Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2011_p157
id	cf2011_p157
authors	Boton, Conrad; Kubicki Sylvain, Halin Gilles
year	2011
title	Understanding Pre-Construction Simulation Activities to Adapt Visualization in 4D CAD Collaborative Tools
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 477-492.
summary	Increasing productivity and efficiency is an important issue in the AEC field. This area is mainly characterized by fragmentation, heterogeneous teams with low lifetimes and many uncertainties. 4D CAD is one of the greatest innovations in recent years. It consists in linking a 3D model of the building with the works planning in order to simulate the construction evolution over time. 4D CAD can fill several needs from design to project management through constructivity analysis and tasks planning (Tommelein 2003). The literature shows that several applications have been proposed to improve the 4D CAD use (Chau et al. 2004; Lu et al. 2007; Seok & al. 2009). In addition, studies have shown the real impact of 4D CAD use in construction projects (Staub-French & Khanzode 2007; Dawood & Sika 2007). More recently, Mahalingam et al. (2010) showed that the collaborative use of 4D CAD is particularly useful during the pre-construction phase for comparing the constructability of working methods, for visually identifying conflicts and clashes (overlaps), and as visual tool for practitioners to discuss and to plan project progress. So the advantage of the 4D CAD collaborative use is demonstrated. Moreover, several studies have been conducted both in the scientific community and in the industrial world to improve it (Zhou et al. 2009; Kang et al. 2007). But an important need that remains in collaborative 4D CAD use in construction projects is about the adaptation of visualization to the users business needs. Indeed, construction projects have very specific characteristics (fragmentation, variable team, different roles from one project to another). Moreover, in the AEC field several visualization techniques can represent the same concept and actors choose one or another of these techniques according to their specific needs related to the task they have to perform. For example, the tasks planning may be represented by a Gantt chart or by a PERT network and the building elements can be depicted with a 3D model or a 2D plan. The classical view (3D + Gantt) proposed to all practitioners in the available 4D tools seems therefore not suiting the needs of all. So, our research is based on the hypothesis that adapting the visualization to individual business needs could significantly improve the collaboration. This work relies on previous ones and aim to develop a method 1) to choose the best suited views for performed tasks and 2) to compose adapted multiple views for each actor, that we call ‚Äúbusiness views‚Äù. We propose a 4 steps-method to compose business views. The first step identifies the users‚Äô business needs, defining the individual practices performed by each actor, identifying his business tasks and his information needs. The second step identifies the visualization needs related to the identified business needs. For this purpose, the user‚Äôs interactions and visualization tasks are described. This enables choosing the most appropriate visualization techniques for each need (step 3). At this step, it is important to describe the visualization techniques and to be able to compare them. Therefore, we proposed a business view metamodel. The final step (step 4) selects the adapted views, defines the coordination mechanisms and the interaction principles in order to compose coordinated visualizations. A final step consists in a validation work to ensure that the composed views really match to the described business needs. This paper presents the latest version of the method and especially presents our latest works about its first and second steps. These include making more generic the business tasks description in order to be applicable within most of construction projects and enabling to make correspondence with visualization tasks.
keywords	Pre-construction, Simulation, 4D CAD, Collaboration, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Human-Computer Interface, Information visualization, Business view, Model driven engineering
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ecaade2007_009
id	ecaade2007_009
authors	Gün, Onur Yüce
year	2007
title	Composing the Bits of Surfaces in Architectural Practice
source	Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 859-868
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.859
summary	Emergent design tools; with enhanced modeling and parametric manipulation capabilities are encouraging the exploration of new geometric typologies in the field of architecture. Designers are not only finding more opportunities to work with geometries of higher complexities but also becoming able to update their designs with simple formulations. After a decade of proximity with free form modeling tools, architects now have to become more aware of the critical relationship of design and construction. When the design is performed without taking the constraints of the construction the inefficient method of geometric post-rationalization unavoidably has to take place. So, the knowledge of the rationale should be applied from the very beginning of the design processes, and the digital models should be informed and controlled while being developed. This paper will present analytical strategies and methods developed for working with non-standard geometries in a geometrically and parametrically controlled environment. Each method is supported with custom scripts which run in both parametric and non-parametric computer aided design (CAD) platforms. Each script and method is manipulated for the next project over time and the computational tools created build up a library of surface generation, manipulation and subdivision tools.
