Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	sigradi2016_450
id	sigradi2016_450
authors	Araujo, André L.; Celani, Gabriela
year	2016
title	Exploring Weaire-Phelan through Cellular Automata: A proposal for a structural variance-producing engine
source	SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.710-714
summary	Complex forms and structures have always been highly valued in architecture, even much before the development of computers. Many architects and engineers have strived to develop structures that look very complex but at the same time are relatively simple to understand, calculate and build. A good example of this approach is the Beijing National Aquatics Centre design for the 2008 Olympic Games, also known as the Water Cube. This paper presents a proposal for a structural variance-producing engine using cellular automata (CA) techniques to produce complex structures based on Weaire-Phelan geometry. In other words, this research evaluates how generative and parametric design can be integrated with structural performance in order to enhance design flexibility and control in different stages of the design process. The method we propose was built in three groups of procedures: 1) we developed a method to generate several fits for the two Weaire-Phelan polyhedrons using CA computation techniques; 2) through the finite elements method, we codify the structural analysis outcomes to use them as inputs for the CA algorithm; 3) evaluation: we propose a framework to compare how the final outcomes deviate for the good solutions in terms of structural performance and rationalization of components. We are interested in knowing how the combination of the procedures could contribute to produce complex structures that are at the same time certain rational. The system developed allows the structural analysis of structured automatically generated by a generative system. However, some efficient solutions from the structural performance point of view do not necessarily represent a rational solution from the feasibility aspects.
keywords	Structural design; Complex structures; Bottom-up design approach
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	acadia11_242
id	acadia11_242
authors	Braumann, Johannes; Brell-Cokcan, Sigrid
year	2011
title	Parametric Robot Control: Integrated CAD/CAM for Architectural Design
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 242-251
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.242
summary	Robots are gaining popularity in architecture. Snøhetta has recently purchased their own industrial robot, becoming one of the first architectural offices to adopt robot technology. As more and more architects are exposed to robotic fabrication, the need for easy interoperability, integration into architectural design tools and general accessibility will increase. Architects are discovering that industrial robots are much more than kinematic machines for stacking bricks, welding or milling - they are highly multifunctional and can be used for a huge variety of tasks. However, industry standard software does not provide easy solutions for allowing direct robot control right from CAAD (Computer Aided Architectural Design) systems. In this paper we will discuss existing methods of programming industrial robots, published architectural results (Gramazio and Kohler 2008) and the design of a new user interface that allows intuitive control of parametric designs and customized robotic mass production, by integrating CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) functions into CAAD.
keywords	robot programming; parametric design; mass customization; grasshopper component design; fabrication; robot milling; digital architecture
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2016_027
id	ascaad2016_027
authors	Cocho-Bermejo, Ana
year	2016
title	Time in Adaptable Architecture - Deployable emergency intelligent membrane
source	Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 249-258
summary	The term "Parametricism" widespread mainly by Patrick Schumacher (Schumacher, 2008) is worthy of study. Developing the concept of Human Oriented Parametric Architecture, the need of implementing time as the lost parameter in current adaptive design techniques will be discussed. Morphogenetic processes ideas will be discussed through the principle of an adaptable membrane as a case study. A model implementing a unique Arduino[i] on the façade will control its patterns performance through an Artificial Neural Network that will understand the kind of scenario the building is in, activating a Genetic Algorithm that will optimize the insulation performance of the ETFE pillows. The system will work with a global behavior for façade pattern performance and with a local one for each pillow, giving the option of individual sun-shading control. Machine learning implementation will give the façade the possibility to learn from the efficacy of its decisions through time, eliminating the need of a general on-off behavior.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2017/05/25 13:31

_id	acadia08_354
id	acadia08_354
authors	Vanucci, Marco
year	2008
title	Pluri-Potential Branching System
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 354-363
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.354
summary	In contemporary construction industry, parametric softwares are often employed in design processes of rationalization and post-rationalization where, given a certain project, the answer to specific problems is required to actualize the desired shape [problem-solving approach]. ¶ This paper outlines a research project intended to develop a generative approach to digital design where the employment of parametric and algorithmic tools provide the possibility to set up integral multi-parametric systems; organizational as well as geometrical and structural aspects are investigated and, in parallel, they inform each other. ¶ The paper unfolds through constant reference to natural systems and, more specifically, develops the notion of pluri-potential systems deriving principle from the interaction between biological processes and computation. ¶ The results address the shift from mono-parametric problem-solving approaches to a generative problem-caring process where the integration of multiple system logics contribute to the development of a virtual pluri-potential set up. ¶ Finally, the paper explore the generative interdependency between structural, geometrical, organizational and computational logics of a system studying the manifold potentials of branching structures in the attempt to explore the emergent synergy between biological processes, computation and architectural design.
