Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2011_p127
id	cf2011_p127
authors	Benros, Deborah; Granadeiro Vasco, Duarte Jose, Knight Terry
year	2011
title	Integrated Design and Building System for the Provision of Customized Housing: the Case of Post-Earthquake Haiti
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 247-264.
summary	The paper proposes integrated design and building systems for the provision of sustainable customized housing. It advances previous work by applying a methodology to generate these systems from vernacular precedents. The methodology is based on the use of shape grammars to derive and encode a contemporary system from the precedents. The combined set of rules can be applied to generate housing solutions tailored to specific user and site contexts. The provision of housing to shelter the population affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake illustrates the application of the methodology. A computer implementation is currently under development in C# using the BIM platform provided by Revit. The world experiences a sharp increase in population and a strong urbanization process. These phenomena call for the development of effective means to solve the resulting housing deficit. The response of the informal sector to the problem, which relies mainly on handcrafted processes, has resulted in an increase of urban slums in many of the big cities, which lack sanitary and spatial conditions. The formal sector has produced monotonous environments based on the idea of mass production that one size fits all, which fails to meet individual and cultural needs. We propose an alternative approach in which mass customization is used to produce planed environments that possess qualities found in historical settlements. Mass customization, a new paradigm emerging due to the technological developments of the last decades, combines the economy of scale of mass production and the aesthetics and functional qualities of customization. Mass customization of housing is defined as the provision of houses that respond to the context in which they are built. The conceptual model for the mass customization of housing used departs from the idea of a housing type, which is the combined result of three systems (Habraken, 1988) -- spatial, building system, and stylistic -- and it includes a design system, a production system, and a computer system (Duarte, 2001). In previous work, this conceptual model was tested by developing a computer system for existing design and building systems (Benr__s and Duarte, 2009). The current work advances it by developing new and original design, building, and computer systems for a particular context. The urgent need to build fast in the aftermath of catastrophes quite often overrides any cultural concerns. As a result, the shelters provided in such circumstances are indistinct and impersonal. However, taking individual and cultural aspects into account might lead to a better identification of the population with their new environment, thereby minimizing the rupture caused in their lives. As the methodology to develop new housing systems is based on the idea of architectural precedents, choosing existing vernacular housing as a precedent permits the incorporation of cultural aspects and facilitates an identification of people with the new housing. In the Haiti case study, we chose as a precedent a housetype called ‚Äúgingerbread houses‚Äù, which includes a wide range of houses from wealthy to very humble ones. Although the proposed design system was inspired by these houses, it was decided to adopt a contemporary take. The methodology to devise the new type was based on two ideas: precedents and transformations in design. In architecture, the use of precedents provides designers with typical solutions for particular problems and it constitutes a departing point for a new design. In our case, the precedent is an existing housetype. It has been shown (Duarte, 2001) that a particular housetype can be encoded by a shape grammar (Stiny, 1980) forming a design system. Studies in shape grammars have shown that the evolution of one style into another can be described as the transformation of one shape grammar into another (Knight, 1994). The used methodology departs takes off from these ideas and it comprises the following steps (Duarte, 2008): (1) Selection of precedents, (2) Derivation of an archetype; (3) Listing of rules; (4) Derivation of designs; (5) Cataloguing of solutions; (6) Derivation of tailored solution.
keywords	Mass customization, Housing, Building system, Sustainable construction, Life cycle energy consumption, Shape grammar
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p035
id	cf2011_p035
authors	Langenhan, Christoph; Weber Markus, Petzold Frank, Liwicki Marcus, Dengel Andreas
year	2011
title	Sketch-based Methods for Researching Building Layouts through the Semantic Fingerprint of Architecture
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 85-102.