keywords	Parametric, surface, construction, Generative Components, Rhino Script
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2007_161
id	ecaade2007_161
authors	Dieckmann, Andreas; Netten, Sarah; Russell, Peter
year	2007
title	From Oh-Oh to OO
source	Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 663-669
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.663
summary	The architect’s profession has always been that of an organizer; a coordinator. In an increasingly specialized society such as ours there is an even greater demand for professionals with a wide range of management abilities. Today’s architect will have to organize and coordinate the flow, the means and the systematic storage of information in a project. For an institution that ‘produces’ architects, it is, in the opinion of the authors, vital to not only teach modern / contemporary methods of organizing information but also to practice them. If architecture students are to comprehend the necessity of organizing skills & tools, they will have to encounter these from day one of their student life. It is perhaps surprising (or not) that niversities are not necessarily the best example of svelte, efficient organisations. On the contrary, they are often run on age-old principles that never change, despite acknowledged faults. A faculty of architecture has been developing a system to enable all members of the faculty, (teachers and students alike), with a central service for the management of information. This service is a set of web-based tools for organizing and managing the curriculum and all matters connected to that. The objective of the platform is to increase efficiency and transparency in the administration of the faculty. The effect of the system has been to develop a community. Two main aspects buttress this community. Firstly, the users are made aware of the presence of other users through a “Who’s On Campus” module. This module allows users to see which other users are logged in and using IP Addresses and WLAN Access Point Information, where they roughly are. Secondly, through a range of communication processes, informal communication is easily undertaken with other users online. The effect has been to improve the daily activities of the faculty. Achieving this has come about not by decree, but by convincing and observable benefits from the system.
keywords	Virtual universities, internet collaboration, CSCW
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2007_433
id	caadria2007_433
authors	Dounas, Theodore; Kotsiopoulos M. Anastasios
year	2007
title	Generative Systems Based on Animation Tools: Structure and Form of Core Ideas in Architectural Design
source	CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.k1h
summary	The goal of the research described in this paper is the formulation of a generative system for architectural design, where a structured core architectural idea is the input and alternatives to that idea are the output. Specifically we present a production pipeline of architectural / spatial configurations using the context of animation and time based design tools. Our model consists of “time” and space design constraints of boundaries / objects affecting a given architectural design, thus producing an alternative solution for every timeframe of the animation cycle. Initially the designer shapes an idea using animation software tools, where each tool is actually a constraint or a grammar rule defined informally by the user/designer. The influence of the tools can vary according to time, speed, location, configuration of the object and/or the constraint itself. In some of these animations the designer has the ability to sidestep partially the issue of emergence by providing specific key - frames for the solution to follow. The use of animation tools [shape driven curves, speed and time-line functions, parent child relationships] in the shape generation of our model empowers the user/designer to configure whole sets of shapes and designs interactively and without the need to define every solution independently. Simultaneously, a different, time-focused view of our model describes its use on designs that develop different configurations over time. Thus a duality of our model is established : the animated schema may be either a sum or a family of various designs or the animated time-line may represent a single design which changes over time. Finally the possibility of a structured graph representing each solution is discussed, where the designer can evaluate the merit of an individual solution in terms of conforming to the initial core idea or where alternative spatial configurations evolve in a different structure from the original design.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadia07_066
id	acadia07_066
authors	Gün, Onur Yüce ; Wallin, Nicholas J.
