Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	caadria2009_016
id	caadria2009_016
authors	Hemsath, Timothy L. ; Ronald Bonnstetter, Leen-Kiat Soh and Robert Williams
year	2009
title	Digital CADCAM Pedagogy
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 277-284
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.277
summary	Prototype manufacturing as an educational tool has been very successful at the college level in architecture and engineering design. This paper discusses an innovative inquiry-based learning approach rather than the problem-based learning models commonly utilized by other similar programs. For example, several research-funded technology projects (e.g., Cappelleri et al. 2007) look at involving students in problembased learning exercises (e.g., building robots); however, these exercises (while providing valuable experiences) have predetermined outcomes ingrained by the teachers, the project structure, and the components used to construct the devices. Therefore, inquisitive and creative problem solving is limited to the “kit-of-parts” in their approach to solving the problem. The inquiry-based CADCAM pedagogy model is more concerned with the process of solving a problem through the vehicle of prototyping than with the specificity of the design project itself. This approach has great potential. First, the need to solve the problem drives learning on multiple levels, integrating interdisciplinary ideas into the problem and solution. Second, the problem interlocks disciplines through inquiry knowledge building in team exercises. Finally, it encourages diversity and flexibility by allowing students to look at problems from multiples perspectives and points of view.
keywords	Inquiry-based education: CAD; CAM; pedagogy
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	caadria2009_009
id	caadria2009_009
authors	Herr, Christiane Margerita
year	2009
title	Appropriating Donald Schön
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 483-492
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.483
summary	Donald Schön embraces a constructivist approach to learning and research., characterising designing as a reflective conversation between designer and the materials of a design situation. Accordingly, Schön’s views on digital design support are based on his valuing of indeterminacy, surprise and ambiguity as opportunities to develop new understanding and insight. His criticism of technical rationality is directed towards the privileging of formal and codified knowledge over embodied and tacit forms of knowing. While Schön’s work is increasingly acknowledged in recent CAAD research, respective publications typically remain within the technical rationality perspective. Based on several characteristic examples, this paper examines how Schön’s ideas are absorbed into a perspective incongruous to his own, concluding with a discussion of potential new research approaches that sustain Schön’s values.
keywords	reflective practice, constructivism, design theory, Donald Schön, epistemology
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2009_130
id	caadria2009_130
authors	Kuo, Mei-Lin
year	2009
title	An AR-Based Navigation Interface
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 441-449
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.441
summary	In order to improve the learning effect of the navigation interfaces in current museums, the architectural exhibition in museum exhibition hall is taken as an example in this study. An instant interactive navigation interface which is different from those used before is developed to guide the visitors to learn exactly the designing styles of architects. Two results are reached in this experiment: 1) a model of knowledge acquirement which is most possibly related to the learning process based on the exhibition of learning topics; 2) the influences of operating movements on specific topics that emphasize knowledge domains.
keywords	Learning effect: Learning behaviour; Augmented Reality; Information Navigation, Database Query
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaade2009_078
id	ecaade2009_078
authors	Lyon, Eduardo
year	2009
title	Digital Fabrication and Component Optimization Using DFM: Integrating Two-dimensional Cutting and Three-dimensional Milling in Wood Panel Fabrication
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 565-572
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.565
wos	WOS:000334282200068
summary	This research explores new ways to integrate manufacturing knowledge in to design phases. Through the use of design for manufacturing (DfM) concept, and looking at relations between its potential application in component design and its implementation using digital manufacturing technologies, the author implemented a DfM model that varies from previous models by incorporated learning in the process. This process was based on; a knowledge systematization process; and the incremental development and refinement of design heuristics and metrics. Subsequently the attempt on this research is twofold. One is to realize a process to capture and organize manufacturing knowledge, and second to organize that knowledge and make it available as a DfM model for component design using specific CNC technology.