summary	The paper focuses on the early stages of the design process where the architect needs assistance in finding reference projects and describes different aspects of a concept for retrieving previous design solutions with similar layout characteristics. Such references are typically used to see how others have solved a similar architectural problem or simply for inspiration. Current electronic search methods use textual information rather than graphical information. The configuration of space and the relations between rooms are hard to represent using keywords, in fact transforming these spatial configurations into verbally expressed typologies tends to result in unclear and often imprecise descriptions of architecture. Nowadays, modern IT-technologies lead to fundamental changes during the process of designing buildings. Digital representations of architecture require suitable approaches to the storage, indexing and management of information as well as adequate retrieval methods. Traditionally planning information is represented in the form of floor plans, elevations, sections and textual descriptions. State of the art digital representations include renderings, computer aided design (CAD) and semantic information like Building Information Modelling (BIM) including 2D and 3D file formats such as Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) (IAI, 2010). In the paper, we examine the development of IT-technologies in the area of case-based reasoning (Richter et al., 2007) to provide a sketch-based submission and retrieval system for publishing and researching building layouts including their manipulation and subsequent use. The user interface focuses on specifying space and their relations by drawing them. This query style supports the spatial thinking approach that architects use, who often have a visual representation in mind without being able to provide an accurate description of the spatial configuration. The semantic fingerprint proposed by (Langenhan, 2008) is a description and query language for creating an index of floor plans to store meta-data about architecture, which can be used as signature for retrieving reference projects. The functional spaces, such as living room or kitchen and the relation among on another, are used to create a fingerprint. Furthermore, we propose a visual sketch-based interface (Weber et al., 2010) based on the Touch&Write paradigm (Liwicki et al., 2010) for the submission and the retrieval phase. During the submission process the architect is sketching the space-boundaries, space relations and functional coherence's. Using state of the art document analysis techniques, the architects are supported offering an automatic detection of room boundaries and their physical relations. During the retrieval the application will interpret the sketches of the architect and find reference projects based on a similarity based search utilizing the semantic fingerprint. By recommending reference projects, architects will be able to reuse collective experience which match the current requirements. The way of performing a search using a sketch as a query is a new way of thinking and working. The retrieval of 3D models based on a sketched shape are already realized in several domains. We already propose a step further, using the semantics of a spatial configuration. Observing the design process of buildings reveals that the initial design phase serves as the foundation for the quality of the later outcome. The sketch-based approach to access valuable information using the semantic fingerprint enables the user to digitally capture knowledge about architecture, to recover and reuse it in common-sense. Furthermore, automatically analysed fingerprints can put forward both commonly used as well as best practice projects. It will be possible to rate architecture according to the fingerprint of a building.
keywords	new media, case-based reasoning, ontology, semantic building design, sketch-based, knowledge management
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	4d32
id	4d32
authors	Christian Derix, Åsmund Gamlesæter, Pablo Miranda Carranza.
year	2008
title	3d Isovists and Spatial Sensations: two methods and a case study
source	EDRA 39th Annual Conference
summary	The development of the first Isovist in 3D, is the result of a collaboration between the Aedas CDR group and the New York based architecture office Davis Brody Bond, for the design of the Ground Zero Memorial Museum. The article introduces the design context that prompted the development of 3D Isovists, and discusses 2 basic methods and their variations developed as part of the research.
keywords	Isovist, spatial perception, user cognition, visibility graph analysis
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.sfbtr8.uni-bremen.de/papers/SFB_TR%208%20Rep%20015-05_2008.pdf
last changed	2012/09/20 17:58

_id	ddss2004_ra-33
id	ddss2004_ra-33
authors	Diappi, L., P. Bolchim, and M. Buscema
year	2004
title	Improved Understanding of Urban Sprawl Using Neural Networks
source	Van Leeuwen, J.P. and H.J.P. Timmermans (eds.) Recent Advances in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN: 14020-2408-8, p. 33-49
summary	It is widely accepted that the spatial pattern of settlements is a crucial factor affecting quality of life and environmental sustainability, but few recent studies have attempted to examine the phenomenon of sprawl by modelling the process rather than adopting a descriptive approach. The issue was partly addressed by models of land use and transportation which were mainly developed in the UK and US in the 1970s and 1980s, but the major advances were made in the area of modelling transportation, while very little was achieved in the area of spatial and temporal land use. Models of land use and transportation are well-established tools, based on explicit, exogenouslyformulated rules within a theoretical framework. The new approaches of artificial intelligence, and in particular, systems involving parallel processing, (Neural Networks, Cellular Automata and Multi-Agent Systems) defined by the expression “Neurocomputing”, allow problems to be approached in the reverse, bottom-up, direction by discovering rules, relationships and scenarios from a database. In this article we examine the hypothesis that territorial micro-transformations occur according to a local logic, i.e. according to use, accessibility, the presence of services and conditions of centrality, periphericity or isolation of each territorial “cell” relative to its surroundings. The prediction capabilities of different architectures of supervised Neural networks are implemented to the south Metropolitan area of Milan at two different temporal thresholds and discussed. Starting from data on land use in 1980 and 1994 and by subdividing the area into square cells on an orthogonal grid, the model produces a spatial and functional map of urbanisation in 2008. An implementation of the SOM (Self Organizing Map) processing to the Data Base allows the typologies of transformation to be identified, i.e. the classes of area which are transformed in the same way and which give rise to territorial morphologies; this is an interesting by-product of the approach.
