Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	sigradi2008_175
id	sigradi2008_175
authors	Knight, Terry; Larry Sass, Kenfield Griffith, Ayodh Vasant Kamath
year	2008
title	Visual-Physical Grammars
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	This paper introduces new visual-physical design grammars for the design and manufacture of building assembly systems that provide visually rich, culturally resonant design variations for housing. The building systems are intended to be tailored for particular cultures and communities by incorporating vernacular, decorative design into the assembly design. Two complementary areas of computational design research are brought together in this work: shape grammars and digital fabrication. The visual or graphic aspects of the research are explored through shape grammars. The physical design and manufacturing aspects are explored through advanced digital design and fabrication technologies and, in particular, build on recent work on mono-material assemblies with interlocking components that can be fabricated with CNC machines and assembled easily by hand on-site (Sass, 2007). This paper describes the initial, proof-of-concept stage of this work: the development of an automated, visual-physical grammar for an assembly system based on a vernacular language of Greek meander designs. A shape grammar for the two-dimensional Greek meander language (Knight, 1986) was translated into a three-dimensional assembly system. The components of the system are uniquely designed, concrete “meander bricks” (Figure 1). The components have integrated alignment features so that they can be easily fitted and locked together manually without binding materials. Components interlock horizontally to form courses, and courses interlock vertically in different ways to produce a visual variety of meander walls. The assembly components were prototyped at desktop scale with a layered manufacturing machine to test their appearance after assembly and their potential for design variations (Figure 2). Components were then evaluated as full-scale concrete objects for satisfaction of physical constraints related to concrete forming and component strength. The automated grammar (computer program) for this system generates assembly design variations with complete CAD/CAM data for fabrication of components formed from layered, CNC cut molds. Using the grammar, a full-scale mockup of a corner wall section was constructed to assess the structural, material, and aesthetic feasibility of the system, as well as ease of assembly. The results of this study demonstrate clearly the potentials for embedding visual properties in structural systems. They provide the foundations for further work on assembly systems for complete houses and other small-scale structures, and grammars to generate them. In the long-term, this research will lead to new solutions for economical, easily manufactured housing which is especially critical in developing countries and for post-disaster environments. These new housing solutions will not only provide shelter but will also support important cultural values through the integration of familiar visual design features. The use of inexpensive, portable digital design and fabrication technologies will allow local communities to be active, cooperative participants in the design and construction of their homes. Beyond the specific context of housing, visual-physical grammars have the potential to positively impact design and manufacture of designed artifacts at many scales, and in many domains, particularly for artifacts where visual aesthetics need to be considered jointly with physical or material requirements and design customization or variation is important.
keywords	Shape grammar, digital fabrication, building assembly, mass customization, housing
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:54

_id	sigradi2008_049
id	sigradi2008_049
authors	Benamy, Turkienicz ; Beck Mateus, Mayer Rosirene
year	2008
title	Computing And Manipulation In Design - A Pedagogical Experience Using Symmetry
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	The concept of symmetry has been usually restricted to bilateral symmetry, though in an extended sense it refers to any isometric transformation that maintains a certain shape invariant. Groups of operations such as translation, rotation, reflection and combinations of these originate patterns classified by modern mathematics as point groups, friezes and wallpapers (March and Steadman, 1974). This extended notion represents a tool for the recognition and reproduction of patterns, a primal aspect of the perception, comprehension and description of everything that we see. Another aspect of this process is the perception of shapes, primary and emergent. Primary shapes are the ones explicitly represented and emergent shapes are the ones implicit in the others (Gero and Yan, 1994). Some groups of shapes known as Semantic Shapes are especially meaningful in architecture, expressing visual features so as symmetry, rhythm, movement and balance. The extended understanding of the concept of symmetry might improve the development of cognitive abilities concerning the creation, recognition and meaning of forms and shapes, aspects of visual reasoning involved in the design process. This paper discusses the development of a pedagogical experience concerned with the application of the concept of symmetry in the creative generation of forms using computational tools and manipulation. The experience has been carried out since 1995 with 3rd year architectural design students. For the exploration of compositions based on symmetry operations with computational support we followed a method developed by Celani (2003) comprising the automatic generation and update of symmetry patterns using AutoCAD. The exercises with computational support were combined with other different exercises in each semester. The first approach combined the creation of two-dimensional patterns to their application and to their modeling into three-dimensions. The second approach combined the work with computational support with work with physical models and mirrors and the analysis of the created patterns. And the third approach combined the computational tasks with work with two-dimensional physical shapes and mirrors. The student’s work was analyzed under aspects such as Discretion/ Continuity –the creation of isolated groups of shapes or continuous overlapped patterns; Generation of Meta-Shapes –the emergence of new shapes from the geometrical relation between the generative shape and the structure of the symmetrical arrangement; Modes of Representation –the visual aspects of the generative shape such as color and shading; Visual Reasoning –the derivation of 3D compositions from 2D patterns by their progressive analysis and recognition; Conscious Interaction –the simultaneous creation and analysis of symmetry compositions, whether with computational support or with physical shapes and mirrors. The combined work with computational support and with physical models and mirrors enhanced the students understanding on the extended concept of symmetry. The conscious creation and analysis of the patterns also stimulated the student’s understanding over the different semantic possibilities involved in the exploration of forms and shapes in two or three dimensions. The method allowed the development of both syntactic and semantic aspects of visual reasoning, enhancing the students’ visual repertoire. This constitutes an important strategy in the building of the cognitive abilities used in the architectural design process.