keywords	Design Computing, design for manufacturing, knowledge based design, digital manufacturing
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	621b
id	621b
authors	Peng, W and Gero, JS
year	2009
title	A Design Interaction Tool That Adapts
source	VDM Verlag
summary	Despite different computerised approaches have been hardwired to solve various complex practical problems; few are founded on an adaptive paradigm such that a computational model interacts with its environment, loosely wires itself and learns from experience like humans do. This book presents our attempt to craft a computational model that learns from interactions and adapts based on its experience. We draw ideas from cognitive psychology in relation to human experiential learning, particularly the notions of ?situatedness?, ?constructive memory? and ?concept formation?. When applied to design activities, which are intrinsically dynamic and interactive, this model constructs concepts from interactions between the agent, the design problem and the use of the design tool. Such a design interaction tool generates knowledge based on the agent?s grounded generalisation from contextual information in a situated manner. Adaptive behaviours emerge from coupled interactions of the system from a macroscopic and a microscopic level. This book is suitable for researchers and students interested in pursuing computerised approaches based on cognitive science and natural computing.
keywords	interaction, situated agents, adaptation
series	book
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.amazon.com/Design-Interaction-Tool-That-Adapts/dp/363913589X/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241365175&sr=1-3
last changed	2009/09/11 18:25

_id	ascaad2009_regina_ruschel
id	ascaad2009_regina_ruschel
authors	Ruschel, Regina C.; Ana Lúcia C.N. Harris; Silvia A.M.G. Pina; Ana Maria M.G. Monteiro; Núbia Bernardi; Daniel C. Moreira; Ana Regina M. Cuperschmid and Autímio B. Guimarães Filho
year	2009
title	Beyond Traditional CAAD: E-Learning supporting design thinking
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 71-87
summary	A study based on a post-occupancy-evaluation (POE), conducted in housing developments in the region of Campinas, Brazil, evaluated quality of life and sustainability indicators. These indicators were then related to site planning design guideline for low-income public housing projects that considered recommendations for integrated community and security, street and path system and parking, public and private open space and landscaping. Since this work is part of a broader study, which aims to develop evaluation tools, the proposed design guidelines were used by students in a graduate class, in order to verify its effectiveness. Bloom’s Taxonomy was used to determine educational goals for design thinking in this class. First design thinking was instigated based on students’ prior knowledge of life quality and sustainability indicators for housing design. Comprehension of proposed design guidelines was stimulated by the reading and discussion of related literature, paraphrasing or extension of proposed design guidelines and respective illustration with reference images. An existing low-income housing development, with award winning design, was selected and an evaluation of its conformance to proposed design guidelines was conducted comparing site or design images to reference images. This evaluation subsidized a design exercise for the selected housing development. The class was offered as a partially distance course with an agenda including: tutorials, theoretical classes, seminars and conceptual discussions. A new Brazilian open source e-learning environment was experimented and critiqued. Beyond traditional CAAD tools others such as wiki, blog, polls, chat, conferencing, web authoring and visit broadcasting supported collaborative learning and design. Results indicate the viability of design teaching in distance education courses for competent designers; however the experience shows the need for innovation in synchronous communication and visualization tools specific for architectural design users. Students evaluation of selected housing development and final projects indicate that the proposed guidelines for low-income public housing projects successfully supports the decision making process in order to incorporate quality of life and sustainability indicators in design. The experience presents a model of design education which incorporates technology integrated to human and environmental dimensions.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	ijac20097407
id	ijac20097407
authors	Sass, Lawrence
year	2009
title	Parametric Constructionist Kits: Physical Design and Delivery System for Rapid Prototyping Devices
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 7 - no. 4, 623-642
summary	In this paper we illustrate a design methodology based on constructionist learning principles with CAD modeling and rapid prototyping. The belief is that a constructionist approach to design development extends design possibilities beyond the visual aspects of rendering and animation to building construction by way of component-based parametric modeling. This is demonstrated by way of construction kits as a proposed system of physical design production, individually and in groups. Results of the system are data sets for model manufacturing, hand assembly and design feedback. The impact of this work is to teach physical modeling as a system of production that will allow a designer hands-on learning of building structure, material mechanics and building component behavior. Also design success is newly defined as a relationship between the visual and physical evaluation; not just the visual. The paper ends with examples of complex design models generated from elements in the construction kit and a physical design grammar used to guide element assembly. Although the examples in this paper satisfy model making for building structures we believe this system can be useful for anyone who needs to construct physical artifacts beyond traditional scales found in rapid prototyping.
