Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

PDF papers
References

Hits 1 to 20 of 623

Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	ddss2006-pb-101
id	DDSS2006-PB-101
authors	Aloys W.J. Borgers, I.M.E. Smeets, A.D.A.M. Kemperman, and H.J.P. Timmermans
year	2006
title	Simulation of Micro Pedestrian Behaviour in Shopping Streets
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Progress in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, ISBN-10: 90-386-1756-9, ISBN-13: 978-90-386-1756-5, p. 101-116
summary	Over the years, scholars have developed various models of pedestrian movement. These models can be used to assess the effects of detailed design decisions or to predict pedestrian behaviour under conditions of crowding. To date, not much attention has been paid to pedestrians' shopping behaviour at the micro level. Therefore, the main purpose of this project is to test a model that aims at simulating micro pedestrian behaviour in shopping streets, including entering shops. The model assumes a detailed network of links to represent the structure of street segments and entrances to the shops. The basic principle underlying the model is that a pedestrian moves from one link in the network to another, adjacent link. In fact, a pedestrian enters a segment at one side, heading for the other side of the segment. However, a pedestrian might enter the segment by leaving a shop as well. Then, the pedestrian might be heading for either side of the segment. While transferring from the current link to the next link, the pedestrian will be attracted by the shops along both sides of the street. The study area is Antwerp's main shopping street. During a one-week workshop in July 2004, students observed pedestrian movement in this shopping street. An inventory of some physical characteristics of the shopping street was made and pedestrians were tracked through two separate segments of the shopping street. In total, 334 pedestrians were tracked. A conventional multinomial logit model is used to simulate pedestrians' micro behaviour. The process of consecutively selecting links continues until the pedestrian has reached one of the terminal links or a shop. The model performs very well. Simulated routes were used to assess the validity of the model. Observed and simulated link loading correspond fairly well, however, the model seems to slightly mispredict the attraction of a number of shops.
keywords	Micro pedestrian behaviour, Shopping street, Simulation
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	sigradi2006_e048c
id	sigradi2006_e048c
authors	Beck, Mateus Paulo; Brener, Rafael; Giustina, Marcelo and Turkienicz, Benamy
year	2006
title	Light and Form in Design – A Computational Approach
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 254-257
summary	Shape perception is strongly influenced by the reciprocal relation between light and form. Computational applications can increase the number of design alternatives taking into account possible variations in the relation between light and form. The aim of this study is to discuss a pedagogical experience carried out with 5th semester architectural students, based on a series of exercises prior to the term project. The exercises were concerned with the relation between light and form from an aesthetical point of view and should be understood as examples for the use of computers as tools to creatively accelerate the process of design and learning. The paper is divided in five parts. The first one describes the conceptual background for the exercises, a descriptive method for the identification of light effects in architectural objects based on ideas of shape emergence. The exercises’ methodology is explained in the second part, referring to the use of computational applications in 3-dimensional modeling, material and light simulation. The methodology includes different phases: –creation of bi-dimensional compositions according to symmetry operations; –creation of a minimal living space assigning functions to spaces originated from the former composition; –analysis of the impact of light on the form and spaces created; –alteration of form and materials creating new light effects considering the functions related to the spaces. The exercises alternate work in computational environment in two and three dimensions with the use of mockups, lamps and photography. In the third part the results –student’s design steps– are described. In the fourth part the results are analyzed and some conclusions are outlined in the fifth and last part. The use of emergent forms combined with computational tools has proved to be an effective way to achieve an accelerated understanding of the impact of light on forms as demonstrated by the evolution of the students work during the term and by their final results concerning the term project.
keywords	Architectural Design; Lighting; Design Simulation; Virtual Environment
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	sigradi2006_e070c
id	sigradi2006_e070c
authors	Cardoso, Daniel
year	2006
title	Controlled Unpredictability: Constraining Stochastic Search as a Form-Finding Method for Architectural Design
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 263-267
summary	Provided with a strict set of rules a computer program can perform the role of a simple designer. Taking advantage of a computer’s processing power, it can also provide an unlimited number of variations in the form while following a given set of constraints. This paper delineates a model for interrelating a rule-based system based on purely architectural considerations with non-deterministic computational procedures in order to provide controlled variations and constrained unpredictability. The experimental model consists of a verisimilar architectural problem, the design of a residential tower with a strict program of 200 units of different types in a given site. Following the interpretation of the program, a set of rules is defined by considering architectural concerns such as lighting, dimensions, circulations, etc. These rules are then encoded in a program that generates form in an unsupervised manner by means of a stochastic search algorithm. Once the program generates a design it’s evaluated, and the parameters on the constraints are adjusted in order to produce a new design. This paper presents a description of the architectural problem and of the rule building process, images and descriptions of three different towers produced, and the code for the stochastic-search algorithm used for generating the form. The succesful evolution of the experiments show how in a computation-oriented design process the interpretation of the problem and the rule setting process play a major role in the production of meaningful form, outlining the shifting role of human designers from form-makers to rule-builders in a computation-oriented design endeavour.
keywords	Architectural Design; Stochastic; Random; Rule-based systems; Form-generation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:48

