CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

PDF papers
References

Hits 1 to 20 of 587

_id ascaad2009_000
id ascaad2009_000
authors Abdelhameed, Wael; N. Hamza and A. Bennadji (eds.)
year 2009
title Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content
source 4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009)[ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, 463 p.
summary CAAD is constantly provoking and raising many potentials, challenges and arguments in academia, practice, and even in the theory of architecture itself. This process starts with the pedagogy of designing and the ongoing questions such as how much of CAAD should be incorporated in teaching, and ends with digital design technologies and the new emerging questions such as how biologically inspired computational processes alter the form of our architecture and the typical design process. Architecture originates from peoples’ needs and beliefs. The new forms of digital architecture generate debates in terms of various important issues, ranging from emotional and social factors to sustainability and warming climate. The focus area of the conference can be shaped, as follows: considering all these potentials, challenges, and arguments, which we have to benefit from and cope with, are there truly legitimate concerns about the future of our architecture and its content in particular from human and environmental dimensions? Can we develop our own ways of benefiting from the technology that cater to our environment and culture? Can we still see the form of architecture in the traditional way or should we change our perspectives? In other words the conference concentrates on bridging between the new digital form and the traditional human content.
series ASCAAD
type normal paper
email
last changed 2010/02/26 07:31

_id ee30
id ee30
authors Abdelmohsen, Sherif; El-Khouly, Tamer
year 2009
title Representing Reflective Practice in a Remote Design Collaboration Process
source Digital proceedings of the 3rd Conference of International Association of Societies of Design Research (IASDR 2009), COEX, Seoul, Korea, pp. 1317 – 1326.
summary This paper addresses a new method to describe the remote collaborative design process from the perspective of reflective practice. We aim at understanding the mutual effect between internal and external structures in remote collaborative design. According to the cognitive coding scheme of Suwa et al., we encoded the process into a set of indices—new, continual and revisited—that describe each primitive design move. In a case study which involved the authors as design collaborators, we identified the degree of dependency among these moves and developed a 3D graphical representation to account for reflective practice between us as collaborators. In this representation, we re-interpreted our collaborative process through three main axes: axis of idea exchange as lateral component, axis of idea development as vertical component, and axis of dependency as depth component. We believe this representation can be used to re-interpret the collaboration process among geographically dispersed design team members.
keywords Collaborative design, reflective practice, collective reflection-in-action, cognitive actions, design moves, dependency relationships, remote collaboration
series other
type normal paper
email
last changed 2010/01/30 07:26

_id sigradi2021_50
id sigradi2021_50
authors Albuquerque, Dilson and Andrade, Max
year 2021
title The Impacts of Collaboration and Cordination of Architectural and Engineering Projects Developed with BIM in Reducing Design Interferences
source Gomez, P and Braida, F (eds.), Designing Possibilities - Proceedings of the XXV International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2021), Online, 8 - 12 November 2021, pp. 783–794
summary This paper addresses the importance and development of cultural transformations involving the design process in architecture and the advent of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in civil construction activities and how its implementation in a coordinated, collaborative and interoperable way contributes to a diagnosis of Clash Detection between diferentes design projects, before building construction, saving excessive costs and rework. Taking as its main reference the BIM Maturity Matrix of Succar (2009), the proposed BIM Project Integration Maturity Matrix contributes to the awareness of bringing designers and builders closer to design activities, to encourage the integration of design processes involving the building, to consolidate an environment of ease of communication between participants, the organization of documentation and, above all, prioritize the compatibility between projects to avoid conflicts, excess costs and rework, resulting in a higher quality of the final project.
keywords Coordenaçao de projetos, detecçao de interferencias, Building Information Modeling, matriz de avaliaçao, projeto integrado
series SIGraDi
email
last changed 2022/05/23 12:11

