Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2011_p060
id	cf2011_p060
authors	Sheward, Hugo; Eastman Charles
year	2011
title	Preliminary Concept Design (PCD) Tools for Laboratory Buildings, Automated Design Optimization and Assessment Embedded in Building Information Modeling (BIM) Tools.
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 451-476.
summary	The design of laboratory buildings entails the implementation of a variety of design constraints such as building codes; design guidelines and technical requirements. The application of these requires from designers the derivation of data not explicitly available at early stages of design, at the same time there is no precise methodology to control the consistency, and accuracy of their application. Many of these constraints deal with providing secure environmental conditions for the activities inside laboratories and their repercussions both for the building occupants and population in general, these constraints mandate a strict control over the building‚Äôs Mechanical Equipment (MEP), in particular the Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. Due to the importance of these laboratory designers are expected to assess their designs not only according spatial relationships, but also design variables such as HVAC efficiency, air pressure hierarchies, operational costs, and the possible implications of their design decisions in the biological safety of the facility. At this point in time, there are no practical methods for making these assessments, without having constant interaction with HVAC specialists. The assessment of laboratory design variables, particularly those technical in nature, such as dimensioning of ducts or energy consumption are usually performed at late stages of design. They are performed by domain experts using data manually extracted from design information, with the addition of domain specific knowledge, the evaluation is done mostly through manual calculations or building simulations. In traditional practices most expert evaluations are performed once the architectural design have been completed, the turn around of the evaluation might take hours or days depending on the methods used by the engineer, therefore reducing the possibility for design alternatives evaluation. The results of these evaluations will give clues about sizing of the HVAC equipment, and might generate the need for design reformulations, causing higher development costs and time delays. Several efforts in the development of computational tools for automated design evaluation such as wheel chair accessibility (Han, Law, Latombe, Kunz, 2002) security and circulation (Eastman, 2009), and construction codes (ww.Corenet.gov.sg) have demonstrated the capabilities of rule or parameter based building assessment; several computer applications capable of supporting HVAC engineers in system designing for late concept or design development exist, but little has been done to assess the capabilities of computer applications to support laboratory design during architectural Preliminary Concept Design(PCD) (Trcka, Hensen, 2010). Developments in CAD technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) have opened doors to formal explorations in generative design using rule based or parametric modeling [7]. BIM represents buildings as a collection of objects with their own geometry, attributes, and relations. BIM also allows for the definition of objects parametrically including their relation to other model objects. BIM has enabled the development of automated rule based building evaluation (Eastman, 2009). Most of contemporary BIM applications contemplate in their default user interfaces access to design constraints and object attribute manipulations. Some even allow for the application of rules over these. Such capabilities make BIM viable platforms for automation of design data derivation and for the implementation of generative based design assessment. In this paper we analyze the possibilities provided by contemporary BIM for implementing generative based design assessment in laboratory buildings. In this schema, domain specific knowledge is embedded in to the BIM system as to make explicit design metrics that can help designers and engineers to assess the performance of design alternatives. The implementation of generative design assessments during PCD can help designers and engineers to identify design issues early in the process, reducing the number of revisions and reconfigurations in later stages of design. And generally improving design performance.
keywords	Heating ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC), Building Information Models (BIM), Generative Design Assessment
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p127
id	cf2011_p127
authors	Benros, Deborah; Granadeiro Vasco, Duarte Jose, Knight Terry
year	2011
title	Integrated Design and Building System for the Provision of Customized Housing: the Case of Post-Earthquake Haiti
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 247-264.