_id	ijac20064101
id	ijac20064101
authors	Cheng, Nancy Yen-Wen
year	2006
title	Learning design sketching from animations and storyboards
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 4 - no. 1, 1-17
summary	A digital pen-and-paper system that generates stroke-by-stroke animations was used to compare the perception of interactive animations versus printed storyboards. Design students studied a space-planning example as either an animation or a storyboard and then emulated the example in doing a similar problem. Students viewing the animations rather than the storyboards performed marginally better in terms of matching the example steps and meeting design quality criteria. Students may understand the process of design sketching, but may lack the skills to copy the steps. Emulating the solution requires both cognitive skills and graphic facility. While beginners could logically organize spatial adjacencies, they often radically resized required program areas to streamline geometry. After organizing building spaces, they lacked the graphic conventions to articulate architectural features, so they could not copy refinement steps. Subjects at all levels used approximately the same number of strokes, with more productive sketching from advanced subjects.
keywords	Teaching with Technology; Sketching; Design Teaching; Pen-Based Computing
series	journal
email
more	http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mscp/ijac/2006/00000004/00000001/art00002
last changed	2007/03/04 07:08

_id	bsct_dervishi
id	bsct_dervishi
authors	Dervishi, Sokol
year	2006
title	Computational Derivation of Incident Irradiance on Building Facades based on Measured Global Horizontal Irradiance Data
source	Vienna University of Technology; Building Science & Technology
summary	Reliable simulation of buildings' energy performance requires, amongst other things, the availability of detailed information on the magnitudes of incident solar radiation on building facades. However, the availability of the measured data concerning the incident solar radiation on vertical surfaces is restricted to only few locations. In addition, concurrent measurements of horizontal global and horizontal diffuse (or direct normal) irradiance data are likewise available only for a limited number of locations. In contrast, global horizontal irradiance data is available for many locations. This research demonstrates how to computationally derive incident irradiance values on vertical (or otherwise inclined) building surfaces from measured globalirradiance values. Given this context, three methods are considered to compute incident vertical irradiance values based on measured global horizontal irradiance data. Vertical solar irradiance measurements are described. Then, the computationally derived values are compared withcorresponding measurements. The results are evaluated based on their correlation coefficients and relative error. Finally, the application of horizontal-to- vertical irradiance mapping is demonstrated using the case of an office building at Vienna University of Technology.
keywords	Horizontal and vertical irradiance, measurement and simulation, energy performance
series	thesis:MSc
type	normal paper
email
more	http://cec.tuwien.ac.at
last changed	2006/07/02 22:30

_id	ddss2006-hb-251
id	DDSS2006-HB-251
authors	E.W.T.M. Heurkens
year	2006
title	Decision-Making on Olympic Urban Development - A multi-actor decision support tool
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 251-262
summary	Subject of study is the possible organisation of the Olympic Games of 2028 in the Netherlands, as seen from an urban development viewpoint. The project focuses on the decision-making process in the initiative phase. Aim of the project is the development of a decision support tool for the complex, interdisciplinary decision-making process which should result in an optimum interorganisational design. The methodology used to find the optimum choice is the combination of sub-solutions. Preference Measurement modelling based on a multi-criteria decision analysis is the technique employed. The group decision is a choice out of a number of Olympic urban development combinations, which is made in such a way that the preferred combination is the 'best' among the possible candidates for all relevant stakeholders.
keywords	Combination of sub-solutions, Group decision-making, Olympic urban development, Optimum interorganisational design, Preference measurement modelling
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	sigradi2006_c192b
id	sigradi2006_c192b
authors	Fernández, Mónica Inés and Piegari, Ricardo Gustavo
year	2006
title	Una experiencia en modalidad e-learning para el aprendizaje en arquitectura. Nuevas prácticas y actores en el mundo digital. [An experience in e-learning modality for the learning in architecture. New practices and actors in the digital world]
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 147-152
summary	As members of the Network ALFA-T-GAMEL3: Teaching computer Graphics And MultimEdia, LifeLongLearning, focused on the “Management of university outreach services”, and making use of the new digital technologies and to the instruction and pedagogic methods related to e-learning modality, the International Seminar “Digital Image and Sound.” has been organized, thus materializing a Pilot Course comprising four subjects and six workshops. For our course: “Digital Representation of Architecture”, an investigation was conducted about the transformations of teaching in the digital world for the learning of Architecture, focusing on the practices and players involved in this modality, as well as on the technologies involved in the coordination and distribution of knowledge. The main objectives of the paper were: revalorization of the format adopted by the practices related to the teaching/learning process in e-l, the contribution of the different “players” and the possibilities of the LMS as support platforms in the virtual campus.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:51