year	2007
title	Composing the Bits of Surfaces in Architectural Practice
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 66-73
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.066
summary	Emergent design tools, with enhanced modeling and parametric manipulation capabilities, are encouraging the exploration of new geometric typologies in the field of architecture. Designers are not only finding more opportunities to work with geometries of higher complexities but are also becoming able to manipulate their designs with simple formulations. After a decade of familiarity with free form modeling tools, architects must now become more aware of the critical relationship between design and construction. When a design is performed without taking the constraints of construction into account the inefficient method of geometric post-rationalization becomes necessary. Thus, the knowledge of the rationale should be applied from the very beginning of the design processes, and digital models should be informed and controlled while being developed. This paper will present analytical strategies and methods for working with nonstandard geometries in a geometrically and parametrically controlled environment. Each method is supported with custom scripts which run in both parametric and non-parametric computer aided design (CAD) platforms. Each script and method is manipulated for the next project and the computational tools created build up a library of surface generation, manipulation, and subdivision tools. This library later becomes a source for office-wide use of surface manipulation.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	cf2007_475
id	cf2007_475
authors	Hirschberg, Urs; Michael Stadler
year	2007
title	Design Science Labs: Why architectural research needs laboratories for integrated and networked simulation
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / 978-1-4020-6527-9 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / 978-1-4020-6527-9] Sydney (Australia) 11–13 July 2007, pp. 475-488
summary	The ever increasing complexity of architectural projects demands efficient tools to assist within their associated design processes. We present an infrastructure initiative to tackle these challenges with Design Science Labs that are heavily rooted on simulation techniques in various academic fields. The merits of these techniques are discussed under the prospect of research and teaching experience as well as practical applicability. For an increased benefit, strong interoperability between these simulation techniques is desirable, but still not easily achievable. The infrastructure initiative aims to build smooth bridges between these fields and to gain additional architectural design space from their interaction.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2007/07/06 12:47

_id	ijac20075403
id	ijac20075403
authors	Holzer, Dominik; Hough, Richard; Burry, Mark
year	2007
title	Parametric Design and Structural Optimisation for Early Design Exploration
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 5 - no. 4, pp. 625-643
summary	The investigation presented in this paper focuses on the following questions: How can engineering and architectural expertise, assisted by a process of digital optimisation, promote structural awareness regarding design alterations in the conceptual design stages? Can building geometry be set up computationally to render it sensitive to structural input? Which software tools are required to foster this interaction and what kind of decision support is needed to allow both architects and structural engineers to interact concurrently in this optimisation process? The authors of this paper form a team of researchers and practitioners from architectural and structural engineering background who combine their efforts to address the issue of interconnecting design intelligence across disciplines and advancing revised work methodologies in practice assisted by academic research. The research has shown that an integrated transfer of design information between architectural and structural designers in the early stages is beneficial to the collaboration if experts from both professions agree on common goals and define suitability rules that guide optimisation processes from the very beginning. To enable this, software tools are required that provide ad hoc decision support to create a wider array of informed design alternatives from which to choose.
series	journal
email
last changed	2008/02/25 20:30

_id	ascaad2007_005
id	ascaad2007_005
authors	Loh, E.; N. Dawood and J. Dean
year	2007
title	Integration of 3D Tool with Environmental Impact Assessment (3D EIA)
source	Em‘body’ing Virtual Architecture: The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 51-66
summary	Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) tools have been available for some years now and their function is predominantly to predict and identify the environmental impact of building projects. However EIA analysis is often done after the completion of the project or building and when it is too late to influence the design, materials or components to be used. Also, more than 80% of the design decisions that influence the whole life cycle of a building are made at the initial design phase. EIA does not receive the required attention. A new approach is suggested in this research to ensure that designers, clients and stakeholders have all of the relevant information needed at the outline design stage for the assessment of cost and environmental impact. The idea is that building owners and users will have the opportunity to minimise their operating costs from ‘cradle to cradle’. As energy resources reduce over the next few decades, the value of this research will increase and it is possible to foresee government legislation which drives building construction in this direction. By making environmental impact analysis readily linked to 3D products at the very early stage of the design process, the value of 3D technology will be enhanced significantly resulting in more use of the technology in the construction process. In this context, the objective of this paper is to introduce and explore approaches for developing integrated 3D- EIA, LCA (Life Cycle Analysis) and LCCA (Life Cycle Cost Analysis) and VR (Virtual Reality) tools and develop trade-off analysis to assist in the decision making process. To demonstrate initial results, a pilot case study in the UK is being developed.
series	ASCAAD
last changed	2008/01/21 22:00

_id	ascaad2007_055
id	ascaad2007_055
authors	Mallasi, Z.
