Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	ecaade2011_136
id	ecaade2011_136
authors	Bohnenberger, Sascha; de Rycke, Klaas; Weilandt, Agnes
year	2011
title	Lattice Spaces: Form optimisation throgh customization of non developable 3d wood surfaces
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.751-758
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.751
wos	WOS:000335665500087
summary	This paper discusses a collaborative project by RDAI architects, Bollinger+Grohmann and the timber construction company Holzbau Amann. The project is located in a former swimming pool in Paris and it is part of the new interior of a flagship store of the French fashion label Hermes. In late 2009, Rena Duma Architects, asked Bollinger+Grohmann to collaborate as structural engineers on a challenging design proposal within a very short timeframe. Three wooden lattice structures, the so-called “bulle” and one monumental staircase with a similar design approach characterize the interior of the new flagship store. The lattice structures are dividing the basement into different retail spaces. They vary in height (8-9 m) and diameter (8-12 m) and have a free-form shaped wicker basket appearance. Wood was the chosen material for these structures to strengthen the idea of the wickerbaskets and to create an interior space with a sustainable and innovative material.
keywords	Digital production; parametric design; mass customization; wood; digital crafting
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia11_300
id	acadia11_300
authors	Ruffo Calderon, Emmanuel; Schimek, Heimo; Wiltsche, Albert
year	2011
title	Seeking Performative Beauty
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 300-307
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.300
summary	With digital design and fabrication becoming ever more common in architectural design, the computational geometry topic of discretizing freeform surfaces into flat panels has become a common challenge. At the present, most approaches to the issue of preserving a 2D-tessellation on a freeform surface are focused on optimizing the shape of the structure by approximating geometric “equally-sized” flat patterns. In doing so, these strategies treat the approximation of the desired shape as the primary goal, leaving aside the aesthetical aspect of the paneling, which can be seen as having an ornamental quality. In contrast to these common strategies, the project presented in this paper pursues a more holistic approach that tries to integrate aesthetical as well as structural issues by using more complex as well as more performative patterns for the discretization. In the present paper, we present algorithmic strategies that were designed to integrate from the aesthetics of an exposed timber structure, through analysis of structural loading feedbacks to a detailed level of the physical joint system, as part of the fundamental early design decisions. The consequence of the overall negotiations relies fully on their physical integration through computational design. The present paper discusses both the algorithmic techniques and the joint systems through a series of case studies. At the end of the paper we provide an overview to upcoming tasks including the production of a major structure.
keywords	digital architecture; mathematics in architecture; higher-dimensional objects in architecture; design computation and mathematics
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia11_390
id	acadia11_390
authors	Takenaka, Tsukasa; Okabe, Aya
year	2011
title	Networked Coding Method for Digital Timber Fabrication
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 390-395
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.390
summary	This paper proposes a new interactive design method, called the networked coding method (NC method), which can manage computational design, multi-objective optimization and digital timber fabrication in an interactive design process. First, this paper discusses several drawbacks of the conventional method for architectural design. Second, the paper describes the facilities and equipment of the fabrication laboratory where the NC method was developed. Third, the paper outlines the components of the NC method together with the design process of architectural elements, called integrated fabric 2011. Finally, the paper summarizes several advantages of the method, including the production of an architectural element called the integrated-fabric that integrates various functions into one single element. The method is shown to handle any datasets, including structural and environmental analysis, which were otherwise difficult to integrate into conventional design processes.
series	ACADIA
type	work in progress
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2011_099
id	ecaade2011_099
authors	Ahlquist, Sean; Menges, Achim
year	2011
title	Methodological Approach for the Integration of Material Information and Performance in the Design Computation for Tension-Active Architectural Systems
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.799-808
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.799
wos	WOS:000335665500092
summary	As computational design processes have moved from representation to simulation, the focus has shifted towards advanced integration of performance as a form defining measure. Performance, though, is often assessed purely on the level of geometry and stratified between hierarchically independent layers. When looking at tension-active membrane systems, performance is integrated across multiple levels and with only the membrane material itself, defining the structural, spatial and atmospheric qualities. The research described in this paper investigates the integrative nature of this type of lightweight structure and proposes methodologies for generating highly articulated and differentiated systems. As material is a critical component, the research focuses on a system-based approach which places priority on the inclusion of material research and parameterization into a behavior-based computational process.