_id	a126
id	a126
authors	Finucane E, Derix C and Coates P
year	2006
title	Evolving Urban Structures using Computational Optimisation
source	Proceedings of the Generative Arts conference, Milan, 2006
summary	This paper investigates the use of computer analogies for naturally inspired optimisation techniques as an aid to developing the site layout and massing for the new World Trade Centre development in Pristina Kosovo, which is being designed and developed by 4M Group architectural company, in conjunction with the Advanced Modelling Group Aedas. The development of a genetic algorithm will incorporate various techniques, that have been developed in the field of multi-objective optimisation, to create three dimensional massing models, and site layout solutions which partially fulfil the Prisina brief requirements, which are taken from specifications created by 4M Group. Genetic algorithms are based on natural evolutionary principles which are explained in this paper. It will incorporate Pareto concepts to manage the optimisation of the various objective functions. For example, these will include volume and position of units, which will ensure that the different and sometime conflicting needs of the site are balanced throughout the optimisation. This type of problem is often known as an NP-complete (non-determinate polynomial time) problem. This will provide architects and planners with a number of Pareto optimised site massing solutions as an aid to the design process. An initial investigation into the specifics of the Pristina site requirements, will be followed by an investigation into the the genetic algorithm which is created in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) linked with AutoCAD as the graphical output of the code. The embryology (development) of the various solutions from the genetic information incorporates an ‘ant’ pheromone trail model, which simulates the action of ants during food foraging, as a tool for initial route planning within the site. Diffusion and cellular automata are used during the development of the solution to construct the massing for the site.
keywords	urban planning, evolutionary algorithms, pareto optimization, Lindenmayer systems, ant-colony optimization, cellular automaton
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.generativeart.com/
last changed	2012/09/20 18:33

_id	2006_058
id	2006_058
authors	Fukuda, Tomohiro; Kazuhiro Sakata; Wookhyun Yeo and Atsuko Kaga
year	2006
title	Development and Evaluation of a Close-range View Representation Method of Natural Elements in a Real-time Simulation for Environmental Design - Shadow, Grass, and Water Surface
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.058
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 58-65
summary	In this research, a close-range view expression method used in real-time simulation based on virtual reality technology is developed for environmental design evaluation. After describing the purpose and accuracy of representation, the problem of natural element representation in a close-range view, which has not been developed yet, is clarified. Next, the close-range view expression method of shadows, grass, and water surface is developed. Furthermore, the developed method is applied to a number of actual environmental design projects, and frame rate measurement and user evaluation are performed.
keywords	Environmental Design; Real-time Simulation; Virtual Reality; Consensus-building; Representation of natural elements
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ddss2006-hb-203
id	DDSS2006-HB-203
authors	Gerhard Zimmermann
year	2006
title	Multi-Agent Model to Multi-Process Transformation - A housing market case study
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 203-219
summary	Simulation is a means to help urban planners and investors to optimize inhabitant satisfaction and return on investment. An example is the optimal match between household preferences and property profiles. The problem is that not enough knowledge exists yet about dynamic user activity models to build reliable and realistic simulators. Therefore, we propose a modeling and software technique that produces simulator prototypes very efficiently for the development, test, and evaluation of many different user activity models, using executable models, code generation, and a domain specific software process. As a specific feature, the model is based on many agents acting independently from each other and that are mapped in several refinement steps into the same number of concurrent processes. The housing example is used as a case study to explain the process and show performance results.
keywords	Agent technology, User activity modeling, User activity simulation, Software engineering, Code generation, Software process
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	ascaad2007_060
id	ascaad2007_060
authors	Gillispie, D. and C. Calderon
year	2007
title	A framework towards designing responsive public information systems
source	Em‘body’ing Virtual Architecture: The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 767-782
summary	"Evolving effective responsive systems, and creating a credible interface between the work and the user, requires an awareness of many different types of user, contexts and functions as well as the phenomenological aspects of social and environmental conditions." (Bullivant, 2006). Responsive design and interactive architecture operates at the intersection of Architecture, Arts, Technology, Media Arts, HCI and Interaction Design in a physical context suggesting ways in which the existing physical environments can be augmented and extended adding a greater level of depth, meaning and engagement with the world around us. Through a series of case studies, this paper explores a number of principles which may be applied to the design of responsive environments of which public information systems form part. Divided into three main sections, the paper first explains how responsive environments have addressed the application of public information systems, secondly, through a series of case studies, precedents are highlighted which lead to development of principles for developing designs for responsive environments. The third section discusses and elaborates on these principles which have been developed based upon our own interpretations and grouping of precedents and approaches towards interaction design. This paper contributes towards the field of responsive environments and interactive architecture through an analysis of case studies to infer a framework from which responsive environments may be created and developed.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2008/01/21 22:00

