Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2011_p019
id	cf2011_p019
authors	Haeusler, Matthias Hank; Beilharz Kirsty
year	2011
title	Architecture = Computer‚ from Computational to Computing Environments
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 217-232.
summary	Drawing on architecture, urban digital media, engineering, IT and interaction design, the research presented in this paper outlines a possible shift from architecture designed through computation (any type of process, algorithm or measurement done in a computational matter) towards architecture capable of computing (developing, using and improving computer technology, computer hardware and software as a space-defining element). The research is driven by recent developments in four fields, as follows: (a) Architecture in its recent development has shifted from a planar box, as was the ideal in the modernist movement, towards complex and non-standard forms. (b) The design concepts of non-standard surfaces have been adopted into media facades and media architecture by liberating the pixel from its planar position on a screen [1]. (c) Advancements in pervasive computing applications are now able both to receive information from the environment in which they are used and to detect other devices that enter this environment [2]. (d) Developments in advanced autonomous systems such as Human Computer Interaction (HCI) or Human Robot Interaction (HRI), have produced intelligent systems capable of observing human cues and using these cues as the basis for intelligent decision-making [3]. Media fa_ßade developments work in the direction of the above-mentioned four fields, but often come with limitations in architectural integration; they need additional components to interact with their environment and their interactions are both often limited to visual interactions and require the user to act first. The researched system, Polymedia Pixel [4] discussed in this paper, can overcome these limitations and fulfil the need for a space-defining material capable of computing, thus enabling a shift from architecture designed by computation towards architecture capable of active computing. The Polymedia Pixel architecture merges digital technology with ubiquitous computing. This allows the built environment and its relation with digital technology to develop from (a) architecture being represented by computer to (b) computation being used to develop architecture and then further to where (c) architecture and the space-defining objects have computing attributes. Hence the study presented aims to consider and answer this key question: ‚ÄòWhen building components with computing capacity can define space and function as a computer at the same time, what are the constraints for the building components and what are the possible advantages for the built environment?‚Äô The conceptual framework, design and methods used in this research combine three fields: (a) hardware (architecture and design, electronic engineering) (b) software (content design and IT) and (c) interaction design (HCI and HRI). Architecture and urban design determinates the field of application. Media architecture and computer science provide the technological foundation, while the field of interaction design defines the methodology to link space and computing [5]. The conceptual starting point is to rethink the application of computers in architecture and, if architecture is capable of computing, what kind of methodology and structure would find an answer to the above core research question, and what are the implications of the question itself? The case study discusses opportunities for applying the Polymedia Pixel as an architectural component by testing it on: (a) constraint testing ‚Äì applying computational design methodologies to design space (b) singular testing - discussing the advantages for an individual building, and (c) plural testing ‚Äì investigating the potential for an urban context. The research aims to contribute to the field of knowledge through presenting first steps of a System < - > System mode where buildings can possibly watch and monitor each other, additional to the four primary interactive modes of operation. This investigation, its proposed hypothesis, methodology, implications, significance and evaluation are presented in the paper.
keywords	media architecture, computational environments, ubiquitous computing, interaction design, computer science
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cdrf2023_235
id	cdrf2023_235
authors	Mohsen Kafaei, Jane Burry, Mehrnoush Latifi, Joseph Ciorciari
year	2023
title	Designing a Systematic Experiment to Investigate the Effect of Ambient Smell on Human Emotions in the Indoor Space; Introducing a Mixed-Method Approach
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_20
source	Proceedings of the 2023 DigitalFUTURES The 5st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2023)
