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supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures
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_id ecaade2011_104
id ecaade2011_104
authors Jorge Gil, Júlio Almeida, José Pinto Duarte
year 2011
title The backbone of a City Information Model (CIM): Implementing a spatial data model for urban design
source RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.143-151
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.143
wos WOS:000335665500016
summary We have been witnessing an increased interest in a more holistic approach to urban design practice and education. In this paper we present a spatial data model for urban design that proposes the combination of urban environment feature classes with design process feature classes. This data model is implemented in a spatial database that becomes the backbone of a City Information Model (CIM), integrating urban neighbourhood formulation, design, and evaluation methods into a comprehensive urban design support system. We demonstrate its application to urban design analysis and evaluation through the development of a tool for AutoCAD Map 3D that is integrated with the PostGIS spatial database.
keywords Urban design; data model; GIS; design support tools; urban design evaluation
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/05/01 23:21
_id ecaade2011_108
id ecaade2011_108
authors Celani, Gabriela; Beirão, José N.; Duarte, José P.: Vaz, Carlos
year 2011
title Optimizing the “characteristic structure”: Combining shape grammars and genetic algorithms to generate urban patterns
source RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.491-500
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.491
wos WOS:000335665500057
summary The present paper is part of an undergoing research that aims at developing software that can generate urban plans, based on contemporary urban design concepts, in an optimized way. As a design method, the project proposes the use of the trilogy formulation/ generation/evaluation, which starts with an outline of the design requirements, proceeds with the definition of generative procedures that can result in these requirements, and follows with the evaluation of the generated designs. The paper describes the development of a computer program that implements some of Marshall’s evaluation methods, and further elaborates them to define generative criteria and to optimize the resulting designs with GA techniques. The program aims at generating what Marshall calls a “characteristic structure”, a type of urban fabric that is usually found in vernacular urban fabrics.
keywords Generative design; urban design; genetic algorithms; shape grammars
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/05/01 23:21
_id ecaade2011_070
id ecaade2011_070
authors Montenegro, Nuno; Beirão, José N.; Duarte, José P.
year 2011
title Public Space Patterns: Towards a CIM standard for urban public space
source RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.79-86
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.079
wos WOS:000335665500008
summary This paper describes public space patterns (PSP) used as basic elements of the City Information Modelling (CIM) model proposed within a larger research project that aims to develop an urban design support tool.
keywords Urban Patterns; CIM; Description Grammars; Ontologies
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/05/01 23:21
_id ecaade2011_053
id ecaade2011_053
authors Barros, Mário; Duarte, José P.; Chaparro, Bruno
year 2011
title Digital Thonet: An automated system for the generation and analysis of custom-made chairs
source RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.521-529
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.521
wos WOS:000335665500060
summary A system is presented to support the designer in creating custom versions of chairs within a predefined design language using Thonet chairs as a case study. The system consists of parametric models based on shape grammars linked to structural analysis to provide an integrated generative process for mass customization in the furniture industry.
keywords Thonet; furniture design; finite element method; parametric design; mass customization
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/05/01 23:21
_id caadria2011_061
id caadria2011_061
authors Celani, Gabriela; José P. Duarte and Carlos V. Vaz
year 2011
title The gardens revisited: The link between technology, meaning and logic?
source Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 643-652
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.643
summary The objective of this paper is to compare the computational concepts present in three books published by Mitchell between 1987 and 1990: The art of computer-graphics programming (1987), which has Robin Liggett and Thomas Kvan as co-authors, The logic of architecture (1990), probably his most influential work, and The poetics of gardens (1988), which has Charles Moore and William Turnbull as coauthors. By looking at the concepts that are presented in the three books and establishing a comparison between them, we expect to show that The poetics of Gardens should not be seen as a detour from Mitchell´s line of research, but rather as a key piece for understanding the relationship between technology, meaning and logic in his very coherent body of work.
keywords Computational design concepts; technology; meaning; logic
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55
_id ecaade2011_083
id ecaade2011_083
authors Coutinho, Filipe; Costa, Eduardo Castro e; Duarte, José P.; Kruger, Mário
year 2011
title A computational interpretation of ”De re aedificatoria”: Translating Alberti’s column system into a shape grammar
source RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.788-798
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.788
wos WOS:000335665500091
summary Alberti’s ”De re aedificatoria” is considered one of the most influential treatises of architecture. Historic approaches aimed at tracing such an influence on European architecture have relied mainly on documental sources. The extent of such an influence, however, remains elusive. The research described in this paper is part of a larger project aimed at using the computational framework provided by shape grammars to determine the extension of such an influence on the architecture of the Portuguese empire in the counter-reform period. The idea is to translate the treatise into a shape grammar and then determine the transformations required for the grammar to account for the generation of the buildings designed and built in this geographic region. The paper presents a grammar for the Albertian column system, focusing on the Doric order. Subsequent work will be concerned with identifying the transformations of this grammar in the Portuguese context.
