Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	sigradi2008_049
id	sigradi2008_049
authors	Benamy, Turkienicz ; Beck Mateus, Mayer Rosirene
year	2008
title	Computing And Manipulation In Design - A Pedagogical Experience Using Symmetry
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	The concept of symmetry has been usually restricted to bilateral symmetry, though in an extended sense it refers to any isometric transformation that maintains a certain shape invariant. Groups of operations such as translation, rotation, reflection and combinations of these originate patterns classified by modern mathematics as point groups, friezes and wallpapers (March and Steadman, 1974). This extended notion represents a tool for the recognition and reproduction of patterns, a primal aspect of the perception, comprehension and description of everything that we see. Another aspect of this process is the perception of shapes, primary and emergent. Primary shapes are the ones explicitly represented and emergent shapes are the ones implicit in the others (Gero and Yan, 1994). Some groups of shapes known as Semantic Shapes are especially meaningful in architecture, expressing visual features so as symmetry, rhythm, movement and balance. The extended understanding of the concept of symmetry might improve the development of cognitive abilities concerning the creation, recognition and meaning of forms and shapes, aspects of visual reasoning involved in the design process. This paper discusses the development of a pedagogical experience concerned with the application of the concept of symmetry in the creative generation of forms using computational tools and manipulation. The experience has been carried out since 1995 with 3rd year architectural design students. For the exploration of compositions based on symmetry operations with computational support we followed a method developed by Celani (2003) comprising the automatic generation and update of symmetry patterns using AutoCAD. The exercises with computational support were combined with other different exercises in each semester. The first approach combined the creation of two-dimensional patterns to their application and to their modeling into three-dimensions. The second approach combined the work with computational support with work with physical models and mirrors and the analysis of the created patterns. And the third approach combined the computational tasks with work with two-dimensional physical shapes and mirrors. The student’s work was analyzed under aspects such as Discretion/ Continuity –the creation of isolated groups of shapes or continuous overlapped patterns; Generation of Meta-Shapes –the emergence of new shapes from the geometrical relation between the generative shape and the structure of the symmetrical arrangement; Modes of Representation –the visual aspects of the generative shape such as color and shading; Visual Reasoning –the derivation of 3D compositions from 2D patterns by their progressive analysis and recognition; Conscious Interaction –the simultaneous creation and analysis of symmetry compositions, whether with computational support or with physical shapes and mirrors. The combined work with computational support and with physical models and mirrors enhanced the students understanding on the extended concept of symmetry. The conscious creation and analysis of the patterns also stimulated the student’s understanding over the different semantic possibilities involved in the exploration of forms and shapes in two or three dimensions. The method allowed the development of both syntactic and semantic aspects of visual reasoning, enhancing the students’ visual repertoire. This constitutes an important strategy in the building of the cognitive abilities used in the architectural design process.
keywords	Symmetry, Cognition, Computing, Visual reasoning, Design teaching
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ijac20076102
id	ijac20076102
authors	Schein, Markus; Tessmann, Oliver
year	2008
title	Structural Analysis as Driver in Surface-Based Design Approaches
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 6 - no. 1, pp. 19-39
summary	This research argues for novel strategies to integrate structural analysis data in architectural design. Instead of a linear procedure of analysis, synthesis, evaluation and post-rationalization a synthesis/evaluation loop is installed which embeds structural analysis data as design driver from early on. The approach regards structural performance as one design criteria within a network of different requirements. An equilibrium of multiple parameters is aspired to instead of a single-parameter-optimum. The research is conducted via a custom-made digital interface between 3d modelling software and an application for structural analysis of space frames. The information exchange provides the basis for successive strategies within a collaborative design process of spatial roof structures: negotiation of an overall form and a multi-dimensional improvement of space frame topologies by a Genetic Algorithm (GA).
series	journal
last changed	2008/06/18 08:12

_id	cf2011_p109
id	cf2011_p109
authors	Abdelmohsen, Sherif; Lee Jinkook, Eastman Chuck
year	2011
title	Automated Cost Analysis of Concept Design BIM Models
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 403-418.
