Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2011_p127
id	cf2011_p127
authors	Benros, Deborah; Granadeiro Vasco, Duarte Jose, Knight Terry
year	2011
title	Integrated Design and Building System for the Provision of Customized Housing: the Case of Post-Earthquake Haiti
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 247-264.
summary	The paper proposes integrated design and building systems for the provision of sustainable customized housing. It advances previous work by applying a methodology to generate these systems from vernacular precedents. The methodology is based on the use of shape grammars to derive and encode a contemporary system from the precedents. The combined set of rules can be applied to generate housing solutions tailored to specific user and site contexts. The provision of housing to shelter the population affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake illustrates the application of the methodology. A computer implementation is currently under development in C# using the BIM platform provided by Revit. The world experiences a sharp increase in population and a strong urbanization process. These phenomena call for the development of effective means to solve the resulting housing deficit. The response of the informal sector to the problem, which relies mainly on handcrafted processes, has resulted in an increase of urban slums in many of the big cities, which lack sanitary and spatial conditions. The formal sector has produced monotonous environments based on the idea of mass production that one size fits all, which fails to meet individual and cultural needs. We propose an alternative approach in which mass customization is used to produce planed environments that possess qualities found in historical settlements. Mass customization, a new paradigm emerging due to the technological developments of the last decades, combines the economy of scale of mass production and the aesthetics and functional qualities of customization. Mass customization of housing is defined as the provision of houses that respond to the context in which they are built. The conceptual model for the mass customization of housing used departs from the idea of a housing type, which is the combined result of three systems (Habraken, 1988) -- spatial, building system, and stylistic -- and it includes a design system, a production system, and a computer system (Duarte, 2001). In previous work, this conceptual model was tested by developing a computer system for existing design and building systems (Benr__s and Duarte, 2009). The current work advances it by developing new and original design, building, and computer systems for a particular context. The urgent need to build fast in the aftermath of catastrophes quite often overrides any cultural concerns. As a result, the shelters provided in such circumstances are indistinct and impersonal. However, taking individual and cultural aspects into account might lead to a better identification of the population with their new environment, thereby minimizing the rupture caused in their lives. As the methodology to develop new housing systems is based on the idea of architectural precedents, choosing existing vernacular housing as a precedent permits the incorporation of cultural aspects and facilitates an identification of people with the new housing. In the Haiti case study, we chose as a precedent a housetype called ‚Äúgingerbread houses‚Äù, which includes a wide range of houses from wealthy to very humble ones. Although the proposed design system was inspired by these houses, it was decided to adopt a contemporary take. The methodology to devise the new type was based on two ideas: precedents and transformations in design. In architecture, the use of precedents provides designers with typical solutions for particular problems and it constitutes a departing point for a new design. In our case, the precedent is an existing housetype. It has been shown (Duarte, 2001) that a particular housetype can be encoded by a shape grammar (Stiny, 1980) forming a design system. Studies in shape grammars have shown that the evolution of one style into another can be described as the transformation of one shape grammar into another (Knight, 1994). The used methodology departs takes off from these ideas and it comprises the following steps (Duarte, 2008): (1) Selection of precedents, (2) Derivation of an archetype; (3) Listing of rules; (4) Derivation of designs; (5) Cataloguing of solutions; (6) Derivation of tailored solution.
keywords	Mass customization, Housing, Building system, Sustainable construction, Life cycle energy consumption, Shape grammar
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	sigradi2020_643
id	sigradi2020_643
authors	Naylor, John Osmond; Leconte, Nancy; Michel Vendryes, Franck Reginald
year	2020
title	Education to practice to ecology: A review and preliminary evaluation of a new architectural design curriculum using computational design tools and bamboo in Haiti
source	SIGraDi 2020 [Proceedings of the 24th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Online Conference 18 - 20 November 2020, pp. 643-651
summary	There is an absence of lightweight, sustainable construction materials in contemporary Haitian construction, a fact highlighted in the disproportionate loss of life in the 2010 Port-au-Prince earthquake. Between 2014 and 2017 the authors delivered a series of architectural design workshops in Haiti to raise awareness and develop design skills for bamboo using computational design tools. This paper provides a review of these workshops and a preliminary evaluation from surveys conducted with the course participants. Results showed architectural education had changed perceptions of bamboo and showed potential positive ecological impact due to subsequent reforestation activities instigated by participants. Weaknesses were in the lack of subsequent use of parametric modelling software. Bamboo material knowledge and a new architectural design methodology have been most relevant to their professional or academic work.