year	2007
title	Applying generative modeling procedure to explore architectural forms
source	Em‘body’ing Virtual Architecture: The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 697-712
summary	Computer generated 3D forms using generative procedures have matured in the last decade and now considered as a tangible approach for realizing architectural design ideas. As fascinating as the approach might be, it is still lacking actual application in the early architectural design process. There are many reasons for this, among them: it has many implications over the architectural design process mainly the practicality of design during the conceptual design stage; it is cumbersome to develop construction drawings for complex architectural forms; and the necessity for producing conceptual designs quickly in less time as design requirements and decisions are constantly being changed. This paper initially reports on a practical development of a computer program which generates architectural massing designs based on integrating forms generation technique in a design scheme. The influence for this development was inspired by Spirolaterals technique used in generating complex 3D architectural forms that are based on parametric shape configuration. The development has three goals: to review the principles for constructing generative forms in the conceptual design stage using simple CAD tools, to assist in the production of design schemes based on a few basic shapes and rules, and to explore 3D forms finding and generation without the need to write a complicated computer program that are difficult to produce by hand. The development resulted in generating an interesting number of 3D compositions. The author applied this technique to experiment during the production of a design scheme. The paper hence describes the current development of ArchiGen tool to produces generative 3D forms utilizing ArchiCAD © GDL programming language. The tool is embedded within ArchiCAD for generating 3D shapes. One of the main features of this implementation is that users are able to sketch 2D shapes and the tool will deform its three dimensional generation. Moreover, the user being able to abstract the architectural character from the resulting complex 3D shapes. This development extends current related work by allowing the designer to load shapes into ArchiGen which acts as vocabulary of shapes for a design scheme constraints. It is intended from this work to inspire future work focusing on using generative tools in the early conceptual design stages.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2008/01/21 22:00

_id	eaea2009_piga
id	eaea2009_piga
authors	Piga, Barbara E.A.
year	2011
title	The Urban Simulation and Projects Evaluation Laboratory at the Politecnico di Milano: An Educational and Research Facility
source	Projecting Spaces [Proceedings of the 9th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 978-3-942411-31-8 ], pp. 115-120
summary	At the beginning of 2007 an Italian Urban Simulation Laboratory was founded at the Politecnico di Milano. The laboratory, coordinated by prof. Fausto Curti, has been developed thanks to the one year presence of the visiting professor Peter Bosselmann, director of the Environmental Simulation Laboratory at the University of California at Berkeley. The laboratory has an interdisciplinary approach and a threefold mission: experiment, using the laboratory setting to study urban projects at different scales; communicate, aiding public communication by making urban projects understandable to everyone; integrate and innovate, working on different kind of simulations techniques in an integrated way. In its initial experience the laboratory is primarily a didactic and research facility. Students can join the work and participate actively to the research. Until now about 40 students have worked with us, more than a half were foreign students from all over the world. The majority of the students did an internship of about 150 (three-year degree) or 300 (master degree) hours and some of them have continued working after this period developing a thesis. At the moment the case study, used as a pilot research, is about the Porta Nuova project at the Garibaldi- Repubblica area in Milan. The 300.000 mq of the total area and its well served central position make this place strategic for Milan. In this area the adopted urban transformation plan is creating a new business center that affects redevelopment projects, new infrastructures, and a park. The overall project will overhanging the surroundings city center with some of the highest buildings of its skyline. The importance of the site and the dimension of the project make this case significant to test the use of simulation for supporting evaluations about morphological aspects, comfort conditions, visual impacts, and other aspects that directly influence the quality of the new urban spaces. We are now applying different simulation methodologies in order to better understand the peculiar usefulness of each kind as a tool to support evaluation. As any kind has its own limits we work with different typologies at the same time. We are working with 1:500 scale physical model of a 1 km square of the area and different kind of static and dynamic simulations. We developed, with an external office, a micro-car to move a micro-camera in the maquette. We use this equipment to better explain the project implications to the students by producing subjective shot videos or showing a walk in real-time. To reproduce in a better way some relevant walks through the transformed site we have also produced some videos made of a superimposition of the real existing context and the virtual projects. To do this we used a rendered video of the project superimposed to the filmed promenade of the today condition, previously recorded using steadycam. A lot of static simulations has been employed to better understand the new city configuration from some representative points of view, as for example the roof of the Duomo cathedral. We are now developing some other kinds of analysis such as shadows impact; this is done by using a 1:1000 scale maquette in the Heliodon, but also with some digital tools. In the next future a work with the wind tunnel will help to understand some other comfort implications of the project at the micro-urban scale. The multilayer approach is the main aim of the laboratory and is an important tool to clarify the multidimensional project impacts to the students. In this way the laboratory can be a learning tool, it can stimulate the project process and support decision-making while improving the knowledge about the correct use of simulations for evaluating the cumulative implications of the proposed urban processes.