keywords	Material behavior; material computation; system; gestalt; tension-active system
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia11_82
id	acadia11_82
authors	Ahlquist, Sean; Menges, Achim
year	2011
title	Behavior-based Computational Design Methodologies: Integrative processes for force defined material structures
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 82-89
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.082
summary	With the introduction of physics-based algorithms and modeling environments, design processes have been shifting from the representation of materiality to the simulation of approximate material descriptions. Such computational processes are based upon enacting physical and material behavior, such as gravity, drag, tension, bending, and inflation, within a generative modeling environment. What is often lacking from this strategy is an overall understanding of computational design; that information of increasing value and precision is generated through the development and iterative execution of specific principles and integrative mechanisms. The value of a physics-based modeling method as an information engine is often overlooked, though, as they are primarily utilized for developing representational diagrams or static geometry – inevitably translated to function outside of the physical bounds and parameters defined with the modeling process. The definition of computational design provides a link between process and a larger approach towards architecture – an integrative behavior-based process which develops dynamic specific architectural systems interrelated in their material, spatial, and environmental nature. This paper, focusing on material integration, describes the relation of a computational design approach and the technical framework for a behavior-based integrative process. The application is in the development of complex tension-active architectural systems. The material behavior of tensile meshes and surfaces is integrated and algorithmically calibrated to allow for complex geometries to be materialized as physical systems. Ultimately, this research proposes a computational structure by which material and other sorts of spatial or structural behaviors can be activated within a generative design environment.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia12_47
id	acadia12_47
authors	Aish, Robert ; Fisher, Al ; Joyce, Sam ; Marsh, Andrew
year	2012
title	Progress Towards Multi-Criteria Design Optimisation Using Designscript With Smart Form, Robot Structural Analysis and Ecotect Building Performance Analysis"
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 47-56
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.047
summary	Important progress towards the development of a system that enables multi-criteria design optimisation has recently been demonstrated during a research collaboration between Autodesk’s DesignScript development team, the University of Bath and the engineering consultancy Buro Happold. This involved integrating aspects of the Robot Structural Analysis application, aspects of the Ecotect building performance application and a specialist form finding solver called SMART Form (developed by Buro Happold) with DesignScript to create a single computation environment. This environment is intended for the generation and evaluation of building designs against both structural and building performance criteria, with the aim of expediently supporting computational optimisation and decision making processes that integrate across multiple design and engineering disciplines. A framework was developed to enable the integration of modeling environments with analysis and process control, based on the authors’ case studies and experience of applied performance driven design in practice. This more generalised approach (implemented in DesignScript) enables different designers and engineers to selectively configure geometry definition, form finding, analysis and simulation tools in an open-ended system without enforcing any predefined workflows or anticipating specific design strategies and allows for a full range of optimisation and decision making processes to be explored. This system has been demonstrated to practitioners during the Design Modeling Symposium, Berlin in 2011 and feedback from this has suggested further development.
keywords	Design Optimisation , Scripting , Form Finding , Structural Analysis , Building Performance
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2011_264
id	sigradi2011_264
authors	Araneda, Claudio
year	2011
title	Hacia un Estudio del Protofenómeno Urbano: Rudimentos Analíticos para una Aproximación Fenoménica al Estudio de la Percepción de Seres Humanos en el Espacio Urbano [Towards a Study of the Urban Protophenomenon: Analytical Rudiments for a Phenomenological Approximation to the Study of the Perception of Human Beings in Urban Space]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 534-537
summary	This work outlines the theoretical and methodological framework for the development of analytical rudiments contributing to the registry, cartography and quantification of the urban phenomenon understood not as urban space perception but rather, as human beings perception within urban space. It argues that this approach to urban studies is part of a scarcely explored lineage within the field of urban analysis. One that, much in the same way as the widely used topological/ structural approach, reveals key quantifiable information, mainly, in terms of real or effective density and therefore, of high value for the design of micro and meso urban scales.
