Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2011_p027
id	cf2011_p027
authors	Herssens, Jasmien; Heylighen Ann
year	2011
title	A Framework of Haptic Design Parameters for Architects: Sensory Paradox Between Content and Representation
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 685-700.
summary	Architects‚Äîlike other designers‚Äîtend to think, know and work in a visual way. In design research, this way of knowing and working is highly valued as paramount to design expertise (Cross 1982, 2006). In case of architecture, however, it is not only a particular strength, but may as well be regarded as a serious weakness. The absence of non-visual features in traditional architectural spatial representations indicates how these are disregarded as important elements in conceiving space (Dischinger 2006). This bias towards vision, and the suppression of other senses‚Äîin the way architecture is conceived, taught and critiqued‚Äîresults in a disappearance of sensory qualities (Pallasmaa 2005). Nevertheless, if architects design with more attention to non visual senses, they are able to contribute to more inclusive environments. Indeed if an environment offers a range of sensory triggers, people with different sensory capacities are able to navigate and enjoy it. Rather than implementing as many sensory triggers as possible, the intention is to make buildings and spaces accessible and enjoyable for more people, in line with the objective of inclusive design (Clarkson et al. 2007), also called Design for All or Universal Design (Ostroff 2001). Within this overall objective, the aim of our study is to develop haptic design parameters that support architects during design in paying more attention to the role of haptics, i.e. the sense of touch, in the built environment by informing them about the haptic implications of their design decisions. In the context of our study, haptic design parameters are defined as variables that can be decided upon by designers throughout the design process, and the value of which determines the haptic characteristics of the resulting design. These characteristics are based on the expertise of people who are congenitally blind, as they are more attentive to non visual information, and of professional caregivers working with them. The parameters do not intend to be prescriptive, nor to impose a particular method. Instead they seek to facilitate a more inclusive design attitude by informing designers and helping them to think differently. As the insights from the empirical studies with people born blind and caregivers have been reported elsewhere (Authors 2010), this paper starts by outlining the haptic design parameters resulting from them. Following the classification of haptics into active, dynamic and passive touch, the built environment unfolds into surfaces that can act as ‚Äúmovement‚Äù, ‚Äúguiding‚Äù and/or ‚Äúrest‚Äù plane. Furthermore design techniques are suggested to check the haptic qualities during the design process. Subsequently, the paper reports on a focus group interview/workshop with professional architects to assess the usability of the haptic design parameters for design practice. The architects were then asked to try out the parameters in the context of a concrete design project. The reactions suggest that the participating architects immediately picked up the underlying idea of the parameters, and recognized their relevance in relation to the design project at stake, but that their representation confronts us with a sensory paradox: although the parameters question the impact of the visual in architectural design, they are meant to be used by designers, who are used to think, know and work in a visual way.
keywords	blindness, design parameters, haptics, inclusive design, vision
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p043
id	cf2011_p043
authors	Boeykens, Stefan
year	2011
title	Using 3D Design Software, BIM and Game Engines for Architectural Historical Reconstruction
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 493-509.
summary	The use of digital tools has become a tremendous aid in the creation of digital, historical reconstructions of architectural projects. Regular visualization techniques have been used for quite some time and they still pose interesting approaches, such as following cinematic techniques [1]. While common visualizations focus on pre-rendered graphics, it is possible to apply Game Engines [2] for real-time architectural visualization, as witnessed by [3] and [4]. In the course of our teaching and research efforts, we have collected experience with several visualization and modeling techniques, including the use of gaming engines. While the modeling of qualitative geometry for use in regular visualization already poses an elaborate effort, the preparation of models for different uses is often not trivial. Most modeling systems only support the creation of models for a single amount of detail, whereas an optimized model for a real-time system will have fairly different constraints when compared to non-real-time models for photorealistic rendering and animation. The use of parametric methods is one usable approach to tackle this complexity, as illustrated in [4]. One of the major advantages of using parametric approaches lies precisely in the possibility of using a single model to generate different geometry with control over the amount of detail. We explicitly tackle this in a Building Information Modeling (BIM) context, as to support much more than purely 3D geometry and visualization purposes. An integrated approach allows the same model to be used for technical drawings in 2D and an optimized 3D model in varying levels of detail for different visualization purposes. However, while most Building Information Modeling applications are targeted to current architectural practice, they seldom provide sufficient content for the recreation of historical models. This thus requires an extensive library of parametric, custom objects to be used and re-used for historically accurate models, which can serve multiple purposes. Finally, the approach towards the historical resources also poses interpretation problems, which we tackled using a reasonably straightforward set up of an information database, collecting facts and accuracies. This helps in the visualization of color-coded 3D models, depicting the accuracy of the model, which is a valuable graphical approach to discuss and communicate information about the historical study in an appealing format. This article will present the results of different reconstruction case studies, using a variety of design applications and discuss the inherent complexity and limitations in the process of translating an active, evolving model into an environment suitable for use in a real-time system. Especially workflow issues are identified, as the translation of the model into the game engine should be repeated several times, when the model is further refined and adapted. This used to involve a large amount of repetitive work, but the current crop of game engines have much better approaches to manage the updating of the geometry.