summary	AUTOMATED COST ANALYSIS OF CONCEPT DESIGN BIM MODELS Interoperability: BIM models and cost models This paper introduces the automated cost analysis developed for the General Services Administration (GSA) and the analysis results of a case study involving a concept design courthouse BIM model. The purpose of this study is to investigate interoperability issues related to integrating design and analysis tools; specifically BIM models and cost models. Previous efforts to generate cost estimates from BIM models have focused on developing two necessary but disjoint processes: 1) extracting accurate quantity take off data from BIM models, and 2) manipulating cost analysis results to provide informative feedback. Some recent efforts involve developing detailed definitions, enhanced IFC-based formats and in-house standards for assemblies that encompass building models (e.g. US Corps of Engineers). Some commercial applications enhance the level of detail associated to BIM objects with assembly descriptions to produce lightweight BIM models that can be used by different applications for various purposes (e.g. Autodesk for design review, Navisworks for scheduling, Innovaya for visual estimating, etc.). This study suggests the integration of design and analysis tools by means of managing all building data in one shared repository accessible to multiple domains in the AEC industry (Eastman, 1999; Eastman et al., 2008; authors, 2010). Our approach aims at providing an integrated platform that incorporates a quantity take off extraction method from IFC models, a cost analysis model, and a comprehensive cost reporting scheme, using the Solibri Model Checker (SMC) development environment. Approach As part of the effort to improve the performance of federal buildings, GSA evaluates concept design alternatives based on their compliance with specific requirements, including cost analysis. Two basic challenges emerge in the process of automating cost analysis for BIM models: 1) At this early concept design stage, only minimal information is available to produce a reliable analysis, such as space names and areas, and building gross area, 2) design alternatives share a lot of programmatic requirements such as location, functional spaces and other data. It is thus crucial to integrate other factors that contribute to substantial cost differences such as perimeter, and exterior wall and roof areas. These are extracted from BIM models using IFC data and input through XML into the Parametric Cost Engineering System (PACES, 2010) software to generate cost analysis reports. PACES uses this limited dataset at a conceptual stage and RSMeans (2010) data to infer cost assemblies at different levels of detail. Functionalities Cost model import module The cost model import module has three main functionalities: generating the input dataset necessary for the cost model, performing a semantic mapping between building type specific names and name aggregation structures in PACES known as functional space areas (FSAs), and managing cost data external to the BIM model, such as location and construction duration. The module computes building data such as footprint, gross area, perimeter, external wall and roof area and building space areas. This data is generated through SMC in the form of an XML file and imported into PACES. Reporting module The reporting module uses the cost report generated by PACES to develop a comprehensive report in the form of an excel spreadsheet. This report consists of a systems-elemental estimate that shows the main systems of the building in terms of UniFormat categories, escalation, markups, overhead and conditions, a UniFormat Level III report, and a cost breakdown that provides a summary of material, equipment, labor and total costs. Building parameters are integrated in the report to provide insight on the variations among design alternatives.
keywords	building information modeling, interoperability, cost analysis, IFC
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p035
id	cf2011_p035
authors	Langenhan, Christoph; Weber Markus, Petzold Frank, Liwicki Marcus, Dengel Andreas
year	2011
title	Sketch-based Methods for Researching Building Layouts through the Semantic Fingerprint of Architecture
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 85-102.
summary	The paper focuses on the early stages of the design process where the architect needs assistance in finding reference projects and describes different aspects of a concept for retrieving previous design solutions with similar layout characteristics. Such references are typically used to see how others have solved a similar architectural problem or simply for inspiration. Current electronic search methods use textual information rather than graphical information. The configuration of space and the relations between rooms are hard to represent using keywords, in fact transforming these spatial configurations into verbally expressed typologies tends to result in unclear and often imprecise descriptions of architecture. Nowadays, modern IT-technologies lead to fundamental changes during the process of designing buildings. Digital representations of architecture require suitable approaches to the storage, indexing and management of information as well as adequate retrieval methods. Traditionally planning information is represented in the form of floor plans, elevations, sections and textual descriptions. State of the art digital representations include renderings, computer aided design (CAD) and semantic information like Building Information Modelling (BIM) including 2D and 3D file formats such as Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) (IAI, 2010). In the paper, we examine the development of IT-technologies in the area of case-based reasoning (Richter et al., 2007) to provide a sketch-based submission and retrieval system for publishing and researching building layouts including their manipulation and subsequent use. The user interface focuses on specifying space and their relations by drawing them. This query style supports the spatial thinking approach that architects use, who often have a visual representation in mind without being able to provide an accurate description of the spatial configuration. The semantic fingerprint proposed by (Langenhan, 2008) is a description and query language for creating an index of floor plans to store meta-data about architecture, which can be used as signature for retrieving reference projects. The functional spaces, such as living room or kitchen and the relation among on another, are used to create a fingerprint. Furthermore, we propose a visual sketch-based interface (Weber et al., 2010) based on the Touch&Write paradigm (Liwicki et al., 2010) for the submission and the retrieval phase. During the submission process the architect is sketching the space-boundaries, space relations and functional coherence's. Using state of the art document analysis techniques, the architects are supported offering an automatic detection of room boundaries and their physical relations. During the retrieval the application will interpret the sketches of the architect and find reference projects based on a similarity based search utilizing the semantic fingerprint. By recommending reference projects, architects will be able to reuse collective experience which match the current requirements. The way of performing a search using a sketch as a query is a new way of thinking and working. The retrieval of 3D models based on a sketched shape are already realized in several domains. We already propose a step further, using the semantics of a spatial configuration. Observing the design process of buildings reveals that the initial design phase serves as the foundation for the quality of the later outcome. The sketch-based approach to access valuable information using the semantic fingerprint enables the user to digitally capture knowledge about architecture, to recover and reuse it in common-sense. Furthermore, automatically analysed fingerprints can put forward both commonly used as well as best practice projects. It will be possible to rate architecture according to the fingerprint of a building.