series	other
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2011/03/04 08:45

_id	caadria2007_511
id	caadria2007_511
authors	Rügemer, Jörg
year	2007
title	Various Media in the Design Process and Methodology
source	CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.t8j
summary	The paper describes the mergence of traditional architectural design processes with approaches that rely on digital media and software for the creation of architectural space. The depicted projects are part of a ‘work in progress’ process, with a recent studio that is set up to apply the so far accumulated experiences. Within the projects, focus is on those design phases where the applied media and methodology is changed and where the back and forth between different media and the depth of their implementation is perceptible in, and / or has a significant influence on the design itself. Through a line of successive experiments, the paper explains the development of a possible method that utilizes a variety of today’s accessible tools in architecture, making use of phenomena that appear when changing from one tool to another. Goal is to avoid limitations that are existent by the solely employment of one media or method, and to understand the fusion between different media as an inspiring momentum to develop the design further. The paper draws a line from an initially experienced and analyzed design method over several projects in practice and academia to conclude with a possible design method that could be established successfully in both fields of architectural teaching and practice. Initial experiences had been drawn from professional practice, in which the digital realm was limited to a support device of the design process. The first project that is described in the paper, explored the employment of digital media as a possible tool to drive the design process in a broader sense. The studio setting was organized as a laboratory for the exploration of the change of applied media. Focus was on the influence on the design progress. The design method required of the studios participants was not exclusively based on an architectural program, but on an initial, very conceptual process with an artistic approach, based on personal experiences of each participant. This was meant to detach the students entirely from architectural processes and mindsets they had picked up so far. Parallel to that kind of an intellectual process, studio participants learned to handle Maya as the 3D modeling software of their choice. Both the technical knowledge and the artistic projects were merged in a second project phase, in which participants had to further develop their work by applying a very effective mix of various design tools. Using digital media as a parametric design generator, subsequent projects were developed. The task for the designers here were to decide what kind of algorithm could be applied to which process and when it was to be stopped for the best result. Applying such an automatism successfully to the design process, the employment of traditional media and methodology remained, to adapt the digital driven schemes to the required design task. The diverse design experiments demonstrate important aspects when merging complex design and animation software with traditional design processes. To achieve good architectural design results, all examined projects showed that traditional design methods with its physical models are hardly replaceable to its full extent by other media, but digital media are able to strengthen design processes and invite designers to explore new means of design work.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2008_180
id	sigradi2008_180
authors	Vincent, Charles
year	2008
title	Gulliver in the land of Generative Design
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	The current trend in architectural design towards architectural computing has been treated both from a philosophical standing point and as an operational systems’ problem, in a quest for explications which could at last break ground for a more broad development and adoption of design tools. As Kostas Terzidis (2007) puts it, the intuitiveness that architects have put on so high a pedestal seems to be the central issue to be dealt with by both views. There seems to be no apparent shortcut toward the reconciliation between traditional practice and new media and most certainly it is not only a problem of interface design, but one of design method clarification and reinterpretation of those methods into computing systems. Furthermore, there’s no doubt left as to whether computing systems can generate such new patterns as to impact our own understanding of architecture. But even if computer algorithms can make possible the exploration of abstract alternatives to an abstract initial idea, as in Mathematica and Processing, the issue of relating abstract and geometric representations of human centered architecture lays in the hands of architects, programmers or, better yet, architect-programmers. What seems now to be the relevant change is that architectural design might escape from the traditional sequence embedded in the need – program – design iterations – solution timeline, substituted by a web of interactions among differing experimental paths, in which even the identification of needs is to be informed by computing. It is interesting to note that the computational approach to architectural design has been praised for the formal fluidity of bubbles and Bezier shapes it entails and for the overcoming of functionalist and serialization typical of modern architecture. That approach betrays a high degree of canonic fascination with the tools of the trade and very little connection to the