keywords	Real-time architecture, game engines, cultural heritage, digital reconstruction, parametric modeling, Building Information Modeling
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p019
id	cf2011_p019
authors	Haeusler, Matthias Hank; Beilharz Kirsty
year	2011
title	Architecture = Computer‚ from Computational to Computing Environments
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 217-232.
summary	Drawing on architecture, urban digital media, engineering, IT and interaction design, the research presented in this paper outlines a possible shift from architecture designed through computation (any type of process, algorithm or measurement done in a computational matter) towards architecture capable of computing (developing, using and improving computer technology, computer hardware and software as a space-defining element). The research is driven by recent developments in four fields, as follows: (a) Architecture in its recent development has shifted from a planar box, as was the ideal in the modernist movement, towards complex and non-standard forms. (b) The design concepts of non-standard surfaces have been adopted into media facades and media architecture by liberating the pixel from its planar position on a screen [1]. (c) Advancements in pervasive computing applications are now able both to receive information from the environment in which they are used and to detect other devices that enter this environment [2]. (d) Developments in advanced autonomous systems such as Human Computer Interaction (HCI) or Human Robot Interaction (HRI), have produced intelligent systems capable of observing human cues and using these cues as the basis for intelligent decision-making [3]. Media fa_ßade developments work in the direction of the above-mentioned four fields, but often come with limitations in architectural integration; they need additional components to interact with their environment and their interactions are both often limited to visual interactions and require the user to act first. The researched system, Polymedia Pixel [4] discussed in this paper, can overcome these limitations and fulfil the need for a space-defining material capable of computing, thus enabling a shift from architecture designed by computation towards architecture capable of active computing. The Polymedia Pixel architecture merges digital technology with ubiquitous computing. This allows the built environment and its relation with digital technology to develop from (a) architecture being represented by computer to (b) computation being used to develop architecture and then further to where (c) architecture and the space-defining objects have computing attributes. Hence the study presented aims to consider and answer this key question: ‚ÄòWhen building components with computing capacity can define space and function as a computer at the same time, what are the constraints for the building components and what are the possible advantages for the built environment?‚Äô The conceptual framework, design and methods used in this research combine three fields: (a) hardware (architecture and design, electronic engineering) (b) software (content design and IT) and (c) interaction design (HCI and HRI). Architecture and urban design determinates the field of application. Media architecture and computer science provide the technological foundation, while the field of interaction design defines the methodology to link space and computing [5]. The conceptual starting point is to rethink the application of computers in architecture and, if architecture is capable of computing, what kind of methodology and structure would find an answer to the above core research question, and what are the implications of the question itself? The case study discusses opportunities for applying the Polymedia Pixel as an architectural component by testing it on: (a) constraint testing ‚Äì applying computational design methodologies to design space (b) singular testing - discussing the advantages for an individual building, and (c) plural testing ‚Äì investigating the potential for an urban context. The research aims to contribute to the field of knowledge through presenting first steps of a System < - > System mode where buildings can possibly watch and monitor each other, additional to the four primary interactive modes of operation. This investigation, its proposed hypothesis, methodology, implications, significance and evaluation are presented in the paper.