keywords	Neural Networks, Self-Organizing Maps, Land-Use Dynamics, Supervised Networks
series	DDSS
last changed	2004/07/03 22:13

_id	caadria2008_62_session6a_510
id	caadria2008_62_session6a_510
authors	Diniz, Nancy
year	2008
title	Body tailored space: Configuring Space through Embodiment
source	CAADRIA 2008 [Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Chiang Mai (Thailand) 9-12 April 2008, pp. 510-517
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2008.510
summary	With this project I propose that embodiment can be more emphasized and better supported in space-design frameworks. This paper presents background on several theories of embodiment since the beginning of the twentieth century to recent developments of the concept in tangible and social computing and anticipate that this reveals pathways for designing new embodiment framework systems for architecture. I suggest that architecture and interactive computing can share a common theoretical foundation in embodied interaction. The main thesis is for designers to use the body as an interface to understand how the interaction between a person and his/her surroundings arises and how our embodiment reveals other rich spatial qualities during the conception phase of design. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for embodied interaction based on the creation of real-time systems in order to instigate a framework for interactive processes that can help designers understand architecture phenomena and the performance of space. I present a design experiment on embodied performance space entitled “Body Tailored Space” where the boundaries of the human body are metaphorically extended into surrounding membranes.
keywords	Embodiment; embodied interaction; interactive architecture; phenomenology; second order cybernetics
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2008_089
id	sigradi2008_089
authors	Godoi,Giovana; Gabriela Celani
year	2008
title	A study about facades from historical brazilian town using shape grammar
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	Shape grammars have been used in architecture for analysis and synthesis - in the first case, mainly for the characterization of styles and in the later for the generation of novel compositions. The present research proposes the use of shape grammars for establishing guidelines for the requalification of historical areas that have lost their original characteristics due to improper renovations. The use of shape grammars proposed here starts with the definition of a set of rules for characterizing the original style of an area. Based on these rules, the main characteristics of the area are confirmed, such as siting, proportions between walls and openings in the façades, overall dimensions constraints, and so on. Next, the rules of the grammar are transformed, to allow the use of contemporary building materials, as well as the incorporation of contemporary living styles in the new design. Rules must take into account two cases: original buildings that have been inadequately transformed, and buildings that have been completely torn down and will replace been completely replaced by new constructions. Both cases need to be harmonious with the remaining original buildings, however without simply copying the existing style. In both cases, rules have been used to establish the guidelines for the renovations, which resulted in modern urban environments that resemble the original historical sites in terms of spatial relations and proportions. They also create an appropriate environment for the observations of the preserved original buildings, which would otherwise look like aliens in a completely transformed neighborhood. The latter case is very common in most Brazilian cities, especially in the case of São Paulo, where houses from the late 1800´s and early 1900´s are flanked by high rise apartment buildings. In order to develop and test the proposed method, a study will be carried out in a small Brazilian town called Monte Alegre do Sul. The town was chosen because its original urban morphology, developed in the XIXth century, is still relatively well preserved, although part of the original façades have been transformed. The objective of the research is to develop a shape grammar to set guidelines for the re-adaptation of the already renovated façades and reconstruction of other ones in Monte Alegre do Sul.