day to day chores of building design. On the other hand, shall our new tools and toys open up new ways of thinking and designing our built landscape? What educational issues surface if we are to foster wider use of the existing technologies and simultaneously address the need to overtake mass construction? Is mass customization the answer for the dead end modern architecture has led us to? Can we let go the humanist approach begun in Renascence and culminated in Modernism or shall we review that approach in view of algorithmic architecture? Let us step back in time to 1726 when Swift’s ‘Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World by Lemuel Gulliver’ was first published. In Swift’s fierce critic of what seemed to him the most outrageous ideas, he conceived a strange machine devised to automatically write books and poetry, in much the same generative fashion that now, three centuries later, we begin to cherish. “Every one knew how laborious the usual method is of attaining to arts and sciences; whereas by his contrivance, the most ignorant person at a reasonable charge, and with a little bodily labour, may write books in philosophy, poetry, politicks, law, mathematics and theology, without the least assistance from genius or study. He then led me to the frame, about the sides whereof all his pupils stood in ranks. It was twenty foot square, placed in the middle of the room. The superficies was composed of several bits of wood, about the bigness of a dye, but some larger than others. They were all linked together by slender wires. These bits of wood were covered on every square with paper pasted on them; and, on these papers were written all the words of their language in their several moods, tenses, and declensions, but without any order. The professor then desired me to observe, for he was going to set his engine at work. The pupils at his command took each of them hold of an iron handle, whereof there were forty fixed round the edges of the frame; and giving them a sudden turn, the whole disposition of words was entirely changed. He then commanded six and thirty of the lads to read the several lines softly as they appeared upon the frame; and where they found three or four words together that might make part of a sentence, they dictated to the four remaining boys who were scribes. This work was repeated three or four times, and at every turn the engine was so contrived, that the words shifted into new places, as the square bits of wood moved upside down.” (Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels, A Voyage to Balnibarbi) What astonishing forecast did Swift show in that narrative that, in spite of the underlying incredulity and irony, still clarifies our surprise when faced to what might seem to some of us just an abandonment of all that architects and designers have cherished: creativeness and inventiveness. Yet, we could argue that such a radical shift in paradigm occurred once when master builders left the construction ground and took seat at drafting boards. The whole body of design and construction knowledge was split into what now seem to us just specialties undertaken by more and more isolated professionals. That shift entailed new forms of representation and prediction which now each and all architects take for granted. Also, Cartesian space representation turned out to be the main instrument for professional practice, even if one can argue that it is not more than the unfolding of stone carving techniques that master builders and guilds were so fond of. Enter computing and all its unfolding, i.e. DNA coding, fractal geometry, generative computing, nonlinear dynamics, pattern generation and cellular automata, as a whole new chapter in science, and compare that to conical perspective, descriptive and analytical geometry and calculus, and an image begins to form, delineating a separation between architect and digital designer. In previous works, we have tried approaching the issues regarding architects education in a more consensual way. But it seems now that the whole curricular corpus might be changed as well. The very foundations upon which we prepare future professionals shall change, not only in College, but in High School as well. In this paper, we delve further into the disconnect between current curricula and digital design practices and suggest new disciplinary grounds for a new architectural education.
keywords	Educational paradigm; Design teaching; Design methods;
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:02

_id	ecaade2007_019
id	ecaade2007_019
authors	Asanowicz, Alexander
year	2007
title	Evolution of CAAD Teaching Methods
source	Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 393-399
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.393
summary	In this paper evolution of CAAD teaching at architectural faculties will be presented. The CAAD will be considered as one of the components of skills and knowledge needed to support Design Studio. The paper is focused on the question “How architectural design may be combined with CAD teaching?” Formulation of this question results from opinion that position of CAAD in teaching of architectural design curriculum is different than other disciplines being taught at architectural schools. Introduction of CAAD to teaching schedules unquestionably and explicitly uncovered the need for changes within the whole schedule of study. Although great number of computer equipment is used, the students are still being taught as in the XIX century. In terms of achieved results it proves ineffective. Analyses have shown that evolution of teaching methods may be divided into four stages: software teaching, “personal involvement”, “replacement” and integration.