keywords Alberti; generative design; shape grammars; transformations in design, design automation
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/05/01 23:21
_id ecaade2011_049
id ecaade2011_049
authors Marques, Luis Quelhas; Duarte, José P.; Jorge, Joaquim
year 2011
title When form really follows function: Developing the prototype of a responsive exhibition pavilion
source RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.619-627
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.619
wos WOS:000335665500072
summary The paper describes research developed with the aim of enquiring into the concepts of adaptability, transformation, and interactivity between the built space, its users and the surrounding environment to find appropriate responses to variations in spatial and functional needs, prompted by different uses and activities. After a look into the roots of kinetic architecture and a brief survey of the state of art, it presents the prototype of a responsive kinetic structure for a multi-purpose pavilion, concluding that by the integration of existing and emergent technologies, we now have the basic means to design and implement such structures.
keywords Architecture; kinetic; responsive; adaptability; interactivity
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/05/01 23:21
_id caadria2011_037
id caadria2011_037
authors Vaz, Carlos V.; Gabriela Celani and José P. Duarte
year 2011
title An ontology representing Roberto Burle Marx’s landscape design solutions
source Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 389-398
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.389
summary The objective of this undergoing research project is to propose a new approach to landscape design education, based on design cognition and computational design theories, such as patterns, shape grammars and parametric design. The system is based on an ontology that contains classes of design concepts and examples of their instances. This paper shows specifically the development of the ontology that will structure the whole system. The information necessary to understand each of the design concepts is represented by a schematic shape grammar rule. Each concept will be illustrated by a good example of application, extracted from the work of Brazilian landscape designer Roberto Burle Marx. A prototypical implementation of the system is being developed, with a hierarchical taxonomy of the concepts and examples.
keywords Ontology; landscape design education; Roberto Burle Marx; landscape architecture; pattern language
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58
_id cf2011_p018
id cf2011_p018
authors Sokmenoglu, Ahu; Cagdas Gulen, Sariyildiz Sevil
year 2011
title A Multi-dimensional Exploration of Urban Attributes by Data Mining
source Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 333-350.
summary The paper which is proposed here will introduce an ongoing research project aiming to research data mining as a methodology of knowledge discovery in urban feature analysis. To address the increasing multi-dimensional and relational complexity of urban environments requires a multidisciplinary approach to urban analysis. This research is an attempt to establish a link between knowledge discovery methodologies and automated urban feature analysis. Therefore, in the scope of this research we apply data mining methodologies for urban analysis. Data mining is defined as to extract important patterns and trends from raw data (Witten and Frank, 2005). When applied to discover relationships between urban attributes, data mining can constitute a methodology for the analysis of multi-dimensional relational complexity of urban environments (Gil, Montenegro, Beirao and Duarte, 2009) The theoretical motivation of the research is derived by the lack of explanatory urban knowledge which is an issue since 1970’s in the area of urban research. This situation is mostly associated with deductive methods of analysis. The analysis of urban system from the perspective of few interrelated factors, without considering the multi-dimensionality of the system in a deductive fashion was not been explanatory enough. (Jacobs, 1961, Lefebvre, 1970 Harvey, 1973) To address the multi-dimensional and relational complexity of urban environments requires the consideration of diverse spatial, social, economic, cultural, morphological, environmental, political etc. features of urban entities. The main claim is that, in urban analysis, there is a need to advance from traditional one dimensional (Marshall, 2004) description and classification of urban forms (e.g. Land-use maps, Density maps) to the consideration of the simultaneous multi-dimensionality of urban systems. For this purpose, this research proposes a methodology consisting of the application of data mining as a knowledge discovery method into a GIS based conceptual urban database built out of official real data of Beyoglu. Generally, the proposed methodology is a framework for representing and analyzing urban entities represented as objects with properties (attributes). It concerns the formulation of an urban entity’s database based on both available and non-available (constructed from available data) data, and then data mining of spatial and non-spatial attributes of the urban entities. Location or position is the primary reference basis for the data that is describing urban entities. Urban entities are; building floors, buildings, building blocks, streets, geographically defined districts and neighborhoods etc. Urban attributes are district properties of locations (such as land-use, land value, slope, view and so forth) that change from one location to another. Every basic urban entity is unique in terms of its attributes. All the available qualitative and quantitative attributes that is relavant (in the mind of the analyst) and appropriate for encoding, can be coded inside the computer representation of the basic urban entity. Our methodology is applied by using the real and official, the most complex, complete and up-to-dataset of Beyoglu (a historical neighborhood of Istanbul) that is provided by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IBB). Basically, in our research, data mining in the context of urban data is introduced as a computer based, data-driven, context-specific approach for supporting analysis of urban systems without relying on any existing theories. Data mining in the context of urban data; • Can help in the design process by providing site-specific insight through deeper understanding of urban data. • Can produce results that can assist architects and urban planners at design, policy and strategy levels. • Can constitute a robust scientific base for rule definition in urban simulation applications such as urban growth prediction systems, land-use simulation models etc. In the paper, firstly we will present the framework of our research with an emphasis on its theoretical background. Afterwards we will introduce our methodology in detail and finally we will present some of important results of data mining analysis processed in Rapid Miner open-source software. Specifically, our research define a general framework for knowledge discovery in urban feature analysis and enable the usage of GIS and data mining as complementary applications in urban feature analysis. Acknowledgments I would like to thank to Nuffic, the Netherlands Organization for International Cooperation in Higher Education, for funding of this research. I would like to thank Ceyhun Burak Akgul for his support in Data Mining and to H. Serdar Kaya for his support in GIS.
keywords urban feature analysis, data mining, urban database, urban complexity, GIS
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2012/02/11 19:21

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