summary	Studies have indicated that built environments affect all aspects of human life such as emotion, perception, behavior, health, and well-being (Cooper et al. 2011). Built environments are formed from the combination and juxtaposition of visible and invisible environmental variables. In recent years, common techniques such as virtual reality, augmented reality, digital twins, and artificial intelligence have enabled researchers in the field of architecture and urban design to simulate environmental conditions to investigate the impacts of environmental variables on humans. However, the studies conducted in this field of human comfort are mostly focused on the impact of environmental variables such as form, temperature, humidity, and sound, and in fewer studies, up-to-date methods and technologies have been used to simulate and investigate the impact of smell on humans. Most of the studies that have investigated the effect of ambient smell on humans, carried out in the discipline of architecture and urban design, have used traditional tools and methods (questionnaire, interview, observation) rather than advanced technology and tools drawing on neuroscientific knowledge and technique to measure the effectiveness of the ambient smell on human. They have used unmasked scents or real-world environments rather than being able to simulate environmental conditions. This article highlights the significance and necessity of employing simulation methods to investigate the impact of environmental smells on humans. Additionally, it presents the methodology of an experiment for studying the effect of indoor environment smells (with a case study of an office environment in the initial phases) on human emotions, utilizing a mixed-method approach. Analysis of some parts of the data from this experiment showed that exposure to the fragrance of the jasmine flower pleasant (flower) and the odor of the rotten orange peel (unpleasant) can cause changes in the electroencephalography (EEG) power across different bands among participants.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:04

_id	ijac20109102
id	ijac20109102
authors	Yeung Wendy K.; Jeremy Harkins
year	2011
title	Digital Architecture for Humanitarian Design in Post-Disaster Reconstruction
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 9 - no. 1, 17-32
summary	Digital tools and computational design processes are rapidly changing architecture. Nonetheless their applications in humanitarian design remain under researched. Generative algorithmic design is particularly useful in humanitarian design and post disaster reconstruction. Firstly, the extreme conditions in these contexts pose many constraints that can be parametricised and form the basis of a parametric design. Secondly, optimal use of scarce resources are enabled by integrating these interrelated performance requirements. Thirdly, a robust model definition afforded through parametric modelling enables a mass customised design to adjust for different site and user requirements, and most importantly it allows improvements in subsequent design based on community evaluation. As part of an ongoing research in fusing advanced computational techniques in humanitarian architecture, the post-tsunami rebuilding program of Emergency Architects Australia in the Solomon Islands is presented as a case study to identify successes, opportunities and limitations of a system of digital tools.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	caadria2011_007
id	caadria2011_007
authors	Ko, Kaon and Salvator-John Liotta
year	2011
title	Digital tea house: Japanese tea ceremony as a pretext for exploring parametric design and digital fabrication in architectural education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.071
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 71-80
summary	This paper reviews the Digital Tea House, a joint workshop in August of 2010 held at the University of Tokyo, Department of Architecture, together with Columbia University GSAPP. Three pavilions for hosting ceremony were designed and built in less than one month, in an attempt to bridge technology and culture not only through design but also fabrication. Issues addressed in the process included applications of computational design, interpretations of tradition and culture in spatial or activity oriented expressions, structural stability, to practical solutions for quick physical materialization. Three teams comprised of 6 to 8 students, each a blend of different nationalities, ultimately produced 3 full-scale tea houses with the same software, primary material, budget, and principal fabrication method.
keywords	Digital fabrication; academic workshop; computational design; design-build; tea house
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaade2011_099
id	ecaade2011_099
authors	Ahlquist, Sean; Menges, Achim
year	2011
title	Methodological Approach for the Integration of Material Information and Performance in the Design Computation for Tension-Active Architectural Systems
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.799
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.799-808
summary	As computational design processes have moved from representation to simulation, the focus has shifted towards advanced integration of performance as a form defining measure. Performance, though, is often assessed purely on the level of geometry and stratified between hierarchically independent layers. When looking at tension-active membrane systems, performance is integrated across multiple levels and with only the membrane material itself, defining the structural, spatial and atmospheric qualities. The research described in this paper investigates the integrative nature of this type of lightweight structure and proposes methodologies for generating highly articulated and differentiated systems. As material is a critical component, the research focuses on a system-based approach which places priority on the inclusion of material research and parameterization into a behavior-based computational process.
wos	WOS:000335665500092
keywords	Material behavior; material computation; system; gestalt; tension-active system
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	cf2011_p135
id	cf2011_p135
authors	Chen Rui, Irene; Schnabel Marc Aurel
year	2011
title	Multi-touch - the future of design interaction
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 557-572.
