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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	caadria2009_026
id	caadria2009_026
authors	Ostwald, Michael J.; Josephine Vaughan
year	2009
title	Calculating Visual Complexity In Peter Eisenman’s Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.075
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 75-84
summary	This paper describes the results of the first computational investigation of characteristic visual complexity in the architecture of Peter Eisenman. The research uses a variation of the “box-counting” approach to determining a quantitative value of the formal complexity present in five of Eisenman’s early domestic works (Houses I, II, III, IV and VI all of which were completed between 1968 and 1976). The boxcounting approach produces an approximate fractal dimension calculation for the visual complexity of an architectural elevation. This method has previously been used to analyse a range of historic and modern buildings including the works of Frank Lloyd Wright, Eileen Gray, Le Corbusier and Kazuyo Sejima. Peter Eisenman’s early house designs–important precursors to his later Deconstructivist works–are widely regarded as possessing a high degree of formal consistency and a reasonably high level of visual complexity. Through this analysis it is possible to quantify both the visual complexity and the degree of consistency present in this work for the first time.
keywords	Computational analysis; fractal dimension; box-counting; Peter Eisenman
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	acadia09_153
id	acadia09_153
authors	Ostwald, Michael J.; Tucker, Chris; Chalup, Stephan
year	2009
title	Line Segmentation: A Computational Technique for Architectural Image Analysis
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2009.153
source	ACADIA 09: reForm( ) - Building a Better Tomorrow [Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-9842705-0-7] Chicago (Illinois) 22-25 October, 2009), pp. 153-158
summary	Planar methods have typically dominated the computational analysis of architectural and urban space and form. In contrast, analytical methods that consider the formal, or visual, qualities of architectural façades, or images of buildings, are not only rare, but only a few have ever been repeated and adequately tested. The present paper outlines a new method—derived from the Hough Transform algorithm—for the dissolution of architectural images into segmented lines that can be counted and charted, and that can have their spatial orientation determined. This method for investigating the visual qualities of buildings is demonstrated in an analysis of a series of images of suburban houses. The proposed method, line segmentation, is potentially significant because it is a method not commonly used for the quantitative analysis of the formal and textural character of real buildings, it is repeatable, and it delivers consistent results if a simple procedure is followed.
keywords	optical analysis, complexity, design assesment
series	ACADIA
type	Normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ecaade2009_010
id	ecaade2009_010
authors	Ostwald, Michael; Vaughan, Josephine
year	2009
title	A Data-Cluster Analysis of Façade Complexity in the Early House Designs of Peter Eisenman
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.729
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 729-736
summary	Relatively few quantifiable and objective methods exist for the analysis of architectural elevations. Only one of these methods has been repeated by multiple researchers and used for the analysis of a wide range of historic and modern buildings and architectural types. In the present paper, the computational variation of this method–the fractal approach to determining characteristic visual complexity–is applied to the early house designs of Peter Eisenman. The results of this analysis are then subjected, for the first time, to cluster analysis in an attempt to uncover patterns in the way in which Eisenman’s houses are shaped by orientation, address and permeability. Such an analysis is of interest because Eisenman argues that he set out to design these early houses without regard for such factors. The paper concludes that the mathematical data generally supports Eisenman’s contentions regarding his Houses I, II, III, IV and VI.
wos	WOS:000334282200088
keywords	Visual complexity, fractal analysis, data-clustering, Peter Eisenman
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ecaade2009_013
id	ecaade2009_013
authors	Vaughan, Josephine; Ostwald, Michael
year	2009
title	Refining the Computational Method for the Evaluation of Visual Complexity in Architectural Images: Significant Lines in the Early Architecture of Le Corbusier
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.689
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 689-696
summary	Past research over the last two decades has demonstrated that fractal analytical methods can be used to evaluate the visual complexity of architectural designs. Applying a computer program that has been developed specifically for the quantitative evaluation of architecture, the authors previously tested the fractal analysis method on several well-known architects’ works including those of Le Corbusier. However, while undertaking this research the computational method revealed unexpected results for the visual complexity of Le Corbusier’s early, highly ornamented, house designs. This paper examines these anomalous results and the proposition that they are a by-product of the data chosen for analysis. The fractal method relies on architectural drawings as raw “data” but little research has been undertaken into which elements should be chosen to represent the buildings or alternatively, which lines are “significant”. The present paper uses the results for ten of Le Corbusier’s house designs to examine the sensitivity of the method.
wos	WOS:000334282200083
keywords	Computational analysis, Le Corbusier, visual complexity, architectural evaluation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

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