series	journal
last changed	2010/09/06 08:02

_id	ecaade2009_019
id	ecaade2009_019
authors	Zupancic, Tadeja; Juvancic, Matevz
year	2009
title	Virtual Space Design: A Flexible Learning Model: Respecting Fragile Places in Virtual and Physical Realities
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 137-144
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.137
wos	WOS:000334282200016
summary	The intensive programmes offer an opportunity to introduce fast changing and developing fields into the experience of architectural students regardless of the flexibility level of curricular structures and institutional contexts. The main aim is to enhance and promote place-sensitive interventions in physical and virtual worlds. The paper concludes with a discussion of intentions, experience gained, some sobering moments as well as the learning curves of participants and organizers when it comes to design culmination of sensitive physical and virtual realities.
keywords	Virtual space design, intensive programmes, learning model, sensitive places
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ascaad2009_mohamed_abdalla
id	ascaad2009_mohamed_abdalla
authors	Abdalla, Mohamed Saad Atia
year	2009
title	3D Model and Decision Support System for Fire Safety: A case study of Kingdom of Bahrain
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 419-430
summary	Fire agencies on all levels try hard to save lives, properties, and natural resources. Accurate access to critical information is essential in this regard, many agencies around the world have embraced GIS as a tool that helps them balance needs, uses, and hazards to promote sustainability of the environment while identifying and limiting vulnerability. At Kingdom of Bahrain, Ministry of interior established the Geographic Security System (GSS) to enhance the emergency response. The 3D of the GSS Consisted of 3 main parts: (1) 3D for terrain model, (2) 3D model for entire targeted zones, and (3) 3D models for individual buildings. In this paper, the integration between GSS system and 3D model will be illustrated, and how this kind of integration could enhance decision support system (DSS) for fire safety at kingdom of Bahrain. On other hand, we will highlight the technical and legislation difficulties faced in this project. Also, the future steps to enhance DSS will be discussed.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	caadria2009_031
id	caadria2009_031
authors	Abdelhameed, Wael
year	2009
title	Cognition Model in Conceptual Designing
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 771-780
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.771
summary	Both design researchers and cognitive scientists have developed various process models to study human creative behaviour in design. The models developed are often based on observations of design processes and analysis of design protocols. This research paper reports the-stateof- the-art in the area of cognition models that present design activities in conceptual designing. The research paper investigates the approaches of these cognition models. A new approach of a cognition activity model in conceptual designing is proposed. The new approach used in the introduced model takes into the account factors and activities that are related to the external environment of design (design medium). The external environment has an important role in the cognition activities and the evaluation process in a way that can hardly be ignored or neglected. The presented model of cognition activities in conceptual designing highlights two main factors employed in all the iteration loops of the model, namely: media use and representation. Case studies of architecture students’ designs have been analyzed. The analysis of these case studies helped in forming the proposed model. Various results have been concluded and reported.
keywords	Cognition model; conceptual designing; design process; design theory
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ee30
id	ee30
authors	Abdelmohsen, Sherif; El-Khouly, Tamer
year	2009
title	Representing Reflective Practice in a Remote Design Collaboration Process
source	Digital proceedings of the 3rd Conference of International Association of Societies of Design Research (IASDR 2009), COEX, Seoul, Korea, pp. 1317 – 1326.
summary	This paper addresses a new method to describe the remote collaborative design process from the perspective of reflective practice. We aim at understanding the mutual effect between internal and external structures in remote collaborative design. According to the cognitive coding scheme of Suwa et al., we encoded the process into a set of indices—new, continual and revisited—that describe each primitive design move. In a case study which involved the authors as design collaborators, we identified the degree of dependency among these moves and developed a 3D graphical representation to account for reflective practice between us as collaborators. In this representation, we re-interpreted our collaborative process through three main axes: axis of idea exchange as lateral component, axis of idea development as vertical component, and axis of dependency as depth component. We believe this representation can be used to re-interpret the collaboration process among geographically dispersed design team members.