summary	The paper proposes integrated design and building systems for the provision of sustainable customized housing. It advances previous work by applying a methodology to generate these systems from vernacular precedents. The methodology is based on the use of shape grammars to derive and encode a contemporary system from the precedents. The combined set of rules can be applied to generate housing solutions tailored to specific user and site contexts. The provision of housing to shelter the population affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake illustrates the application of the methodology. A computer implementation is currently under development in C# using the BIM platform provided by Revit. The world experiences a sharp increase in population and a strong urbanization process. These phenomena call for the development of effective means to solve the resulting housing deficit. The response of the informal sector to the problem, which relies mainly on handcrafted processes, has resulted in an increase of urban slums in many of the big cities, which lack sanitary and spatial conditions. The formal sector has produced monotonous environments based on the idea of mass production that one size fits all, which fails to meet individual and cultural needs. We propose an alternative approach in which mass customization is used to produce planed environments that possess qualities found in historical settlements. Mass customization, a new paradigm emerging due to the technological developments of the last decades, combines the economy of scale of mass production and the aesthetics and functional qualities of customization. Mass customization of housing is defined as the provision of houses that respond to the context in which they are built. The conceptual model for the mass customization of housing used departs from the idea of a housing type, which is the combined result of three systems (Habraken, 1988) -- spatial, building system, and stylistic -- and it includes a design system, a production system, and a computer system (Duarte, 2001). In previous work, this conceptual model was tested by developing a computer system for existing design and building systems (Benr__s and Duarte, 2009). The current work advances it by developing new and original design, building, and computer systems for a particular context. The urgent need to build fast in the aftermath of catastrophes quite often overrides any cultural concerns. As a result, the shelters provided in such circumstances are indistinct and impersonal. However, taking individual and cultural aspects into account might lead to a better identification of the population with their new environment, thereby minimizing the rupture caused in their lives. As the methodology to develop new housing systems is based on the idea of architectural precedents, choosing existing vernacular housing as a precedent permits the incorporation of cultural aspects and facilitates an identification of people with the new housing. In the Haiti case study, we chose as a precedent a housetype called ‚Äúgingerbread houses‚Äù, which includes a wide range of houses from wealthy to very humble ones. Although the proposed design system was inspired by these houses, it was decided to adopt a contemporary take. The methodology to devise the new type was based on two ideas: precedents and transformations in design. In architecture, the use of precedents provides designers with typical solutions for particular problems and it constitutes a departing point for a new design. In our case, the precedent is an existing housetype. It has been shown (Duarte, 2001) that a particular housetype can be encoded by a shape grammar (Stiny, 1980) forming a design system. Studies in shape grammars have shown that the evolution of one style into another can be described as the transformation of one shape grammar into another (Knight, 1994). The used methodology departs takes off from these ideas and it comprises the following steps (Duarte, 2008): (1) Selection of precedents, (2) Derivation of an archetype; (3) Listing of rules; (4) Derivation of designs; (5) Cataloguing of solutions; (6) Derivation of tailored solution.
keywords	Mass customization, Housing, Building system, Sustainable construction, Life cycle energy consumption, Shape grammar
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ascaad2009_samir_foura
id	ascaad2009_samir_foura
authors	Foura, Samir and Samira Debache
year	2009
title	Thermal Simulation In Residential Building Within Computer Aided Architectural Design: Integrated model
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 235-243
summary	Nowadays, the architectural profession is seeking a better energy saving in the design of buildings. The fear of energy shortage in the very near future, together with the rapid rise in energy prices, put pressure on researchers on this field to develop buildings with more efficient heating systems and energy systems. This work is concerned mainly with the development of a software program analyzing comfort in buildings integrated in CAD architectural systems. The problem of presenting the computer with information concerning the building itself has been overcome through integration of thermal analysis with the building capabilities of CAD system. Mainly, such experience concerns the rules for calculating heat loss and heat gain of buildings in Algeria, The program has been developed in order to demonstrate the importance of the innovation of the computer aided-architectural-design field (CAAD) in the technology of buildings such as the three dimensional modeling offering environmental thermal analysis. CAAD is an integrated architectural design system which can be used to carry out many tasks such as working drawings, perspectives and thermal studies, etc., all from the same data. Results are obtained in tabular form or in graphical output on the visual display. The principle of this program is that all input data should be readily available to the designer at the early stages of the design before the user starts to run the integrated model. Particular attention is given to the analysis of thermal aspects including solar radiation gains. Average monthly energy requirement predictions have been estimated depending on the building design aspect. So, this integrated model (CAAD and simulation comfort) is supposed to help architects to decide on the best options for improving the design of buildings. Some of these options may be included at the early design stages analysis. Indications may also be given on how to improve the design. The model stored on CAAD system provides a valuable data base for all sort analytical programs to be integrated into the system. The amount of time and expertise required to use complex analytical methods in architectural practice can be successfully overcome by integration with CAAD system.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	acadia09_291
id	acadia09_291
authors	Hemsath, Timothy L.; McCracken, Brian; Russell, Darin
year	2009
title	Decon Recon: Parametric CADCAM Deconstruction Research
source	ACADIA 09: reForm( ) - Building a Better Tomorrow [Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-9842705-0-7] Chicago (Illinois) 22-25 October, 2009), pp. 291-293
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2009.291
summary	The deconstruction (DeCon) and repurposing (ReCon) of existing structures and materials are worthwhile and relevant endeavors given the potential for such procedures to be more economically and environmentally sustainable than conventional construction methods. Conventional construction methods often utilize virgin materials for the production of architecture, requiring extensive energy to harvest, process, and manufacture the materials for use. Today, we must face the fact that we exist in a carbon-sensitive economy, and demand design approaches that reduce architecture’s impact on the environment. Our goal was to develop a CADCAM ReCon design methodology that would have the potential to mitigate carbon consumption. To explore this goal, students engaged a design research project that looked for novel and innovative approaches to the DeCon and ReCon of an existing barn. The student researchers created parametric models and surface designs derived from the existing materials. The digitally fabricated tectonic design constructions resulted in economical, novel, and material-efficient design methodologies for DeCon and ReCon.