keywords	media architecture, computational environments, ubiquitous computing, interaction design, computer science
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	acadiaregional2011_024
id	acadiaregional2011_024
authors	Hillukka, Daniel
year	2011
title	Interior Climate Optimization by Volumetric Adjustment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.x.j1c
source	Parametricism (SPC) ACADIA Regional 2011 Conference Proceedings
summary	This research focuses primarily on the functionality of software, specifically Rhinoceros (McNeel & Assoc.) and a few associated PlugIns (Grasshopper, Rhino Assembly), to create and control a model of a building to study the environmental effects of modulation of space. Has technology been completely utilized in addressing comfort maintenance within a dwelling space? For example, animals have a similarities based upon their surface to volume relationship, yet they are able to adjust the ratios based on a reaction to their environmental circumstances. For example, when cold, they are able to “fluff” their fur in order to minimize their surface area in comparison to an increasing “interior” volume. Historically, abilities to influence temperature change within a space have been relegated to passive air exchange systems and more recently completely active air exchange means of control. Technological advances have raised significant questions towards methods and means for this control. Through use of 3D models and simulations, the topic of climate maintenance in spatial conditions was addressed using environmental controls. Thus modulation of the interior climate as well as the space could simultaneously occur to create a radically different space of habitation. The preparation and writing of this abstract addressed various areas of the SPC requirements, which become apparent during the digestion of the paper.
keywords	Rhinoceros, Grasshopper, Rhino-Assembly, volume, operable architecture, parametric components, climate optimization, dynamic constructs
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	caadria2011_014
id	caadria2011_014
authors	Khoo, Chin Koi and Flora Dilys Salim
year	2011
title	Designing elastic transformable structures: Towards soft responsive architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.143
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 143-152
summary	This paper discusses the issues of designing and building environment involving spatial conditions that can be physically reconfigured to meet changing needs. To achieve this architectural vision, most current research focuses on the kinetic, mechanical systems and physical control mechanisms for actuation and structural transformation. Instead of the ‘hard’ mechanical joints and components, there is an unexplored ‘soft’ approach using lightweight elastic composite materials for designing responsive architectural skins and structures. This paper investigates the new possibilities for the manipulation of various architectural enclosures using ‘soft’ and elastic transformable structures, in response to environmental, communication and adapting to various contexts. This approach intends to minimise the mechanistic actuations and reduce weight for such operations. Therefore, this research introduces two modules (a tetrahedron and a cube) as responsive spatial models to test the potentials and limitations for the implementation of elastic materials with responsive capability towards reconfigurable architectural enclosure. Despite their individual differences, these experiments identify a trajectory for new possibilities for elastic architectural components that are more appropriate for ‘soft’ responsive architecture. We argue that this approach can provide an early hypothesis for design responsive architecture with a mix of passive and active design strategies.
keywords	Elastic; transformable; soft; responsive
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia11_334
id	acadia11_334
authors	Khoo, Chin Koi; Burry, Jane; Burry, Mark
year	2011
title	Soft Responsive Kinetic System: An Elastic Transformable Architectural Skin for Climatic and Visual Control
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.334
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 334-341
summary	Most designers of dynamic building skins that reconfigure themselves in changing conditions have utilised mechanical systems. However, when designing for dynamic responsiveness, these systems often involve intricate and high-tech mechanistic joints, actuators and control. This research investigates the possibility of the ‘soft’ form-changing material systems to minimise the use of ‘hard’ mechanical components for kinetic responsive architectural skins. The research goal is to develop a prototype system that can be used to retrofit an existing building with an application of a ‘second skin’ that performs well in various climate conditions and is visually compelling. This approach is tested by the prototype, namely “Curtain”. It serves two fundamental purposes: Comfort and Cosmetic, to improve the existing interior and exterior spatial conditions. As an early proposition, the significance of this research offers a practical method for realising a ‘soft’ transformable architectural skin that synthesises passive cooling, manipulates sunlight and is set as an active shading device. Parametric design is used to explore and simulate these climatic and visual design constraints.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2011_029
id	caadria2011_029
authors	Santo, Yasu; John H. Frazer and Robin Drogemuller
year	2011
title	Active buildings: What can we do about buildings that simply stand still?