keywords	Shape grammar, generative design systems
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	cdc2008_301
id	cdc2008_301
authors	Herron, Jock
year	2008
title	Shaping the Global City: The Digital Culture of Markets, Norbert Wiener and the Musings of Archigram
source	First International Conference on Critical Digital: What Matters(s)? - 18-19 April 2008, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge (USA), pp. 301-308
summary	The contemporary “built environment” as conceived by designers – be it actual or virtual; be it architecture, landscape, industrial products or, more purely, art – is increasingly generated using powerful computational tools that are shaping the culture of the design professions, so much so that the phrase “digital culture” aptly applies. Designers are rightly inclined to believe that the emerging contemporary landscape – especially in thriving global cities like New York, London and Tokyo – has recently been and will continue to be shaped in important ways by digital design. That will surely be the case. However, design does not exist in a material vacuum. Someone pays for it. This essay argues that the primary shaper of global cities today is another “digital culture”, one defined by the confluence of professions and institutions that constitute our global financial markets. The essay explores the common origins of these two cultures – design and finance; the prescient insights of Archigram into the cybernetic future of cities; the spatial implications of nomadic “digitized” capital and the hazards of desensitizing – in many ways, dematerializing – the professional practices of design and finance. The purpose of the essay is not to establish primacy of one over the other. Especially in the case of urban design, they are interdependent. The purpose is to explore the connection.
email
last changed	2009/01/07 08:05

_id	ecaade2008_092
id	ecaade2008_092
authors	Hofmeyer, Herm; Kerstens, J.G.M.
year	2008
title	A Bird’s-Eye View of Cyclic Spatial-Structural Transformations, Grammar Based Design, and Structural Optimization
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 483-492
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.483
summary	Recently, in the research field of combined architecture and structural design, the idea of a so-called research engine has been developed. During its development, initially the intention was to develop a design-support tool, however, it now becomes clear that it may serve as a general framework for several applications. In this paper the new possibilities for the applications will be presented. As a result, a bird’s-eye view is developed on a set of applications that are often presented separately and without a larger framework in literature. In conclusion, several applications used for CAAD and CASD (Computer Aided Structural Design) can be seen as derivatives of a research engine. The other way round, the research engine can be modified and new applications may result.
keywords	Generative design, Optimisation, Spatial Design, Structural Design, Automated design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ddss2008-22
id	ddss2008-22
authors	Keim, Christian
year	2008
title	Modelling urban dynamics through cellular automata: an empirical application
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	Actual developments of digital maps and tools given by GIS-systems provide the possibility to develop new methodologies to handle land-cover data for modelling purposes. At any rate empirical applications are still rare within the Geosimulation studies and yet there is not an established methodology. The aim of the work has been to construct a cellular automata (CA) model of a sprawling city region within the German context, based on empirical data. The urban land-use classes (LUC) are considered as a higher organisation level of different building typologies and relative functions. These define the land-use patterns as self-organized from their complex spatial iterations, based on limited local information exchange. On the one hand the synthesis capacity of the CA models has been verified, even without socio-economical variables. On the other hand, it has been seen that the still early evolutional state of digital land-cover datasets are too premature to fully suite the modelling purposes.
keywords	Complex Systems, Self-Organisation, Cellular automata, Geographical information systems, Land-use change
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	acadia08_422
id	acadia08_422
authors	Miles Kemp, Robert
year	2008
title	Interactive Interfaces in Architecture: The New Spatial Integration of Information, Gesture and Cognitive Control
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 422-429
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.422
summary	Currently, a new interactive movement is beginning to take place in architecture whereby we are seeing increased desire to create space that has the ability to dynamically interact with users. A number of emerging technologies and insights are being made in paralleling fields that will have a vast influence on future spatial interactivity. This paper looks at a number of contemporary projects and themes in user interface design that are shaping and contributing to the future of tangible interactive architecture.
keywords	Interactive; Interface; Responsive; Touch; User
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	cdc2008_393
id	cdc2008_393
authors	Oxman, Neri
year	2008
title	Oublier Domino: On the Evolution of Architectural Theory from Spatial to Performance-based Programming
source	First International Conference on Critical Digital: What Matters(s)? - 18-19 April 2008, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge (USA), pp. 393-402
summary	The conception of the architect as form-giver has since historical times dominated the field of architecture. It is precisely this image which has devalued material practice in the distinction between form and matter consistently inherent in architectural discourse. Recent technological developments in the field of design computation, coupled with environmental concerns and philosophical debates have contributed to the shift in focus from form, as the exclusive object of design practice to matter and materials as an alternative approach to the conception of form. Such a shift calls for a reorientation of existing protocols for design generation. Design based upon performance appears to justify and make sensible computational design processes that integrate material properties with structural and environmental constraints. These processes, as demonstrated here, contribute to the elimination of traditional architectural typologies replaced with spatial organization driven by need and comfort. This paper proposes a new approach in design where processes of formgeneration supporting sustainable design solutions are directly informed by structural and environmental constraints. Computational models are developed and implemented that incorporate data-driven form generation. Fabrication tools and technologies are customized to include material properties and behavior. The projects illustrated in this paper are currently on display at the Museum of Modern Art.