keywords	Fabrication, environment, CADCAM, Parametric Design
series	ACADIA
type	Short paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	sigradi2009_779
id	sigradi2009_779
authors	Lima, Thais Borges Sanches; Cláudia Naves David Amorim; Giselle Marie Cormier Chaim
year	2009
title	Simulação do Desempenho Energético de Edifícios de Escritórios em Brasília [Energy performance simulation of Brasília’s office buildings]
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	This paper presents a parametric analysis where WWR and color glass was varied to determine their influence in the thermal performance of an office building’s room. Design Builder tool was used to calculate the thermal load and the internal gains. The WWR variation in different orientations resulted in a significant increase of the thermal load. The reflective glass allowed a better thermal performance of the room. With the use of computer simulation was possible to analyse many constructive and design characteristics of the facade and its influence on the results, when considered together.
keywords	Energy performance; office buildings; computer simulation; Design Builder
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

_id	c25d
id	c25d
authors	Shady Attia, Liliana Beltrán, André De Herde and Jan Hensen
year	2009
title	Architect Friendly: A Comparison of Ten Different Building Performance Simulation Tools
source	IBPSA
summary	Performance Simulation tools BPS is available internationally. The users of those tools are mainly researchers, physicists and experts who value empirical validation, analytical verification and calibration of uncertainty as defined by e.g. BESTEST. However, literature and comparative surveys indicate that most architects who use BPS tools in design practice are much more concerned with the (1) Usability and Information Management (UIM) of interface and (2) the Integration of Intelligent design Knowledge-Base (IIKB). Those two issues are the main factors for identifying a building simulation program as “Architect Friendly”. Now, with the advancement of BPS tools and the recent announcements of direct links between BIM or non-BIM modeling tools and BPS tools it is important to compare the existing programs. Based on an online survey, this paper presents the results of comparing ten major BPS tools. The following programs are compared: ECOTECT, HEED, Energy 10, Design Builder, eQUEST, DOE-2, Green Building Studio, IES VE, Energy Plus and Energy Plus-SketchUp Plugin (OpenStudio). With 249 valid responses, the survey ranked the tools in three classes and revealed that architects seek the IIKB above the UIM of the interface. Finally, the paper summarizes the key findings and underlines the major requirements for future improvement and development of BPS tools, mainly from an architectural perspective.
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.ibpsa.org/proceedings/BS2009/BS09_0204_211.pdf
last changed	2011/05/24 07:44

_id	cf2009_poster_23
id	cf2009_poster_23
authors	Thorpe, Graham and Sam Kashuk
year	2009
title	A Syncretization Of Architecture, Engineering And Science:The use of CAD technology as a pedagogical tool in the teaching of environmentally sustainable design
source	T. Tidafi and T. Dorta (eds) Joining Languages Cultures and Visions: CAADFutures 2009 CD-Rom
summary	Energy consumption in buildings is responsible for about 40% of Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions. It is quite feasible that the energy consumption in buildings can be halved, but energy performance analysis must be integral to the entire design process. This imperative has led the authors to propose that architecture, engineering and science should be syncretized in the design process. This syncretization shares some features of the rhizomatic approach introduced by Deleuze and Guattari (2007). In rhizomatic systems all points can be, and should be connected. A rhizome can be considered as a space that develops, not from a point but from milieux. In the expansion of a rhizome, elements of the system do not follow tracings of other elements but they form a map of new vistas. Likewise, a syncretic approach is oblivious to the traditional boundaries between architecture, engineering and science. Syncretization has the potential to enrich the intellectual lives of architects, scientists and engineers, and it would have profoundly beneficial performative benefits.