_id caadria2009_018
id caadria2009_018
authors Ambrose, Michael; Benjamin G. Callam, Joseph Kunkel and Luc Wilson
year 2009
title How To Make A Digi-Brick
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.005
source Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 5-12
summary This project examines a non-traditional method of construction generated through a digital design process that leverages digital fabrication techniques related to masonry construction. Where as architects’ use of computers first affected shape and structure, it is now additionally affecting material, construction, and craft. This design proposal explores these concepts through the production of a wall using simple configuration and reconfiguration of a repeated module adaptable to differing and unique contexts and site conditions. The masonry module is designed and built through the exploration of a CAD-CAM process. The prototypes produced investigate the repetition of a single module unit, manipulated and interlocked resulting in a continuous surface that is more than just the sum of its individual parts. The material, construction and craft of each unit informs and challenges the entire project to question the making of the masonry module into a wall.
keywords Digital fabrication, design theory, digital design methods
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id sigradi2009_984
id sigradi2009_984
authors Araujo, Nieri Soares de
year 2009
title A materialização do modelo digital no processo de ensino [The materialization of the digital model in the education process]
source SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary The research presents the importance of the experimentations within education of architecture project. Since the studies for traditional and emergent ways with use them digital tools, it values the project inquiries in the simulations of the models in 3D. For many times, the digital model for being tangible cannot present a difficulty in the understanding of constructive details. As in the digital tools, more specifically BIM (Building Information Modeling) possess integrated standards complex. The necessity of the materialization becomes inevitable use of the Rapid Prototype (RP) that it is a technology that allows the materialization of the complex digital models facilitating to the tactile and percipient use for better understanding and taking of decision.
keywords Education Process; Physical and Digital Model; Rapid Prototype
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id ecaade2009_044
id ecaade2009_044
authors Arpak, Asli; Sass, Larry; Knight, Terry
year 2009
title A Meta-Cognitive Inquiry into Digital Fabrication: Exploring the Activity of Designing and Making of a Wall Screen
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.475
source Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 475-482
summary The design process is observed in ‘self-reflection’ by an experiment including visual computing, structure design, joint design, and assembly design. The experiment is defined as the making of a self-supporting timber wall screen, which includes laser-cutting and rapid-prototyping. The reciprocal action between the visual and physical realms is observed through the design activity.
wos WOS:000334282200057
keywords Fabrication, meta-cognition, self-reflection, visual, physical
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id cf2009_poster_07
id cf2009_poster_07
authors Ashraf, Mohamed-Ahmed and Pierre Côté
year 2009
title The Impact of Three Cognitive Functions on Digital Media Aided Architectural Ideation: A Proposed Investigation
source T. Tidafi and T. Dorta (eds) Joining Languages Cultures and Visions: CAADFutures 2009 CD-Rom
summary From a cognitivist perspective the architectural design seen as an iterative process of search for an “acceptable” solution from initial design assumptions (Simon 1974) requires representation. These representation which may be internal (mental/cognitive activities) and external (sketches 3D models) are essential to any creative act and in all phases of the design process since they constitute a projection of the architect’s thought and know-how.
keywords Cognitive function, ideation
series CAAD Futures
type poster
email
last changed 2009/07/08 22:12

_id sigradi2009_957
id sigradi2009_957
authors Baerlecken, Daniel Michael; Gernot Riether
year 2009
title From texture to volume: an investigation in quasi-crystalline systems
source SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary The relation between texture, pattern and massing is a fundamental question in architecture. Classical architecture, as Leon Battista Alberti states in “De re aedificatoria” (Book VI, Chapter 2), is developed through massing and structure first; texture is added afterwards to give the bold massing and structure beauty. Only the ornamentation adds pulcritudo to the raw structure and massing. Rather than starting with a volume and applying texture afterwards, the Digital Girih project started with textural operations that informed the overall volume later. The stereometric, top-down methodology is questioned through the bottom-up methodology of the Girih project. Girih lines of traditional Islamic patterns were used as a starting point. The aspect of 3-dimensionality was developed analogue as well as digital, using the deformability of different materials at various scales and digital construction techniques as parameters. The flexibility within the Girih rules allowed the system to adapt to different tasks and situations and to react to different conditions between 2- and 3- dimensionality. The project in that way explored a bottom-up process of form generation. This paper will describe the process of the project and explain the necessity of digital tools, such as Grasshopper and Rhino, and fabrication tools, such as laser cutter and CNC fabrication technology, that were essential for this process.
keywords Generative Design; Parametric Design; Tessellation; Form Finding; Scripting
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id sigradi2011_409
id sigradi2011_409
authors Bertoni, Griselda; De Monte, Andrea
year 2011
title Mediaciones perceptivas. Desafíos en la incorporación de la tecnología como instrumento potenciador del proceso de aprendizaje en el TCG [Perceptual mediation. Challenges in incorporating technology as a tool enhacing the learning process in the TCG]
source SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 472-475
summary This work presents an introduction to current problems detected in the teaching and learning of perceptual and communication processes in front of the availability of disipositivos installed and digital media courses to students enrolled for Design and Architecture careers of our faculty. The same seeks to clarify a state of affairs to continue studies already carried out (Stipech 2004), (Bertero 2009), in relation to issues of representation in the design disciplines, while rehearsing possibilities updated theory and practice in the field of workshop.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id 4f1b
id 4f1b
authors Booth, Peter
year 2009
title Digital Materiality: emergent computational fabrication
source Performative Ecologies in the Built Environment: Sustainability Research Accross Disciplines: 43rd Annual Conference of the Australian and New Zealand Architectural Science Association
summary Fundamentally architecture is a material-based practice that implies that making and the close engagement of materiality is intrinsic to design process. With the rapid uptake of new computational tools and fabrication techniques by the architectural profession there is potential for the connection between architecture and materiality to be diminished. Innovative digital technologies are redefining the relationship between design and construction encoding in the process new ways of thinking about architecture. A new archetype of sustainable architectural process is emerging, often cited as Digital Materialism. Advanced computational processes are moving digital toolsets away from a representational mode towards being integral to the design process. These methods are allowing complex design variables (material, fabrication, environment, etc.) to be interplayed within the design process, allowing an active relationship between performative criteria and design sustainability to be embedded within design methodology.
keywords Digital, Process, Material, Fabrication
series other
type normal paper
email
last changed 2010/03/06 02:53