keywords	Haiti, Full-culm bamboo, Architectural education, Sustainable development, Parametric design
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2021/07/16 11:52

_id	ecaade2010_177
id	ecaade2010_177
authors	Tuncer, Betuel; Sener, Sinan Mert
year	2010
title	Generation of a New Urban Block for the Future City: A bottom-up approach for the future city block
source	FUTURE CITIES [28th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-9-6] ETH Zurich (Switzerland) 15-18 September 2010, pp.179-185
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2010.179
wos	WOS:000340629400019
summary	Proposed research is realized as a plug-in with two alternatives, one that works with 3D Studio Max and the other that works through a link established between Excel and Catia. The purpose of the plug-in is to create a computational tool that generates unique urban block alternatives by mimicing the site’s built environment. The neccessity to create such a tool has stemmed from observations of physically un-harmonious neighbourhoods. This tool is claimed as the initial phase of a new urban tool that generates urban blocks that respond to their built environment and help establish harmonious neighborhoods.
keywords	Urban design; Urban block; Bottom-up approach; Generative; Computation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	sigradi2010_343
id	sigradi2010_343
authors	Segre, Roberto;Leitão de Souza Thiago; José Barki
year	2010
title	A reconstrução de um olhar: modelagem tridimensional das antigas rotundas dos Panoramas do Rio de Janeiro [Rebuilding a look: three - dimensional modeling of Rio de Janeiro`s Panoramas roundabouts]
source	SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 343-346
summary	This article intends to highlight and analyze the main differences between visitors’ spacial experiences of the panoramas of the old rotundas in Rio de Janeiro, offering the possibility of “re - constructing” them digitally. To do this it is necessary to draw up three - dimensional digital models to search for a full understanding of its internal and external spatial systems based on the descriptions of visitors and the interpretation of prints and original drawings of panoramas by 19th century architects.
keywords	panoramas; digital panoramas; multimedia; 3D models; city history
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:00

_id	cf2011_p109
id	cf2011_p109
authors	Abdelmohsen, Sherif; Lee Jinkook, Eastman Chuck
year	2011
title	Automated Cost Analysis of Concept Design BIM Models
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 403-418.
summary	AUTOMATED COST ANALYSIS OF CONCEPT DESIGN BIM MODELS Interoperability: BIM models and cost models This paper introduces the automated cost analysis developed for the General Services Administration (GSA) and the analysis results of a case study involving a concept design courthouse BIM model. The purpose of this study is to investigate interoperability issues related to integrating design and analysis tools; specifically BIM models and cost models. Previous efforts to generate cost estimates from BIM models have focused on developing two necessary but disjoint processes: 1) extracting accurate quantity take off data from BIM models, and 2) manipulating cost analysis results to provide informative feedback. Some recent efforts involve developing detailed definitions, enhanced IFC-based formats and in-house standards for assemblies that encompass building models (e.g. US Corps of Engineers). Some commercial applications enhance the level of detail associated to BIM objects with assembly descriptions to produce lightweight BIM models that can be used by different applications for various purposes (e.g. Autodesk for design review, Navisworks for scheduling, Innovaya for visual estimating, etc.). This study suggests the integration of design and analysis tools by means of managing all building data in one shared repository accessible to multiple domains in the AEC industry (Eastman, 1999; Eastman et al., 2008; authors, 2010). Our approach aims at providing an integrated platform that incorporates a quantity take off extraction method from IFC models, a cost analysis model, and a comprehensive cost reporting scheme, using the Solibri Model Checker (SMC) development environment. Approach As part of the effort to improve the performance of federal buildings, GSA evaluates concept design alternatives based on their compliance with specific requirements, including cost analysis. Two basic challenges emerge in the process of automating cost analysis for BIM models: 1) At this early concept design stage, only minimal information is available to produce a reliable analysis, such as space names and areas, and building gross area, 2) design alternatives share a lot of programmatic requirements such as location, functional spaces and other data. It is thus crucial to integrate other factors that contribute to substantial cost differences such as perimeter, and exterior wall and roof areas. These are extracted from BIM models using IFC data and input through XML into the Parametric Cost Engineering System (PACES, 2010) software to generate cost analysis reports. PACES uses this limited dataset at a conceptual stage and RSMeans (2010) data to infer cost assemblies at different levels of detail. Functionalities Cost model import module The cost model import module has three main functionalities: generating the input dataset necessary for the cost model, performing a semantic mapping between building type specific names and name aggregation structures in PACES known as functional space areas (FSAs), and managing cost data external to the BIM model, such as location and construction duration. The module computes building data such as footprint, gross area, perimeter, external wall and roof area and building space areas. This data is generated through SMC in the form of an XML file and imported into PACES. Reporting module The reporting module uses the cost report generated by PACES to develop a comprehensive report in the form of an excel spreadsheet. This report consists of a systems-elemental estimate that shows the main systems of the building in terms of UniFormat categories, escalation, markups, overhead and conditions, a UniFormat Level III report, and a cost breakdown that provides a summary of material, equipment, labor and total costs. Building parameters are integrated in the report to provide insight on the variations among design alternatives.