keywords	Syncretic, rhizome architecture, engineering, sustainability, education
series	CAAD Futures
type	poster
last changed	2009/07/08 22:12

_id	acadia13_109
id	acadia13_109
authors	Thün, Geoffrey; Velikov, Kathy
year	2013
title	Adaptation as a Framework for Reconsidering High-Performance Residential Design: A Case Study
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 109-118
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.109
summary	This paper outlines an approach to adaptive residential design explored through recent research and an executed prototype, the North House project (2007-2009), undertaken through an interdisciplinary collaboration of researchers and students from the University of Waterloo, Ryerson University and Simon Fraser University in concert with professional and industry partners. This project aimed to develop a framework for the delivery of adaptive detached residential buildings capable of net-zero energy performance in the temperate climate zone, or the near north. Within this project, the term “adaptive” is developed across several tracts of conceptualization and execution including site and climatically derived models for building material composition and envelope ratios, environmentally-responsive kinetic envelope components, intelligent HVAC controls and interactive interface design aimed at producing co-evolutionary behaviors between building systems and inhabitants. A provisional definition of adaptive architecture is outlined to address this range of considerations that calls into question the stable image of domestic architecture and its relationship to energy and contemporary assumptions regarding sustainable design. This paper also outlines computational approaches to design optimization, distributed building systems integration and the human-controls interfaces applicable to the home’s ecology of physical and information technologies.
keywords	next generation technology, responsive buildings, high performance envelopes, sensing and feedback, passive and active systems, energy modeling, user interface
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	cf2009_353
id	cf2009_353
authors	Meagher, Mark; Van der Maas, David; Abegg, Christian and Huang, Jeffrey
year	2009
title	Dynamic ornament: Climatically responsive surfaces in architectural design
source	T. Tidafi and T. Dorta (eds) Joining Languages, Cultures and Visions: CAADFutures 2009, PUM, 2009, pp. 353-366
summary	In recent years, sensors and sensor networks have been broadly employed in buildings to monitor diverse aspects of the built environment. Sensors are commonly used to track indoor and outdoor climatic variables such as humidity, temperature, and solar radiation; and to recognize patterns in the activity of people. We propose that in addition to this common instrumental role, data gathered from sensors could also play an important aesthetic and cultural role in the design of engaging architectural spaces. We describe a design study that explores the use of sensor data as a means to qualitatively differen-tiate between spaces within the building, a role traditionally performed by architectural ornament.
keywords	Sentient architecture, thermochromic ink, sensor networks, ornament
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2009/06/08 20:53

_id	ascaad2009_mahmoud_riad
id	ascaad2009_mahmoud_riad
authors	Riad, Mahmoud
year	2009
title	Musical Deconstruction / Reconstruction: Visualizing architectonic spaces through music
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 225-233
summary	There is a common belief that music and architecture are connected through a hidden a dimension. Both arts, when abstracted intellectually (through mathematics) or emotionally (through phenomenological experience), share a number of ordering principles, having the same notion of crescendo in sequence and progression. Many have sought to unlock this hidden dimension to create artwork that lets our souls transcend up to the heavens. There are five different methods where architects have used music in their design approach: there are those who use harmonic proportions found in musical consonances as room dimensions to create harmonic spaces, flowing into each other like musical chords (Palladio, Steven Holl); those who believe that music is ‘design in time’ use rhythmic elements of music and apply it to their vertical surfaces and structural grids (Iannis Xenakis, Le Corbusier); those who use architecture as a musical instrument experiment with sound and acoustics to create a phenomenological environment (Bernhard Leitner, Peter Zumthor); those gifted with synethsesia (stimulating one sensory preceptor with another, e.g. seeing colors by listening to music, or vice versa) use certain musical pieces as an inspiration for form generation (Wassily Kandinsky, Steven Holl); and there are those who deconstruct an element in music and reconstruct it to architectural form, highlighting common themes between both arts (Iannis Xenakis, Daniel Libeskind). These five different methods have been the topic of research of many architectural scholars using western music as reference. The question becomes what if the musical reference is changed? Classical, rock, pop, country, jazz, and blues music are very different from one another, yet they share similar foundational musical structures. One may go further and experiment with various world music as reference, which is very different than western music in terms of musical structure. Linguists and musicologists have discussed the origins of music in relation to language. They hypothesize that cognitive elements found in language are somehow carried into the region's music. This paper documents the research of the author in this topic, discussing the digital modeling applications adopted that make such an investigation possible. The interest here is exploring how the visual space is altered when the musical reference is changed, and whether properties of the musical reference are evident in the architectural visualization. The musical references will be limited to Western Classical and Arabic music.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	ecaade2009_keynote2