email
last changed	2009/01/07 08:05

_id	ecaade2008_195
id	ecaade2008_195
authors	Rafi , Ahmad; Hanif , Radzi; Mustaffa, Fauzan
year	2008
title	Interpreting Traditional Malay Shadow Play Spaces in a Multimedia Environment
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 921-926
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.921
summary	This paper presents a research on the techniques of traditional Malay ‘shadow play’ used in developing new concepts for representing interactive media. This funded research by the Selangor State Library is developed based on a book collection on the aural history of Sabak Bernam, one of the counties in Selangor located in the West Peninsular of Malaysia. It considers the domain of conceptual spaces within the shadow play setting and spaces by addressing the typology of the design. Representation of different character and environmental styles related to the Malay cultures were developed as multimedia content involving more than fifty local villages. It suggests form for background consideration of possible metaphors, the space arrangement of the elementary and actors, spatial relationships, audiences and the techniques of puppetry in the design for multimedia environments.
keywords	Shadow play, multimedia environment, Malay
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ecaade2008_138
id	ecaade2008_138
authors	Sdegno, Alberto
year	2008
title	Palladio’s Bridges: Graphic Analysis and Digital Interpretations
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 43-50
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.043
summary	The paper presents some results of a research on the digital reconstruction of some bridges designed by Andrea Palladio. The use of new technologies has enabled us to investigate the morphology of every single element and to be compared each other. Using the method of video animation, we have analyzed some of them in order to simulate the human perception and to understand their spatial configuration, but also to visualize the point of view of a man crossing a river or a canal. The last step was to prepare the models for producing some physical maquettes with the technique of rapid prototyping that have enabled us to verify the quality of the digital construction. Some different kinds of powder were used to identify the best one for the representation of architecture.
keywords	Digital reconstruction, geometric analysis, unbuilt projects, video, rapid prototyping
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ecaade2008_098
id	ecaade2008_098
authors	Tonn, Christian; Petzold, Frank; Donath, Dirk
year	2008
title	Put on Your Glasses and Press Right Mouse Button
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 201-208
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.201
summary	Activities in the building industry in Germany concentrate increasingly on a combination of renovation and new building. A prerequisite for computer-aided planning in the context of existing buildings is both the use of on-site computer aided techniques and the integration of all professional disciplines in an integrated information and communication system. How will computers be used on site in the future? Which equipment will be needed? An ongoing interdisciplinary research project undertaken jointly by the faculty of media and the faculty of architecture is investigating methods and techniques for the computer-aided support of the design process with and within existing buildings. The aim of this project is the development of a practice-oriented toolbox for the architectural design process based on SAR (spatial augmented reality). This paper focuses on Augmented-Reality based user interaction on site using laser pointer tracking. The project is funded by the German Research Foundation.
keywords	Augmented Reality, Design Support, User Interaction
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ddss2008-16
id	ddss2008-16
authors	van den Berg, Pauline E.W.; Theo A. Arentze and Harry J.P. Timmermans
year	2008
title	Pauline E.W. van den Berg, Theo A. Arentze and Harry J.P. Timmermans
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	New information and communication technologies (ICT’s), gain importance and are changing people’s daily lives. With the introduction of new ICT’s, alternatives for face-to-face contacts and physical presence are provided. In that sense, ICT may offer a substitute to physical travel. Other potential relationships between telecommunication and travel are neutrality, complementation or modification. The relationship between ICT and activitytravel patterns has received a substantial amount of attention recently. However, a link with the wider activity patterns of individuals and households and environmental characteristics is missing in existing studies. The spatial and mobility impacts of social networks are not well known either. However, social networks are crucial to an understanding of travel behaviour. The most important part of travel demand for non-work purposes in terms of distance travelled is for socializing with network members. Hence, individuals’ social network characteristics are relevant for their propensity to perform social activities. The study of social networks can provide new insights to understand the generation of social activities and travel involved. In order to increase our understanding of the interrelationships between properties of the built environment, ICT-use, social networks and activity-travel patterns, these links should be the starting point for analysis. This paper presents a data collection instrument that was developed to study these links and the results of an application of the instrument in a survey among a large sample of households in the Eindhoven region, and discusses the implications of the findings for planning support models.