keywords	new media, case-based reasoning, ontology, semantic building design, sketch-based, knowledge management
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ecaade2008_072
id	ecaade2008_072
authors	Coates, Paul S.; Derix, Christian W.
year	2008
title	Smart Solutions for Spatial Planning
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 231-238
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.231
summary	SSSP is a Government funded knowledge transfer project under the overall umbrella of the UK ‘building sustainable communities’ initiative. The paper describes the innovative techniques being developed by the partners to build urban modelling tools for multiple simulation or regeneration scenarios in the Thames Gateway region of London. This knowledge transfer scheme is between the main partners and the London boroughs of Newham and Tower Hamlets. The main aim is to demonstrate the use of digital data in the development of planning scenarios. The aim is to demonstrate a workflow, which should provide stakeholders with a way of testing regeneration options, which are grounded on ‘real’ data and are capable of providing rapid feedback for policy makers and inhabitants alike.
keywords	GIS: Data Analysis: Urban modelling: Ant Colony Optimisation: Dijkstra shortest path algorithm
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ascaad2016_027
id	ascaad2016_027
authors	Cocho-Bermejo, Ana
year	2016
title	Time in Adaptable Architecture - Deployable emergency intelligent membrane
source	Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 249-258
summary	The term "Parametricism" widespread mainly by Patrick Schumacher (Schumacher, 2008) is worthy of study. Developing the concept of Human Oriented Parametric Architecture, the need of implementing time as the lost parameter in current adaptive design techniques will be discussed. Morphogenetic processes ideas will be discussed through the principle of an adaptable membrane as a case study. A model implementing a unique Arduino[i] on the façade will control its patterns performance through an Artificial Neural Network that will understand the kind of scenario the building is in, activating a Genetic Algorithm that will optimize the insulation performance of the ETFE pillows. The system will work with a global behavior for façade pattern performance and with a local one for each pillow, giving the option of individual sun-shading control. Machine learning implementation will give the façade the possibility to learn from the efficacy of its decisions through time, eliminating the need of a general on-off behavior.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2017/05/25 13:31

_id	acadia08_430
id	acadia08_430
authors	Wan, Peng-Hui; Ramesh Krishnamurti
year	2008
title	A Computational Approach for Evaluating the Facilitation of Wayfinding in Environments
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 430-437
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.430
summary	In any environment, wayfinding is a kind of spatial problem that people encounter almost daily. Although it has been well documented that environmental cues significantly facilitate wayfinding, there has been little work done to examine the effectiveness of the facilitation. In particular, wayfinding manageability is considered in this paper, and, to this end, a computational approach to its evaluation is proposed. This is illustrated through simulation, employing a quantifiable measure for wayfinding facilitation. The measure is statistically determined from experimental data on certain wayfinding variables.