summary	The next major revolution for design is to bring the natural user interaction into design activities. Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) brought a new approach that was more effective compared to their conventional predecessors. In recent years, Natural User Interfaces (NUI) have advanced user experiences and multi-touch and gesture technologies provide new opportunities for a variety of potential uses in design. Much attention has been paid to leverage in the design of interactive interfaces. The mouse input and desktop screen metaphors limit the information sharing for multiple users and also delayed the direct interaction for communication between each other. This paper proposes the innovative method by integrating game engine ‘Unity3D’ with multi-touch tangible interfaces. Unity3D provides a game development tool as part of its application package that has been designed to let users to focus on creating new games. However, it does not limit the usage of area to design additional game scenarios since the benefits of Unity3D is allowing users to build 3D environments with its customizable and easy to use editor, graphical pipelines to openGL (http://unity3d.com/, 2010 ). It creates Virtual Reality (VR) environments which can simulates places in the real world, as well as the virtual environments helping architects and designers to vividly represent their design concepts through 3D visualizations, and interactive media installations in a detailed multi-sensory experience. Stereoscopic displays advanced their spatial ability while solving issues to design e.g. urban spaces. The paper presents how a multi-touch tabletop can be used for these design collaboration and communication tasks. By using natural gestures, designers can now communicate and share their ideas by manipulating the same reference simultaneously using their own input simultaneously. Further studies showed that 3Dl forms are perceived and understood more readily through haptic and proprioceptive perception of tangible representations than through visual representation alone (Gillet et al, 2005). Based on the authors’ framework presented at the last CAADFutures, the benefits of integrating 3D visualization and tactile sensory can be illustrated in this platform (Chen and Wang, 2009), For instance, more than one designer can manipulate the 3D geometry objects on tabletop directly and can communicate successfully their ideas freely without having to waiting for the next person response. It made the work more effective which increases the overall efficiency. Designers can also collect the real-time data by any change they make instantly. The possibilities of Uniy3D make designing very flexible and fun, it is deeply engaging and expressive. Furthermore, the unity3D is revolutionizing the game development industry, its breakthrough development platform for creating highly interactive 3D content on the web (http://unity3d.com/ , 2010) or similar to the interface of modern multimedia devices such as the iPhone, therefore it allows the designers to work remotely in a collaborative way to integrate the design process by using the individual mobile devices while interacting design in a common platform. In design activities, people create an external representation of a domain, often of their own ideas and understanding. This platform helps learners to make their ideas concrete and explicit, and once externalized, subsequently they reflect upon their work how well it sits the real situation. The paper demonstrates how this tabletop innovatively replaces the typical desktop metaphor. In summary, the paper addresses two major issues through samples of collaborative design: firstly presenting aspects of learners’ interactions with physical objects, whereby tangible interfaces enables them constructing expressive representations passively (Marshall, 2007), while focussing on other tasks; and secondly showing how this novel design tool allows designers to actively create constructions that might not be possible with conventional media.
keywords	Multi-touch tabletop, Tangible User Interface
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	sigradi2011_387
id	sigradi2011_387
authors	Fernandez, Monica Inés; Bonvecchi, Liliana
year	2011
title	Realidad digital avanzada. Aproximación holística a la construcción del espacio urbano [Advanced digital reality. Holistic approach to the construction of the urban space]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 193-196
summary	From the education in architecture, we noticed the need to promote theoretical and critical reflection to contribute effectively in the training of professionals to diagnose problems; to promote the creative use of technology; and design interfaces to mediate through networks and virtual-real-joint trans-actions. This work concerns the study of alternative architectural language, that emphasizing the ethical responsibility of architecture, contribute to the architectural and urban viability Planned activities involve the operation of technological equipment, and are aimed at Advanced Digital Reality, to lead the construction of models, human resources training and applications in specific contexts designed to promote social inclusion.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:51

_id	ecaade2011_092
id	ecaade2011_092
authors	Hulin, Jaroslav; Pavlicek, Jiri; Kaftan, Martin
year	2011
title	Parametric bus stop shelters in rural areas: Automating custom design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.485
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.485-490
summary	This paper describes the first stage of an applied research project that explores parametric design strategies in a context of rural bus stop shelters. The aim of the research is to propose a possible method for improving current state of public infrastructure in rural locations of the Czech Republic. The research project examines, in a practical way, how advanced design techniques and new technologies could help architects and designers participate in some areas of the building industry that have been out of reach of professional designers. Rural bus stop shelters in Czech Republic serve as an example of one particular ‘unreachable’ area. During the first stage of the research (described in this paper), we developed a parametric system of design and production of a bus stop shelter and we commissioned a fully functional prototype to be built. In the outlook of the research, participation of users in the design process is outlined.