id	ecaade2009_keynote2
authors	Whitehead, Hugh
year	2009
title	Social Experiments in Design Technology
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.x.f4d
summary	The delivery of a successful project demands high levels of collaboration across an expanded design team, which now includes consultants, fabricators and contractors as well as architects and engineers. The pace of development in design technology has been very rapid during the last few years and there are now many software products which offer high levels of sophistication. Most provide associative and parametric modelling strategies, which can be further enhanced and extended by the use of scripting languages. Designers are becoming tool-builders while fabricators are becoming digital craftsmen. With the advent of fast efficient drawing extraction the industry is at last making determined steps towards a model-driven process. However there is no integrated platform which supports the free exchange of ideas, combined with the evaluation of performance, experimentation with production techniques and the evolution of project-specific workflows. In education the design schools have been quick to recognise the potential of the new design technology. This has led to a rapid expansion in course curricula that now offer many new specialisations, most of which also need to be under-pinned by a good grounding in descriptive geometry, mathematics and physics. The architect as a generalist, who coordinates the work of specialists, is being challenged by an increasing breadth of technical studies that require more than just a superficial depth of understanding. In practice the gulf is widening even more rapidly. New graduates, who often have spectacular expertise in modelling and fluency in scripting languages, do not yet have the design and construction experience necessary to direct their efforts to best effect. On the other hand people running project teams do not have the technical background to understand the potential of the skills and resources that are available. Today there is no longer the continuity that used to derive from apprenticeship. As we experiment we find that tools based on new ideas and techniques can radically change workflow – but fear of the unknown can provoke resistance. So the problems we face in harnessing the new technology are as much social and cultural as they are technical. The presentation will focus on developing attitudes towards tool-building with the aim of integrating design, analysis and production. This is part of a continual and quite gradual process, which requires the ability to play interpretive roles that help to bring about cultural change. Examples will be shown from the work of the Specialist Modelling Group at Foster+Partners who now have tenyears experience in deploying design technology in an environment where research is intensely project driven.
series	eCAADe
type	keynote paper
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadia09_216
id	acadia09_216
authors	Wiebe, Kimberly; Kensek, Karen; Schiler, Marc
year	2009
title	SonoranSystems: Building Simulation Modeling Using a Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Analogy
source	ACADIA 09: reForm( ) - Building a Better Tomorrow [Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-9842705-0-7] Chicago (Illinois) 22-25 October, 2009), pp. 216-225
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2009.216
summary	Biomimicry is one source of inspiration for innovation in the passive thermal design of buildings and of strategies that decrease the need for auxiliary heating and cooling systems. This paper explores the potential for using analogies drawn from Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) to create a software program that simulates selected building materials to predict temporal building temperature variations.
keywords	Simulation, performance, solar, thermal design, parametric design
series	ACADIA
type	Normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2009_042
id	ecaade2009_042
authors	Barlieb, Christophe; Richter, Christoph; Greschner, Björn; Tamke, Martin
year	2009
title	Whispering Wind: Digital Practice and the Sustainable Agenda
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 543-550
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.543
wos	WOS:000334282200065
summary	Low frequency noise generated by aircraft during pre-takeoff, takeoff, landing and post-landing operations equates to high levels of undesirable ground noise pollution. This phenomenon is gaining heightened popular interest among air transportation specialists and agencies as urban settlements and airports expand beyond post-war city limits to meet demands of the 21st Century. This paper highlights the advantages of employing digital tools in tight collaboration with academics and professionals at the early stages of the design process and revisits ancient architectural design strategies to arrive at more meaningful and sustainable architectural interventions.