_id	caadria2006_053
id	caadria2006_053
authors	HALIL ERHAN
year	2006
title	LEARNING FROM MASTERS: ACADEMIC APPRENTICESHIP MODEL FOR COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN EDUCATION
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2006.x.i3p
source	CAADRIA 2006 [Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Kumamoto (Japan) March 30th - April 2nd 2006, 53-61
summary	Education is taking a new shape for the emerging needs of society. A considerable number of schools and disciplines are adapting active and cooperative learning to foster critical thinking and cognitive skill gaining. Design computation discipline also has to search for new models in education and experiment with these to evolve. This paper presents the current status in other disciplines. The lessons learned are used to develop the Academic Apprenticeship Model for teaching design computation courses.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2006_e090b
id	sigradi2006_e090b
authors	Hanna, Sean and Turner, Alasdair
year	2006
title	Teaching parametric design in code and construction
source	SIGraDi 2006 - [Proceedings of the 10th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Santiago de Chile - Chile 21-23 November 2006, pp. 158-161
summary	Automated manufacturing processes with the ability to translate digital models into physical form promise both an increase in the complexity of what can be built, and through rapid prototyping, a possibility to experiment easily with tangible examples of the evolving design. The increasing literacy of designers in computer languages, on the other hand, offers a new range of techniques through which the models themselves might be generated. This paper reviews the results of an integrated parametric modelling and digital manufacturing workshop combining participants with a background in computer programming with those with a background in fabrication. Its aim was both to encourage collaboration in a domain that overlaps both backgrounds, as well as to explore the ways in which the two working methods naturally extend the boundaries of traditional parametric design. The types of projects chosen by the students, the working methods adopted and progress made will be discussed in light of future educational possibilities, and of the future direction of parametric tools themselves. Where standard CAD constructs isolated geometric primitives, parametric models allow the user to set up a hierarchy of relationships, deferring such details as specific dimension and sometimes quantity to a later point. Usually these are captured by a geometric schema. Many such relationships in real design however, can not be defined in terms of geometry alone. Logical operations, environmental effects such as lighting and air flow, the behaviour of people and the dynamic behaviour of materials are all essential design parameters that require other methods of definition, including the algorithm. It has been our position that the skills of the programmer are necessary in the future of design. Bentley’s Generative Components software was used as the primary vehicle for the workshop design projects. Built within the familiar Microstation framework, it enables the construction of a parametric model at a range of different interfaces, from purely graphic through to entirely code based, thus allowing the manipulation of such non-geometric, algorithmic relationships as described above. Two-dimensional laser cutting was the primary fabrication method, allowing for rapid manufacturing, and in some cases iterative physical testing. The two technologies have led in the workshop to working methods that extend the geometric schema: the first, by forcing an explicit understanding of design as procedural, and the second by encouraging physical experimentation and optimisation. The resulting projects have tended to focus on responsiveness to conditions either coded or incorporated into experimental loop. Examples will be discussed. While programming languages and geometry are universal in intent, their constraints on the design process were still notable. The default data structures of computer languages (in particular the rectangular array) replace one schema limitation with another. The indexing of data in this way is conceptually hard-wired into much of our thinking both in CAD and in code. Thankfully this can be overcome with a bit of programming, but the number of projects which have required this suggests that more intuitive, or spatial methods of data access might be developed in the future.
keywords	generative design; parametric model; teaching
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