wos	WOS:000335665500056
keywords	Parametric design; mass customization; participatory design; bus stop shelters
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia11_48
id	acadia11_48
authors	Novak, Marcos
year	2011
title	AlloPolis and Kami: Manifesto toward the computational composition of the new polis
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.048
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 48-51
summary	Much of what computers allow us to do is spectacular. Indeed, much of current architectural production is better than before if considered objectively — better engineered, more efficient, more ergonomic — and yet, much is also curiously devoid of meaning. Like the spectacular display of ergonomically designed and computer manufactured shoes at a “lifestyle” shoe store, the designs are advanced, clever, and inventive — but to what end? Let me quickly underscore that this is not just a problem for architecture, indeed, the same can be said for just about every mode of production; there is more of everything — and less absorption of anything significant — and less to absorb, even.
series	ACADIA
type	keynote paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ecaade2011_037
id	ecaade2011_037
authors	Vergopoulos, Stavros; Gourdoukis, Dimitris
year	2011
title	Operating within Fragile Environments: Operating within Fragile Environments
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.768
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.768-778
summary	As the architectural community becomes more and more “aware” of the ecological problems that our environment faces, digital tools gain a prominent position in the attempts to inform the design process with environmental sensibilities. However digital tools could provide more than the means to evaluate the energy efficiency of a design. The paper discusses the possible ‘digital-to-analogue’ design methodologies that are developed through the use of advanced computational techniques, alongside with material explorations, through example-projects designed and constructed by the students of the School of Architecture of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki during an intensive, one week workshop.
wos	WOS:000335665500089
keywords	Responsive Action; Digital & Analogue Processes; Design Protocols
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	cf2011_p109
id	cf2011_p109
authors	Abdelmohsen, Sherif; Lee Jinkook, Eastman Chuck
year	2011
title	Automated Cost Analysis of Concept Design BIM Models
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 403-418.
summary	AUTOMATED COST ANALYSIS OF CONCEPT DESIGN BIM MODELS Interoperability: BIM models and cost models This paper introduces the automated cost analysis developed for the General Services Administration (GSA) and the analysis results of a case study involving a concept design courthouse BIM model. The purpose of this study is to investigate interoperability issues related to integrating design and analysis tools; specifically BIM models and cost models. Previous efforts to generate cost estimates from BIM models have focused on developing two necessary but disjoint processes: 1) extracting accurate quantity take off data from BIM models, and 2) manipulating cost analysis results to provide informative feedback. Some recent efforts involve developing detailed definitions, enhanced IFC-based formats and in-house standards for assemblies that encompass building models (e.g. US Corps of Engineers). Some commercial applications enhance the level of detail associated to BIM objects with assembly descriptions to produce lightweight BIM models that can be used by different applications for various purposes (e.g. Autodesk for design review, Navisworks for scheduling, Innovaya for visual estimating, etc.). This study suggests the integration of design and analysis tools by means of managing all building data in one shared repository accessible to multiple domains in the AEC industry (Eastman, 1999; Eastman et al., 2008; authors, 2010). Our approach aims at providing an integrated platform that incorporates a quantity take off extraction method from IFC models, a cost analysis model, and a comprehensive cost reporting scheme, using the Solibri Model Checker (SMC) development environment. Approach As part of the effort to improve the performance of federal buildings, GSA evaluates concept design alternatives based on their compliance with specific requirements, including cost analysis. Two basic challenges emerge in the process of automating cost analysis for BIM models: 1) At this early concept design stage, only minimal information is available to produce a reliable analysis, such as space names and areas, and building gross area, 2) design alternatives share a lot of programmatic requirements such as location, functional spaces and other data. It is thus crucial to integrate other factors that contribute to substantial cost differences such as perimeter, and exterior wall and roof areas. These are extracted from BIM models using IFC data and input through XML into the Parametric Cost Engineering System (PACES, 2010) software to generate cost analysis reports. PACES uses this limited dataset at a conceptual stage and RSMeans (2010) data to infer cost assemblies at different levels of detail. Functionalities Cost model import module The cost model import module has three main functionalities: generating the input dataset necessary for the cost model, performing a semantic mapping between building type specific names and name aggregation structures in PACES known as functional space areas (FSAs), and managing cost data external to the BIM model, such as location and construction duration. The module computes building data such as footprint, gross area, perimeter, external wall and roof area and building space areas. This data is generated through SMC in the form of an XML file and imported into PACES. Reporting module The reporting module uses the cost report generated by PACES to develop a comprehensive report in the form of an excel spreadsheet. This report consists of a systems-elemental estimate that shows the main systems of the building in terms of UniFormat categories, escalation, markups, overhead and conditions, a UniFormat Level III report, and a cost breakdown that provides a summary of material, equipment, labor and total costs. Building parameters are integrated in the report to provide insight on the variations among design alternatives.