keywords	Collaborative design, reflective practice, collective reflection-in-action, cognitive actions, design moves, dependency relationships, remote collaboration
series	other
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2010/01/30 07:26

_id	ascaad2009_amal_al-ali
id	ascaad2009_amal_al-ali
authors	Al-Ali, Amal and P. Sharma
year	2009
title	Creativity and Collaboration in Architecture Education in the UAE
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 245-256
summary	A review of national government literature indicates that today’s knowledge-driven economy demands a workforce equipped with complex skills and attitudes. Examples of these skills and attitudes are general problems solving, meta-cognitive skills, critical thinking and lifelong learning. Reviews of the Architecture, Engineering and Construction industry indicates a gap between architecture practice and education. The Egan report states that there is a need for a change of style, culture and process within the construction industry and it identified five driving forces, the report also recognised that the achievement of these driving forces is linked to training and education. Education must not only teach the necessary technical skills and knowledge, but also the culture of teamwork, collaborative work and creativity. The construction boom in the United Arab Emirates combined with the country’s mission to highly educate and train its nationals to be able to tackle market challenges provoked the necessity of implementing the culture of creativity and collaboration in education system. On the other hand, use of technology in education has been proven to facilitate and enhance the learning process. This paper will highlight the importance of implementing the virtual design studio as a technlogical platform in architecture education in the UAE in a way that aims to promote the culture of creativity and collaboration through the use of technology.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	ascaad2014_023
id	ascaad2014_023
authors	Al-Maiyah, Sura and Hisham Elkadi
year	2014
title	Assessing the Use of Advanced Daylight Simulation Modelling Tools in Enhancing the Student Learning Experience
source	Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 303-313
summary	In architecture schools, where the ‘studio culture’ lies at the heart of students’ learning, taught courses, particularly technology ones, are often seen as secondary or supplementary units. Successful delivery of such courses, where students can act effectively, be motivated and engaged, is a rather demanding task requiring careful planning and the use of various teaching styles. A recent challenge that faces architecture education today, and subsequently influences the way technology courses are being designed, is the growing trend in practice towards environmentally responsive design and the need for graduates with new skills in sustainable construction and urban ecology (HEFCE’s consultation document, 2005). This article presents the role of innovative simulation modelling tools in the enhancement of the student learning experience and professional development. Reference is made to a teaching practice that has recently been applied at Portsmouth School of Architecture in the United Kingdom and piloted at Deakin University in Australia. The work focuses on the structure and delivery of one of the two main technology units in the second year architecture programme that underwent two main phases of revision during the academic years 2009/10 and 2010/11. The article examines the inclusion of advanced daylight simulation modelling tools in the unit programme, and measures the effectiveness of enhancing its delivery as a key component of the curriculum on the student learning experience. A main objective of the work was to explain whether or not the introduction of a simulation modelling component, and the later improvement of its integration with the course programme and assessment, has contributed to a better learning experience and level of engagement. Student feedback and the grade distribution pattern over the last three academic years were collected and analyzed. The analysis of student feedback on the revised modelling component showed a positive influence on the learning experience and level of satisfaction and engagement. An improvement in student performance was also recorded over the last two academic years and following the implementation of new assessment design.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2016/02/15 13:09

_id	sigradi2009_775
id	sigradi2009_775
authors	Alves, Andressa Schneider; José Luis Farinatti Aymone
year	2009
title	Modelagem 3D e animação para o desenvolvimento de um modelo virtual interativo em realidade virtual (VRML) na área de moda [3D modeling and animation for the development of an interactive virtual model in virtual reality (VRML) in fashion ]
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	This article describes the development of a project that combines modeling and animation of three-dimensional objects (virtual model, clothing, environment) in the software 3D Studio Max with VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language). The project allows various interactions between the user and the environment developed. The main interaction is the choice of clothing, in which different parts can be proven in the virtual model. The results can be applied to online sales, marketing strategies and 3D virtual simulation.