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.301
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 301-310
summary	This paper presents background of our research and result of our pilot study to find methods for convincing building users to become active building participants. We speculate this is possible by allowing and motivating users to customise and manage their own built environments. The ultimate aim of this research is to develop open, flexible and adaptive systems that bring awareness to building users to the extent they recognise spaces are for them to change rather than accept spaces are fixed and they are the ones to adapt. We argue this is possible if the architectural hardware is designed to adapt to begin with and more importantly if there are appropriate user interfaces that are designed to work with the hardware. A series of simple prototypes were made to study possibilities through making, installing and experiencing them. Ideas discussed during making and experiencing of prototypes were evaluated to generate further ideas. This method was very useful to speculate unexplored and unknown issues with respect to developing user interfaces for active buildings.
keywords	Interaction; interface; Building Information; participatory; adaptive
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_397
id	ecaadesigradi2019_397
authors	Cristie, Verina and Joyce, Sam Conrad
year	2019
title	'GHShot': a collaborative and distributed visual version control for Grasshopper parametric programming
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.035
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 35-44
summary	When working with parametric models, architects typically focus on using rather structuring them (Woodbury, 2010). As a result, increasing design complexity typically means a convoluted parametric model, amplifying known problems: 'hard to understand, modify, share and reuse' (Smith 2007; Davis 2011). This practice is in contrast with conventional software-programming where programmers are known to meticulously document and structure their code with versioning tool. In this paper, we argue that versioning tools could help to manage parametric modelling complexity, as it has been showing with software counterparts. Four key features of version control: committing, differentiating, branching, and merging, and how they could be implemented in a parametric design practice are discussed. Initial user test sessions with 5 student designers using GHShot Grasshopper version control plugin (Cristie and Joyce 2018, 2017) revealed that the plugin is useful to record and overview design progression, share model, and provide a fallback mechanism.
keywords	Version Control; Parametric Design; Collaborative Design; Design Exploration
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	cf2011_p020
id	cf2011_p020
authors	Kabre, Chitrarekha
year	2011
title	A Computer Aided Design Model for Climate Responsive Dwelling Roof
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 315-332.
summary	Computer-Aided Design models have generated new possibilities in the sustainable design of buildings. Computer models assisting different aspects of architectural design have been developed and used for several decades. A review of contributions of computing to architectural design is given by Gero. Most of the conventional simulation computer programs do not actively support design development and optimization, specially at the formative design stages. It is well established that most decisions that affect comfort and building energy use occur during the formative design stages of the project. Furthermore, the efforts required to implement those decisions at the beginning of the design process are small compared to the effort that would be necessary later on in the design process. Therefore, if sustainable design issues are going to receive an appropriate level of consideration at the beginning of the design process, they must be presented in a way which is useful to the architect and fits with other things the architect is considering at that time. Design is seen as a problem-solving process of searching through a space of design solutions. The process of finding a solution to a design problem involves, identifying one or more objectives, making design decisions based on the objectives, predicting and evaluating the performance to find the acceptable decisions. Each of these activities can be performed inside or outside the formal model. In designing a roof, an architect or building designer has to make many decisions on the materials. The arrangement of these materials determines the aesthetic appearance of the roof and the house. Other considerations that affect the choice of roofing materials are thermal performance, rain, fire protection, cost, availability and maintenance. Recyclability of materials, hazardous materials, life-cycle expectancy, solutions, and design options as they relate to the environment also need to be considered. Consequently, the design of roof has become quite a complex and multifaceted problem. The principal need is for a direct design aid which can generate feasible solutions and tradeoff performance in conflicting requirements and prescribe the optimum solution. This paper presents a conceptual Computer Aided Design model for dwelling roof. It is based on generation and optimization paradigms of Computer Aided Design; which is diametrically opposite to conventional simulation. The design of roof (design goal) can be defined in terms of design objective as "control radiant and conduction heat." This objective must be satisfied to achieve the design goal. The performance variables, such as roof ceiling surface temperature or new thermal performance index (TPI*) must acquire values within certain ranges which will satisfy the objective. Given the required inputs, this computer model automatically generates prescriptive quantitative information to design roof to achieve optimum thermal comfort in warm humid tropics. The model first generates feasible solutions based on the decision rules; next it evaluates the thermal performance of the roof taking into account design variables related to the building‚Äôs roof and finally it applies numerical optimization techniques to automatically determine the optimum design variables, which achieve the best thermal performance. The rational and methodology used to develop the proposed model is outlined and the implementation of model is described with examples for climatic and technological contexts of India and Australia.