keywords	building information modeling, interoperability, cost analysis, IFC
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ascaad2010_241
id	ascaad2010_241
authors	Aboreeda, Faten; Dina Taha
year	2010
title	Using Case-Based Reasoning to Aid Sustainable Design
source	CAAD - Cities - Sustainability [5th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2010 / ISBN 978-1-907349-02-7], Fez (Morocco), 19-21 October 2010, pp. 241-246
summary	Since so far there exists only one planet, sustainable design is considered the (ethical) future in all fields of design. Although both architecture and construction are being considered major emitters of green house gases, a wise design not only can lead to minimizing this impact but it can also lead to restoring and regenerating the environment to a sustainable state. This paper presents an on-going research that aims at simplifying the elements and facilitating the process of sustainable design by using case-based reasoning. This is achieved through learning from past experiences; both good and bad ones, by providing a database application with a process-friendly interface which divides the main pillars of sustainable design into categories. Each building contains different stories related to different sustainable related issues. Each story can be repeated in /linked to many buildings. By providing designers with those past experiences, it is believed that deeper-studied designs can be more easily developed. Also a deeper analysis and understanding can be further implemented and produced with less effort for experienced and non-experienced architects in sustainable design. This would also decrease the consumption of time during the design process and encourage even more designers to integrate the sustainability concept into more designs. This research discusses the influence of sustainable design within the architectural domain, and suggests a computer application that aids architects during the preliminary design processes.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2011/03/01 07:36

_id	ijac20108403
id	ijac20108403
authors	Aksamija, Ajla; Ivanka Iordanova
year	2010
title	Computational Environments with Multimodal Representations of Architectural Design Knowledge
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 8 - no. 4, p. 439
summary	This article discusses interaction between multimodal representations of architectural design knowledge, particularly focusing on relating explicit and implicit types of information. The aim of the presented research is to develop a computational environment that combines several modes of representation, including and integrating different forms of architectural design knowledge. Development of an interactive digital-models library and ontological model of architectural design factors are discussed, which are complementary in nature. In a time when BIM software is seen as embodiment of domain knowledge and the future medium of architectural design, this paper presents an interaction between ontological representation of architectural design knowledge and its embodiment in interactive models, thus focusing on the process of design and design space exploration. In the digital environments that we propose, representation of different formats of knowledge, such as visual, linguistic or numeric, are integrated with relational and procedural information, design rules, and characteristics. Interactive search and query based on contextual constraints, and parametric variation of the model based on the information received from ontology are the underlying drivers for design exploration and development.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	caadria2011_052
id	caadria2011_052
authors	Al-Kazzaz, Dhuha A. and Alan Bridges
year	2011
title	Assessing innovation in hybrid designs using shape grammars
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 545-554
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.545
summary	Al-kazzaz et al (2010) described hybrid adaption technique to generate innovative designs from heterogeneous precedents using shape grammars. An evaluation of the degree of innovation in the hybrid designs gave feedback to grammar users before and after applying a rule. Innovation was assessed using variables derived from the internal structure of the grammar such as: the number of antecedents in the corpus having the same rule; the number of rules in a subclass rule set having the same geometry; etc. However, the validity of the innovation assessment was unclear and the use of the feedback measures was not demonstrated. Accordingly, this study aims to verify the credibility of the innovation measures and to identify the independent variables that a user can control to achieve a significant impact on each innovation measure as a dependent variable.