_id 96d8
id 96d8
authors Booth, Peter; Loo, Stephen
year 2009
title Beyond Equilibrium: Sustainable Digital Design
source Sustainable theory/ theorizing sustainability Proceedings from the 5th International Conference of the Association of Architecture Victoria University, New Zealand, 4-5 September 2009
summary Implicit in current understandings of sustainability is the presence of a closed system with the capacity of equilibration. Sustainable practices, including design practices, are therefore assumed to possess a redemptive role: design is deployed (as environmentally sustainable design, etc.) to change habits, develop new technologies and recover marginalized practices in the hope of righting the balance between the environment and human endeavours.

Recent developments in experimental digital design have demonstrated non‐linear and highly complex relations between topological transformations, material change, and the temporal dimension of forces. More importantly, this method of design is bottom‐up, because it does not rely on design solutions presaged by conventions, or restricted by representation, but is emergent within the performance of computational design itself. We argue that digital design processes need to move beyond the flux of determinates and solutions in equilibrium, towards a radically continuous but consistent production, which is in effect, an expression of sustainable pedagogy.

The role of emergent digital techniques has significant impact on the methods in which computation is utilized within both practice and academic environments. This paper outlines a digital design studio on sustainability at the University of Tasmania, Australia that uses parametric modelling, digital performance testing, and topological morphology, concomitant with actual material fabrication, as a potent mode of collaborative design studio practice towards a sustainable design pedagogy.

keywords digital, computation, process, morphogenesis.
series other
type normal paper
email
last changed 2009/09/08 23:21