keywords	Computer aided design, sustainable design, generation, optimization, dwelling roof, thermal performance
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	acadiaregional2011_008
id	acadiaregional2011_008
authors	Krietemeyer,Elizabeth A.; Anna H. Dyson
year	2011
title	Electropolymeric Technology for Dynamic Building Envelopes
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.x.s0s
source	Parametricism (SPC) ACADIA Regional 2011 Conference Proceedings
summary	Human health and energy problems associated with the lack of control of natural light in contemporary buildings have necessitated research into dynamic windows for energy efficient buildings. Existing dynamic glazing technologies have made limited progress towards greater energy performance for curtain wall systems because they are still unable to respond to dynamic solar conditions, fluctuating building demands, and a range of user preferences for visual comfort and individual control. Recent breakthroughs in the field of information display provide opportunities to transfer electropolymeric technology to building envelopes that can achieve geometric and spectral selectivity in concert with pattern variation within the façade. Integrating electroactive polymers within the surfaces of an insulated glazing unit (IGU) could dramatically improve the energy performance of windows while enabling user empowerment through the control of the visual quality of this micro-material assembly, in addition to allowing for the switchable patterning of information display. Using parametric modeling as a generative design and analysis tool, this paper examines the technical intricacies linking system variables with visual comfort, daylight quality, and pattern design of the proposed electropolymeric dynamic facade technology.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	cf2011_p060
id	cf2011_p060
authors	Sheward, Hugo; Eastman Charles
year	2011
title	Preliminary Concept Design (PCD) Tools for Laboratory Buildings, Automated Design Optimization and Assessment Embedded in Building Information Modeling (BIM) Tools.
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 451-476.
summary	The design of laboratory buildings entails the implementation of a variety of design constraints such as building codes; design guidelines and technical requirements. The application of these requires from designers the derivation of data not explicitly available at early stages of design, at the same time there is no precise methodology to control the consistency, and accuracy of their application. Many of these constraints deal with providing secure environmental conditions for the activities inside laboratories and their repercussions both for the building occupants and population in general, these constraints mandate a strict control over the building‚Äôs Mechanical Equipment (MEP), in particular the Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. Due to the importance of these laboratory designers are expected to assess their designs not only according spatial relationships, but also design variables such as HVAC efficiency, air pressure hierarchies, operational costs, and the possible implications of their design decisions in the biological safety of the facility. At this point in time, there are no practical methods for making these assessments, without having constant interaction with HVAC specialists. The assessment of laboratory design variables, particularly those technical in nature, such as dimensioning of ducts or energy consumption are usually performed at late stages of design. They are performed by domain experts using data manually extracted from design information, with the addition of domain specific knowledge, the evaluation is done mostly through manual calculations or building simulations. In traditional practices most expert evaluations are performed once the architectural design have been completed, the turn around of the evaluation might take hours or days depending on the methods used by the engineer, therefore reducing the possibility for design alternatives evaluation. The results of these evaluations will give clues about sizing of the HVAC equipment, and might generate the need for design reformulations, causing higher development costs and time delays. Several efforts in the development of computational tools for automated design evaluation such as wheel chair accessibility (Han, Law, Latombe, Kunz, 2002) security and circulation (Eastman, 2009), and construction codes (ww.Corenet.gov.sg) have demonstrated the capabilities of rule or parameter based building assessment; several computer applications capable of supporting HVAC engineers in system designing for late concept or design development exist, but little has been done to assess the capabilities of computer applications to support laboratory design during architectural Preliminary Concept Design(PCD) (Trcka, Hensen, 2010). Developments in CAD technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) have opened doors to formal explorations in generative design using rule based or parametric modeling [7]. BIM represents buildings as a collection of objects with their own geometry, attributes, and relations. BIM also allows for the definition of objects parametrically including their relation to other model objects. BIM has enabled the development of automated rule based building evaluation (Eastman, 2009). Most of contemporary BIM applications contemplate in their default user interfaces access to design constraints and object attribute manipulations. Some even allow for the application of rules over these. Such capabilities make BIM viable platforms for automation of design data derivation and for the implementation of generative based design assessment. In this paper we analyze the possibilities provided by contemporary BIM for implementing generative based design assessment in laboratory buildings. In this schema, domain specific knowledge is embedded in to the BIM system as to make explicit design metrics that can help designers and engineers to assess the performance of design alternatives. The implementation of generative design assessments during PCD can help designers and engineers to identify design issues early in the process, reducing the number of revisions and reconfigurations in later stages of design. And generally improving design performance.