keywords	Social networks, social interaction, ICT, activity-travel, communication diary
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	acadia08_390
id	acadia08_390
authors	Vrana, Andrew; Joe Meppelink; Ben Nicholson
year	2008
title	New Harmony Grotto
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 390-399
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.390
summary	With the expanding wave of contemporary architecture inspired and informed by biomorphic design and biomimetic processes, the re-evaluation of work of Frederick Kiesler has become immanent. Throughout the mid 20th century he became increasingly interested in the relationship of natural form and structure to architectural space and organization. The Grotto for Meditation proposed in 1963 for New Harmony, Indiana commissioned by Mrs. Jane Blaffer-Owen was the culmination of his life’s work. Though the project was not realized, it embodies all of the influences of his time from surrealism to biology and cybernetic theory. Through our university and the Blaffer Foundation, we engaged in formal research and tectonic resolution of the project employing digital modeling and fabrication technologies at our College and in Houston where Mrs. Owen lives when she is not in New Harmony. We based this project on the full catalog of archival material made available to us with support from the Blaffer and Kielser Foundations. Our exploration also was influenced by discussions with Mrs. Blaffer-Owen who is still very interested in realizing this profoundly interesting and enigmatic project. Our university has opened the door to the opportunity that our reinterpreted Grotto become a permanent fixture on the campus next to a wetland landscape that it is currently under construction. Our research into Kiesler has engaged his esoteric concepts of “co-realism” and “continuous tension” as well as his early use of recursive geometry and biomorphic form in design. From reverse engineering and digital fabrication via 3D scanning to generative structural articulation, we are experimenting with a structural/spatial system that closely aligns with Kiesler’s originally proposed tile patterning dilated into a minimal structure. Our prototypes and the final version will be fabricated by one of the largest commercially for-hire water jet cutter in country and assembled on the site.
keywords	Biomorphic; Digital Fabrication; Prototype; Structure
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	sigradi2008_077
id	sigradi2008_077
authors	Briones, Carolina
year	2008
title	A collaborative project experience in an architectural framework, working with Open Source applications and physical computing [Diseño de Plataformas Digitales e Interactivas: una experiencia educativa trabajando colaborativamente con aplicaciones de Código Abierto y Computación Física]
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	Nowadays, thanks to the telecommunication revolution and therefore the massive spread of Internet, we have seen the come up of international architectural offices with branches located in different continent, working in a collaborative fashion, surpassing physical and time frontiers. At the same time, the multidisciplinary work between designers, architects, engineers, programmers and even biologist, between others, have been taking place in the new network society. All transformations also supported by the arising of FOSS (Free Open Source Software) and the virtual communities behind them, which allow the creation of non-traditional or specific software, the association between disciplines, and also, the formation of meeting scenarios for a mixture of individuals coming up with multiple motivation to coexist in collaborative environment. Furthermore, it is possible to argue that Open Source applications are also the reflection of a social movement, based on the open creation and exchange of information and knowledge. Do the appeared of FOSS compel us to re-think our working and teaching methods? Do they allow new modes of organizing and collaborating inside our architectural practices?. This paper would like to address these questions, by presenting the results of the “Experience Design” course, which by implementing teaching methods based on Open Source principles and cutting-edge tools, seeks to approach students to these new “way of do”, knowledge and methodologies, and overall, focus them on the science behind the computer. This paper describes the “Experience Design” course, in which architectural graduate students of Universidad Diego Portales (Chile), put for first time their hands on the creation of interactive interfaces. By acquiring basic knowledge of programming and physical computing, students built in a collaborative way a responsive physical installation. The course use as applications “Processing” and “Arduino”. The first one is an Open Source programming language and environment for users who want to program images, animation, and interactions. It has a visual context and serve as a software sketchbook and professional production tool. Processing is a project initiated by Ben Fry and Casey Reas, at the MIT Media Lab (www.processing.org). The second is an Open Source electronics prototyping platform based on flexible, easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino has a microcontroller (programmed with Processing language) which can sense the environment by receiving input from a variety of sensors and can affect its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators (www.arduino.cc). Both environments shared a growing community of people working in related projects and extending useful assistance for beginners. In this paper it is presented the current state of the pilot course and some of the initials results collected during the process. Students and teacher’s debates and evaluations of the experience have been exposed. Together with a critical evaluation in relation to the accomplishment of the effort of place together different disciplines in one collaborative project akin, architecture, design, programming and electronic. Finally, futures modifications of the course are discussed, together with consideration to take in account at the moment of bring Open Source and programming culture into the student curriculum.