keywords	Urban phenomenon; urban protophenomenon; phenomenology, urban analysis, space syntax
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	cf2011_p170
id	cf2011_p170
authors	Barros, Mário; Duarte José, Chaparro Bruno
year	2011
title	Thonet Chairs Design Grammar: a Step Towards the Mass Customization of Furniture
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 181-200.
summary	The paper presents the first phase of research currently under development that is focused on encoding Thonet design style into a generative design system using a shape grammar. The ultimate goal of the work is the design and production of customizable chairs using computer assisted tools, establishing a feasible practical model of the paradigm of mass customization (Davis, 1987). The current research step encompasses the following three steps: (1) codification of the rules describing Thonet design style into a shape grammar; (2) implementing the grammar into a computer tool as parametric design; and (3) rapid prototyping of customized chair designs within the style. Future phases will address the transformation of the Thonet’s grammar to create a new style and the production of real chair designs in this style using computer aided manufacturing. Beginning in the 1830’s, Austrian furniture designer Michael Thonet began experimenting with forming steam beech, in order to produce lighter furniture using fewer components, when compared with the standards of the time. Using the same construction principles and standardized elements, Thonet produced different chairs designs with a strong formal resemblance, creating his own design language. The kit assembly principle, the reduced number of elements, industrial efficiency, and the modular approach to furniture design as a system of interchangeable elements that may be used to assemble different objects enable him to become a pioneer of mass production (Noblet, 1993). The most paradigmatic example of the described vision of furniture design is the chair No. 14 produced in 1858, composed of six structural elements. Due to its simplicity, lightness, ability to be stored in flat and cubic packaging for individual of collective transportation, respectively, No. 14 became one of the most sold chairs worldwide, and it is still in production nowadays. Iconic examples of mass production are formally studied to provide insights to mass customization studies. The study of the shape grammar for the generation of Thonet chairs aimed to ensure rules that would make possible the reproduction of the selected corpus, as well as allow for the generation of new chairs within the developed grammar. Due to the wide variety of Thonet chairs, six chairs were randomly chosen to infer the grammar and then this was fine tuned by checking whether it could account for the generation of other designs not in the original corpus. Shape grammars (Stiny and Gips, 1972) have been used with sucesss both in the analysis as in the synthesis of designs at different scales, from product design to building and urban design. In particular, the use of shape grammars has been efficient in the characterization of objects’ styles and in the generation of new designs within the analyzed style, and it makes design rules amenable to computers implementation (Duarte, 2005). The literature includes one other example of a grammar for chair design by Knight (1980). In the second step of the current research phase, the outlined shape grammar was implemented into a computer program, to assist the designer in conceiving and producing customized chairs using a digital design process. This implementation was developed in Catia by converting the grammar into an equivalent parametric design model. In the third phase, physical models of existing and new chair designs were produced using rapid prototyping. The paper describes the grammar, its computer implementation as a parametric model, and the rapid prototyping of physical models. The generative potential of the proposed digital process is discussed in the context of enabling the mass customization of furniture. The role of the furniture designer in the new paradigm and ideas for further work also are discussed.
keywords	Thonet; furniture design; chair; digital design process; parametric design; shape grammar
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ecaade2011_053
id	ecaade2011_053
authors	Barros, Mário; Duarte, José P.; Chaparro, Bruno
year	2011
title	Digital Thonet: An automated system for the generation and analysis of custom-made chairs
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.521-529
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.521
wos	WOS:000335665500060
summary	A system is presented to support the designer in creating custom versions of chairs within a predefined design language using Thonet chairs as a case study. The system consists of parametric models based on shape grammars linked to structural analysis to provide an integrated generative process for mass customization in the furniture industry.