keywords	Symmetry, Cognition, Computing, Visual reasoning, Design teaching
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	sigradi2008_077
id	sigradi2008_077
authors	Briones, Carolina
year	2008
title	A collaborative project experience in an architectural framework, working with Open Source applications and physical computing [Diseño de Plataformas Digitales e Interactivas: una experiencia educativa trabajando colaborativamente con aplicaciones de Código Abierto y Computación Física]
source	SIGraDi 2008 - [Proceedings of the 12th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] La Habana - Cuba 1-5 December 2008
summary	Nowadays, thanks to the telecommunication revolution and therefore the massive spread of Internet, we have seen the come up of international architectural offices with branches located in different continent, working in a collaborative fashion, surpassing physical and time frontiers. At the same time, the multidisciplinary work between designers, architects, engineers, programmers and even biologist, between others, have been taking place in the new network society. All transformations also supported by the arising of FOSS (Free Open Source Software) and the virtual communities behind them, which allow the creation of non-traditional or specific software, the association between disciplines, and also, the formation of meeting scenarios for a mixture of individuals coming up with multiple motivation to coexist in collaborative environment. Furthermore, it is possible to argue that Open Source applications are also the reflection of a social movement, based on the open creation and exchange of information and knowledge. Do the appeared of FOSS compel us to re-think our working and teaching methods? Do they allow new modes of organizing and collaborating inside our architectural practices?. This paper would like to address these questions, by presenting the results of the “Experience Design” course, which by implementing teaching methods based on Open Source principles and cutting-edge tools, seeks to approach students to these new “way of do”, knowledge and methodologies, and overall, focus them on the science behind the computer. This paper describes the “Experience Design” course, in which architectural graduate students of Universidad Diego Portales (Chile), put for first time their hands on the creation of interactive interfaces. By acquiring basic knowledge of programming and physical computing, students built in a collaborative way a responsive physical installation. The course use as applications “Processing” and “Arduino”. The first one is an Open Source programming language and environment for users who want to program images, animation, and interactions. It has a visual context and serve as a software sketchbook and professional production tool. Processing is a project initiated by Ben Fry and Casey Reas, at the MIT Media Lab (www.processing.org). The second is an Open Source electronics prototyping platform based on flexible, easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino has a microcontroller (programmed with Processing language) which can sense the environment by receiving input from a variety of sensors and can affect its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators (www.arduino.cc). Both environments shared a growing community of people working in related projects and extending useful assistance for beginners. In this paper it is presented the current state of the pilot course and some of the initials results collected during the process. Students and teacher’s debates and evaluations of the experience have been exposed. Together with a critical evaluation in relation to the accomplishment of the effort of place together different disciplines in one collaborative project akin, architecture, design, programming and electronic. Finally, futures modifications of the course are discussed, together with consideration to take in account at the moment of bring Open Source and programming culture into the student curriculum.
