takes place in real time. It attempts to examine whether it is possible for political communication to flourish in such environments, as a case study of the design aspects needed to be taken into account in creating communicating spaces. We entered the collaborative virtual environment “There” as an avatar and monitored the agenda setting of its two major media. The fact that the whole world is designed as an island complex and holiday resort has an impact on the unwillingness of the avatars to talk about world politics, or even deal with the worlds’ political issues in the official media. Our main conclusion is that public sphere as conceived by those who enter a CVE relies heavily on the way that the world itself is designed. This leads to a series of questions concerning the role of architecture in creating virtual spatial contexts for communication.
keywords	Collaborative Virtual Environments; political communication; virtual reality; public sphere
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2006_495
id	caadria2006_495
authors	R. SATO, W. YEO, A. KAGA, M. OYAMA
year	2006
title	NEW METHODS FOR URBAN DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE USING THE VR TECHNIQUE AND ANALYSIS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCE
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 495-501
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.p0n
summary	Urban plan and architecture require the use of VR systems. We adapted the buildings into a VR system, and then performed a virtual realization in the world’s largest dome at Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Walking or flying through life-size space was enabled. We viewed the planned future scenes that featured real size, space composition, and a simulated environment. The construction, the materials and colors of the building were examined. In addition, VR system on PC was applied to city planning and architectural design and a number of novel functions were added to the VR system by plug-in, which assisted and facilitated the design process. The stereoscopic thinking mode in 3-D space can inspire and comprehend more directly the ideas of design, and confirm the intended effects. We accordingly carried out a further study on users operating the VR system to investigate their responses of “like” or “dislike” towards the real time adjustments of design effect at identical viewpoints. Fractals analysis was conducted to demonstrate physically the influence of real time 3-dimentional design and presentation on the psychological trends of subjective judgment. Our findings pave the way for future research on monitoring psychological impacts on observers of VR system during design process.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	2006_566
id	2006_566
authors	Rafi, Ahmad; Mohamad Izani Zainal Abidin; Avijit Paul and Aishah Abdul Razak
year	2006
title	Simulation of architectural lighting in a virtual environment - A case study on real and fake High Dynamic Range Images (HDRI)
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 566-572
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.566
summary	The early findings of this research were presented in eCAADe 2005 International Conference, Lisbon primarily to highlight the concept of High Dynamic Range Images (HDRI) when representing architectural spaces in the form of still images. An experiment had been carried out to compare the results between HDRI rendering and ‘conventional’ lighting simulation algorithms namely ray tracing and radiosity. The results were based on static and using the same exposure factors, when capturing HDRI. This project, funded by Intensification Research Priority Area (IRPA) grant continues to present and report HDRI results in a simulation environment. In this paper, we first briefly explain on the concept of real and fake HDRI. Then a comparison experiment is conducted to compare these two methods and discuss the impact and effectiveness of the illumination computation in architectural simulation environment. In order to carry out the experiment, a few models of the architectural scenes were developed. These models were then textured with real photos and manipulated with ‘shaders’, and further rendered using fake and real HDRI techniques. As for the fake HDRI, two methods were developed. The first was using an image as the ambient map and different exposures were created by increasing the value of Hue, V of HSV and saturation. The second involved a series of digital photos with the selection of the brightest and darkest area using Adobe Photoshop to establish the scale of luminosity. A few camera movements were triggered and position for ‘real-time’ rendering simulation. The result of the experiment has shown a significant improvement on the rendering time and quality of the rendering. Finally this paper suggests the selection criteria for choosing real and fake HDRI, and how each technique can be best utilized for architectural representations in a simulation environment.