keywords	Thonet; furniture design; finite element method; parametric design; mass customization
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ijac20109301
id	ijac20109301
authors	Biloria, Nimish
year	2011
title	InfoMatters, a multi-agent systems approach for generating performative architectural formations
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 9 - no. 3, 205-222
summary	The research paper exemplifies upon a computationally intensive inter-disciplinary research driven design investigation into spatializing the relationship between digital information and physical matter. Focusing on the development of architectural scale urban inserts, the design-research work operates on the intersection of information technology, environmental design, architecture, and computer aided manufacturing domains.The research framework revolves around developing a seamless integration of the aforementioned disciplines in order to establish iterative simulation driven methodologies for generating bottom-up sustainable architectural formations. This is achieved by establishing parametrically driven relational linkages between differential data sets (environmental, social, topological, material etc), which formulate the context (both global and local) within which the proposed project has to be designed. A selforganizing multi-agent system based simulation methodology for generating resultant spatial formations, in time, based on the impacts of the parametric relationships between the aforementioned data sets is eventually embarked upon. This implies, understanding the site as a dynamic information field within which interdependent ecology of agents (representing typology of people, program, structure, speed, desired social interaction etc) with multi-level relational affinities amongst each other as well as the dynamic urban information field. The resultant self-organized multi-agent formations are iteratively mined for identifying logical three-dimensional structural patterns or subjected to programmatic and environmental need driven additional layer of structural simulation with pre-embedded material restraints. An optimized system of multi-performative components that not only populates but also serves as an integrated structural + skin system of the results obtained from the agent based simulations (based upon the degree of inclusion/exclusion of parameters such as the amount of light, sound, wind etc) is subsequently generated. These experimental projects attained the status of self-evolving ecologies of multi-dimensional agents with embodied behavioural profiles, thus providing engaged, highly interdependent design by simulation outputs. The outputs showcase a dynamic system's driven approach towards sustainable design by stressing upon the idea of cohesively binding information and material systems from the very beginning of the design process. Such approaches help in reducing post-optimization of built form and consequently allow for rational understanding of performance criteria and its impact on formal articulations throughout the design process.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	acadia11_138
id	acadia11_138
authors	Buell, Samantha; Shaban, Ryan; Corte, Daniel; Beorkrem, Christopher
year	2011
title	Zero-waste, Flat Pack Truss Work: An Investigation of Responsive Structuralism
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 138-143
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.138
summary	The direct and rapid connections between scripting, modeling and prototyping allow for investigations of computation in fabrication. The manipulation of planar materials with two-dimensional CNC cuts can easily create complex and varied forms, volumes, and surfaces. However, the bulk of research on folding using CNC fabrication tools is focused upon surfaces, self-supporting walls and shell structures, which do not integrate well into more conventional building construction models.This paper attempts to explain the potential for using folding methodologies to develop structural members through a design-build process. Conventional building practice consists of the assembly of off-the-shelf parts. Many times, the plinth, skeleton, and skin are independently designed and fabricated, integrating multiple industries. Using this method of construction as an operative status quo, this investigation focused on a single structural component: the truss. A truss is defined as: “A triangulated arrangement of structural members that reduces nonaxial external forces to a set of axial forces in its members.” (Allen and Iano 2004)Using folding methodologies and sheet steel to create a truss, this design investigation employed a recyclable and prolific building material to redefine the fabrication of a conventional structural member. The potential for using digital design and two-dimensional CNC fabrication tools in the design of a foldable truss from sheet steel is viable in the creation of a flat-packed, minimal waste structural member that can adapt to a variety of aesthetic and structural conditions. Applying new methods to a component of the conventional ‘kit of parts’ allowed for a novel investigation that recombines zero waste goals, flat-packing potential, structural expression and computational processes.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia11_234
id	acadia11_234
authors	Chok, Kermin
year	2011
title	Progressive Spheres of Innovation: Efficiency, communication and collaboration
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 234-241
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.234