keywords	Physical computing, teaching framework, Open Source, Interactive Installation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ddss2008-33
id	ddss2008-33
authors	Charlton, James A.; Bob Giddings and Margaret Horne
year	2008
title	A survey of computer software for the urban designprocess
source	H.J.P. Timmermans, B. de Vries (eds.) 2008, Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, ISBN 978-90-6814-173-3, University of Technology Eindhoven, published on CD
summary	Urban design is concerned with the shape, the surface and the physical arrangement of all kinds of urban elements, the basic components that make up the built environment, at the level of buildings, spaces and human activities. It is also concerned with the non-visual aspects of the environment, such as noise, wind and temperature and humidity. The city square is a particular urban element which can take many forms and its geometrical relationships such as maximum dimensions, ratio of width to length and building height to length have been analysed for centuries (Alberti 1475), (Vitruvius 1550), (Sitte 1889), (Corbett 2004). Within the current urban design process there are increasing examples of three dimensional computer representations which allow the user to experience a visual sense of the geometry of city squares in an urban landscape. Computer-aided design and Virtual Reality technologies have recently contributed to this visual assessment, but there have been limited attempts at 3D computer representations which allow the user to experience a greater sense of the urban space. This paper will describe a survey of computer tools which could support a more holistic approach to urban design and which could be used to simulate a number of urban texture and urban quality aspects. It will provide a systematic overview of currently available software that could support the simulation of building density, height, colour and style as well as conditions relating to noise, shading, heat, natural and artificial light. It will describe a methodology for the selection and filtering of appropriate computer applications and offer an initial evaluation of these tools for the analysis and representation of the three-dimensional geometry, urban texture and urban quality of city centre spaces. The paper is structured to include an introduction to the design criteria relating to city centre spaces which underpins this research. Next the systematic review of computer software will be described, and selected tools will undergo initial evaluation. Finally conclusions will be drawn and areas for future research identified.
keywords	Urban design, Software identification, 3D modelling, Pedestrian modelling, Wind modelling, Noise mapping, Thermal comfort, VR Engine
series	DDSS
last changed	2008/09/01 17:06

_id	cf2011_p035
id	cf2011_p035
authors	Langenhan, Christoph; Weber Markus, Petzold Frank, Liwicki Marcus, Dengel Andreas
year	2011
title	Sketch-based Methods for Researching Building Layouts through the Semantic Fingerprint of Architecture
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 85-102.
summary	The paper focuses on the early stages of the design process where the architect needs assistance in finding reference projects and describes different aspects of a concept for retrieving previous design solutions with similar layout characteristics. Such references are typically used to see how others have solved a similar architectural problem or simply for inspiration. Current electronic search methods use textual information rather than graphical information. The configuration of space and the relations between rooms are hard to represent using keywords, in fact transforming these spatial configurations into verbally expressed typologies tends to result in unclear and often imprecise descriptions of architecture. Nowadays, modern IT-technologies lead to fundamental changes during the process of designing buildings. Digital representations of architecture require suitable approaches to the storage, indexing and management of information as well as adequate retrieval methods. Traditionally planning information is represented in the form of floor plans, elevations, sections and textual descriptions. State of the art digital representations include renderings, computer aided design (CAD) and semantic information like Building Information Modelling (BIM) including 2D and 3D file formats such as Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) (IAI, 2010). In the paper, we examine the development of IT-technologies in the area of case-based reasoning (Richter et al., 2007) to provide a sketch-based submission and retrieval system for publishing and researching building layouts including their manipulation and subsequent use. The user interface focuses on specifying space and their relations by drawing them. This query style supports the spatial thinking approach that architects use, who often have a visual representation in mind without being able to provide an accurate description of the spatial configuration. The semantic fingerprint proposed by (Langenhan, 2008) is a description and query language for creating an index of floor plans to store meta-data about architecture, which can be used as signature for retrieving reference projects. The functional spaces, such as living room or kitchen and the relation among on another, are used to create a fingerprint. Furthermore, we propose a visual sketch-based interface (Weber et al., 2010) based on the Touch&Write paradigm (Liwicki et al., 2010) for the submission and the retrieval phase. During the submission process the architect is sketching the space-boundaries, space relations and functional coherence's. Using state of the art document analysis techniques, the architects are supported offering an automatic detection of room boundaries and their physical relations. During the retrieval the application will interpret the sketches of the architect and find reference projects based on a similarity based search utilizing the semantic fingerprint. By recommending reference projects, architects will be able to reuse collective experience which match the current requirements. The way of performing a search using a sketch as a query is a new way of thinking and working. The retrieval of 3D models based on a sketched shape are already realized in several domains. We already propose a step further, using the semantics of a spatial configuration. Observing the design process of buildings reveals that the initial design phase serves as the foundation for the quality of the later outcome. The sketch-based approach to access valuable information using the semantic fingerprint enables the user to digitally capture knowledge about architecture, to recover and reuse it in common-sense. Furthermore, automatically analysed fingerprints can put forward both commonly used as well as best practice projects. It will be possible to rate architecture according to the fingerprint of a building.