keywords	Branching; Evolution; Generative; Open Systems; Parametric
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaade2008_040
id	ecaade2008_040
authors	Baerlecken, Daniel; Kobiella, Olaf
year	2008
title	Math Objects
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 677-684
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.677
summary	The paper discusses mathematical form generation as an academic methodology to develop new approaches to architectural design. The academic design studio ‘Math objects’ investigates the relationship between complex 3d-surfaces and mathematics in order to expand the formal repertoire of architecture. It claims that the process of form generation can be seen as an autonomous entity, which is independent from an overall strategy or any a priori meaning. Architecture has always originated from a concept, eventually progressing towards a certain form. This methodology has been reversed. The paper discusses two studios undertaken in the last year, led by Daniel Baerlecken and Olaf Kobiella at the TU Braunschweig, Germany.
keywords	Generative design, design methodology: architectural design teaching, parametric form generation, NURBS-modelling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia08_118
id	acadia08_118
authors	Cabrinha, Mark
year	2008
title	Gridshell Tectonics: Material Values Digital Parameters
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 118-125
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.118
summary	This paper begins with a simple proposition: rather than mimicking the geometric structures found in nature, perhaps the most effective modes of sustainable fabrication can be found through understanding the nature of materials themselves. Material becomes a design parameter through the constraints of fabrication tools, limitations of material size, and most importantly the productive capacity of material resistance—a given material’s capacity and tendencies to take shape, rather than cutting shape out of material. ¶ Gridshell structures provide an intriguing case study to pursue this proposition. Not only is there clear precedent in the form-finding experiments of Frei Otto and the Institute for Lightweight Structures, but also the very NURBS based tools of current design practices developed from the ability of wood to bend. Taking the bent wood spline quite literally, gridshells provide a means that is at once formally expressive, structurally optimized, materially efficient, and quite simply a delight to experience. The larger motivation of this work anticipates a parametric system linking the intrinsic material values of the gridshell tectonic with extrinsic criteria such as programmatic needs and environmental response. ¶ Through an applied case study of gridshells, the play between form and material is tested out through the author’s own experimentation with gridshells and the pedagogical results of two gridshell studios. The goal of this research is to establish a give-and-take relationship between top-down formal emphasis and a bottom-up material influence.
keywords	Digital Fabrication; Form-Finding; Material; Pedagogy; Structure
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cdc2008_065
id	cdc2008_065
authors	Celento, David and Del Harrow
year	2008
title	CeramiSKIN: Biophilic Topological Potentials for Microscopic and Macroscopic Data in Ceramic Cladding
source	First International Conference on Critical Digital: What Matters(s)? - 18-19 April 2008, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge (USA), pp. 65-76
summary	CeramiSKIN is an inter-disciplinary investigation examining recursive patterns found in organic matter. Through the use of digital capture and translation techniques, these biophilic systems may serve as topological generators for structural and ornamental consequences well-suited to mass-customizable ceramic cladding systems for architecture. Digital information is acquired through laser scanning and confocal electron microscopy, then deformed using particle physics engines and parametric transformations to create a range of effects promulgated through digital fabrication techniques. This inquiry is primarily concerned with two questions: Is it possible that natural systems may be digitally captured and translated into biophilic structural forms and/or ornamental effects that may foster beneficial responses in humans? / Since natural orders eschew rigid manifold geometries in favor of compound plastic shapes, is it possible to fabricate mass-customized, large-scale biophilic ceramic cladding from organic digital data?