keywords	Shape grammars; hybrid design; innovation assessment
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2010_022
id	ecaade2010_022
authors	Al-kazzaz, Dhuha; Bridges, Alan; Chase, Scott
year	2010
title	Shape Grammars for Innovative Hybrid Typological Design
source	FUTURE CITIES [28th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-9-6] ETH Zurich (Switzerland) 15-18 September 2010, pp.187-195
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2010.187
wos	WOS:000340629400020
summary	This paper describes a new methodology of deriving innovative hybrid designs using shape grammars of heterogeneous designs. The method is detailed within three phases of shape grammars: analysis, synthesis and evaluation. In the analysis phase, the research suggests that original rules of each design component are grouped in subclass rule sets to facilitate rule choices. Additionally, adding new hybrid rules to original rules expands the options available to the grammar user. In the synthesis phase, the research adopts state labels and markers to drive the design generation. The former is implemented with a user guide grammar to ensure hybridity in the generated design, while the latter aims to ensure feasible designs. Lastly evaluation criteria are added to measure the degree of innovation of the hybrid designs. This paper describes the derivation of hybrid minaret designs from a corpus of heterogeneous traditional minaret designs.
keywords	Shape grammar; Parallel grammar; Hybrid design; Typology
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2010_039
id	ascaad2010_039
authors	Almusharaf, Ayman M.; Mahjoub Elnimeiri
year	2010
title	A Performance-Based Design Approach for Early Tall Building Form Development
source	CAAD - Cities - Sustainability [5th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2010 / ISBN 978-1-907349-02-7], Fez (Morocco), 19-21 October 2010, pp. 39-50
summary	This paper presents a methodological interactive design approach within which structure is integrated into tall building form development. The approach establishes a synergy between generative and analytical tools to allow for parallel interaction of the formal and structural design considerations during the conceptual design phase. An integration of the associative modeling system, Grasshopper, and the structural analysis tool, ETABS was established, and a bi-directional feedback link between the two tools was initiated to guide the iterative from generation process. A design scenario is presented in this paper to demonstrate how the parametric generation and alteration of architectural form can be carried out based on instant feedback on the structural performance. Utilizing such a tool, architects can not only develop improved understanding of structural needs, but also realize their formal ideas structurally and materially.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2011/03/01 07:36

_id	acadia10_125
id	acadia10_125
authors	Andersen, Paul; Salomon, David
year	2010
title	The Pattern That Connects
source	ACADIA 10: LIFE in:formation, On Responsive Information and Variations in Architecture [Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-4507-3471-4] New York 21-24 October, 2010), pp. 125-132
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2010.125
summary	While patterns have a spotty history in architecture, their definitions and uses in other fields offer new possibilities for design. This paper examines those definitions and uses—including theories put forward by architectural theorist, Christopher Alexander; art educator, Gyorgy Kepes; chemist, Ilya Prigogine; and anthropologist, Gregory Bateson. Of particular interest is the shift from eternal, essential, universal, and fundamental patterns to fleeting, superficial, specific, and incidental versions. While endemic to many contemporary architectural practices, this multifaceted view of patterns was anticipated by Bateson, who saw them as agents of evolution and learning. His desire to combine redundancy and noise offers architects new ways to understand patterns and use them to link form and information, matter and thought.