keywords	new media, case-based reasoning, ontology, semantic building design, sketch-based, knowledge management
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	acadia08_246
id	acadia08_246
authors	Zawidzki, Machi
year	2008
title	Implementation of Cellular Automata for Dynamic Shading of Building Facade
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 246-255
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.246
summary	Paper presents creative use of cellular automata (CA) in architecture, namely for dynamic shading of building facade. The abbreviation “CA” refers both to singular form “cellular automaton” and plural- “automata”. One of the most interesting “visual” quality of CA is abilty to create organic patterns which sometimes are very pleasing to human eye. These patterns seem to “live their own life” and “taming” them to perform purposeful actions is quiet challenging due to their computational irreducibility as shown in an example of possible practical application, but as a result, provides visual effects of unmatched intriguing complexity hard to achieve by means of artistic will, whim or chance. Although amazing qualities of CA astonish for many years, their practical (physical) applications are still very sparse if existing at all, besides “pretty pictures”. Four classes of CA “behavior” with conjunction to the problem of “pattern average grayness” was presented. Two classes of CA were analyzed: 2- color, 1- dimension, range- 1 (2C-1D-R1) and 2-color, 1- dimension, range- 2 (2C-1D-R2) for potential practical use. Problem of monotonic gradual change of average grayness as a function of sequence of initial conditions was discussed. Scheme of mechanical system realizing the idea of shading controlled by CA was proposed.
keywords	Cellular Automata; Lighting; Pattern; Robotics; Skin
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	cf2011_p109
id	cf2011_p109
authors	Abdelmohsen, Sherif; Lee Jinkook, Eastman Chuck
year	2011
title	Automated Cost Analysis of Concept Design BIM Models
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 403-418.
summary	AUTOMATED COST ANALYSIS OF CONCEPT DESIGN BIM MODELS Interoperability: BIM models and cost models This paper introduces the automated cost analysis developed for the General Services Administration (GSA) and the analysis results of a case study involving a concept design courthouse BIM model. The purpose of this study is to investigate interoperability issues related to integrating design and analysis tools; specifically BIM models and cost models. Previous efforts to generate cost estimates from BIM models have focused on developing two necessary but disjoint processes: 1) extracting accurate quantity take off data from BIM models, and 2) manipulating cost analysis results to provide informative feedback. Some recent efforts involve developing detailed definitions, enhanced IFC-based formats and in-house standards for assemblies that encompass building models (e.g. US Corps of Engineers). Some commercial applications enhance the level of detail associated to BIM objects with assembly descriptions to produce lightweight BIM models that can be used by different applications for various purposes (e.g. Autodesk for design review, Navisworks for scheduling, Innovaya for visual estimating, etc.). This study suggests the integration of design and analysis tools by means of managing all building data in one shared repository accessible to multiple domains in the AEC industry (Eastman, 1999; Eastman et al., 2008; authors, 2010). Our approach aims at providing an integrated platform that incorporates a quantity take off extraction method from IFC models, a cost analysis model, and a comprehensive cost reporting scheme, using the Solibri Model Checker (SMC) development environment. Approach As part of the effort to improve the performance of federal buildings, GSA evaluates concept design alternatives based on their compliance with specific requirements, including cost analysis. Two basic challenges emerge in the process of automating cost analysis for BIM models: 1) At this early concept design stage, only minimal information is available to produce a reliable analysis, such as space names and areas, and building gross area, 2) design alternatives share a lot of programmatic requirements such as location, functional spaces and other data. It is thus crucial to integrate other factors that contribute to substantial cost differences such as perimeter, and exterior wall and roof areas. These are extracted from BIM models using IFC data and input through XML into the Parametric Cost Engineering System (PACES, 2010) software to generate cost analysis reports. PACES uses this limited dataset at a conceptual stage and RSMeans (2010) data to infer cost assemblies at different levels of detail. Functionalities Cost model import module The cost model import module has three main functionalities: generating the input dataset necessary for the cost model, performing a semantic mapping between building type specific names and name aggregation structures in PACES known as functional space areas (FSAs), and managing cost data external to the BIM model, such as location and construction duration. The module computes building data such as footprint, gross area, perimeter, external wall and roof area and building space areas. This data is generated through SMC in the form of an XML file and imported into PACES. Reporting module The reporting module uses the cost report generated by PACES to develop a comprehensive report in the form of an excel spreadsheet. This report consists of a systems-elemental estimate that shows the main systems of the building in terms of UniFormat categories, escalation, markups, overhead and conditions, a UniFormat Level III report, and a cost breakdown that provides a summary of material, equipment, labor and total costs. Building parameters are integrated in the report to provide insight on the variations among design alternatives.