keywords	Ceramic cladding systems, biophilia in architecture, digital design, digital fabrication, masscustomization
email
last changed	2009/01/07 08:05

_id	caadria2008_61_session6a_501
id	caadria2008_61_session6a_501
authors	Christensen, Peter; Marc Aurel Schnabel
year	2008
title	Spatial polyphony: Virtual Architecture Generated from the Music of J.S. Bach
source	CAADRIA 2008 [Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Chiang Mai (Thailand) 9-12 April 2008, pp. 501-509
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2008.501
summary	This paper documents the process and outcomes of a digital design project with the aim of translating music into architecture. Parametric software has been used to generate 48 virtual forms from the preludes and fugues of Book I of The Well-Tempered Clavier (bwv 846-869), by Johann Sebastian Bach. The paper discusses historical connections between architecture and music in the Western tradition and in relation to contemporary thought and practice.
keywords	Architecture: music; digital; parametric
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	cdc2008_111
id	cdc2008_111
authors	Dounas, Theodore
year	2008
title	Algebras, Geometries and Algorithms, Or How Architecture fought the Law and the Law Won
source	First International Conference on Critical Digital: What Matters(s)? - 18-19 April 2008, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge (USA), pp. 111-114
summary	An Architect is required to deal quite often with a restrictive piece of Building Code during his/her practice, especially in traditional and hence protected environments. The paper examines the algorithmic nature of such a Building Code and in particular the President's Decree governing the design and architecture of traditional housing in the Old Town, “Ano Poli”, in Thessaloniki Greece. The nature of the constraints and descriptions the Decree contains is algorithmic, which means that the descriptions of the constraints is procedural with a specific start and a specific finish for a house design. The problem with such descriptions in a Law is that, although an architect can develop his/her own interpretations of the traditional language of the area, or even be able to trace his/her designs using shape grammars derived from traditional buildings preserved until today, the final result cannot be approved for a building permit since it does not comply with the Presidential Decree. We suggest that the nature of such legislation should be algebraic in nature and not algorithmic, since algebras allow an amount of freedom in development of architectural language while also permitting the restriction of scale, height and so on. This coupling of architectural design freedom and effective restriction on metrics of new buildings contained in algebraic systems can be shown to be much more effective than the established algorithmic system. The Decree's content comprises of regulations concerning the volume, form and use of new buildings in the protected and conserved built environment of “Ano Poli” in Thessaloniki.
last changed	2009/01/07 08:05

_id	cdc2008_105
id	cdc2008_105
authors	Friedrich, Christian
year	2008
title	Information-matter hybrids: Prototypes engaging immediacy as architectural quality
source	First International Conference on Critical Digital: What Matters(s)? - 18-19 April 2008, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge (USA), pp. 105-110
summary	‘Immediate Architecture’ is an exploratory investigation into possibilities of immediate interactive and constructive interaction with the built environment supported by digital technologies. Aim is to realize interactive reconfigurable architectural objects that support their informational and material reconfiguration in real-time. The outcome is intended to become a synergetic amalgam of interactive architecture, parametric design environment, automated component fabrication and assembly. To this end, computational and material strategies are developed to approach the condition of immediate architecture and applied in real-world prototypes. A series of developed techniques are presented, ranging from realtime volumetric modeling, behavioral programming and meta-application protocol to streaming fabrication and dynamic components for interactive architecture.
email
last changed	2009/01/07 08:05

_id	ecaade2008_070
id	ecaade2008_070
authors	Guéna, François; Untersteller, Louis-Paul
year	2008
title	Computing Different Projections of a Polyhedral Scene from a Single 2D Sketch
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 195-200
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.195
summary	This paper presents the development of a tool which is capable of compute several projections of a polyhedral scene from a single axonometric or perspective projection. This projection is hand-drawn and may be incomplete. This sketch can be rotated with a kind of trackball and the tool computes in real-time new projections. In that way the designer can choose another view from which he is able to control and complete the sketch and carry on designing. So this tool can be useful for exploring architectural forms in the early phases of the design process. Unlike others freehand sketching interfaces, the system does not operate any reconstruction in 3D. Everything is computed in a 2D world.