_id	32b4
id	32b4
authors	Heylighen, Ann; Casaer, Mathias; Neuckermans, Herman
year	2006
title	UNAWARE: SUPPORTING TACIT DESIGN KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE
source	International Journal of Web-Based Communities, Volume 2, Number 1, Jan 2006, pp.31-44
summary	DYNAMO (Dynamic Architectural Memory Online) is an interactive platform to share ideas, knowledge and insights in the form of concrete building projects among designers in different contexts and at different levels of expertise. Interaction with various user groups revealed two major thresholds: submitting project material to the platform takes time, effort, and specific skills; in addition, designers tend to sense a psychological threshold to share their ideas and insights with others. In response to this ‘free-ridership’, the paper proposes to conceive DYNAMO as an associative network of projects, and develops ideas about how the links in this network can be determined and updated by exploiting insights implicitly available in project documentation and user (inter)actions. This should allow DYNAMO to learn from the insights of all designers using the platform, active contributors and ‘free-riders’ alike, without any awareness on their side and to apply these insights to continuously enhance its performance.
keywords	architectural design; self-organisation; usage logs; connectionism
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2006/02/01 14:28

_id	2006_114
id	2006_114
authors	Hirschberg, Urs; Allen Sayegh; Martin Frühwirth and Stefan Zedlacher
year	2006
title	3D Motion Tracking in Architecture - Turning Movement into Form - Emerging Uses of a New Technology
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2006.114
source	Communicating Space(s) [24th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 0-9541183-5-9] Volos (Greece) 6-9 September 2006, pp. 114-121
summary	Tracking in space is an important bridge between physical and virtual environments. Optical 3D motion capture systems have become standards in the special effects industry and are increasingly common in medical applications, as well as in Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) set-ups. Beyond these applications, there are a number of emerging uses for such systems in architectural design. The possibility to track complex movements in space in real time and at high precision can open up new modes of interacting with spaces, and of generating movement as form as part of an architectural design process. What makes these possibilities particularly interesting for architectural investigations is that they don’t have to be limited to a single user, but can happen in a collaborative way, involving many users simultaneously. After briefly explaining the technical aspects of the technology, an overview of such emerging uses is discussed. As an illustration of this potential, the results of a recent workshop are presented, in which a group of architecture students explored the hidden beauty of everyday movements and turned them into sculptural objects.
keywords	Motion Tracking; Animation; Design Process; Augmented Reality; Digital Fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	d34b
id	d34b
authors	Horne M, Thompson E
year	2007
title	Virtual Reality and 3D modelling in built environment education
source	CONVR2007 7th Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, Penn State University, USA, 22-23 October 2007
summary	This study builds upon previous research on the integration of Virtual Reality (VR) within the built environment curriculum and aims to investigate the role of Virtual Reality and three-dimensional (3D) computer modelling on learning and teaching in a school of the built environment. In order to achieve this aim a number of academic experiences were analysed to explore the applicability and viability of 3D computer modelling and Virtual Reality (VR) into built environment subject areas. Although two-dimensional representations have been greatly accepted by built environment professions and education, three-dimensional computer representations and VR applications, offering interactivity and immersiveness, are not yet widely accepted. The project builds on previous studies which focused on selecting and implementing appropriate VR strategies and technologies (Horne and Hamza, 2006) and offers an approach on how three-dimensional computer modelling and virtual reality may be integrated into built environment teaching. It identifies the challenges and perceived benefits of doing so by academic staff and reports on the systematic approach which was adopted by Northumbria University, School of the Built Environment, to raise awareness of VR technologies across the spectrum of built environment disciplines. A selection of case studies is presented which illustrate how VR and 3D modelling have been integrated to extend traditional forms of representation and enhance the students’ learning experience. The attitudes perceptions, opinions and concerns of academic staff in regards to use of 3D and VR technologies in their teaching are discussed
keywords	Virtual Reality, 3D computer modelling, built environment, curriculum.
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2008/03/14 00:08