keywords	building information modeling, interoperability, cost analysis, IFC
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	caadria2008_3_session1a_029
id	caadria2008_3_session1a_029
authors	Ambrose, Michael A., Carl Lostritto, Luc Wilson
year	2008
title	Animate education Early Design Education Pedagogy
source	CAADRIA 2008 [Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia] Chiang Mai (Thailand) 9-12 April 2008, pp. 29-35
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2008.029
summary	This paper presents a novel approach to the introduction and use of animation and motion graphics in foundation design education. Design inquiry and understanding as generated from, and translated by, movement is the focus. This work explores animation as a design methodology in the first weeks of architectural education. The proposed design exercise discussed here will probe the concept/context and spatial/visual literacy of the learned sense of space-time in architectural design education and representation. Here the digital application of animation and motion graphics is intended to be process driven to encourage students to find an attitude about solutions rather than a solution to the design project. The intention is to examine the relationship between form and space through a structured exploration of movement within a kit-of-parts design project that explores a three-dimensional spatial construct. Animation as a design method poses unique potentials and pitfalls. Animation and motion graphics, as a collection of instances, is both questioned and exaggerated. This project creates a threshold experience of learning that puts in motion an exploration of integrated digital process and design product.
keywords	Education, design theory, design studies, animation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2008_025
id	ecaade2008_025
authors	Asanowicz, Aleksander
year	2008
title	How to Find an Idea? - Computer Aided Creativity
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 735-742
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.735
summary	In this paper the possibilities of using computer software in creative searching of design ideas is analysed. At the basis of such psychological theories as Incubation, Synectics, Geneplore, Bisociation, Conceptual Blending, Visual Synectics the implementation of digital technologies in the idea searching – the main stage of design process – is presented. In all computer ‘metaphorisation’ methods presented in this paper pictures are treated as idea triggers. Designer generate the ideas of the form by use the pictures as triggers for free association or for metaphorisation. The two cases of implementation of these methods, which based on graphic transformations, will be presented.
keywords	Creativity, design methods, form searching
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2008_112
id	ecaade2008_112
authors	Chaabouni, Salma; Bignon, Jean-Claude; Halin, Gilles
year	2008
title	Supporting Ambience Design with Visual References
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 27-34
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.027
summary	This paper presents a study to assist the design of luminous ambiences by visual references from early design stage. Our method proposes, from an analysis of the reference work and the cognitive activities associated, a formulation of intentions built from navigation inside a collection of visual references. Different modes of navigation are discussed in adequacy with the forms of reasoning solicited in the referential activity.
keywords	daylight ambience, image references, navigation, formulation of intentions
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaade2008_034
id	ecaade2008_034
authors	Christenson, Mike
year	2008
title	Questioning the Primacy of Visual Simulation in an Epistemology of Digital Models
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 889-896
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.889
summary	This paper questions the degree to which visual simulations are conventionally assumed to be a primary means of entering digital models into productive architectural discourse. The paper considers established means by which digital models are made known, specifically those which place epistemological value on multiple representational modes, particularly building information modeling software. The paper outlines a proposal to displace the use of visual simulation as a primary means of making digital models known.