_id ecaade2009_003
id ecaade2009_003
authors Brell-Cokcan, Sigrid; Reis, Martin; Schmiedhofer, Heinz; Braumann, Johannes
year 2009
title Digital Design to Digital Production: Flank Milling with a 7-Axis CNC-Milling Robot and Parametric Design
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.323
source Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 323-330
summary Just recently Flank Milling has opened up new possibilities in detailing large-scale architectural building envelopes. Whereas examples such as the Hungerburgbahn by Zaha Hadid show the application of Flank Milling at the end of the architectural manufacturing process, our research, in contrast, focuses on the implementation of constraints immanent to manufacturing techniques as early architectural design parameters. This process is explored by the help of generative modeling tools, to allow an intuitive design of freeform parametric curves and surfaces while at the same time obeying crucial geometric conditions. In this paper, we will focus on the “digital design to digital production” process on a 7-axis industrial CNC -robot.
wos WOS:000334282200039
keywords CNC milling technologies, robot-milling, parametric design, freeform surface, digital architecture
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id sigradi2009_913
id sigradi2009_913
authors Bruno, Fernando Batista; José Luis Farinatti Aymone; Fábio Gonçalves Teixeira; Tânia Luisa Koltermann da Silva
year 2009
title Programa de modelagem 3D em VRML para web [VRML 3D modeling software for Web]
source SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary This work describes a software which is a VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) modeler based on Web and a learning object for this language. The modeler, developed using PHP, HTML and JavaScript, runs directly on a website and it is able to show the model and its VRML code during the creation process, and to record it on the user machine. The software developed is able to model primitive forms, as box, cylinder and sphere, and faceset surfaces, helping users to model 3D objects and to understand VRML syntax. The model material is chosen according to color and transparency.
keywords Web; VRML; 3D Modeling; Virtual Reality
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id ecaade2009_111
id ecaade2009_111
authors Cannaerts, Corneel
year 2009
title Models of / Models for Architecture: Physical and Digital Modelling in Early Design Stages
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.781
source Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 781-786
summary This paper questions whether physical and digital models can be seen as models for rather than models of architecture. Stressing the mediated nature of the design process, it questions the role models play in the early stage of architectural design. This research draws from an experimental digital & physical modelling workshop. The conclusion argues for a modelling process that incorporates both physical and digital modelling, and acknowledges the mediated nature of the design process.
wos WOS:000334282200095
keywords Modelling, digital, physical
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id sigradi2009_749
id sigradi2009_749
authors Cardoso, Daniel Ribeiro; Daniel Lenz Costa Lima; André Nogueira Paes de Paula Rodrigues
year 2009
title Design de uma poiesis [Design of a poiesis]
source SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary This article seeks an adequate manner to stand for a generative process in architecture. The processes of typology development in a vernacular architecture is adopted. As a proper cultural object, a type is perceived as a general principle of creation, a supra-individual mechanism. In that context, there are some issues concerning the research problem: how to adequately represent a poiesis? The related theories to support this research development are distinct. However, the theoretical framework point out shape grammar as a base for generative process representation in architecture. A generative system that operates with the same generative logic is proposed.
keywords architecture; generative grammar; generative process; modeling
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:48

_id sigradi2009_964
id sigradi2009_964
authors Castriota, Leonardo Barci; Rezende
year 2009
title Fotografia digital e imagens multi-perspectivas no estudo de sítios históricos [Digital photography and multi-perspective image in the study of historical sities]
source SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary The creation of panoramic images for depicting urban landscape is a technique that has its origins in Antiquity. These images, which are known to represent large urban areas from multiple views, can be considered true works of art. Recently there has been a growing interest by some researchers, especially in the area of computer graphics, in the production of multi-perspective images for representing historic sites. However, the focus of these studies has been especially the computational aspects of this process, and there are few studies that address the impact and possibilities of these methodologies in historic preservation and urban planning. Realizing this shortcoming and considering the demand for a perspective more connected to cultural heritage, our proposal is to associate the excellent visual results of the multi-perspective images to the rich possibilities of computer simulation that can provide digital photography. The fact is that in recent years we have experienced technological innovations in the field of computer simulation that far exceeded our expectations. While most surveys of buildings are still based on the use of tape measure, pencil, paper and camera, the computer has become increasingly the main interface between the user and the information and is now the preferred instrument for the production and viewing of images, including the creation of virtual environments. Thus, this work seeks to explore the great potential which seems to exist in the combination of digital photography and the technique of multi-perspective image representation, which may provide new approaches and perspectives for the field of historic preservation. For that, we present a rapid and low cost methodology, developed in recent years, which generates orthophotos and metric multi-perspective images, useful for the analysis of built heritage and historic sites. In addition to that, we will also discuss further possible byproducts of this methodology, among which we could highlight the creation of three-dimensional models, and the analysis of building pathologies in combination with thermal photography. As a case study, we will present a representation of the Rua dos Caetés, a listed historic district in Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
keywords Photogametry; Digital Photography; Heritage; Conservation
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:48

_id sigradi2023_253
id sigradi2023_253
authors Cavalcanti, Isabella, Teixeira Mendes, Leticia and Albuquerque, Fernando
year 2023
title From Modeling to Collective Digital Fabrication: Experience of the "Banco Cabaça"
source García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 543–554
summary This paper presents an experience of collective digital fabrication and parametric modeling of furniture made with recycled plastic waste, inspired by natural elements of the Brazilian northeast. In addition to conventional joinery techniques, we highlight the technologies of rapid prototyping (PR) and digital fabrication (FD) (Volpato, 2007, Pupo, 2008; Pupo, 2009); as tools that promote a paradigm shift, both in the design process and in production and materialization (Kolarevic, 2005), allowing recycled plastic to have new applications. We started with a brief review of digital fabrication processes in Brazil, emphasizing collaboration in design and execution. Then, we contain the recycling of plastic and the need for actions for its best destination. Finally, we present a sustainable and collaborative design experience: the modeling and digital fabrication of furniture, entirely produced from recycled plastic, called “Banco Cabaça”.
keywords Sustainable Design, Digital fabrication, Collaborative process, Parametric modeling, Brazilian design.
series SIGraDi
email
last changed 2024/03/08 14:07