summary	Over the last few years, a large majority of construction work has moved overseas. In response to this, our engineering practice has been involved in a large number of Asian and Middle East design competitions, usually executed in a compressed timeframe. Building codes usually include very specific requirements regarding the lateral performance of a building under seismic and wind loads. This is especially true in China. Our structural engineering practice has thus developed a variety of digital tools customized to building code requirements, in order to provide relevant structural feedback in an appropriate design time frame. The paper will discuss our recent digital design work in the context of building code requirements and information sharing. Our innovations have centered on three progressive spheres of innovation: internal efficiency, communication and collaboration. We propose that only with closer and more transparent collaboration will the building industry be effective and efficient in meeting clients’ needs. However, without first addressing a firm’s internal capabilities of efficiency and communication, the firm will be unable to effectively participate in the collaborative process. This paper begins by discussing various custom Rhino-Grasshopper components to facilitate our internal design process. We then touch on the communication realm discussing work in lowering the barriers for information sharing. Lastly, we explore the necessary shifts in thinking required to move beyond linear design exploration and the exciting opportunity to deliver truly innovative design solutions.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia11_272
id	acadia11_272
authors	Dimcic, Milos; Knippers, Jan
year	2011
title	Free-form Grid Shell Design Based on Genetic Algorithms
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 272-277
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.272
summary	In the 21st century, as free-form design grows in popularity, grid shells are becoming a universal structural solution, enabling the conflation of structure and skin (façade) into one single element (Kolarevic 2003). This paper presents some of the results of a comprehensive research project focused on the automated design and optimization of grid structures over some predefined free form shape, with the goal of generating a stable and statically efficient structure. It shows that by combining design and FEM software in an iterative, Genetic Algorithms-based optimization process, stress and deformation in grid shell structures can be significantly reduced, material can be saved and stability enhanced.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaade2012_261
id	ecaade2012_261
authors	Feringa, Jelle; Sondergaard, Asbjorn
year	2012
title	Design and Fabrication of Topologically Optimized Structures; An Integral Approach - A Close Coupling Form Generation and Fabrication
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 495-500
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.495
wos	WOS:000330320600052
summary	Integral structural optimization and fabrication seeks the synthesis of two original approaches; that of topological optimization (TO) and robotic hotwire cutting (HWC) (Mcgee 2011). TO allows for the reduction of up to 70% of the volume of concrete to support a given structure (Sondergaard & Dombernowsky 2011). A strength of the method is that it allows to come up with structural designs that lie beyond the grasp of traditional means of design. A design space is a discretized volume, delimiting where the optimization will take place. The number of cells used to discretize the design space thus sets the resolution of the TO. While the approach of the application of TO as a constitutive design tool centers on structural aspects in the design phase (Xie 2010), the outcome of this process are structures that cannot be realized within a conventional budget. As such the ensuing design is optimal in a narrow sense; whilst optimal structurally though, construction can be prove to be prohibitively expensive.
keywords	Topology optimization; robotics; hotwire cutting; EPS formwork; concrete structures
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2011_405
id	sigradi2011_405
authors	García Alvarado, Rodrigo; Lyon Gottlieb, Arturo
year	2011
title	De la Optimización Estructural Evolutiva al Diseño Paramétrico basado en desempeño; experiencias en plataformas integradas para estrategias de diseño multidisciplinares [From Evolutionary Structural Optimization to performance driven Parametric Design; experiences on integrated platforms for multidisciplinary design strategies]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 201-205
summary	This paper presents a research developed by a multidisciplinary team looking into the use of Topological Optimization and its integration to collaborative design platforms in early stages of design processes. The interest of the experience is focused on how Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) models can be further integrated into parametric design software for the definition of adaptable components in response to environmental and architectural criteria. This research explores platforms and processes for the collaboration between software development, structural engineers and architects in early stages of design as a possibility to relate the potential of computational processes with the definition of design criteria involving architectural, structural and environmental parameters.
keywords	Evolutionary Structural Optimization; Topological Analysis; Parametric Design; Performance Driven Design
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	cf2011_p145
id	cf2011_p145
authors	Georgiou, Odysseas
year	2011
title	Interactive Structural Analysis
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 833-846.
summary	This paper re-approaches structural engineering through an interactive perspective by introducing a series of tools that concatenate parametric design with structural analysis, thus achieving interoperability between form and its structural performance. Parametric Design is linked to Structural Analysis using computer programming to establish a common interactive framework that leads to performance based designs that respond to structural constrains and conditions in an interactive manner. A series of examples illustrate the synergy between form and structure by interactively modelling, analysing and visualizing its response.