keywords	building information modeling, interoperability, cost analysis, IFC
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p157
id	cf2011_p157
authors	Boton, Conrad; Kubicki Sylvain, Halin Gilles
year	2011
title	Understanding Pre-Construction Simulation Activities to Adapt Visualization in 4D CAD Collaborative Tools
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 477-492.
summary	Increasing productivity and efficiency is an important issue in the AEC field. This area is mainly characterized by fragmentation, heterogeneous teams with low lifetimes and many uncertainties. 4D CAD is one of the greatest innovations in recent years. It consists in linking a 3D model of the building with the works planning in order to simulate the construction evolution over time. 4D CAD can fill several needs from design to project management through constructivity analysis and tasks planning (Tommelein 2003). The literature shows that several applications have been proposed to improve the 4D CAD use (Chau et al. 2004; Lu et al. 2007; Seok & al. 2009). In addition, studies have shown the real impact of 4D CAD use in construction projects (Staub-French & Khanzode 2007; Dawood & Sika 2007). More recently, Mahalingam et al. (2010) showed that the collaborative use of 4D CAD is particularly useful during the pre-construction phase for comparing the constructability of working methods, for visually identifying conflicts and clashes (overlaps), and as visual tool for practitioners to discuss and to plan project progress. So the advantage of the 4D CAD collaborative use is demonstrated. Moreover, several studies have been conducted both in the scientific community and in the industrial world to improve it (Zhou et al. 2009; Kang et al. 2007). But an important need that remains in collaborative 4D CAD use in construction projects is about the adaptation of visualization to the users business needs. Indeed, construction projects have very specific characteristics (fragmentation, variable team, different roles from one project to another). Moreover, in the AEC field several visualization techniques can represent the same concept and actors choose one or another of these techniques according to their specific needs related to the task they have to perform. For example, the tasks planning may be represented by a Gantt chart or by a PERT network and the building elements can be depicted with a 3D model or a 2D plan. The classical view (3D + Gantt) proposed to all practitioners in the available 4D tools seems therefore not suiting the needs of all. So, our research is based on the hypothesis that adapting the visualization to individual business needs could significantly improve the collaboration. This work relies on previous ones and aim to develop a method 1) to choose the best suited views for performed tasks and 2) to compose adapted multiple views for each actor, that we call ‚Äúbusiness views‚Äù. We propose a 4 steps-method to compose business views. The first step identifies the users‚Äô business needs, defining the individual practices performed by each actor, identifying his business tasks and his information needs. The second step identifies the visualization needs related to the identified business needs. For this purpose, the user‚Äôs interactions and visualization tasks are described. This enables choosing the most appropriate visualization techniques for each need (step 3). At this step, it is important to describe the visualization techniques and to be able to compare them. Therefore, we proposed a business view metamodel. The final step (step 4) selects the adapted views, defines the coordination mechanisms and the interaction principles in order to compose coordinated visualizations. A final step consists in a validation work to ensure that the composed views really match to the described business needs. This paper presents the latest version of the method and especially presents our latest works about its first and second steps. These include making more generic the business tasks description in order to be applicable within most of construction projects and enabling to make correspondence with visualization tasks.
keywords	Pre-construction, Simulation, 4D CAD, Collaboration, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Human-Computer Interface, Information visualization, Business view, Model driven engineering
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	caadria2011_057
id	caadria2011_057
authors	Fraser, Matthew and Michael Donn
year	2011
title	Thinking through digital simulation tasks in architectural education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.599
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 599-608
summary	This study reports the activities of 80 second year architecture students at Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand for the duration of a single trimester. A central theme in this studio is the framing of day-lighting problems into a quantifiable investigation and then addressing these through the use of digital modelling and simulation tools. This study offers an insight to undergraduate architecture students’ negotiation of digital design spaces and asks the question of how the knowledge of skill-based specialist tasks are extensible to core design studio.The mass education within a University environment of such specialist skill based techniques allows for an insight to the negotiation of quantitative and qualitative design criteria. The issue of learning skill based tasks at university level is a pertinent topic of study as the critique of such techniques is implicit to the holistic education of Architects but the level of this critique can vary greatly. This question also highlights the challenges faced to improving the design education approaches to computational thinking and applications.