_id sigradi2009_2001
id sigradi2009_2001
authors Corradi, Eduardo Marotti; Gabriela Celani
year 2009
title O "túnel de vento" - um exercício de projeto baseado em técnicas de animação [The "Wind Tunnel" - A Design Exercise Based in Animation Techniques]
source SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary The objective of the present research was to study the use of animation techniques as a tool for the design process. The study started with a literature review about the different possible applications of animation techniques in architectural design. Four main categories of applications were found: (1) space representation and “walk through”, (2) simulation of articulated elements and kinetic structures, (3) visualization and analysis of functional aspects of the buildings, such as circulation and fire escape, and finally (4) the generation of novel shapes. The second part of the research consisted of a design exercise in which animation techniques were used to generate a shape. For this purpose a wind simulator was used in 3DMAX. Next, Paracloud software was used to automatically generate a rib structure that allowed to produce a scale model of the shape with a laser cutter.
keywords Animation; design process; digital fabrication
series SIGRADI
type normal paper
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:49

_id ascaad2009_tellef_dannevig
id ascaad2009_tellef_dannevig
authors Dannevig, Tellef; Jostein Akre Thorvaldsen and Ramzi Hassan
year 2009
title Immersive Virtual Reality in Landscape Planning
source Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 349-364
summary In Norway there has been an increased focus on participatory planning the latter years. The public is now supposed to be included in the planning process. The documents which the public have access to usually consists of the project`s technical drawings. In some cases, the documents include perspective drawing or computer rendering supplied by the stakeholder. Most affected parties are non professional in terms of planning, and have little or no experience dealing with the plans. Therefore, the information they rely on most cases is the perspective images, which easily can be manipulated. A system that enables all parties engaged in the planning process to visualize planning scenarios in a much realistic way is therefore needed. Virtual Reality is a tool that enables the viewer to move freely in a three dimensional digital environment. In this virtual world, different levels of interactivity can be added. The Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB) has recently installed a new immersive Virtual Reality system based on the idea of ConCave theatre. This research study is making use of the new ConCave theatre in order to test whether VR can be used as an enhancement of the communication process between professionals and amateurs and between professionals. By presenting digital models of different level of detail to two subject groups consisting of students with planning background and two groups without such experience we first investigated perception in an immersive VR-environment.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2009/06/30 08:12

_id acadia09_201
id acadia09_201
authors De Kestelier, Xavier; Buswell, Richard
year 2009
title A Digital Design Environment for Large- Scale Rapid Manufacturing
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2009.201
source ACADIA 09: reForm( ) - Building a Better Tomorrow [Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-9842705-0-7] Chicago (Illinois) 22-25 October, 2009), pp. 201-208
summary Innovation in architectural design often follows technological innovation. This innovation can often be related to advances in construction techniques or design tools. This paper focuses on the development of a digital design environment for a new manufacturing process that can produce large architectural components. The design environment can be customized so that it incorporates both the flexibility and the constraints of the construction technology, such that the components produced maximize the core concept of the technology. Rapid Prototyping is a mature technology that has been around for 25 years in the manufacturing and product design industries. It is used primarily to speed up the product design cycle time from concept to physical realization for evaluation; it is now gaining a foothold in contemporary architectural practice. A number of protagonists are taking the Rapid Prototyping concept a stage further by developing large-scale processes capable of printing architectural components; there are even claims of the ability to produce whole buildings. These processes will give the architect a new palette of choice in terms of component design, and promise similar levels of geometric freedom as the Rapid Prototyping counterparts.
keywords Rapid prototyping, fabrication, hardware, concrete printing
series ACADIA
type Normal paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

For more results click below:

this is page 0show page 1show page 2show page 3show page 4show page 5... show page 29HOMELOGIN (you are user _anon_897568 from group guest) CUMINCAD Papers Powered by SciX Open Publishing Services 1.002