keywords	Algorithm; Analysis; Computation; Design; Environment
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2008_12_session2a_103
id	caadria2008_12_session2a_103
authors	Yang, Wun-Bin Ji-Hyun Lee
year	2008
title	Building a Colour Image Database to Recommend Architectural Colour Scheme using Case-Based Retrieval Mechanism
source	CAADRIA 2008 [Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Chiang Mai (Thailand) 9-12 April 2008, pp. 103-109
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2008.103
summary	The purpose of this study is to develop a digitized Taiwanese colour image database for architectural colour scheme in Taiwan. This paper uses adjectives to present each colour’s contribution to the colour image. The system uses the “colour difference formula” from the CIEDE2000 method, which calculates the difference between the two colour perceptions represented by the two given points. Using the “Group Nearest Neighbour” algorithm, the retrieval mechanism obtains a similarity measurement. This approach can help designers to know the meanings of colours and their associated colour images, which will help them develop the building image.
keywords	Colour Scheme; Colour Image; Nearest Neighbour; Case-Based Retrieval
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2008_077
id	ecaade2008_077
authors	Graf, Robert; Yan, Wei
year	2008
title	Automatic Walkthrough Utilizing Building Information Modeling to Facilitate Architectural Visualization
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 555-560
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.555
summary	This paper presents a new system that supports automatic path planning for walkthrough in building models, using information retrieved from Building Information Modeling (BIM). It can automatically generate a path that explores all or part of the rooms in a building. During a real-time walkthrough, users will be able to follow the path while interactively controlling their viewing angles. That way, users can take guided tours while simultaneously looking around to examine the spaces. We expect the system to be useful in design review because BIM models of design can be easily brought into the system that allows reviewers to start walkthrough immediately and interactively. The significance of the work is that the system has potential applications for visualization of complex building design.
keywords	Walkthrough, Building Information Modeling, Visualization
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2008_17_session2a_143
id	caadria2008_17_session2a_143
authors	Kaewlai, Pornpis; Pinyo Jinuntuya, Pizzanu Kanongchaiyos
year	2008
title	Interactive Feasibility-based CAAD System for Infrastructure and Open Space Planning in Housing Project Design
source	CAADRIA 2008 [Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Chiang Mai (Thailand) 9-12 April 2008, pp. 143-148
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2008.143
summary	The decision support system developed in this research is aimed to the conceptual scheme of project focusing on infrastructure planning and open space design in the architectural context for housing project. Alternative design sets are provided within the limitations, and possibilities to be further evaluated appropriately. This system helps architects and developers to analyze relationships of physical environment, architectural requirements and the overall of project-related factors with real-time cost estimation. Factors for cost estimation derived from the beginning to the end of project will be manipulated simultaneously. Architects and developers can use this design simulation to address the physical data with real-time cost estimation, provide alternative results, and design evaluation for overall project’s feasibility. The software of our research is not just a tool for design & planning automation in feasibility analysis. It will be an interactive decision support system for both developers and planners aspects. The system was developed by SketchUp Ruby Application Programming Interface. The results will be presented into two ways. Firstly, 2D and 3D modeling will be used for interactive visualization in design and planning of the beginning process. Subsequently, numbers and additional factors in details will be used to show relationship between architectural environment and feasibility-based information to help architects and developers collaboratively analyze the land use planning and open space design for housing project. In evaluation process, the developed software is tested with the project preceding and the future project of Bangkok area under constraints and regulations of Building Control Act of Thailand. In conclusion, this system will make effectiveness in design process and management of the construction knowledge. The decision support systems should be designed to makes explicit use of both planning analysis aspect and knowledge-based decision making.
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ddss2008-22
id	ddss2008-22
authors	Keim, Christian
year	2008
title	Modelling urban dynamics through cellular automata: an empirical application
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	Actual developments of digital maps and tools given by GIS-systems provide the possibility to develop new methodologies to handle land-cover data for modelling purposes. At any rate empirical applications are still rare within the Geosimulation studies and yet there is not an established methodology. The aim of the work has been to construct a cellular automata (CA) model of a sprawling city region within the German context, based on empirical data. The urban land-use classes (LUC) are considered as a higher organisation level of different building typologies and relative functions. These define the land-use patterns as self-organized from their complex spatial iterations, based on limited local information exchange. On the one hand the synthesis capacity of the CA models has been verified, even without socio-economical variables. On the other hand, it has been seen that the still early evolutional state of digital land-cover datasets are too premature to fully suite the modelling purposes.