keywords	Acoustic, architecture, opensource, passive design, sustainability
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia20_574
id	acadia20_574
authors	Nguyen, John; Peters, Brady
year	2020
title	Computational Fluid Dynamics in Building Design Practice
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume I: Technical Papers [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95213-0]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by B. Slocum, V. Ago, S. Doyle, A. Marcus, M. Yablonina, and M. del Campo. 574-583.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2020.1.574
summary	This paper provides a state-of-the-art of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the building industry. Two methods were used to find this new knowledge: a series of interviews with leading architecture, engineering, and software professionals; and a series of tests in which CFD software was evaluated using comparable criteria. The paper reports findings in technology, workflows, projects, current unmet needs, and future directions. In buildings, airflow is fundamental for heating and cooling, as well as occupant comfort and productivity. Despite its importance, the design of airflow systems is outside the realm of much of architectural design practice; but with advances in digital tools, it is now possible for architects to integrate air flow into their building design workflows (Peters and Peters 2018). As Chen (2009) states, “In order to regulate the indoor air parameters, it is essential to have suitable tools to predict ventilation performance in buildings.” By enabling scientific data to be conveyed in a visual process that provides useful analytical information to designers (Hartog and Koutamanis 2000), computer performance simulations have opened up new territories for design “by introducing environments in which we can manipulate and observe” (Kaijima et al. 2013). Beyond comfort and productivity, in recent months it has emerged that air flow may also be a matter of life and death. With the current global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, it is indoor environments where infections most often happen (Qian et al. 2020). To design architecture in a post-COVID-19 environment will require an in-depth understanding of how air flows through space.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	ijac20097408
id	ijac20097408
authors	Biloria, Nimish; Valentina Sumini
year	2009
title	Performative Building Skin Systems: A Morphogenomic Approach Towards Developing Real-Time Adaptive Building Skin Systems
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 7 - no. 4, 643-676
summary	Morphogenomics, a relatively new research area, involves understanding the role played by information regulation in the emergence of diverse natural and artificially generated morphologies. Performative building skin systems as a bottom-up parametric formation of context aware interdependent, ubiquitously communicating components leading to the development of continually performative systems is one of the multi-scalar derivations of the aforementioned Morphogenomic understanding. The agenda of adaptations for these building skins specifically corresponds to three domains of adaptation: structural, behavioral and physiological adaptations resulting in kinetic adaptability, energy generation, conservation, transport and usage principles as well as material property based changes per component. The developed skins adapt in real time via operating upon ubiquitous communication and data-regulation protocols for sensing and processing contextual information. Computational processes and information technology based tools and techniques such as parametric design, real-time simulation using game design software, environmental information mapping, sensing and actuating systems coupled with inbuilt control systems as well as manufacturing physical models in collaboration with praxis form a vital part of these skin systems. These experiments and analysis based on developing intrinsic inter-dependencies between contextual data, structure and material logistics thus lay the foundation for a new era of continually performing, self powering, real-time adaptive intelligent building skin systems.
series	journal
last changed	2010/09/06 08:02

_id	caadria2009_111
id	caadria2009_111
authors	Biswas, Tajin; Ramesh Krishnamurti and Tsung-Hsien Wang
year	2009
title	Framework for Sustainable Building Design
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 43-52
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.043
summary	For sustainable building design, computational tools, mostly in the form of simulations, are employed to determine loads and to predict systems performance typically in terms of energy use. Currently, sustainability, in the building domain, is judged by a rating system. Design choices are validated, by measuring against one. The objective of the framework is to provide a general approach to processing the informational needs of any rating system, by identifying, categorizing and organizing relevant data requirements. Aspects of sustainability that designers deal with intuitively will have a structured guideline and gauge as one selects a rating system of choice.