keywords	pattern, Bateson, evolution, noise, redundancy, feedback
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2010_114
id	ecaade2010_114
authors	Apollonio, Fabrizio I.; Gaiani, Marco; Corsi, Cristiana
year	2010
title	A Semantic and Parametric Method for 3D Models used in 3D Cognitive-Information System
source	FUTURE CITIES [28th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-9-6] ETH Zurich (Switzerland) 15-18 September 2010, pp.863-872
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2010.863
wos	WOS:000340629400092
summary	The paper presents an innovative semantic and parametric method to build 3D models to be used in cognitive-information systems. We integrated structured geometrical and documentary information resulting from multiple sources with the aim to enhance the knowledge of those sites within the frame of their historical evolution and their institutional management in a 3D GIS/DB. The developed applications were designed for different types of users, with a largely scalable interface, able to support different output devices and to work at different levels of iconicity. The system allows a full comprehension of the buildings in their own context, permitting to discover unknown relationships, to evaluate their architectural occupancy and to quickly access a complex system of information.
keywords	3D-GIS; Semantic modeling; 3D reality-based modeling; Real-time rendering; Virtual heritage
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2010_320
id	sigradi2010_320
authors	Ariel, Moreira Alejandro
year	2010
title	Modelos digitales de representación de lo real como estrategia de management alternativo en la práctica profesional arquitectónica [Digital models of representation of reality as an alternative management strategy in architectural practice]
source	SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 320-323
summary	An architectural project is designed in weeks or months—sometimes in places far from the construction site—and is built in years. The challenge of design is more than creating a three - dimensional digital (3D) model that includes all available information; visualization and communication throughout the entire process is crucial due to the global nature of contemporary architectural practice. This study asks: What tool would satisfy this need for communication? The objective of this paper is to explore these issues and propose an answer to this query based on flexible management to solve them.
keywords	technological integration, BIM, IPD, knowledge management, digital model of reality
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ecaade2010_229
id	ecaade2010_229
authors	Aschwanden, Gideon D. P. A.; Wullschleger, Tobias; Müller, Hanspeter; Schmitt, Gerhard
year	2010
title	Agent based Emission Evaluation of Traffic in Dynamic City Models
source	FUTURE CITIES [28th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-0-9541183-9-6] ETH Zurich (Switzerland) 15-18 September 2010, pp.717-726
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2010.717
wos	WOS:000340629400077
summary	We present a simulation platform to evaluate procedurally generated 3d city models with a set of agents representing urban street actors and pedestrians towards greenhouse gas emissions from transportation. Our aim is to give architects and urban planners an empiric tool to analyze, predict and quantify traffic fluctuations over time, and define the number of occupants, individual traffic and public transport in a city. In this project we show that the allocation of functions within a city is an important factor for the appearanceof traffic. The occupant’s decisions where they want to go are defined by the allocation of functions – and the distance defines the mode of transportation. We simulate the decision processes and gain information about the path, the mode of transportation, and the emissions they produce, and individual experiences like stress and effort. The autonomous driving cars are equipped with an acceleration based emission model allowing us to evaluate the inpact of jammed streets on the emission of cars.
keywords	Urban planning; Multi-agent system; Generative city model; Occupant movement; Traffic emission
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia10_313
id	acadia10_313
authors	Banda, Pablo
year	2010
title	Parametric Propagation of Acoustical Absorbers
source	ACADIA 10: LIFE in:formation, On Responsive Information and Variations in Architecture [Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-4507-3471-4] New York 21-24 October, 2010), pp. 313-319
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2010.313
summary	The following paper deals with a performance-driven morphogenetic design task to improve the conditions of room acoustics, using as a case study the material laboratory of the School of Architecture at Federico Santa Maria University of Technology. Combining contemporary Parametric Modeling techniques and a Performance- Based approach, an automatic generative system was produced. This system generated a modular acoustic ceiling based on Helmholtz Resonators. To satisfy sound absorption requirements, acoustic knowledge was embedded within the system. It iterates through a series of design sub-tasks from Acoustic Simulation to Digital Fabrication, searching for a suitable design solution. The internal algorithmic complexity of the design process has been explored through this case study. Although it is focused on an acoustic component, the proposed design methodology can influence other experiences in Parametric Design.