keywords	Heating ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC), Building Information Models (BIM), Generative Design Assessment
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	caadria2011_072
id	caadria2011_072
authors	Gallas, Mohamed-Anis; Didier Bur and Gilles Halin
year	2011
title	Daylight and energy in the early phase of architectural design process: A design assistance method using designer’s intents
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.761
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 761-770
summary	The integration of daylighting from the beginning of the design process can help designers to create buildings that respect their environment benefit from the solar gain thus giving an answer to illumination and energy needs (Bodart et al, 2002). This paper proposes a declarative assistance method/tool designed for the early design phase. This method assists the designer in integrating the daylight and its energetic impact from the beginning of the architectural design process by means of intents. The intents are related to the daylight, energy and spatial configuration aspects of the architectural project. The method translates the designer’s intents into potential solutions. They are the first formal representation of the architect’s intents that could be customized and altered during the next architectural design phases.
keywords	Daylight; energy; early design phase; design support; intents
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2011_068
id	ecaade2011_068
authors	Ma, Jin Yul; Choo, Seung Yeon; Seo, Ji Hyo; Jeong, Seung Woo
year	2011
title	A Study on BIM based Energy Efficient Design Improvement for Rural Standard Drawing and Specification in South Korea: Focusing on Using Buffer-Zone
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.430
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.430-438
summary	Throughout the world, global warming has been considered a severe problem, which has led to efforts being made for technical development to reduce greenhouse gases in the building sector. As more attention has been paid to energy consumption by residential housing in the building sector, policies and studies on domestic dwellings tend to focus on quality improvement and energy-efficient housing development rather than quantitative housing supply. Yet, policies and guidelines considering residential energy efficiency are inclined to focus on performance and lack in integrated consideration in connection with design. Hence, it seems necessary to compare and analyze design and energy efficiency and to study correlations between housing design and energy. Lately, BIM technology has been used in buildings domestically and proved reliable in respect of its features that enable overall comparison and prediction of housing design, performance and efficiency. The present study is to use the BIM technology to analyze energy consumption and the standard drawing schemes for rural areas to find ways to improve efficient design in singles housing sector and to suggest how to take advantage of buffer zones and how to improve housing design in favor of energy efficiency.
wos	WOS:000335665500049
keywords	BIM; Energy Analysis Tool; Rural Standard Drawing; Buffer-Zone; Sustainable design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	cf2011_p018
id	cf2011_p018
authors	Sokmenoglu, Ahu; Cagdas Gulen, Sariyildiz Sevil
year	2011
title	A Multi-dimensional Exploration of Urban Attributes by Data Mining
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 333-350.