keywords	Architectural Design, Sketching, Projective Geometry, Duality, 3D Reconstruction
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadia08_158
id	acadia08_158
authors	Hight, Christopher; Natalia Beard; Michael Robinson
year	2008
title	Hydrauli_City: Urban Design, Infrastructure, Ecology
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 158-165
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.158
summary	The Hydrauli_city project was commissioned by the Harris County Flood Control District, Brays Bayou Partnership and the Rice School of Architecture to research the transformation of one of the 21 main Bayous in Houston. The project seems perfectly aligned with the theme of the issue because it examines the relationship between infrastructure, risk and urban design, and does so by attempting to leverage diverse time scales and scales of intervention into the maintenance of this infrastructure, rethinking the legacy of its top-down 20th century planning logics. Moreover, it raises key questions about new agencies and sites that may be available to architects that seek to engage the political ecologies of the contemporary metropolis. Through research on the hydraulic urbanism of Houston and through three speculative design proposals, Hydrauli_city presents research about transforming Brays Bayou. The project attempts to provide a figure for and foster the new forms of collectives and networks required to transform the urban condition of Houston without resorting to unrealistic top-down planning infrastructures. We located several scales and time-frames of operations, from micro-scaled interventions derived from ongoing maintenance of the bayous to larger scale transformations now possible due to the programs to reduce the risk of flooding in the bayou’s watershed. Hydrauli_city maps the confluences of interests and agencies invested in Brays Bayou at this crucial moment in its history, and offers proposals of bold new civic spaces for the Green Century. The project will be disseminated via an interactive website and a series of public presentations to raise awareness and spark conversation. Flood risk management is a hybrid phenomenon, at once the object of scientific knowledge, engineering practice, and political and economic forces, positioning the architect in a prime-position to intervene.
keywords	Infrastructure; Mapping; Morphogenesis; System; Urbanism
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2008_091
id	ecaade2008_091
authors	Holzer, Dominik
year	2008
title	Let’s get Physical
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 125-132
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.125
summary	This paper presents an approach for familiarizing architecture students with concepts of environmental performance in the early design stages. A design studio was run at the University of Technology Sydney by Leena Thomas and the author where students were applying building performance analysis to inform their design process from the very beginning of the semester. Students were using parametric design and evolutionary structural optimization in conjunction with environmental performance optimization. Michael Hensel and Defne Sunguroglu (Ocean North) joined the studio at half time for a workshop to investigate how processes occurring in nature can be mapped to inform the morphological design process. In spite the multitude of challenges put to the students during the semester in regard to their design methodology and techniques, they were able to produce highly performative and aesthetically pleasing design outcomes.
keywords	environmental design, structural optimization, parametric design, design education, morphologic design exploration
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2008_012
id	ecaade2008_012
authors	Hudson, Roly
year	2008
title	Frameworks for Practical Parametric Design in Architecture
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 847-854
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.847
summary	This paper is aimed at the development of a theoretical framework that addresses practical applications of parametric design that have been observed in architectural practice. Existing theoretical frameworks are not aimed at addressing this specific use of parametric tools but do provide a set of key themes. Based on these themes a simplified structure is presented here as a means for tackling architectural design development tasks. This is then used in order to examine a case study; the parametric design tasks involved in the design development and documentation of the new Lansdowne Road Stadium in Dublin Ireland. This project was undertaken in collaboration with HOK Sport Architects. The findings from this examination are used to discuss proposals and implications for a practical framework for parametric design in architecture.
keywords	Parametric, Practice, Theory, Case Study, Lansdowne Road Stadium
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	cdc2008_149
id	cdc2008_149
authors	Kolarevic, Branko
year	2008
title	Post-Digital Architecture: Towards Integrative Design
source	First International Conference on Critical Digital: What Matters(s)? - 18-19 April 2008, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge (USA), pp. 149-156
summary	In this paper, an alternative vision of integrated design is proposed that is more open, fluid, pliable, and opportunistic in its search of collaborative alliances and agendas. This alternative approach is referred to as integrative design, in which methods, processes, and techniques are discovered, appropriated, adapted, and altered from “elsewhere,” and often “digitally” pursued. The designers who engage design as a broadly integrative endeavor fluidly navigate across different disciplinary territories, and deploy algorithmic thinking, biomimicry, computation, digital fabrication, material exploration, and/or performance analyses to discover and create a process, technique, or a product that is qualitatively new.