keywords	Parametric Modeling, Sound Absorption & Acoustic Knowledge, Performance-Based Design, Design Task, Scripting, Digital Fabrication, Custom Tools, Honeycomb.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2010_298
id	sigradi2010_298
authors	Barcellos, Góes Mariza; David Maria Manuela
year	2010
title	Visualization: The Contribution of a Mathematical Mediating Artefact for Creative Processes and Design Activities
source	SIGraDi 2010_Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics, pp. Bogotá, Colombia, November 17-19, 2010, pp. 298-300
summary	Considering mathematical knowledge as an artefact that mediates social activities in the world, this paper emphasizes the contribution of visual thinking to mathematics education and extends it to the learning of design activities, especially in architectural contexts. Results from a previous research paper on architectural design, which focused on the work of some contemporary architects in their day - to - day office activities, showed the relevance of drawing in architectural practice. These results aroused our interest in researching the mediating role of drawing and its structuring effects on creative processes and design activities in architecture.
keywords	visualization, mathematics education, architectural design education, activity theory
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	acadia10_263
id	acadia10_263
authors	Beaman, Michael Leighton; Bader, Stefan
year	2010
title	Responsive Shading \| Intelligent Façade Systems
source	ACADIA 10: LIFE in:formation, On Responsive Information and Variations in Architecture [Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-4507-3471-4] New York 21-24 October, 2010), pp. 263-270
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2010.263
summary	As issues of sustainability gain traction for architects, methodologies for designing, analyzing, and calibrating design solutions have emerged as essential areas of research and development. A number of approaches have been pursued with regard to embedding data into the design process, most fall into one of two approaches to research. The first approach is to mediate environmental impact at the level of applied technology; the second alters building methods and material construction, generating efficient energy use. However, few approaches deal with the crafting of relationships between information and performance on an architectural level. We will examine an approach focused on understanding how crafting relationships between information and design can move architecture towards achieving sustainability. In developing this approach, we created a data-driven design methodology spanning from design inception to construction. Data-driven models, common in the fields of natural science, offer a method to generate and test a multiplicity of responsive solutions. By contextualizing the solutions generated, we were able design though a set of specific and controlled responses rather than as a singular solution. Information utilization requires a new kind of craft that moves beyond instances into relationships and offers performance sensitive issues in design a focused trajectory. We applied this method to the research and development of a responsive shading structure built in conjunction with a thermal testing lab for two test locations – Austin, Texas (Figure. 1 and 2) and Munich, Germany. The following paper chronicles the design and construction at the Texas site over an academic semester.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2010_000
id	ascaad2010_000
authors	Bennadji, Amar; Bhzad F. Sidawi & Rabee M. Reffat (eds.)
year	2010
title	CAAD - Cities - Sustainability
source	5th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2010)[ISBN 978-1-907349-02-7], Fez (Morocco), 19-21 October 2010, 361 p.