keywords	Sustainable design: rating system; framework; building information model
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaade2009_165
id	ecaade2009_165
authors	Cardoso, Daniel; Argun, Avni; Rocha, Carlos A.; Gonzalez, Jose
year	2009
title	Drawing Transparencies: ‘Responsible Responsiveness’ in Spaces Through Organic Electrochromism
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 83-88
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.083
wos	WOS:000334282200009
summary	A system for using organic polymers as electrochromic components for a building’s facade is proposed, and early prototypes are presented. The potentialities of such system, Croma, are considered in two aspects: a) as interactive facades that change opacity in reaction to touch –hence “drawing with transparency”- and b) as elements to automate energy-smart behaviors of a building. Some implications are discussed.
keywords	Responsive Surfaces, Smart-Materials, Interactive Architecture, Electrochromism
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia09_130
id	acadia09_130
authors	Kimpian, Judit; Mason, Josh; Coenders, Jeroen; Jestico, Dan; Watts, Steve
year	2009
title	Sustainably Tall: Investment, Energy, Life Cycle
source	ACADIA 09: reForm( ) - Building a Better Tomorrow [Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-9842705-0-7] Chicago (Illinois) 22-25 October, 2009), pp. 130-143
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2009.130
summary	The purpose of this project is to provide an interactive platform for clients and design teams to evaluate the consequences of shape, form, and briefing decisions on the energy use, embodied energy, and capital / life-cycle cost of a tall building early in the design process. The Tall Building Simulation (TBS) model is the result of a collaborative partnership between Aedas, Arup, Hilson Moran (HM), and Davis Langdon (DL). It is estimated that most decisions determining the sustainability of a project are made in the first 1 percent of a project’s program, whereas the majority of the information required for sustainability assessment is not usually available or examined until after the concept stage. By this time, most solutions would need design or briefing changes that are too costly to implement. Using the TBS model, architects, engineers, and clients can simultaneously explore the impact of typical technical and design decisions on a tall building’s energy footprint and its dynamic relationship to cost at the briefing stage.
keywords	Design evaluation, environmental impact, energy, simulation
series	ACADIA
type	Normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	sigradi2009_1180
id	sigradi2009_1180
authors	Neves, Isabel Clara
year	2009
title	Aproximações da Arquitectura à Biologia: Levantamento interpretativo de experimentações contemporâneas [Biology approximations in Architecture: Interpretative survey of contemporary experiments]
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	It is appropriate to investigate the potential analogies between architecture and biology enabled by the use of digital processes, thereby testing the effectiveness of the application of biological principles to the lifecycle of buildings. The aim of this paper is to understand the way architects integrate and develop different biological approaches to architecture, by mapping the present situation and identifying the trends for future developments. Three major approaches were identified: biomimetics, bionics and biotechnology. The use of biological knowledge and technology in architecture, could pave the way for solutions to current problems, such as energy shortage, climate change, and lifestyle diversity.
keywords	Architecture; technology; biomimetics; bionics; biotechnology
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:56

_id	ascaad2009_bhzad_sidawi
id	ascaad2009_bhzad_sidawi
authors	Sidawi, Bhzad
year	2009
title	The Consideration of Lifelong Owner’s and Property’s Characteristics in Nd Cad System: The case of affordable housing in kingdom of Saudi Arabia
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 191-204
summary	Residential property value is affected by several factors during its useful time. . These factors include people’s lifestyles, traditions and culture, and the way they live and interact with the built environment. The property characteristics such as its location, building quality, adaptability, and energy efficiency would also have an impact on the property value. On the other hand, the nD CAD research that emerged in the late 1990s proposed endless dimensions of CAD modelling that would incorporate the building regulations’ requirements, basic user needs and client requirements. However, there is a need to implement lifelong parameters that would have significant effect on the property value in 3D models during the early stages of design. This can be done through a knowledge base integrated into a 3D model and links the lifelong property’s and the user’s characteristics with the property’s value. A survey was carried out on banks and Real Estate Development Fund (REDF) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to find out the level of impact of lifelong users and property characteristics on the property’s value. The results of the survey showed a number of lifelong property and user driven parameters that may have major impact on the property’s value. The implementation of lifelong parameters in nD CAD models would have a number of benefits. It would provide the decision makers such as banks and investors with a tool to assess the level of impact of possible lifelong factors on the property value and consider alternative schemes. Designers would use it during the early stages of design to produce optimum design solutions that provide an adequate product that is evaluated regarding its lifelong value to the end users. Eventually it would provide a comfortable environment that is tailored to the user’s needs and aspirations, while reserving the property’s lifelong value.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

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