keywords	Modelagem tridimensional; Animação; Realidade Virtual; Moda; Fashion Design
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	sigradi2009_709
id	sigradi2009_709
authors	Angulo, Antonieta; John Fillwalk; Guillermo Vásquez de Velasco
year	2009
title	Collaborating in a Virtual Architectural Environment: The Las Americas Virtual Design Studio (LAVDS) populates Second Life
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	The paper describes exploratory work in the design, construction, and habitation of a virtual structure (VS) nested within an Internet-based multi-user environment and serving a geographically distributed collective of architecture students and faculty. In addition to a discourse on the design and implementation parameters that were used, the paper seeks to provide findings that make reference to the quality of teaching/learning experience of users and the effectiveness of the interaction among users while working on a common architectural design project. This experience will further contribute to the knowledge base that will be needed in the design of virtual architecture.
keywords	Virtual design studio; Second Life; Multi-user environment; Architectural design and learning
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ecaade2009_164
id	ecaade2009_164
authors	Arslan Selçuk, Semra; Gönenç Sorguç, Arzu
year	2009
title	Exploring Complex Forms in Nature Through Mathematical Modeling: a Case on Turritella Terebra
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 665-672
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.665
wos	WOS:000334282200080
summary	Changing paradigm of nature-architecture relationship has being directly affected from developing science and technologies as well as from the impact of biomimetic inventions in various man made designs. Our perception of forms and structures are also shifting through use of computational techniques. From this aspect, mathematical models can be considered as the first step to analyze the complex forms and structures in nature. In this paper it is aimed to initiate a platform in architecture which will serve for discussions to explore the potentials of these interactions under the impact of computational and information technologies, not only in terms of formal/visual way, but also extending to learn more about the formation process in nature.
keywords	Shells, learning from nature, seashells, mathematical modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cf2009_231
id	cf2009_231
authors	Attar, Ramtin; Aish, Robert; Stam, Jos; Brinsmead, Duncan; Tessier, Alex; Glueck, Michael and Khan, Azam
year	2009
title	Physics-based generative design
source	T. Tidafi and T. Dorta (eds) Joining Languages, Cultures and Visions: CAADFutures 2009, PUM, 2009, pp. 231-244
summary	We present a physics-based generative design approach to interactive form-finding. While form as a product of dynamic simulation has been explored previously, individual projects have been developed as singleton solutions. By identifying categories of computational characteristics, we present a novel unified model that generalizes existing simulations through a constraint-based approach. The potential of interactive form finding simulation is explored through exemplary studies: a conceptual approach to a fixed form that acts as a visualization of interacting forces, and a constraint-based model of the fabrication logic for a panelization system are examined. Implications of constraint-based simulation on future directions are discussed.
keywords	Form finding, dynamic simulation, physics-based design, panelization
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2009/06/08 20:53

_id	caadria2010_043
id	caadria2010_043
authors	Barker, Tom and M. Hank Haeusler
year	2010
title	Urban digital media: facilitating the intersection between science, the arts and culture in the arena of technology and building
source	Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Hong Kong 7-10 April 2010, pp. 457-466
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2010.457
summary	The research presented in this paper investigates ways of providing better design applications for technologies in the field of Urban Digital Media (UDM). The work takes an emergent approach, evolving a design strategy through the early engagement of stakeholders. The paper discusses research in a design-led creative intersection between media technology, culture and the arts in the built environment. The case study discusses opportunities for the enhancement of a university campus experience, learning culture and community, through the provision of an integrated digital presence within campus architecture and urban spaces. It considers types of information architecture (Manovich, 2001) and designs for use in urban settings to create communication-rich, advanced and interactive designed spaces (Haeusler, 2009). The presented research investigates how to create a strategy for display technologies and networked communications to transform and augment the constructed reality of the built environment, allowing new formats of media activity.