summary	The concepts and applications of Computer Aided Architectural Design (CAAD) have a predominant presence and impacts on our today’s buildings and cities. The 5th international ASCAAD conference invited academics, researchers and professionals interested in CAAD concepts applications on the built environment to join and contribute to the debate on learned lessons from the past and present impacts of CAAD on buildings and cities around the world along with the potential future from a CAAD perspective.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2011/03/01 07:36

_id	acadia10_333
id	acadia10_333
authors	Blough, Lawrence
year	2010
title	Digital Tracery: Fabricating Traits
source	ACADIA 10: LIFE in:formation, On Responsive Information and Variations in Architecture [Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-4507-3471-4] New York 21-24 October, 2010), pp. 333-339
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2010.333
summary	Recently, prototyping enabled by CNC technology has found its way into design practice where concepts can be quickly and economically tested through multiple design iterations that closely approximate the realities of oneto- one construction. This has lead to the promise of renewed research in tectonics and constructional techniques where the traditional concepts of craft and the joint, that were once married to the hand, can be rediscovered through the agency of mass customization. If we apply the lineage of the trait—a representational and cognitive tool to marry complex form with the exigencies of construction—pedagogical approaches can be developed that extend the current interest in intricate surface, structural morphology and geometry towards a robust materiality rooted in componentry, the joint, and part-to-whole relationships. This paper will introduce several threads from the twentieth century that have informed these tendencies in contemporary design practice, emerging from the well spring of Viollet-le-Duc. The thesis is supported by undergraduate model-based research employing digital design and fabrication techniques.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	cf2011_p157
id	cf2011_p157
authors	Boton, Conrad; Kubicki Sylvain, Halin Gilles
year	2011
title	Understanding Pre-Construction Simulation Activities to Adapt Visualization in 4D CAD Collaborative Tools
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 477-492.
summary	Increasing productivity and efficiency is an important issue in the AEC field. This area is mainly characterized by fragmentation, heterogeneous teams with low lifetimes and many uncertainties. 4D CAD is one of the greatest innovations in recent years. It consists in linking a 3D model of the building with the works planning in order to simulate the construction evolution over time. 4D CAD can fill several needs from design to project management through constructivity analysis and tasks planning (Tommelein 2003). The literature shows that several applications have been proposed to improve the 4D CAD use (Chau et al. 2004; Lu et al. 2007; Seok & al. 2009). In addition, studies have shown the real impact of 4D CAD use in construction projects (Staub-French & Khanzode 2007; Dawood & Sika 2007). More recently, Mahalingam et al. (2010) showed that the collaborative use of 4D CAD is particularly useful during the pre-construction phase for comparing the constructability of working methods, for visually identifying conflicts and clashes (overlaps), and as visual tool for practitioners to discuss and to plan project progress. So the advantage of the 4D CAD collaborative use is demonstrated. Moreover, several studies have been conducted both in the scientific community and in the industrial world to improve it (Zhou et al. 2009; Kang et al. 2007). But an important need that remains in collaborative 4D CAD use in construction projects is about the adaptation of visualization to the users business needs. Indeed, construction projects have very specific characteristics (fragmentation, variable team, different roles from one project to another). Moreover, in the AEC field several visualization techniques can represent the same concept and actors choose one or another of these techniques according to their specific needs related to the task they have to perform. For example, the tasks planning may be represented by a Gantt chart or by a PERT network and the building elements can be depicted with a 3D model or a 2D plan. The classical view (3D + Gantt) proposed to all practitioners in the available 4D tools seems therefore not suiting the needs of all. So, our research is based on the hypothesis that adapting the visualization to individual business needs could significantly improve the collaboration. This work relies on previous ones and aim to develop a method 1) to choose the best suited views for performed tasks and 2) to compose adapted multiple views for each actor, that we call ‚Äúbusiness views‚Äù. We propose a 4 steps-method to compose business views. The first step identifies the users‚Äô business needs, defining the individual practices performed by each actor, identifying his business tasks and his information needs. The second step identifies the visualization needs related to the identified business needs. For this purpose, the user‚Äôs interactions and visualization tasks are described. This enables choosing the most appropriate visualization techniques for each need (step 3). At this step, it is important to describe the visualization techniques and to be able to compare them. Therefore, we proposed a business view metamodel. The final step (step 4) selects the adapted views, defines the coordination mechanisms and the interaction principles in order to compose coordinated visualizations. A final step consists in a validation work to ensure that the composed views really match to the described business needs. This paper presents the latest version of the method and especially presents our latest works about its first and second steps. These include making more generic the business tasks description in order to be applicable within most of construction projects and enabling to make correspondence with visualization tasks.
keywords	Pre-construction, Simulation, 4D CAD, Collaboration, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Human-Computer Interface, Information visualization, Business view, Model driven engineering
series	CAAD Futures
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last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

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