keywords	Physical computing, teaching framework, Open Source, Interactive Installation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	acadia11_60
id	acadia11_60
authors	Speaks, Michael
year	2011
title	New Values of New Design
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 60-63
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.060
summary	Driven by advances in building and information technology and accelerated by the tumultuous period of global economic restructuring that commenced in 2008, architecture and interior design practice is today confronted with the necessity of fundamental change. According to the “Building Futures” group at the Royal Institute of British Architects and US-based “Design Futures Council,” both of which this past year published studies on this very topic, a great deal depends on what happens in China and other emerging markets, where many European and US firms now have offices. And that is not only because these are the most vibrant markets for architecture and design services, but also because the demands placed on practitioners in these markets are fundamentally changing the way buildings are designed and delivered, at home and abroad. Both studies suggest that all sectors of the A/E/C industry will face increasingly fierce competition that will, of necessity, force practices large and small to compete less on cost and more on value. In the very near future buildings and their interiors will be valued almost entirely based on performance—economic, cultural, environmental—and only those firms able to create these and other forms of added value will survive. Disruptive technologies like building information modeling and integrated product delivery will enable all firms, even those competing solely on the basis of cost, to design better buildings and deliver them more efficiently. But in such a fiercely competitive global marketplace, efficiency alone will not be enough to guarantee market viability. The real differentiator will instead be design.
series	ACADIA
type	keynote paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia08_066
id	acadia08_066
authors	Ahlquist, Sean; Moritz Fleischmann
year	2008
title	Material & Space: Synthesis Strategies based on Evolutionary Developmental Biology
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 66-71
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.066
summary	A material system can be defined as a set of self-organized materials, defining a certain spatial arrangement. In architecture, this material arrangement acts as a threshold for space, though space often only appears as a by-product of the material organization. Treating space as a resulting, therefore secondary, independent product minimizes the capacity to generate architecture that is astutely aware of concerns of functionality, environment and energy. An effective arrangement of material can only be determined in relation to the spaces that it defines. When proposing a more critical approach, a material system can be seen as an intimate inter-connection and reciprocal exchange between the material construct and the spatial conditions. It is necessary to re-define material system as a system that coevolves spatial and material configurations through analysis of the resultant whole, in a process of integration and evaluation. ¶ With this understanding of material system comes an expansion in the number of criteria that are simultaneously engaged in the evolution of the design. The material characteristics, as well as the spatial components and forces (external and internal), are pressures onto the arrangement of material and space. ¶ This brings a high degree of complexity to the process. Biological systems are built on methods that resolve complex interactions through sets of simple yet extensible rules. Evolutionary Developmental Biology explains how growth is an interconnected process of external forces registering fitness into a fixed catalogue of morphological genetic tools. Translating the specific framework for biological growth into computational processes, allows the pursuit of an architecture that is fully informed by the interaction of space and material.
keywords	Biology; Computation; Material; Parametric; System
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ddss2008-25
id	ddss2008-25
authors	Antoni, Jean-Philippe; P. Frankhauser, C. Tannier, S. Youssoufi
year	2008
title	Simulating and assessing prospective scenariosA comparative approach in urban planning
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	The first part of the paper is centred on the phenomena of urban growth, in order to set the rules for a sustainable scenario of urban development. Then we enter the core of the paper that is the comparison of models. For each of the three compared models, we describe its main theoretical characteristics, the chosen parameters, and the obtained results. In section 6, heterogeneity of the produced results is discussed, and we highlight the points of interest and the lacks of the three models. Here we show that results we obtained feed debates about urban growth management. Finally, concluding remarks at the end of the paper address the general topic of the evaluation of the quality of simulation results.
keywords	Urban sprawl, sustainable development, fractals, cellular automata, spatial interaction models
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

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