_id	acadia07_040
id	acadia07_040
authors	Hyde, Rory
year	2007
title	Punching Above Your Weight: Digital Design Methods and Organisational Change in Small Practice
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.040
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 40-47
summary	Expanding bodies of knowledge imply expanding teams to manage this knowledge. Paradoxically, it can be shown that in situations of complexity—which increasingly characterise the production of architecture generally—the small practice or small team could be at an advantage. This is due to the increasingly digital nature of the work undertaken and artefacts produced by practices, enabling production processes to be augmented with digital toolsets and for tight project delivery networks to be forged with other collaborators and consultants (Frazer 2006). Furthermore, as Christensen argues, being small may also be desirable, as innovations are less likely to be developed by large, established companies (Christensen 1997). By working smarter, and managing the complexity of design and construction, not only can the small practice “punch above its weight” and compete with larger practices, this research suggests it is a more appropriate model for practice in the digital age. This paper demonstrates this through the implementation of emerging technologies and strategies including generative and parametric design, digital fabrication, and digital construction. These strategies have been employed on a number of built and un-built case-study projects in a unique collaboration between RMIT University’s SIAL lab and the award-winning design practice BKK Architects.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ddss2006-hb-85
id	DDSS2006-HB-85
authors	J.A.M. Borsboom-van Beurden, R.J.A. van Lammeren, T. Hoogerwerf, and A.A. Bouwman
year	2006
title	Linking Land Use Modelling and 3D Visualisation - A mission impossible?
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 85-101
summary	Additional to the traditional land use maps 3D visualisation could provide valuable information for applications in the field of spatial planning, related to ecological and agricultural policy issues. Maps of future land use do not always reveal the appearance of the physical environment (the perceived landscape) as a result of land use changes. This means that 3D visualisations might shed light on other aspects of changed land use, such as expected differences in height or densities of new volume objects, or the compatibility of these changes with particular characteristics of the landscape or urban built environment. The Land Use Scanner model was applied for the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency's 'Sustainability Outlook' to explore land use changes, followed by GIS analyses to asses both the development of nature areas and the degree of urbanisation within protected national landscapes. Since it was felt that 3D visualisation could complement the resulting land use maps, the land use model output was coupled to 3D visualisation software in two different ways: 1) through Studio Max software in combination with iconic representation of the concerned land use types and 2) through 3D components of GIS software. However, the use of these techniques on a national scale level for the generation of semi-realistic 3D animations raised a number of conceptual and technical problems. These could be partly ascribed to the particular format and of the Land Use Scanner output. This paper discusses the methods and techniques which have been used to couple the output of the land use model to 3D software, the results of both approaches, and possible solutions for these problems.
keywords	Land use models, 3D visualisation, Policy-making
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	ddss2006-hb-151
id	DDSS2006-HB-151
authors	Jean-Marie Boussier, P. Estraillier, D. Sarramia, and M. Augeraud
year	2006
title	Approach to Design Behavioural Models for Traffic Network Users - Choice of transport mode
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 151-166
summary	Our research work concerns the development of a multimodal urban traffic simulator designed to be a tool of decision-making aid similar to a game wherein the user-player can test different scenarios by immersion in a 3D virtual city. Our approach is based on the activity-based model and the multi-agent technology. The implemented result is a hybrid simulator connecting numerical simulation and behavioural aspects coming from real data. This paper is focused on two points: firstly, we introduce how a final user (the traffic regulator) instantiates and assembles components so as to model a city and its urban traffic network; secondly, we present the use of Dempster-Shafer theory in the context of discrete choice modelling. Our approach manipulates input variables in order to test realistic representations of behaviours of agent categories in a decision-making process. The traffic modelling is based on a questionnaire elaborated from standard arrays of Taguchi. The significant variables and interactions are determined with the analysis of variance which suggests a reduced model describing the behaviour of a particular social category. The belief theory is used to take into account the doubt of some respondents as well as for the preferences redistribution if the number of alternatives changes. The effects of external traffic conditions are also quantified to choose a 'robust' alternative and to use the agents' memory.
keywords	Urban traffic simulator, Virtual city, Multi-agent system, Behavioural model, Transport mean, Taguchi's method, Belief theory
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

_id	ddss2006-hb-409
id	DDSS2006-HB-409
authors	Jean-Paul Wetzel, Salim Belblidia, and Jean-Claude Bignon
year	2006
title	A Proposal for Morphological Operators to Assist Architectural Design
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) 2006, Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Springer, ISBN-10: 1-4020-5059-3, ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-5059-6, p. 409-418
summary	In this paper, we make the assumption that a shape modelling process can rely on the application of a set of morphological operators to initial shapes. We refer to several researches which have attempted to identify such operators. We also attempt to validate this design approach through the analysis of some buildings. A design system based on the combination of these operators could enable the designer to quickly explore a great number of spatial solutions.
keywords	Morphological operators, Modifiers, Modelling.
series	DDSS
last changed	2006/08/29 12:55

For more results click below: