Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	ecaade2009_022
id	ecaade2009_022
authors	Wurzer, Gabriel
year	2009
title	Systems: Constraining Functions through Processes (and Vice Versa)
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 659-664
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.659
wos	WOS:000334282200079
summary	We propose a novel computer-based design method for planning process-driven buildings. The method binds functions to processes, in order to avoid (1.) functions that are not present in any process and (2.) processes that lack some of their required functions.
keywords	Functional planning, process design, design rigor, diagram
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2009_021
id	ecaade2009_021
authors	Fleischmann, Moritz; Ahlquist, Sean
year	2009
title	Cylindrical Mesh Morphologies: Study of Computational Meshes based on Parameters of Force, Material, and Space for the Design of Tension-Active Structures
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 39-46
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.039
wos	WOS:000334282200003
summary	In experimenting with digital processes for simulating the behavior of tension-active cable nets, a method was developed for creating informed geometries by utilizing computational meshes that carry properties of structure, space, and material. A spring-based particle system provided the dynamics to simulate the flow of tension force through the geometry. Particular functions were scripted to embed logics for fabrication and analysis of spatial parameters. This formulated a lightweight, reactive design tool for which multiple cable net morphologies could be quickly generated. This paper will describe the experiments in creating the method to generate such cable net morphologies, and discuss the potential application for this computational framework to apply to other architectural systems.
keywords	Computation, particle system, spring, dynamic relaxation, processing, fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	cf2011_p110
id	cf2011_p110
authors	Mcmeel, Dermott
year	2011
title	I think Therefore i-Phone: The influence of Pervasive Media on Collaboration and Multi-Disciplinary Group Work
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 69-84.
summary	The study of value and its transfer during the multi-disciplinary process of design is stable fodder for research; an entire issue of Design Studies has been devoted to Values in the Design Process. By scrutinising design meetings Dantec (2009) and Ball (2009) separately examine the mechanisms of value transfer between the agents involved in design (clients, designers, engineers). Dantec suggests this is best understood in terms of requirement, values and narrative; Ball proposes it should be viewed as a combination of "analogical reasoning" and "environmental simulation". If we look at Vitruvius and his primary architectural manual (Pollio 1960) we find values‚Äîin the form of firmitas, utilitas and venustas‚Äîembedded in this early codification of architectural practice. However, as much current research is restricted to design practice what occurs when value frameworks move between domains of cultural activity (such as design to construction and vice-versa) is not privileged with a comparably sizable body of research. This paper is concerned with the ongoing usage of pervasive media and cellular phones within communications and value transfer across the disciplinary threshold of design and construction. Through participation in a building project we analyse the subtleties of interaction between analogue communication such as sketches and digitally sponsored communication such as e-mail and mobile phone usage. Analysing the communications between the designer and builder during construction suggests it is also a creative process and the distinctions between design and construction processes are complex and often blurred. This work provides an observational basis for understanding mobile computing as a dynamic ‚Äòtuning‚Äô device‚Äîas hypothesized by Richard Coyne (2010)‚Äîthat ameliorates the brittleness of communication between different disciplines. A follow up study deploys ‚Äòdigital fieldnotes‚Äô (dfn) a bespoke iPhone application designed to test further suppositions regarding the influence exerted upon group working by mobile computing. Within collaboration individual communiqu_©s have different levels of importance depending on the specific topic of discussion and the contributing participant. This project furthers the earlier study; expanding upon what mobile computing is and enabling us to infer how these emergent devices affect collaboration. Findings from these two investigations suggest that the synchronous and asynchronous clamour of analogue and digital tools that surround design and construction are not exclusively inefficiencies or disruptions to be expunged. Observational evidence suggests they may provide contingency and continue to have value attending to the relationship between static components‚Äîand the avoidance of failure‚Äîwithin a complex system such as design and construction.
keywords	collaboration, design, mobile computing, digital media
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	caadria2009_318
id	caadria2009_318
authors	Burke, Anthony
year	2009
title	Competing "Intelligences"
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 607-611
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.607
summary	In this paper, the dominant definitions of intelligence are explored in order to establish a set of working principals towards the development of higher order computational design processes in architecture. A review of intelligence as it has been understood over the last 60 years since Alan Turing (1950) first asked the question “can machines think?” shows the question of intelligence is far from clearly understood. Principals of intelligence however can be identified within the neurophysiological and artificial intelligence (AI) communities that differ significantly from the notion of intelligence as it is commonly used in architecture typically relating to the phenomena of emergence and critical point material physics. While distinct, these definitions provide a foundation for understanding intelligence specifically in computational architecture at a moment when it is necessary to develop a foundational taxonomy of systems thinking and processes. Through critiquing the principals of intelligence as it is understood in these different discipline areas, the thesis of this paper is that it is possible to frame a productive general theory of intelligent systems applicable to design processes, while simultaneously distinguishing the goals of design oriented higher order computational systems from those goals of general Artificial Intelligence research.
keywords	Intelligence; computation; design; architecture
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2009_108
id	ecaade2009_108
authors	Del Signore, Marcella; Cantrell, Bradley; Roppo, Barbara
year	2009
title	HYBRIDS: Urban Systems and Information
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 843-850
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.843
wos	WOS:000334282200103
summary	Digital tools are transforming design pedagogy by continuously redefining approaches to design processes and methodologies. A recurring theme in design education is the link between the analytical processes and the project development. While the investigations are formulated during the first phase, one typically moves back and forth between the two, allowing ideas created from the analysis to influence and modify the overall design directions. The data created through digital tools can be manipulated, altered, modified and, because of its inherent properties, carried throughout the overall design process. The focus of “Hybrids” seminar was to develop a strategy in which the analytical information and data created through digital tools, were able to inform a synergistic analog:digital design process. The seminar asked students to develop a temporary installation at the New Orleans Riverfront (Figure 1) focusing on the liminal condition that exists between the city and waters edge. The site is a nodal point between the French Quarter and the river that presents different levels of information and acts as a threshold between the city and the water edge.
keywords	New design concepts and strategies, simulation, prediction and evaluation, modes of production
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ijac20097108
id	ijac20097108
authors	Izkara, J.L.; Basogain, X.; Borro, D.
year	2009
title	Wearable Personal Assistants for the Management of Historical Centers
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 7 - no. 1, 139-156
summary	One of the main tasks facing the manager of a historical centre is to avoid degradation while retaining the historical value. For this reason, any intervention which takes place on the environment, should be carefully managed. Only when performing a proper diagnosis of the environment and its reality is possible to follow a high quality intervention. The integration of new information technologies has been crucial to the improvement of these processes providing new tools. Within the project called RASMAP, we have designed and implemented a mobile augmented reality platform based on a service oriented architecture. This project introduces the concept of Wearable Personal Assistant (WPA). WPA in the RASMAP platform represents an innovative wearable tool, which provides support to professionals in their daily activities (mechanical engineer, safety responsible person, diagnosis expert, etc.). This tool is based on augmented reality technologies, mobile devices and communication infrastructures. The development of the platform for the WPAs implies addressing several technological challenges: a) to overcome the limitations inherent in the mobile devices: speed, capacity of memory, capacity of storage, graphical features and others, b) to obtain tracking systems that they do not need to alter or to adapt the environment, c) to optimize for the transmission and reproduction of multimedia contents through wireless networks on mobile devices. In this article, we describe the RASMAP platform, as a basis for the development of WPA and the extension of its use for the management of historical centres. The quality and usefulness of the scientific-technological results provided by the WPA have been validated developing a demonstrator for the diagnosis of the conservation status of the historical centre of a small town in the Basque Country. The advantages to be gained by using WPA in the proposed scenario are among others: more efficient processes, improved communication between users, and local and distributed multimedia content records.
series	journal
last changed	2009/06/23 08:07

_id	acadia09_194
id	acadia09_194
authors	Oesterle, Silvan
year	2009
title	Cultural Performance in Robotic Timber Construction
source	ACADIA 09: reForm( ) - Building a Better Tomorrow [Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-9842705-0-7] Chicago (Illinois) 22-25 October, 2009), pp. 194-200
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2009.194
summary	In the research presented in this paper, we investigate the architectonic potential of additive digital fabrication in timber construction through robotic processes. The goal of the project was to learn from traditional building techniques and to translate the cultural knowledge about performance requirements such as constructive weather protection and structure for today’s tools and digital design systems.
keywords	Robot, fabrication, prototype, history, parametric design, wood
series	ACADIA
type	Normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ecaade2009_035
id	ecaade2009_035
authors	Paio, Alexandra; Turkienicz, Benamy
year	2009
title	A Generative Urban Grammar for Portuguese Colonial Cities, During the Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries: Towards a Tool for Urban Design
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 585-592
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.585
wos	WOS:000334282200070
summary	This paper main goal is to depict the generative principles of 16th -18th century Portuguese colonial urban design described from its Pythagorean-Euclidean geometrical genesis and correspondent logical rules and operations. These origins were found in Portuguese compendiums and treaties on practical geometry, architectural and military engineering from the sixteenth through the eighteenth century. The study attempts to show that rigorous operative geometrical discourse is inseparable from social knowledge, whereby form is the operative result of abstract mental processes and logical visual reasoning associated to ideas of growth and reproduction of order.
keywords	Generative systems, shape grammars, Portuguese urban design, Portuguese geometric knowledge
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ascaad2009_emmanuel_ruffo
id	ascaad2009_emmanuel_ruffo
authors	Ruffo, Emmanuel
year	2009
title	Programming As an Evolutionary Concept for Architectural Education: From natural systems to computer science materialization to emergent and evolutionary embedded architectural design
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 47-59
summary	Logic and evolution in ontogenetic processes for Architectural design was the title for a summer program taught at the Escuela de Arquitectura of the Universidad Anahuac from June to July 2008 in the State of Mexico, Mexico. Every single result in architectural design follows logical steps enclosed in the design processes. These logical processes evolve through space-time sequences in order to generate a diversity of possible solutions. In Biology an ontogenetic process refers to the development of an individual organism, anatomical or behavioral feature from the earliest stage to maturity. Following this development criteria students were encouraged to understand the main logics of natural and physical systems through the aid of computer programming. These logics must be understood as tridimensional geometries digitally generated. Right from the beginning all processes generated during the explorations and investigations had to be visualized as integral design performances. The integral design system must embedded structure, function, form and material capacities through the aid of computer programming, digital fabrication technologies and material assembling techniques. It is important to note that final prototypes had to demonstrate the diversity of capacities of the whole system in order to automate the components in evolution.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	ecaade2013_187
id	ecaade2013_187
authors	Tompson, Tim and Haeusler, M. Hank
year	2013
title	Investigating Tools for Multi-Stakeholder Decision Making to Improve the Spatial Performance in Transport Interchanges
source	Stouffs, Rudi and Sariyildiz, Sevil (eds.), Computation and Performance – Proceedings of the 31st eCAADe Conference – Volume 1, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, 18-20 September 2013, pp. 233-242
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2013.1.233
wos	WOS:000340635300024
summary	Public transport interchanges often involve several stakeholders for planning and decision-making. As a result complexity leads to inefficient processes, leading to indecision, disruption, or costly delays. Consequently, the paper focuses on the application of tools for navigation and prioritization of opportunities in the need finding, fuzzy-front end, or mystery phase as introduced by Martin (2009). The paper outlines in a case study how a multi-stakeholder platform can progress from complete ambiguity in project definition through to clearly defined and understood projects that have a shared intent across the multi-stakeholder platform. These tools have been applied in a public transport context, by demonstrating the process of integrating digital innovation into various stakeholders through a participatory research process. The paper introduces the research background; discusses the hypothesis; outlines the case study; emphasizes its significance for multi-stakeholder decision-making and discusses the opportunities for the built environment.
keywords	Participatory design; soft-systems methodology; multi-stakeholder; urban planning; transport environment.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ascaad2009_mai_abdelsalam
id	ascaad2009_mai_abdelsalam
authors	Abdelsalam, Mai
year	2009
title	The Use of the Smart Geometry through Various Design Processes: Using the programming platform (parametric features) and generative components
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 297-304
summary	The emergence of parametric generative design tools and prototyping manufacturing technology led to radical changes in architectural morphologies. This change increased the opportunity to develop innovative smart geometries. Integrating these algorithms in the parametric softwares led to variations in building design concepts increasing alternatives and decreasing the repetitive work previously needed in conventional CAD software. The chosen software in this research is Generative Components (GC). It is a software design tool for an associative and parametric design platform. It is tested for using Global Variables with associative functions during the concept creation and form GC comprises features. The results presented in this research may be considered an introduction to the smart geometry revolution. It deals with the generative design which applied in the design process from conceptual design phase, defining the problem, exploring design solutions, then how to develop the design phases. Office building is a building type which encourages new forms that needs computational processes to deal with repetitive functions and modular spaces and enclosed in a flexible creative structural skin. Generative design helps the office buildings to be arranged, analysed, and optimized using parameters in early stages in design process. By the end of the research, the use of the smart geometry in a high rise office building is defined and explained. The research is divided into three parts, first a summary of the basic theories of office buildings design and the sustainable requirements that affect it, and should be integrated. Secondly, the previous experiences in generating office buildings by Norman foster and Sergio Araya. At last, a case study is proposed to test and evaluate the use of the parametric generative methodology in designing an office building with specific emphasis on the function, environmental aspects and form generation using Generative Components (GC) Software.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	ascaad2009_mahmoud_riad
id	ascaad2009_mahmoud_riad
authors	Riad, Mahmoud
year	2009
title	Musical Deconstruction / Reconstruction: Visualizing architectonic spaces through music
source	Digitizing Architecture: Formalization and Content [4th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2009) / ISBN 978-99901-06-77-0], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 11-12 May 2009, pp. 225-233
summary	There is a common belief that music and architecture are connected through a hidden a dimension. Both arts, when abstracted intellectually (through mathematics) or emotionally (through phenomenological experience), share a number of ordering principles, having the same notion of crescendo in sequence and progression. Many have sought to unlock this hidden dimension to create artwork that lets our souls transcend up to the heavens. There are five different methods where architects have used music in their design approach: there are those who use harmonic proportions found in musical consonances as room dimensions to create harmonic spaces, flowing into each other like musical chords (Palladio, Steven Holl); those who believe that music is ‘design in time’ use rhythmic elements of music and apply it to their vertical surfaces and structural grids (Iannis Xenakis, Le Corbusier); those who use architecture as a musical instrument experiment with sound and acoustics to create a phenomenological environment (Bernhard Leitner, Peter Zumthor); those gifted with synethsesia (stimulating one sensory preceptor with another, e.g. seeing colors by listening to music, or vice versa) use certain musical pieces as an inspiration for form generation (Wassily Kandinsky, Steven Holl); and there are those who deconstruct an element in music and reconstruct it to architectural form, highlighting common themes between both arts (Iannis Xenakis, Daniel Libeskind). These five different methods have been the topic of research of many architectural scholars using western music as reference. The question becomes what if the musical reference is changed? Classical, rock, pop, country, jazz, and blues music are very different from one another, yet they share similar foundational musical structures. One may go further and experiment with various world music as reference, which is very different than western music in terms of musical structure. Linguists and musicologists have discussed the origins of music in relation to language. They hypothesize that cognitive elements found in language are somehow carried into the region's music. This paper documents the research of the author in this topic, discussing the digital modeling applications adopted that make such an investigation possible. The interest here is exploring how the visual space is altered when the musical reference is changed, and whether properties of the musical reference are evident in the architectural visualization. The musical references will be limited to Western Classical and Arabic music.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2009/06/30 08:12

_id	sigradi2009_1086
id	sigradi2009_1086
authors	Abdelhameed, Wael; Yoshiro Kobayashi
year	2009
title	Urban Wiki: An online urban design system
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	This research involves the framework and design of Urban Wiki, an online urban design system employing Wiki concept. The term Urban Wiki is created by the researchers; its concepts and methodology will be introduced and presented. Urban Wiki aims to creating a networking system of urban designs, enabling the collaborative work between users around the world. The presented system framework is created and tested by the researchers from two different locations in the world. The purpose of the research is to study how the users can share effectively designing/modeling large scale urban projects. An urban project of a village scale is used to demonstrate the potentials of Urban Wiki, presenting its functions and highlighting the possible uses in the urban area. Moreover, using the created models opens up various urban paths of designing, decision-making, and sharing. Techniques employed in the design of Urban Wiki can potentially be used to build up scalable, easily navigable and extensible models of large-scale entities.
keywords	Urban design; urban planning; networking; urban wiki; modeling systems
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	caadria2009_021
id	caadria2009_021
authors	Ambrose, Michael A.
year	2009
title	BIM and Comprehensive Design Studio Education
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 757-760
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.757
summary	Building Information Modeling (BIM) has the potential to fundamentally alter the way composition, scale and abstraction are addressed in today’s comprehensive design studio by displacing the primacy of abstract conventions of representation with a methodology based on systems thinking and virtual simulation. BIM viewed as provocateur of design education provides great potential for the critical analysis of how architectural design is taught. The design studio project reflects new ways of teaching and addressing BIM methods and processes, and critically evaluating their effects and possibilities on architectural production.
keywords	Education; design theory; design studies; animation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2009_087
id	ecaade2009_087
authors	Asanowicz, Aleksander
year	2009
title	Evolution of Design Support Methods – from Formal Systems to Environment
source	Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design [27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9] Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 817-824
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2009.817
wos	WOS:000334282200100
summary	In the paper the main stages of the evolution of aided design methods (which led to the formation of new spaces of creation) will be presented. The first way in which human tried make his work easier were direct introduction of scientific researches in practice. Comprehension and studying the structure of design process creates real conditions for increase of its efficiency. Thanks to methodological researches the systematic design methods were developed. The next steep was introducing the IT technologies into the design process. Firstly as a simple tool, and after as the participant of the creative process. Last years an idea of “direct designing” – the use of VR as an environment for the spatial forms creation was elaborated. The environment starts to play a role of an active mediator joining the real world, the men and the computer. In this environment the designer has access to the processes and sources of creative activity. The qualitatively new process of architectural designing arises.
keywords	Methodology, creativity, design environment
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2009_957
id	sigradi2009_957
authors	Baerlecken, Daniel Michael; Gernot Riether
year	2009
title	From texture to volume: an investigation in quasi-crystalline systems
source	SIGraDi 2009 - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 16-18, 2009
summary	The relation between texture, pattern and massing is a fundamental question in architecture. Classical architecture, as Leon Battista Alberti states in “De re aedificatoria” (Book VI, Chapter 2), is developed through massing and structure first; texture is added afterwards to give the bold massing and structure beauty. Only the ornamentation adds pulcritudo to the raw structure and massing. Rather than starting with a volume and applying texture afterwards, the Digital Girih project started with textural operations that informed the overall volume later. The stereometric, top-down methodology is questioned through the bottom-up methodology of the Girih project. Girih lines of traditional Islamic patterns were used as a starting point. The aspect of 3-dimensionality was developed analogue as well as digital, using the deformability of different materials at various scales and digital construction techniques as parameters. The flexibility within the Girih rules allowed the system to adapt to different tasks and situations and to react to different conditions between 2- and 3- dimensionality. The project in that way explored a bottom-up process of form generation. This paper will describe the process of the project and explain the necessity of digital tools, such as Grasshopper and Rhino, and fabrication tools, such as laser cutter and CNC fabrication technology, that were essential for this process.
keywords	Generative Design; Parametric Design; Tessellation; Form Finding; Scripting
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	caadria2009_137
id	caadria2009_137
authors	Baerlecken, Daniel; Judith Reitz
year	2009
title	Combinatorial Productivity
source	Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Yunlin (Taiwan) 22-25 April 2009, pp. 761-770
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2009.761
summary	The paper investigates knotting techniques as a method for generating wall systems. The essential matter of the paper is to demonstrate the potential of knotted, algorithmic architecture through different research studies, which share the knotting of linear elements as a common methodology for design development. Combinatorial Productivity implies that by combining linear elements hidden properties of a system emerge and thereby the system becomes productive.
keywords	Generative Design; Design methodology; Parametric Form Generation; Knot Theory; Scripting
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cf2011_p127
id	cf2011_p127
authors	Benros, Deborah; Granadeiro Vasco, Duarte Jose, Knight Terry
year	2011
title	Integrated Design and Building System for the Provision of Customized Housing: the Case of Post-Earthquake Haiti
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 247-264.
summary	The paper proposes integrated design and building systems for the provision of sustainable customized housing. It advances previous work by applying a methodology to generate these systems from vernacular precedents. The methodology is based on the use of shape grammars to derive and encode a contemporary system from the precedents. The combined set of rules can be applied to generate housing solutions tailored to specific user and site contexts. The provision of housing to shelter the population affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake illustrates the application of the methodology. A computer implementation is currently under development in C# using the BIM platform provided by Revit. The world experiences a sharp increase in population and a strong urbanization process. These phenomena call for the development of effective means to solve the resulting housing deficit. The response of the informal sector to the problem, which relies mainly on handcrafted processes, has resulted in an increase of urban slums in many of the big cities, which lack sanitary and spatial conditions. The formal sector has produced monotonous environments based on the idea of mass production that one size fits all, which fails to meet individual and cultural needs. We propose an alternative approach in which mass customization is used to produce planed environments that possess qualities found in historical settlements. Mass customization, a new paradigm emerging due to the technological developments of the last decades, combines the economy of scale of mass production and the aesthetics and functional qualities of customization. Mass customization of housing is defined as the provision of houses that respond to the context in which they are built. The conceptual model for the mass customization of housing used departs from the idea of a housing type, which is the combined result of three systems (Habraken, 1988) -- spatial, building system, and stylistic -- and it includes a design system, a production system, and a computer system (Duarte, 2001). In previous work, this conceptual model was tested by developing a computer system for existing design and building systems (Benr__s and Duarte, 2009). The current work advances it by developing new and original design, building, and computer systems for a particular context. The urgent need to build fast in the aftermath of catastrophes quite often overrides any cultural concerns. As a result, the shelters provided in such circumstances are indistinct and impersonal. However, taking individual and cultural aspects into account might lead to a better identification of the population with their new environment, thereby minimizing the rupture caused in their lives. As the methodology to develop new housing systems is based on the idea of architectural precedents, choosing existing vernacular housing as a precedent permits the incorporation of cultural aspects and facilitates an identification of people with the new housing. In the Haiti case study, we chose as a precedent a housetype called ‚Äúgingerbread houses‚Äù, which includes a wide range of houses from wealthy to very humble ones. Although the proposed design system was inspired by these houses, it was decided to adopt a contemporary take. The methodology to devise the new type was based on two ideas: precedents and transformations in design. In architecture, the use of precedents provides designers with typical solutions for particular problems and it constitutes a departing point for a new design. In our case, the precedent is an existing housetype. It has been shown (Duarte, 2001) that a particular housetype can be encoded by a shape grammar (Stiny, 1980) forming a design system. Studies in shape grammars have shown that the evolution of one style into another can be described as the transformation of one shape grammar into another (Knight, 1994). The used methodology departs takes off from these ideas and it comprises the following steps (Duarte, 2008): (1) Selection of precedents, (2) Derivation of an archetype; (3) Listing of rules; (4) Derivation of designs; (5) Cataloguing of solutions; (6) Derivation of tailored solution.
keywords	Mass customization, Housing, Building system, Sustainable construction, Life cycle energy consumption, Shape grammar
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ijac20097408
id	ijac20097408
authors	Biloria, Nimish; Valentina Sumini
year	2009
title	Performative Building Skin Systems: A Morphogenomic Approach Towards Developing Real-Time Adaptive Building Skin Systems
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 7 - no. 4, 643-676
summary	Morphogenomics, a relatively new research area, involves understanding the role played by information regulation in the emergence of diverse natural and artificially generated morphologies. Performative building skin systems as a bottom-up parametric formation of context aware interdependent, ubiquitously communicating components leading to the development of continually performative systems is one of the multi-scalar derivations of the aforementioned Morphogenomic understanding. The agenda of adaptations for these building skins specifically corresponds to three domains of adaptation: structural, behavioral and physiological adaptations resulting in kinetic adaptability, energy generation, conservation, transport and usage principles as well as material property based changes per component. The developed skins adapt in real time via operating upon ubiquitous communication and data-regulation protocols for sensing and processing contextual information. Computational processes and information technology based tools and techniques such as parametric design, real-time simulation using game design software, environmental information mapping, sensing and actuating systems coupled with inbuilt control systems as well as manufacturing physical models in collaboration with praxis form a vital part of these skin systems. These experiments and analysis based on developing intrinsic inter-dependencies between contextual data, structure and material logistics thus lay the foundation for a new era of continually performing, self powering, real-time adaptive intelligent building skin systems.
series	journal
last changed	2010/09/06 08:02

_id	acadia09_82
id	acadia09_82
authors	Bitonti, Francis
year	2009
title	Computational Tectonics
source	ACADIA 09: reForm( ) - Building a Better Tomorrow [Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-9842705-0-7] Chicago (Illinois) 22-25 October, 2009), pp. 82-89
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2009.082
summary	The goal of this research is to define a methodology for the construction of complex non-repeating surfaces and structures that rely on the formulation of a singular tectonic mechanism. Computational systems like cellular automata seem to suggest that it might be possible for modular material systems to self-assemble into complex organizations. A single series of modular parts could be capable of producing not only complex behavior, but also, depending on initial conditions, simple periodic behavior. The research outlined in this paper uses simple geometric transformations to produce tectonic computers that can be applied to a variety of building systems. This paper outlines a methodology for encoding and decoding material assemblages as discrete computational systems. Exploiting the combinatorial nature of tectonic systems makes it possible to produce a population of “material algorithms” capable of exhibiting a wide range of behaviors. Encoding assemblages as discrete systems affords the designer the ability to enumerate and search all possible permutations of a tectonic system. In this paper, we will discuss the calculations and computational processes used to encode material assemblages as populations of discrete algorithms.
keywords	Fabrication, modular system, structure, enumeration systems, material algorithms
series	ACADIA
type	Normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

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