last changed	2009/01/07 08:05

_id	cdc2008_243
id	cdc2008_243
authors	Loukissas, Yanni
year	2008
title	Keepers of the Geometry: Architects in a Culture of Simulation
source	First International Conference on Critical Digital: What Matters(s)? - 18-19 April 2008, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge (USA), pp. 243-244
summary	“Why do we have to change? We’ve been building buildings for years without CATIA?” Roger Norfleet, a practicing architect in his thirties poses this question to Tim Quix, a generation older and an expert in CATIA, a computer-aided design tool developed by Dassault Systemes in the early 1980’s for use by aerospace engineers. It is 2005 and CATIA has just come into use at Paul Morris Associates, the thirty-person architecture firm where Norfleet works; he is struggling with what it will mean for him, for his firm, for his profession. Computer-aided design is about creativity, but also about jurisdiction, about who controls the design process. In Architecture: The Story of Practice, Architectural theorist Dana Cuff writes that each generation of architects is educated to understand what constitutes a creative act and who in the system of their profession is empowered to use it and at what time. Creativity is socially constructed and Norfleet is coming of age as an architect in a time of technological but also social transition. He must come to terms with the increasingly complex computeraided design tools that have changed both creativity and the rules by which it can operate. In today’s practices, architects use computer-aided design software to produce threedimensional geometric models. Sometimes they use off-the-shelf commercial software like CATIA, sometimes they customize this software through plug-ins and macros, sometimes they work with software that they have themselves programmed. And yet, conforming to Larson’s ideas that they claim the higher ground by identifying with art and not with science, contemporary architects do not often use the term “simulation.” Rather, they have held onto traditional terms such as “modeling” to describe the buzz of new activity with digital technology. But whether or not they use the term, simulation is creating new architectural identities and transforming relationships among a range of design collaborators: masters and apprentices, students and teachers, technical experts and virtuoso programmers. These days, constructing an identity as an architect requires that one define oneself in relation to simulation. Case studies, primarily from two architectural firms, illustrate the transformation of traditional relationships, in particular that of master and apprentice, and the emergence of new roles, including a new professional identity, “keeper of the geometry,” defined by the fusion of person and machine. Like any profession, architecture may be seen as a system in flux. However, with their new roles and relationships, architects are learning that the fight for professional jurisdiction is increasingly for jurisdiction over simulation. Computer-aided design is changing professional patterns of production in architecture, the very way in which professionals compete with each other by making new claims to knowledge. Even today, employees at Paul Morris squabble about the role that simulation software should play in the office. Among other things, they fight about the role it should play in promotion and firm hierarchy. They bicker about the selection of new simulation software, knowing that choosing software implies greater power for those who are expert in it. Architects and their collaborators are in a continual struggle to define the creative roles that can bring them professional acceptance and greater control over design. New technologies for computer-aided design do not change this reality, they become players in it.
email
last changed	2009/01/07 08:05

_id	ecaade2008_068
id	ecaade2008_068
authors	Mark, Earl
year	2008
title	Animated Parametric Rapid Prototyping
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 897-904
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.897
summary	This paper reports on the use of animation to enhance the observable range of choices in parametric rapid prototyping. Animation extends parametric rapid prototyping in three ways. First, it is used to reveal dynamically a set of possible forms from which to pick out one that may best serve a particular design project. That is, by animating the parameters that drive the geometrical model, we can visualize the continuum of alternatives that lie between specific key-framed settings of an architectural form. Second, animation can be used to pre-visualize a series of geometrical constructions for transforming a relatively raw three-dimensional form into one that satisfies the demands of a completed architectural project. Third, animation can be used to pre-visualize transformations of a given structure based on parameters set to adapt to varied conditions. In each case study, physical models were assembled through CNC fabrication.
keywords	animation, scripting, parametric, rapid prototyping, design studio
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	cdc2008_057
id	cdc2008_057
authors	Onur, Gun and Jonas Coersmeier
year	2008
title	Progressions in Defining the Digital Ground for Component Making
source	First International Conference on Critical Digital: What Matters(s)? - 18-19 April 2008, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge (USA), pp. 57-64
summary	Terms digital and computation, once accepted as emergent understandings in design, became commonly known and used in recent years. Transformation of techniques from analog to digital created a shift in the understandings as well as products of design. Digital design exploration enabled the designers’ exposure to variety and richness. Increasing number of digital tools became easily-accessible. Thus design thinking in both practice and academia was transformed. Computation, via increasing power and speed of processing, offers mass information execution. Once this power was utilized to inform the discrete pieces of design, “component making” quickly became one of the trends in architectural design. Idea of components transformed the enclosing forms of architecture into subdivision surfaces which act as fields for components to aggregate on. While there has been a great interest in creating variety via manipulation of components as individual members, the characteristics of the surfaces became overlooked via common use of parametric (UV) subdivision. This paper, with a critical look at the current component field generation techniques, focuses on alternative methods of transforming a surface into a digital ground for component aggregation. Series of studies address and deal with various pitfalls of component design and application on software-dictated UV subdivision surfaces. Studies aim to release the component design logic from being software-specific by creation and use of customized digital tools and scripts.