keywords	Digital aids to design creativity, generative design, modes of production, precedents and prototypes, research, education and practice
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2008_198
id	ecaade2008_198
authors	Crotch, Joanna; Mantho, Robert
year	2008
title	Media, Technology and Teaching
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 293-300
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.293
summary	With the growing reliance on technology and other visual media to explore architectural ideas, has architectural pedagogy realigned itself with the evolving possibilities of the new technological age? With the above in mind, we designed a program to explore and test this question. The programs encouraged experimentation and speculation. Technology was seen to be central to the program. The starting point was the selection of an activity. Each stage of the process required the student to firstly, carefully observe, then to create an image utilizing different ‘medium’ to realize their observations. The chosen mediums were cubism, movie making and digital imaging. Conventional plans and sections were required to be made of each final outcome, of each stage. As part of and in response to each progressive stage, a space to house an element of the activity was designed. The concluding part required the design of a small urban building to accommodate the activity selected.
keywords	Pedagogy, Architecture, Technology, Spatialization, Exploration
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ijac20076106
id	ijac20076106
authors	Donath, Dirk; Bohme, Luis Felipe Gonzalez
year	2008
title	Constraint-Based Design in Participatory Housing Planning
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 6 - no. 1, pp. 97-117
summary	We introduce some novel ideas for a constraint-based design strategy to support participatory housing planning processes in Latin America. The following lines intend to open the discussion on the requirements and effect of the computer implementation of a constraint satisfaction approach to solve elementary design problems in architectural practice. The case study applies to the building massing design problem posed by the Chilean urban regulatory framework that addresses single-family affordable houses. Two different implementation criteria are being tested in an ongoing series of trials providing further considerations. One prototype uses MAXON's CINEMA4D XPRESSO® visual scripting environment to set up a semi-automated design environment which allows users to edit one feature-based 3D model of massing alternative at a time. The other prototype uses ILOG's OPL STUDIO® constraint programming environment to achieve fully automated search and 2D visualization of all possible solution alternatives to separate subdomains of the building massing design problem.
series	journal
last changed	2008/06/18 08:12

_id	acadia08_182
id	acadia08_182
authors	Gibson, Michael; Kevin R. Klinger; Joshua Vermillion
year	2008
title	Constructing Information: Towards a Feedback Ecology in Digital Design and Fabrication
source	Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, [Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) / ISBN 978-0-9789463-4-0] Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 182-191
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2008.182
summary	As strategies evolve using digital means to navigate design in architecture, critical process-based approaches are essential to the discourse. The often complex integration of design, analysis, and fabrication through digital technologies is wholly reliant upon a process-basis necessitating the use of a design feedback loop, which reinforces critical decision-making and challenges the notions of how we produce, visualize, and analyze information in the service of production and assembly. Central to this process-based approach is the effective and innovative integration of information and the interrogation of material based explorations in the making of architecture. This fabrication ‘ecology’ forces designers to engage complexity and accept the unpredictability of emergent systems. It also exposes the process of working to critique and refine feedback loops in light of complex tools, methods, materials, site, and performance considerations. In total, strategies for engaging this ‘ecology’ are essential to accentuate our present understanding of environmental design and theory in relation to digital processes for design and fabrication. ¶ This paper recounts a design/fabrication seminar entitled “Constructing Information” in which architecture students examined an environmental design problem by way of the design feedback loop, where their efforts in applying digital design and fabrication methods were driven explicitly by material and site realities and where their work was executed, installed, and critically explored in situ. These projections raise important questions about how information, complexity, and context overlay and merge, and underscore the critical potential of visual, spatial, and material effects as part of a fabrication-oriented design process.
keywords	Digital Fabrication; Ecology; Environment; Feedback; Performance
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaade2008_039
id	ecaade2008_039
authors	Indraprastha, Aswin; Shinozaki, Michihiko
year	2008
title	Constructing Virtual Urban Environment Using Game Technology
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 359-366
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.359
summary	Recent game technology ascends development of low-cost virtual environment to the next level in two domains : reality representation and user interaction or engagement. In architecture and urban design realm, realistic 3D representation become more important in such way of conceptualizing ideas and analyzing the context of design problem. This research will present development of virtual urban environment using game engine technology. Aim of this research is to promote game engine as a tool for visual representation, visual analysis and further basic tool for urban design study. At the end, we point out potentials as well as constraints both in technical and design method issues in game technology based on the research findings.