keywords	Urban design; outdoor digital media; information architecture; multidisciplinary design; augmented reality; media facades
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2012_57
id	sigradi2012_57
authors	Barros, Diana Rodríguez; Mandagarán, María
year	2012
title	Información interconectada, curación colectiva y experiencias de usuario: El caso de la red social Pinterest [Interconnected information, collective curation and user experiences: the case of Pinterest social network]
source	SIGraDi 2012 [Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Brasil - Fortaleza 13-16 November 2012, pp. 167-170
summary	We present exploratory studies about 2.0 web applications linked to renewed collective curatorial activities. In particular we focus on Pinterest application, which collectively generates collection spaces centered in a strong both image and digital graphic presence. We analyze practices related to User Experience Design, which refer to all the factors linked to Interface Design, and produce positive or negative perception of the application. We use the Shedroff model (2009) exploring dimensional categories about significance, duration, amplitude, intensity, interaction and triggers or experience releasers.
keywords	Diseño; Interfaces; Curación colectiva; Experiencias de Usuario
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	cf2011_p127
id	cf2011_p127
authors	Benros, Deborah; Granadeiro Vasco, Duarte Jose, Knight Terry
year	2011
title	Integrated Design and Building System for the Provision of Customized Housing: the Case of Post-Earthquake Haiti
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 247-264.
summary	The paper proposes integrated design and building systems for the provision of sustainable customized housing. It advances previous work by applying a methodology to generate these systems from vernacular precedents. The methodology is based on the use of shape grammars to derive and encode a contemporary system from the precedents. The combined set of rules can be applied to generate housing solutions tailored to specific user and site contexts. The provision of housing to shelter the population affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake illustrates the application of the methodology. A computer implementation is currently under development in C# using the BIM platform provided by Revit. The world experiences a sharp increase in population and a strong urbanization process. These phenomena call for the development of effective means to solve the resulting housing deficit. The response of the informal sector to the problem, which relies mainly on handcrafted processes, has resulted in an increase of urban slums in many of the big cities, which lack sanitary and spatial conditions. The formal sector has produced monotonous environments based on the idea of mass production that one size fits all, which fails to meet individual and cultural needs. We propose an alternative approach in which mass customization is used to produce planed environments that possess qualities found in historical settlements. Mass customization, a new paradigm emerging due to the technological developments of the last decades, combines the economy of scale of mass production and the aesthetics and functional qualities of customization. Mass customization of housing is defined as the provision of houses that respond to the context in which they are built. The conceptual model for the mass customization of housing used departs from the idea of a housing type, which is the combined result of three systems (Habraken, 1988) -- spatial, building system, and stylistic -- and it includes a design system, a production system, and a computer system (Duarte, 2001). In previous work, this conceptual model was tested by developing a computer system for existing design and building systems (Benr__s and Duarte, 2009). The current work advances it by developing new and original design, building, and computer systems for a particular context. The urgent need to build fast in the aftermath of catastrophes quite often overrides any cultural concerns. As a result, the shelters provided in such circumstances are indistinct and impersonal. However, taking individual and cultural aspects into account might lead to a better identification of the population with their new environment, thereby minimizing the rupture caused in their lives. As the methodology to develop new housing systems is based on the idea of architectural precedents, choosing existing vernacular housing as a precedent permits the incorporation of cultural aspects and facilitates an identification of people with the new housing. In the Haiti case study, we chose as a precedent a housetype called ‚Äúgingerbread houses‚Äù, which includes a wide range of houses from wealthy to very humble ones. Although the proposed design system was inspired by these houses, it was decided to adopt a contemporary take. The methodology to devise the new type was based on two ideas: precedents and transformations in design. In architecture, the use of precedents provides designers with typical solutions for particular problems and it constitutes a departing point for a new design. In our case, the precedent is an existing housetype. It has been shown (Duarte, 2001) that a particular housetype can be encoded by a shape grammar (Stiny, 1980) forming a design system. Studies in shape grammars have shown that the evolution of one style into another can be described as the transformation of one shape grammar into another (Knight, 1994). The used methodology departs takes off from these ideas and it comprises the following steps (Duarte, 2008): (1) Selection of precedents, (2) Derivation of an archetype; (3) Listing of rules; (4) Derivation of designs; (5) Cataloguing of solutions; (6) Derivation of tailored solution.
keywords	Mass customization, Housing, Building system, Sustainable construction, Life cycle energy consumption, Shape grammar
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

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