keywords	HDRI; simulation; Real HDRI;Fake HDRI; illumination computation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	bsct_tsiopoulou
id	bsct_tsiopoulou
authors	Tsiopoulou, Chamaidi
year	2006
title	Calibrated Sky Luminance Maps for Daylight Simulation
source	Vienna University of Technology; Building Science & Technology
summary	Building design and control applications can benefit from daylight simulation. Sky models help to model the sky conditions and predict the availability of daylight in indoor environments. Sky luminance is changing according to the weather, the season of the year and the time of the day, therefore it is difficult to create an accurate sky model. The simplified models that are currently used for computational simulation do not take into account these constant changes. It is important to test if there is the possibility of creating a sky model that approaches the characteristics of real sky and provides the architects with more precise daylight predictions. As past research has demonstrated, relatively low-cost sky luminance mapping via digital imaging can provide an alternative to highly sophisticated sky scanners and support the provision of information on sky luminance distribution patterns on a more pervasive basis. The aim of this research is first to explore the potential of deriving sky luminance distribution maps based on digital imaging and then to test their efficiency for the prediction of indoor daylight. A comparison is made between the predictions based on existing sky models (CIE Standard Skies and Perez All-weather sky) and the camera-based sky model. Thus, the effects of the selection of the sky model on indoor daylighting prediction are explored. A set of measurements were performed at the roof of the TU Vienna in order to obtain the necessary data. The horizontal illuminance levels due to 12 sky sectors were measured with the help of a sky monitoring device. A scale (1:5) model of an architectural space was used to measure the indoor illuminance values with the help of three sensors. At the same time, images of the sky were obtained with the help of a digital camera with a fish-eye converter. Luminance values were derived from the images and four calibration methods were used to generate accurate sky luminance distribution maps. These variously calibrated luminance values were then compared with the corresponding photometric measurements. Finally, the application of a digitally derived sky model based on the best calibration method was compared with the other two sky models toward the prediction of indoor illuminance levels using the case of the scale model. The results demonstrated that the camera-based sky model was more reliable than the other two sky models. It was concluded that digital imaging combined with parallel photometric calibration can provide a valuable means for a real-time generation of sky luminance maps. Detailed sky luminance models can be generated and their application can increase the predictive accuracy of the computational daylight prediction tools. Moreover, the reliability of daylight simulation can be increased toward supporting the design process and the operation of daylighting systems in buildings.
keywords	Daylight simulation; sky luminance mapping; digital imaging; sky models.
series	thesis:MSc
type	normal paper
email
more	http://cec.tuwien.ac.at
last changed	2006/07/02 22:33

_id	2006_366
id	2006_366
authors	Voigt, Andreas and Bob Martens
year	2006
title	Development of 3D Tactile Models for the Partially Sighted to Facilitate Spatial Orientation
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 366-370
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.366
summary	Lacking or poor provision of comprehensive information about the spatial environment for the purposes of effective orientation is a problem that primarily affects the blind and partially sighted, but it can also cause difficulties for older people with increasing visual impairment. This research project in progress aims to obtain new scientific findings with regard to the basic suitability and required composition of tactile models to facilitate spatial orientation for the blind and partially sighted. Tactile scale models serve as an orientation aid. Their intention is to make it easier for visually impaired people to “experience” selected structural characteristics of the real space, even if in scaled-down form. This experience allows them to experiment with space and to better recognize spatial elements and their interrelationships. It also helps them to better recognize subspaces, possible spatial sequences, as well as decision-making situations in these spaces. These tactile processes are supported by the highly sensitive tactile faculties of people with visual impairment, which are far more finely differentiated than those of sighted people who experience objects without this disability. The amount of available digital model data is constantly growing and would allow for the creation of tactile models.
keywords	rapid prototyping; 3D printing (3DP); visual impairment; scale modeling; haptical interface
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ascaad2006_paper8
id	ascaad2006_paper8
authors	Abdullah, Sajid; Ramesh Marasini and Munir Ahmad
year	2006
title	An Analysis of the Applications of Rapid Prototyping in Architecture
source	Computing in Architecture / Re-Thinking the Discourse: The Second International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2006), 25-27 April 2006, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
summary	Rapid prototyping (RP) techniques are widely used within the design/manufacturing industry and are well established in manufacturing industry. These digital techniques offer quick and accurate prototypes with relatively low cost when we require exact likeness to a particular scale and detail. 3D modeling of buildings on CAD-systems in the AEC sector is now becoming more popular and becoming widely used practice as the higher efficiency of working with computers is being recognized. However the building of scaled physical representations is still performed manually, which generally requires a high amount of time. Complex post-modernist building forms are more faithfully and easily represented in a solid visualization form, than they could be using traditional model making methods. Using RP within the engineering community has given the users the possibility to communicate and visualize designs with greater ease with the clients and capture any error within the CAD design at an early stage of the project or product lifecycle. In this paper, the application of RP in architecture is reviewed and the possibilities of modeling architectural models are explored. A methodology of developing rapid prototypes with 3D CAD models using methods of solid freeform manufacturing in particular Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is presented and compared against traditional model making methods. An economical analysis is presented and discussed using a case study and the potential of applying RP techniques to architectural models is discussed.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2007/04/08 19:47

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