keywords	Design analysis; daylight simulation; education
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ijac20119401
id	ijac20119401
authors	Ko, Kaon; Salvator-John Liotta
year	2011
title	Decoding Culture Parametrically: Digital Tea House Case Studies
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 9 - no. 4, 325-338
summary	This paper reviews the Digital Tea House, a workshop held at the University of Tokyo with the aim to build three pavilions for hosting tea ceremony.As first attempts on cultivating formal innovations resulting from digital design process applied to construction of tea houses, the works convey that parametric design can be a mechanism through which architects are able to produce new images of a tea house and renew its conceptual meanings, and that it can be a tool to retain architecture convergent with cultural values.The authors analyze issues addressed in the workshop that range from applications of computational design, interpretations of tradition, structural stability, to solutions for quick physical materialization within limited time and budget.This paper clarifies the following: First, that parametric processes are not contradictory to traditional cultural principles; and second, how traditional elements of the tea house were decoded and formally reinterpreted through parametric designs.
series	journal
last changed	2019/07/30 10:55

_id	c04a
id	c04a
authors	Krause D, Derix C and Gamlesaeter A
year	2011
title	The Virtual Building Simulator: a Post-Parametric Spatial Planning Environment
source	Proceedings of Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, Weimar, 2011
summary	The described research of Fraunhofer IAO and AEDAS CDR examines the potential of post-parametric computational design together with immersive methods like Virtual Reality. The industrial approach of frontloading identifies the early design stage as crucial for all subsequent processes and the overall sustainability of future building projects. There VR together with innovative planning simulation methods allow to manage building models as complex systems for long-term planning reliability from construction to building operation. The Virtual Building Simulator represents a prototype of a design platform where the designer-user can immersive himself via VR into the interactive spatial formation process. The process synthesizes parametric constraints with design intent and algorithmic behavioural logics.
keywords	Knowledge-based Processes, Algorithmic Design, Spatial Planning, VRfx
series	other
type	normal paper
email
more	http://aedasresearch.com/files/publications/CONVR_2011_Paper_Virtual_Building_Simulator_finish.pdf
last changed	2012/09/20 17:19

_id	sigradi2023_108
id	sigradi2023_108
authors	Passos, Aderson, Jorge, Luna, Cavalcante, Ana, Sampaio, Hugo, Moreira, Eugenio and Cardoso, Daniel
year	2023
title	Urban Morphology and Solar Incidence in Public Spaces - an Exploratory Correlation Analysis Through a CIM System
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 1655–1666
summary	The walkability of open spaces has been highlighted in current discussions about the production of designed environments in urban contexts (Matan, 2011). To contribute to this theme, this work selects the environmental comfort of open spaces as its element of study. The production of urban space was investigated, specifically in regard to urban morphology, understanding that city design directly influences environmental comfort (Jacobs, 1996). This work addresses the geographic context of low latitudes, specifically in hot and humid climate zones of Brazil, and, in this context, according to NBR 15220 (national performance standards), shading is one of the main comfort strategies, so solar incidence was the approached environmental phenomenon. Thus, this work presents a digital system that performs exploratory analysis on the correlations between urban form indicators and environmental performance indicators, specifically solar incidence. The method consists of three steps: urban form modeling (1), indicator measurement (2) and correlation analysis (3). In the first stage, different spatial sections of a city in Brazil were represented in the digital environment (1). This work’s implementation instrument is based on a City Information Modeling framework (Beirao et al., 2012). Visual Programming Interface (VPI) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools were used, in addition to a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS). Then, for each urban clipping, the values of morphological indicators and the incidence of solar radiation were measured (2). Based on the values of the indicators, an exploration of their correlation was carried out by statistical methods (3). The results of the correlation analysis and their correspondent scatter plots are presented. Finally, possible applications of the results for the creation of prescriptive urban planning systems are discussed, seeking to promote a sustainable urban environment.
keywords	Urban planning, Environmental comfort, Walkability, Urban morphology, Statistical methods.