keywords	CAAD education, design curriculum
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2007_039
id	ascaad2007_039
authors	Bakr, A.F.; I. Diab and D. Saadallah
year	2007
title	Detecting Inefficient Lighting Solutions: Step-by-Step Geographic information system (GIS) Technique
source	Em‘body’ing Virtual Architecture: The Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2007), 28-30 November 2007, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 491-504
summary	Outdoor lighting is used to illuminate roadways, parking lots, yards, sidewalks, public meeting areas, signs, work sites, and buildings. It provides us with better visibility and a sense of security. When well designed and properly installed, outdoor lighting can be and is very useful in improving visibility and safety and a sense of security, while at the same time minimizing energy use and operating costs. But, because nobody thought at this, most street lights shine light not only on the nearby ground, where is needed, but also miles away and skywards. Thus a large fraction of the light is lost, at consumer expense and without his/her consent. In the other hand, shortage in street light may cause more crimes as well as accidents. Most of the wasted or short light comes from the poorly designed street lights. Billboards, decorative lights, poorly shielded security lights are part of the problem too, but the main culprit for the waste and ugly glow one sees above one's head at nights is from the streetlights. Thus, recent computer technology gives us tools to be employed for testing the quality of light. Geographic Information System (GIS) software could be utilized to achieve that mission through applying mapping technique. This technique could analyze digital photographs and define light polluted areas as well as bad lighted. This paper reveals that step by step technique, which employs hybrid technologies to solve such problem for better planning decisions.
series	ASCAAD
last changed	2008/01/21 22:00

_id	acadia07_120
id	acadia07_120
authors	Balakrishnan, Bimal; Muramoto, Katsuhiko; Kalisperis, Loukas N.
year	2007
title	Spatial Presence: An Explication From an Architectural Point of View
source	Expanding Bodies: Art • Cities• Environment [Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture / ISBN 978-0-9780978-6-8] Halifax (Nova Scotia) 1-7 October 2007, 120-129
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2007.120
summary	This paper provides the theoretical foundation for understanding the concept of spatial presence. This is important for improving architectural visualization tools so as to capture the experiential aspects of space. The paper is organized into three sections. The first section explicates the concept of spatial presence by identifying various conceptualizations of spatial presence in the literature and performing a meaning analysis. It then proceeds to examine mechanisms underlying the formation of spatial presence. The paper concludes by offering initial guidelines for improving the nature of digital tools to enhance the feeling of spatial presence.
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2007_301
id	caadria2007_301
authors	Barrow, Larry; Shaima Al Arayedh
year	2007
title	Emerging Technololgy – Dilemma and Opportunities in Housing
source	CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.d7c
summary	Digital Technology has transformed industrial manufacturing and production; and an array of Industrial Design products provide increasing comfort and benefit to millions of global citizens via ergonomic and mass production/customization strategies. Yet, housing needs of a rapidly growing global population are rarely affected by digital technology. Shifts in societal demographics, from rural to urban city centres, and concurrently Global Warming and ecological changes are exacerbating the world housing situation. Millions are homeless, live in inadequate shelter, or as in the US Manufactured Housing (MH) market, live in nondurable poor quality “manufactured” houses that are detrimental to health, at best, or during extreme weather events, suffer catastrophic damages often resulting in death to occupants. Nevertheless, housing concepts and related living units have benefited very little when compared to architecture’s related manufacturing industries counter-parts (i.e. automotive, aerospace, marine industries, etc). While Technology has vividly expanded the shape language of architecture (i.e. Free-Form-Design), some may argue that Free-Form- Design buildings generally have beauty that is only “skin deep” and typically focus on providing signature statements for both the designer and elite clientele. In this paper, we will briefly review the role of the architect in the US Manufactured Housing industry; additionally, we will identify the major problems that plaque the US Manufactured Housing Industry. Further, we will review how architects and Industrial Designers use technology in their respective fields and draw larger designmanufacture principals for issues of global housing. Our findings and analysis suggest that an Industrial Design approach, applied in architecture for mass housing, offers a means of improving the architect’s role and technology in manufactured housing for the masses.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2007_095
id	ecaade2007_095
authors	Benton, Sarah
year	2007
title	Mediating between Architectural Design Ideation and Development through Digital Technology
source	Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 253-260
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.253
summary	Negroponte (Negroponte 1969) described how the creative thinking of a designer can become affected by the ‘machine’ urging the designer to draw a distinction between ‘heuristics of form’ and ‘heuristics of method’. This ensured that by taking advantage of digital technology a symbiotic relationship was maintained between both of these. To date architects have investigated digital tools for generating form and imagery with increasing success, but have arguably fallen short of using those tools for advancing their design methods. The research presented here explores questions not solely focusing on the use of the tools, but on heuristic methods of the profession, to examine the interconnectiveness of the design method and the tool in a symbiotic fashion; to examine the nature of creativity. This paper is taking a critical standpoint about the place of digital tools in an architect’s method in the pursuit of poetic architecture and, in particular, its representation, to enable speculation, as opposed to prediction, of ideas in the design process from the early phases. The issue is discussed through the findings of my doctoral research case studies that have proved germane to my particular enquiry, that is, digital mediationbetween design ideation and design development.