summary	The paper which is proposed here will introduce an ongoing research project aiming to research data mining as a methodology of knowledge discovery in urban feature analysis. To address the increasing multi-dimensional and relational complexity of urban environments requires a multidisciplinary approach to urban analysis. This research is an attempt to establish a link between knowledge discovery methodologies and automated urban feature analysis. Therefore, in the scope of this research we apply data mining methodologies for urban analysis. Data mining is defined as to extract important patterns and trends from raw data (Witten and Frank, 2005). When applied to discover relationships between urban attributes, data mining can constitute a methodology for the analysis of multi-dimensional relational complexity of urban environments (Gil, Montenegro, Beirao and Duarte, 2009) The theoretical motivation of the research is derived by the lack of explanatory urban knowledge which is an issue since 1970‚Äôs in the area of urban research. This situation is mostly associated with deductive methods of analysis. The analysis of urban system from the perspective of few interrelated factors, without considering the multi-dimensionality of the system in a deductive fashion was not been explanatory enough. (Jacobs, 1961, Lefebvre, 1970 Harvey, 1973) To address the multi-dimensional and relational complexity of urban environments requires the consideration of diverse spatial, social, economic, cultural, morphological, environmental, political etc. features of urban entities. The main claim is that, in urban analysis, there is a need to advance from traditional one dimensional (Marshall, 2004) description and classification of urban forms (e.g. Land-use maps, Density maps) to the consideration of the simultaneous multi-dimensionality of urban systems. For this purpose, this research proposes a methodology consisting of the application of data mining as a knowledge discovery method into a GIS based conceptual urban database built out of official real data of Beyoglu. Generally, the proposed methodology is a framework for representing and analyzing urban entities represented as objects with properties (attributes). It concerns the formulation of an urban entity‚Äôs database based on both available and non-available (constructed from available data) data, and then data mining of spatial and non-spatial attributes of the urban entities. Location or position is the primary reference basis for the data that is describing urban entities. Urban entities are; building floors, buildings, building blocks, streets, geographically defined districts and neighborhoods etc. Urban attributes are district properties of locations (such as land-use, land value, slope, view and so forth) that change from one location to another. Every basic urban entity is unique in terms of its attributes. All the available qualitative and quantitative attributes that is relavant (in the mind of the analyst) and appropriate for encoding, can be coded inside the computer representation of the basic urban entity. Our methodology is applied by using the real and official, the most complex, complete and up-to-dataset of Beyoglu (a historical neighborhood of Istanbul) that is provided by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IBB). Basically, in our research, data mining in the context of urban data is introduced as a computer based, data-driven, context-specific approach for supporting analysis of urban systems without relying on any existing theories. Data mining in the context of urban data; ‚Ä¢ Can help in the design process by providing site-specific insight through deeper understanding of urban data. ‚Ä¢ Can produce results that can assist architects and urban planners at design, policy and strategy levels. ‚Ä¢ Can constitute a robust scientific base for rule definition in urban simulation applications such as urban growth prediction systems, land-use simulation models etc. In the paper, firstly we will present the framework of our research with an emphasis on its theoretical background. Afterwards we will introduce our methodology in detail and finally we will present some of important results of data mining analysis processed in Rapid Miner open-source software. Specifically, our research define a general framework for knowledge discovery in urban feature analysis and enable the usage of GIS and data mining as complementary applications in urban feature analysis. Acknowledgments I would like to thank to Nuffic, the Netherlands Organization for International Cooperation in Higher Education, for funding of this research. I would like to thank Ceyhun Burak Akgul for his support in Data Mining and to H. Serdar Kaya for his support in GIS.
keywords	urban feature analysis, data mining, urban database, urban complexity, GIS
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ecaade2011_099
id	ecaade2011_099
authors	Ahlquist, Sean; Menges, Achim
year	2011
title	Methodological Approach for the Integration of Material Information and Performance in the Design Computation for Tension-Active Architectural Systems
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.799
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.799-808
summary	As computational design processes have moved from representation to simulation, the focus has shifted towards advanced integration of performance as a form defining measure. Performance, though, is often assessed purely on the level of geometry and stratified between hierarchically independent layers. When looking at tension-active membrane systems, performance is integrated across multiple levels and with only the membrane material itself, defining the structural, spatial and atmospheric qualities. The research described in this paper investigates the integrative nature of this type of lightweight structure and proposes methodologies for generating highly articulated and differentiated systems. As material is a critical component, the research focuses on a system-based approach which places priority on the inclusion of material research and parameterization into a behavior-based computational process.