keywords	Complex Systems, Self-Organisation, Cellular automata, Geographical information systems, Land-use change
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	sigradi2008_175
id	sigradi2008_175
authors	Knight, Terry; Larry Sass, Kenfield Griffith, Ayodh Vasant Kamath
year	2008
title	Visual-Physical Grammars
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	This paper introduces new visual-physical design grammars for the design and manufacture of building assembly systems that provide visually rich, culturally resonant design variations for housing. The building systems are intended to be tailored for particular cultures and communities by incorporating vernacular, decorative design into the assembly design. Two complementary areas of computational design research are brought together in this work: shape grammars and digital fabrication. The visual or graphic aspects of the research are explored through shape grammars. The physical design and manufacturing aspects are explored through advanced digital design and fabrication technologies and, in particular, build on recent work on mono-material assemblies with interlocking components that can be fabricated with CNC machines and assembled easily by hand on-site (Sass, 2007). This paper describes the initial, proof-of-concept stage of this work: the development of an automated, visual-physical grammar for an assembly system based on a vernacular language of Greek meander designs. A shape grammar for the two-dimensional Greek meander language (Knight, 1986) was translated into a three-dimensional assembly system. The components of the system are uniquely designed, concrete “meander bricks” (Figure 1). The components have integrated alignment features so that they can be easily fitted and locked together manually without binding materials. Components interlock horizontally to form courses, and courses interlock vertically in different ways to produce a visual variety of meander walls. The assembly components were prototyped at desktop scale with a layered manufacturing machine to test their appearance after assembly and their potential for design variations (Figure 2). Components were then evaluated as full-scale concrete objects for satisfaction of physical constraints related to concrete forming and component strength. The automated grammar (computer program) for this system generates assembly design variations with complete CAD/CAM data for fabrication of components formed from layered, CNC cut molds. Using the grammar, a full-scale mockup of a corner wall section was constructed to assess the structural, material, and aesthetic feasibility of the system, as well as ease of assembly. The results of this study demonstrate clearly the potentials for embedding visual properties in structural systems. They provide the foundations for further work on assembly systems for complete houses and other small-scale structures, and grammars to generate them. In the long-term, this research will lead to new solutions for economical, easily manufactured housing which is especially critical in developing countries and for post-disaster environments. These new housing solutions will not only provide shelter but will also support important cultural values through the integration of familiar visual design features. The use of inexpensive, portable digital design and fabrication technologies will allow local communities to be active, cooperative participants in the design and construction of their homes. Beyond the specific context of housing, visual-physical grammars have the potential to positively impact design and manufacture of designed artifacts at many scales, and in many domains, particularly for artifacts where visual aesthetics need to be considered jointly with physical or material requirements and design customization or variation is important.
keywords	Shape grammar, digital fabrication, building assembly, mass customization, housing
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:54

_id	acadia16_140
id	acadia16_140
authors	Nejur, Andrei; Steinfeld, Kyle
year	2016
title	Ivy: Bringing a Weighted-Mesh Representations to Bear on Generative Architectural Design Applications
source	ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines [Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-77095-5] Ann Arbor 27-29 October, 2016, pp. 140-151
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2016.140
summary	Mesh segmentation has become an important and well-researched topic in computational geometry in recent years (Agathos et al. 2008). As a result, a number of new approaches have been developed that have led to innovations in a diverse set of problems in computer graphics (CG) (Sharmir 2008). Specifically, a range of effective methods for the division of a mesh have recently been proposed, including by K-means (Shlafman et al. 2002), graph cuts (Golovinskiy and Funkhouser 2008; Katz and Tal 2003), hierarchical clustering (Garland et al. 2001; Gelfand and Guibas 2004; Golovinskiy and Funkhouser 2008), primitive fitting (Athene et al. 2004), random walks (Lai et al.), core extraction (Katz et al.) tubular multi-scale analysis (Mortara et al. 2004), spectral clustering (Liu and Zhang 2004), and critical point analysis (Lin et al. 20070, all of which depend upon a weighted graph representation, typically the dual of a given mesh (Sharmir 2008). While these approaches have been proven effective within the narrowly defined domains of application for which they have been developed (Chen 2009), they have not been brought to bear on wider classes of problems in fields outside of CG, specifically on problems relevant to generative architectural design. Given the widespread use of meshes and the utility of segmentation in GAD, by surveying the relevant and recently matured approaches to mesh segmentation in CG that share a common representation of the mesh dual, this paper identifies and takes steps to address a heretofore unrealized transfer of technology that would resolve a missed opportunity for both subject areas. Meshes are often employed by architectural designers for purposes that are distinct from and present a unique set of requirements in relation to similar applications that have enjoyed more focused study in computer science. This paper presents a survey of similar applications, including thin-sheet fabrication (Mitani and Suzuki 2004), rendering optimization (Garland et al. 2001), 3D mesh compression (Taubin et al. 1998), morphin (Shapira et al. 2008) and mesh simplification (Kalvin and Taylor 1996), and distinguish the requirements of these applications from those presented by GAD, including non-refinement in advance of the constraining of mesh geometry to planar-quad faces, and the ability to address a diversity of mesh features that may or may not be preserved. Following this survey of existing approaches and unmet needs, the authors assert that if a generalized framework for working with graph representations of meshes is developed, allowing for the interactive adjustment of edge weights, then the recent developments in mesh segmentation may be better brought to bear on GAD problems. This paper presents work toward the development of just such a framework, implemented as a plug-in for the visual programming environment Grasshopper.