email
last changed	2009/01/07 08:05

_id	ijac20076203
id	ijac20076203
authors	Ophir, Yaniv
year	2008
title	Go with the flow: particle systems for program modeling in high-rise buildings
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 6 - no. 2, pp. 171-196
summary	This paper revisits the particle flow system, a time-based computational tool, which has received a lot of attention from the early pioneers of digital architecture. The use of particle flow systems in architecture enables designers to materialize what they term as site forces which can later be formalized into a building. The methods offered by various designers for using particle flow systems in architecture have kept the discourse purely formal by focusing on the exterior and neglecting the interior. This paper offers a different way of using and conceptualizing particle flow systems in architecture. Shifting the emphasis from the formal, the paper aims to show the potential of using particle flow systems as a parametric model for exploring the spatial organization of an architectural program. This paper also illustrates the application of the proposed computational model, i.e., the particle flow system, by using a case study - the design of a high-rise building in downtown Tel Aviv, Israel.
series	journal
last changed	2008/10/01 21:49

_id	sigradi2008_166
id	sigradi2008_166
authors	Papanikolaou, Dimitris
year	2008
title	Digital Fabrication Production System Theory: Towards an Integrated Environment for Design and Production of Assemblies
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	A Digital Fabrication Production System (DFPS) is a concept describing a set of processes, tools, and resources that will be able to produce an artifact according to a design, fast, cheap, and easy, independently of location. A DFPS project is a complex assembly of custom parts that is delivered by a network of fabrication and assembly processes. This network is called the value chain. The workflow concept of a DFPS is the following: begin design process with a custom geometric form; decompose it into constructible parts; send the part files for fabrication to various locations; transport all parts at the construction site at the right time; finally, assemble the final artifact. Conceptually it means that based on a well structured value chain we could build anything we want, at anyplace, at controllable cost and quality. The goals of a DFPS are the following: custom shapes, controllable lead time, controllable quality, controllable cost, easiness of fabrication, and easiness of assembly. Simply stated this means to build any form, anywhere, accurately, cheap, fast, and easy. Unfortunately, the reality with current Digital Fabrication (DF) projects is rather disappointing: They take more time than what was planned, they get more expensive than what was expected, they involve great risk and uncertainty, and finally they are too complex to plan, understand, and manage. Moreover, most of these problems are discovered during production when it is already late for correction. However, there is currently no systematic approach to evaluate difficulty of production of DF projects in Architecture. Most of current risk assessment methods are based on experience gathered from previous similar cases. But it is the premise of mass customization that projects can be radically different. Assembly incompatibilities are currently addressed by building physical mockups. But physical mockups cause a significant loss in both time and cost. All these problems suggest that an introduction of a DFPS for mass customization in architecture needs first an integrated theory of assembly and management control. Evaluating feasibility of a DF project has two main problems: first, how to evaluate assemblability of the design; second, how to evaluate performance of the value chain. Assemblability is a system’s structure problem, while performance is a system’s dynamics problem. Structure of systems has been studied in the field of Systems Engineering by Network Analysis methods such as the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) (Steward 1981), and the liaison graph (Whitney 2004), while dynamics of systems have been studied by System Dynamics (Forrester 1961). Can we define a formal method to evaluate the difficulty of production of an artifact if we know the artifact’s design and the production system’s structure? This paper formulates Attribute Process Methodology (APM); a method for assessing feasibility of a DFPS project that combines Network Analysis to evaluate assemblability of the design with System Dynamics to evaluate performance of the value chain.
keywords	Digital Fabrication, Production System, System Dynamics, Network Analysis, Assembly
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:57

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