wos	WOS:000335665500092
keywords	Material behavior; material computation; system; gestalt; tension-active system
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia11_82
id	acadia11_82
authors	Ahlquist, Sean; Menges, Achim
year	2011
title	Behavior-based Computational Design Methodologies: Integrative processes for force defined material structures
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.082
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 82-89
summary	With the introduction of physics-based algorithms and modeling environments, design processes have been shifting from the representation of materiality to the simulation of approximate material descriptions. Such computational processes are based upon enacting physical and material behavior, such as gravity, drag, tension, bending, and inflation, within a generative modeling environment. What is often lacking from this strategy is an overall understanding of computational design; that information of increasing value and precision is generated through the development and iterative execution of specific principles and integrative mechanisms. The value of a physics-based modeling method as an information engine is often overlooked, though, as they are primarily utilized for developing representational diagrams or static geometry – inevitably translated to function outside of the physical bounds and parameters defined with the modeling process. The definition of computational design provides a link between process and a larger approach towards architecture – an integrative behavior-based process which develops dynamic specific architectural systems interrelated in their material, spatial, and environmental nature. This paper, focusing on material integration, describes the relation of a computational design approach and the technical framework for a behavior-based integrative process. The application is in the development of complex tension-active architectural systems. The material behavior of tensile meshes and surfaces is integrated and algorithmically calibrated to allow for complex geometries to be materialized as physical systems. Ultimately, this research proposes a computational structure by which material and other sorts of spatial or structural behaviors can be activated within a generative design environment.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2011_361
id	sigradi2011_361
authors	El-Zanfaly, Dina
year	2011
title	Active Shapes. Introducing guidelines for designing kinetic architectural structures
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 176-179
summary	This paper proposes guidelines for designing kinetic architectural structures, in which rules based on Shape Grammars are used for motion capturing and design. There is an increasing demand for adaptive architecture that reconfigures itself physically to meet functional or climatic changes. These guidelines provide a way for the designer to describe and design novel kinetic structures. Based on Shape Grammars, the rule A ->t(A) is introduced. (A) means an Active Shape, that is a physical shape with motion observed or created by the designer.t(A) means a new Active Shape produced by applying one or more transformations t on the original Active Shape to produce a novel motion.
keywords	MotionGrammars; Kinetic Architectural Design; Shape Grammars.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:51

_id	ecaade2011_013
id	ecaade2011_013
authors	Fleischmann, Moritz; Lienhard, Julian; Menges, Achim
year	2011
title	Computational Design Synthesis: Embedding Material Behaviour in Generative Computational Processes
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.759
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.759-767
summary	This paper presents strategies for the design of bending-active structures through the introduction of modern computational design methods, exploring their architectural potential through contemporary means of design, engineering and robotic manufacturing. As a case study the ICD/ITKE research pavilion’s information modeling process is depicted: how form-finding experiments guided the development of various models that synthesize data for design, simulation, analysis and fabrication. The paper explains the integration of relevant material information into generative computational design processes and concludes by comparing the resultant data models with a scan of the built prototype.
wos	WOS:000335665500088
keywords	Computational Design; Bending-Active Structures; Robotic Fabrication; Computer-Aided Manufacturing; Information Modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	sigradi2011_060
id	sigradi2011_060
authors	Fonseca, David; Navarro, Isidro; Puig, Janina
year	2011
title	Códigos QR aplicados a la visualización de elementos arquitectónicos [QR Codes applied to architectural visualization ]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 548-551
summary	In recent years it has popularized the use of two-dimensional codes associated with all types of information. Usually we can find them in advertisements, receipts and all kinds of tickets, but also they can have good use in teaching. The architecture is a field that has incorporated its use especially in aspects related to leisure and tourism. The research presented in this paper seeks the introduction of QR codes in an active way in architectural education, with the optimization of all type of information associated to each type of user and projects.
keywords	QR-Codes; architecture; education; visualization; user profile
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	acadia11_396
id	acadia11_396
authors	Lim, Jason
year	2011
title	Let’s Work Together: A Stigmergic Approach to Acoustic Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.396
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 396-403
summary	This paper explores the application of agent-based modeling techniques to the domain of acoustics design. Concepts derived from Stigmergy, which is a class of mechanisms that mediate interactions between social organisms, are applied to a custom implementation of a raytracing based acoustics simulator. Rays are given the agency of changing the geometric and material properties of the surfaces they come in contact with during the raytracing phase. The acoustic simulation process is an active one, where the modeled room environment is adapted while being evaluated. Given performance criteria as input, the simulation process is applied to an auditorium example. The auditorium is adapted and its eventual emergent design has improved acoustic performance. It is hoped that this work will demonstrate the potential of coupling multi-agent systems with simulation processes in order to create new design tools.
series	ACADIA
type	work in progress
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

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