keywords	tool-building, design simulation, fabrication, computation, megalith
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ddss2008-04
id	ddss2008-04
authors	Osaragi, Toshihiro and Kenichi Ogawa
year	2008
title	Brand Value of Area-Images Extracted from SpatialDistribution of Building Names
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	Our area-images are composed of evaluations derived from the various kinds of elements or activities within different regions. In quantitative terms, the extraction of area-images is difficult. In this paper, we focus on a phenomenon in which a part of people’s area-image can be observed in the names of buildings. In the first instance, a model based on the random utility theory is constructed to describe the spatial distribution of building names. Secondly, the proposed model is calibrated using actual data from the city of Tokyo (Setagaya Ward), and effects of such area-elements or activities on area-images are then estimated. Finally, values for the area-images are quantitatively estimated and their spatial distribution is represented on a map.
keywords	Brand-value, Area-image, Building name, Spatial distribution, Logit model
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	acadia11_152
id	acadia11_152
authors	Rael, Ronald; San Fratello, Virginia
year	2011
title	Developing Concrete Polymer Building Components for 3D Printing
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 152-157
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.152
summary	The creation of building components that can be seen as sustainable, inexpensive, stronger, recyclable, customizable and perhaps even reparable to the environment is an urgent, and critical focus of architectural research. In the U.S. alone, the construction industry produced 143.5 million tons of building-related construction and demolition debris in 2008, and buildings, in their consumption of energy produce more greenhouse gasses than automobiles or industry.Because the inherent nature of 3D printing opens new possibilities for shaping materials, the process will reshape the way we think about architectural building components. Digital materiality, a term coined by Italian and Swiss architects Fabio Gramazio and Matthias Kohler, describes materiality increasingly enriched with digital characteristics where data, material, programming and construction are interwoven (Gramazio and Kohler, 2008). The research aspires towards this classification through the use of parametric modeling tools, analytic software and quantitative and qualitative analysis. Rapid prototyping, which is the automatic construction of physical objects using additive manufacturing technology, typically employs materials intended for the immediate analysis of form, scale, and tactility. Rarely do the materials used in this process have any long-term value, nor does the process - except in rare cases with expensive metal prototyping - have the ability to create actual and sustainable working products. This research intends to alter this state of affairs by developing methods for 3D printing using concrete for the production of long-lasting performance-based components.
series	ACADIA
type	work in progress
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ijac20076103
id	ijac20076103
authors	Tonn, Christian; Petzold, Frank; Bimber, Oliver; Grundhofer, Anselm; Donath, Dirk
year	2008
title	Spatial Augmented Reality for Architecture Designing and planning with and within existing buildings
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 6 - no. 1, pp. 41-58
summary	At present, more than half of all building activity in the German building sector is undertaken within existing built contexts. The development of a conceptual and technological basis for the digital support of design directly on site, within an existing building context is the focus of the research project "Spatial Augmented Reality for Architecture" (SAR). This paper describes the goals achieved in one aspect of the project: the sampling of colors and materials at a scale of 1:1 using Augmented Reality (AR) technologies. We present initial results from the project; the development of an ad-hoc visualization of interactive data on arbitrary surfaces in real-world indoor environments using a mobile hardware setup. With this, it was possible to project the color and material qualities of a design directly onto almost all surfaces within a geometrically corrected, existing building. Initially, a software prototype "Spatial Augmented Reality for Architecture-Colored Architecture" (SAR-CA) was developed and then assessed based on evaluation results from a user study.