keywords	Ideation, development, design process, digital techniques, animation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ijac20075307
id	ijac20075307
authors	Bessone, Miriam; Miro, Ricardo Perez
year	2007
title	Music and Architecture: Bonds, Interrelations, Transductions
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 5 - no. 3, pp. 551-569
summary	Digital technology and knowledge integration between musicians and architects enable us to explore and redefine links between music and architecture. This paper describes the experience and results of the creative processes undertaken by music and architecture students and academics to achieve a hyper-medial composition. The processes embrace the simultaneous construction from music to visual form and vice-versa. This exploration is originated from electro-acoustic music works, written ad-hoc, and based on specific assignments especially designed and framed within two types of situations and links with digital technologies: independent actions and interrelated actions. The intention of this work is to obtain constants and/or variables capable of allowing a certain type of graphic conventionalization that will make possible the mathematic representation previously necessary to create specific software tools.
series	journal
last changed	2007/11/20 18:06

_id	caadria2007_391
id	caadria2007_391
authors	Biloria, Nimish
year	2007
title	Adaptive Corporate Environments
source	CAADRIA 2007 [Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Nanjing (China) 19-21 April 2007
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2007.x.d7a
summary	The research paper illustrates an attempt to envision computation aided architectural responsiveness (spatial and informational) towards contemporary forms of corporate organizations. Architectural substantiations for such corporate bodies embodying dynamic business eco-systems tend to be rather inert in essence and deem to remain closed systemic entities, adhering to a rather static spatial program in accordance with which they were initially conceptualized. Architectural renditions supporting such emergent forms of organizations hence need to be re-thought: a need to break apart from the inherent closed system typology of architectural materiality needs to be visualized. The research paper, addresses such issues by specifically focusing upon developing intelligent reconfigurable spaces (in accordance with customized activity oriented spatial preferences of its occupants) and an interactive user interface as a front end of the system (for inputting preferences and 3d space visualization purposes). A space cluster, completely user centric, equally dynamic, and flexible, as compared to the dynamic activities which the space sustains is thus developed. The papers content is explicitly based on the output of the authors PhD research work conducted at the TU Delft, Netherlands.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2007_155
id	ecaade2007_155
authors	Bonwetsch, Tobias; Bärtschi, Ralph; Kobel, Daniel; Gramazio, Fabio; Kohler, Matthias
year	2007
title	Digitally Fabricating Tilted Holes
source	Predicting the Future [25th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-6-5] Frankfurt am Main (Germany) 26-29 September 2007, pp. 793-799
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2007.793
summary	Digital fabrication of building components by means of computer numerically controlled (CNC) machines is of high interest for architects and the building industry. Common design software does not allow for utilizing the potential that lies within these new technologies. To fully exploit the power of digital fabrication, new design paradigms have to be explored. In our design studios we implement direct scripting, the use of images to control parameters, as well as dynamical and rule based systems, which enables the designer to exploit the possibilities of digital fabrication. This paper provides an overview of the tools we developed. We will present some of the results from these classes and discuss its implications for future tool sets. It is essential to apply the knowledge of production methods at the starting point of the design process, in order to fully benefit from these new technologies. We believe that novel design strategies emerge out of this shift in production. Our goal is to integrate the principles of digital fabrication into the design process, resulting in a more valuable and sustainable architecture.
keywords	Digital fabrication, CNC, design tools
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

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