keywords	Game engine: virtual urban environment, design study, visual representation, visual analysis
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2008_087
id	ecaade2008_087
authors	Juvancic, Matevz; Zupancic, Tadeja
year	2008
title	Towards Effective Interfaces for General Architectural Learning
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 569-576
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.569
summary	The persistence of difficulties related to communication of the participants in the design process is mainly due to the diversity of interests and the abilities of visual communication. The research presented has been focused especially on the first issue - professional vs. general public relations. It builds on the idea that general public should be approached with both: adaptation to its abilities and with additional teaching to improve these abilities. The initial questions lead to the isolation of (i) elements and (ii) characteristics that could possibly define architectural educational interfaces for general public. The experiment puts the prototypical eco-spatial interface to the test in primary schools and observes the effect the level of interactivity has on learning outcomes. The results show possible ways of enhancing the efficiency of GUI-s and help developers and designers evaluate and fine-tune such tools for the process of general architectural learning.
keywords	architecture, education, sustainable spatial development, educational interfaces, general public
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ijac20076302
id	ijac20076302
authors	Kobayashi, Yoshihiro; Abdelhameed, Wael A.
year	2008
title	Implementations and Applications of DesignMap: Case Studies to Manage an Online Database of Visual Designs
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 6 - no. 3, pp. 243-258
summary	This research introduces state-of-the-art techniques in the areas of online libraries, communities, and forums. The research endeavours to describe a computer system called DesignMap that could be categorized as a visual design forum. This system encourages networking and can also be applied as a visual design library. The DesignMap system, which manages and displays a massive number of visual designs in two and three dimensions, was presented and discussed in a previous research. This project, however, is concerned with the application of DesignMap as a tool to search, visualize, modify, and then add designs in a map; these designs are classified based on their formal properties of object relationships. DesignMap users have access to any part or category in the map. The resulting design series created by users of this system present a new and unique form of design collaboration. The research also investigates several applications of the DesignMap system.
series	journal
last changed	2008/10/14 14:00

_id	koehler02_paper_eaea2007
id	koehler02_paper_eaea2007
authors	Koehler, Dennis
year	2008
title	Artificial Light in Urban Space
source	Proceedings of the 8th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference
summary	Visual impression of city form is related to its morphology of buildings and its spatial constellations. They present themselves in different lighting conditions. According to the daytime and seasonal impression, building elements run across in a different but constantly visible way. When night-time comes along the whole system is busy, indifferent and out of control. It is unsteadily illuminated rather in accordance to its purpose than to the structure of building or space.
keywords	perception, space, artificial light
series	EAEA
email
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2008/04/29 20:46

_id	ecaade2008_187
id	ecaade2008_187
authors	Kotsopoulos, Sotirios D.
year	2008
title	Designing with n Partial Descriptions
source	Architecture in Computro [26th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-7-2] Antwerpen (Belgium) 17-20 September 2008, pp. 437-444
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2008.437
summary	Visual production rules and multiple graphic layers containing fragmentary graphic information are used to generate design descriptions from scratch. The rules are expressed by the means of shape grammar formalism. Two graphic examples of calculations with shapes made out of lines are presented.
keywords	Product algebra, shape rule, partial description, juxtaposition
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	sigradi2011_100
id	sigradi2011_100
authors	Kutschat Hanns, Daniela; De Marchi, Polise Moreira
year	2011
title	Estratégias de reconfiguração do espaço urbano – cidade superfície: diálogos entre arte e cidade mediados por intervenções artísticas em fachadas e muros na cidade de São Paulo [Urban space reconfiguration strategies - surface city: dialogs between art and city mediated through artistic interventions on facades and walls in the city of São Paulo]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 526-529
summary	This paper discusses multiple aspects of the city through examples of artistic interventions which see the city as complex and dynamic layers in constant change. This paper investigates the spatial configuration changes of São Paulo city in material surfaces as facades and walls. The understanding of urban surfaces as "'mediative' spatiality" (Ferrara, 2008) assigns communication categories to urban surfaces; the visual condition is discussed in this paper.
keywords	Surface city; art; urban intervention; urban landscape
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:54

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