series	journal
last changed	2008/06/18 08:12

_id	sigradi2010_362
id	sigradi2010_362
authors	Villazón, Rafael; Bravo Germán; Trujillo Augusto
year	2010
title	Conservación digital de las prácticas constructivas utilizando el sistema KOC. Estudio de caso: Edificio Mario Laserna [Digital preservation of building practices, using the KOC system. Case study: Mario Laserna building]
source	SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 362-365
summary	Around the middle of the 20th century, construction techniques in Colombia displayed important technical advances, but because there was a lack of documentation strategies most of this knowledge was lost. However, in 2008 the Mario Laserna building at Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, received the XVII International Cemex Building Award for its contribution to the development of construction technology using concrete. Considering the problem of recording the lessons learned from this experience, this paper demonstrates how to carry out the digital preservation of technical knowledge in the field of construction by means of the Knowledge Objects of Construction (KOC) system, specifically the construction process for a concrete beam.
keywords	heritage conservation, construction practices, knowledge - based systems, data acquisition protocol
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:02

_id	caadria2008_50_session5a_409
id	caadria2008_50_session5a_409
authors	Wessel, Ginette M.; Eric J. Sauda, Remco Chang
year	2008
title	Urban Visualization: Urban Design and Computer Visualization
source	CAADRIA 2008 [Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Chiang Mai (Thailand) 9-12 April 2008, pp. 409-416
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2008.409
summary	Historically, the city represents not just a collection of buildings, but also the concrete cosmology of the world. The importance of geometry in this context is that one can be assured that one’s understanding of the form of the city will correspond to meaning. It is this reading that is the canonical visualization method of the city form. But contemporary urban designers are confronted by cities with overlapping systems of movement and information that has made the reading of geometry insufficient for an understanding of the city. Our interdisciplinary team of researchers has been studying issues related to urban visualization from the perspectives of urban design and computer visualization. Together, we have published work demonstrating how very large and disparate data sets can be visualized and integrated in unique ways. Building on this existing work that connects the two disciplines, this paper presents a survey of six urban design methodologies that may be useful for visualization. Each approach is described through a brief history, a conceptual overview and a diagrammatic exegesis. The conclusion presents an overview of the complementary natures of the discourses in urban design and computer visualization and a prospectus for application of the identified methodologies to computer urban visualization. We conclude that urban theories can inform urban visualization both as a method of informing generation and run-time simplification of 3D geometric modeling and in managing information visualization overlay issues for the very large, over-lapping data sets.
keywords	Visualization: urbanism
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	caadria2008_59_session6a_487
id	caadria2008_59_session6a_487
authors	Chevrier, C.; J.P. Perrin
year	2008
title	Interactive parametric modelling: POG a tool the cultural heritage monument 3D reconstruction
source	CAADRIA 2008 [Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Chiang Mai (Thailand) 9-12 April 2008, pp. 487-493
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2008.487
summary	Historic monument and archaeological site 3D reconstruction is nowadays often required for many applications (scientific and architectural studies, virtual visits for a better understanding of the monument, etc). This task is very time-consuming. Automating the modelling of the most common components could ease this 3D work and produce accurate, consistent and re-usable models. Based upon compound rules of architectural elements but also upon various other data sources such as photographs and 3D laser scans, we have conceived and developed an interactive tool for virtual 3D reconstruction of heritage monuments. It allows a quick modelling and accurate adjustments to the measured data. This tool could be a great help for architects and archaeologists. Research first has began with the study of classical architecture, and has gone on with other architectural styles. Architectural elements are described with parametric data, then generated by our tool. Our main application context was the town of Nancy in France where there are lots of classical architecture buildings which allow us to test our tool. It will be further extended to be applied to other architectural styles and will be combined with photogrammetry methods.
keywords	parametric modelling, cultural heritage, 3D model
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ddss2008-30
id	ddss2008-30
authors	Hemmerling, Marco
year	2008
title	Digital MaterialPerception, Interaction and Immersion in Virtual Environments
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	This paper outlines two major aspects of virtual environments for architectural design. On the one hand it focusses on how to use virtual reality as an extended tool to generate spatial design by building up and interacting with a three-dimensional digital model. On the other hand it describes - based on a case study - the relation between perception, interaction and immersion in virtual environments. Both approaches can be interconnected to a continues design process, that allows the designer to create, manipulate, visualize and decide on spatial concepts in a holistic three-dimensional simulation.
keywords	Virtual Environment, Digital Architecture, Immersion, Perception, Human-Computer Interaction
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

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