keywords	Structural engineering, parametric design, interoperability,free form,interactive,analysis
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	caadria2011_017
id	caadria2011_017
authors	Hanafin, Stuart; Sambit Datta and Bernard Rolfe
year	2011
title	Tree facades: Generative modelling with an axial branch rewriting system
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 175-184
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.175
summary	The methods and algorithms of generative modelling can be improved when representing organic structures by the study of computational models of natural processes and their application to architectural design. In this paper, we present a study of the generation of branching structures and their application to the development of façade support systems. We investigate two types of branching structures, a recursive bifurcation model and an axial tree based L-system for the generation of façades. The aim of the paper is to capture not only the form but also the underlying principles of biomimicry found in branching. This is then tested, by their application to develop experimental façade support systems. The developed algorithms implement parametric variations for façade generation based on natural tree-like branching. The benefits of such a model are: ease of structural optimization, variations of support and digital fabrication of façade components.
keywords	Parametric Modelling; Biomimicry; Lindenmayer Systems; Branching Structures
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2011_071
id	caadria2011_071
authors	Huang, Weixin; Weiguo Xu and Tao Wang
year	2011
title	Structural form generation using interactive genetic algorithm
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 751-760
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.751
summary	Structural form design could be considered as a bi-objective problem which should satisfy both the efficiency criterion of structural engineering and the aesthetic criteria of architects. This research tries to introduce Interactive Genetic Algorithm (IGA) in the problem of structural form design. It combines the structural analysis performed by computer and aesthetic evaluation by architects into a bi-objective IGA process, in order to generate structural forms which are preferred by the architects and at the same time structurally optimal. In this research, the structure generated consists of two kinds of members, truss and beam. Generation and evolution of structure is based on a triangular element composed of several members. Through experiment of the IGA structural form design system, it is found the structure forms are optimized as the evolutionary process proceeds, and the aesthetic preference of architect is also transferred from generation to generation. It is also revealed that the two criteria have mutual restrictions, which resulted in compromised results.
keywords	Bi-objective optimization; structural form; interactive genetic algorithm; subjective evaluation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	acadia11_52
id	acadia11_52
authors	Iwamoto, Lisa; Scott, Craig
year	2011
title	Material Computation: Voussoir cloud
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 52-55
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.052
summary	In contrast to such structurally pure models, the power of computation has opened possibilities for at once muddying and synthesizing geometry, structure and material performance. Where the earlier twentieth century experiments employed a more or less uniform tectonic based on symmetrical structural diagrams, contemporary analysis and design techniques can efficiently adapt a material system to address variable, localized, and non-symmetrical loading conditions. This has resulted in projects characterized by non-optimized structural forms that register the impacts of geometry on material behavior with a deviated tectonic system.
series	ACADIA
type	keynote paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2011_014
id	caadria2011_014
authors	Khoo, Chin Koi and Flora Dilys Salim
year	2011
title	Designing elastic transformable structures: Towards soft responsive architecture
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 143-152
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.143
summary	This paper discusses the issues of designing and building environment involving spatial conditions that can be physically reconfigured to meet changing needs. To achieve this architectural vision, most current research focuses on the kinetic, mechanical systems and physical control mechanisms for actuation and structural transformation. Instead of the ‘hard’ mechanical joints and components, there is an unexplored ‘soft’ approach using lightweight elastic composite materials for designing responsive architectural skins and structures. This paper investigates the new possibilities for the manipulation of various architectural enclosures using ‘soft’ and elastic transformable structures, in response to environmental, communication and adapting to various contexts. This approach intends to minimise the mechanistic actuations and reduce weight for such operations. Therefore, this research introduces two modules (a tetrahedron and a cube) as responsive spatial models to test the potentials and limitations for the implementation of elastic materials with responsive capability towards reconfigurable architectural enclosure. Despite their individual differences, these experiments identify a trajectory for new possibilities for elastic architectural components that are more appropriate for ‘soft’ responsive architecture. We argue that this approach can provide an early hypothesis for design responsive architecture with a mix of passive and active design strategies.
keywords	Elastic; transformable; soft; responsive
series	CAADRIA
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last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

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