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:09

_id	cf2011_p104
id	cf2011_p104
authors	Sherif, Ahmed; El Zafarany Abbas
year	2011
title	Designing the Window to Fit a Shading Device, A Reversed Method for Optimizing Energy Efficient Fenestration
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 383-399.
summary	Solar radiation passing through a window contributes significantly to cooling loads and energy consumption, especially in hot climates. Most CAAD tools handling energy efficient design help designers to define the optimal shading device to protect a window of a certain shape, usually a rectangle, but some parts of the rectangular window (such as lower corners) are typically difficult to protect. Usually the whole shading device becomes bigger to shade these corners, which over-shades the rest of the window, increasing artificial lighting and heating loads. It also increases the complexity, visual impact and cost of the shading device. Changing the shape of the window by cutting these corners may reduce the size of the shading device considerably, which opens way to a different –or even a reversed- approach: “Designing the window to fit a shading device instead of designing the shading device to fit the window!” This approach has several potential applications. The building form itself sometimes works implicitly as a shading device. For example, if the building plan shape is a U or L shape, some parts of the walls become shaded, the windows can be placed in these shaded parts, and the window shape can be designed to fit the shadow pattern caused by the building form, changes in the building profile gives similar chances to design windows that fit the shadow pattern. Conceptually, this approach makes energy efficiency a form giving attribute, helping to create innovative facades, while giving an energy efficient configuration for both window and its shading device. CAAD tools can help the designer adopt such an innovative approach, by proposing the window shape that suits an arbitrary shading device created by the designer or a building mass. This paper examines the validity of the approach and introduces the approach required for developing a software module that can be integrated with other CAAD tools such as the Ecotect software. This would enable the designers to use this approach. The method handles the complexity of time-dependent solar geometry and radiation intensity, the geometry of both the window and shading device, and the designers set of objectives, enabling the designer to define the required configuration of window and shading device.
keywords	Energy Efficiency, Low Energy Architecture, Windows, Shading Devices, Algorithm, Oprimization
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p060
id	cf2011_p060
authors	Sheward, Hugo; Eastman Charles
year	2011
title	Preliminary Concept Design (PCD) Tools for Laboratory Buildings, Automated Design Optimization and Assessment Embedded in Building Information Modeling (BIM) Tools.
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 451-476.
summary	The design of laboratory buildings entails the implementation of a variety of design constraints such as building codes; design guidelines and technical requirements. The application of these requires from designers the derivation of data not explicitly available at early stages of design, at the same time there is no precise methodology to control the consistency, and accuracy of their application. Many of these constraints deal with providing secure environmental conditions for the activities inside laboratories and their repercussions both for the building occupants and population in general, these constraints mandate a strict control over the building‚Äôs Mechanical Equipment (MEP), in particular the Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. Due to the importance of these laboratory designers are expected to assess their designs not only according spatial relationships, but also design variables such as HVAC efficiency, air pressure hierarchies, operational costs, and the possible implications of their design decisions in the biological safety of the facility. At this point in time, there are no practical methods for making these assessments, without having constant interaction with HVAC specialists. The assessment of laboratory design variables, particularly those technical in nature, such as dimensioning of ducts or energy consumption are usually performed at late stages of design. They are performed by domain experts using data manually extracted from design information, with the addition of domain specific knowledge, the evaluation is done mostly through manual calculations or building simulations. In traditional practices most expert evaluations are performed once the architectural design have been completed, the turn around of the evaluation might take hours or days depending on the methods used by the engineer, therefore reducing the possibility for design alternatives evaluation. The results of these evaluations will give clues about sizing of the HVAC equipment, and might generate the need for design reformulations, causing higher development costs and time delays. Several efforts in the development of computational tools for automated design evaluation such as wheel chair accessibility (Han, Law, Latombe, Kunz, 2002) security and circulation (Eastman, 2009), and construction codes (ww.Corenet.gov.sg) have demonstrated the capabilities of rule or parameter based building assessment; several computer applications capable of supporting HVAC engineers in system designing for late concept or design development exist, but little has been done to assess the capabilities of computer applications to support laboratory design during architectural Preliminary Concept Design(PCD) (Trcka, Hensen, 2010). Developments in CAD technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) have opened doors to formal explorations in generative design using rule based or parametric modeling [7]. BIM represents buildings as a collection of objects with their own geometry, attributes, and relations. BIM also allows for the definition of objects parametrically including their relation to other model objects. BIM has enabled the development of automated rule based building evaluation (Eastman, 2009). Most of contemporary BIM applications contemplate in their default user interfaces access to design constraints and object attribute manipulations. Some even allow for the application of rules over these. Such capabilities make BIM viable platforms for automation of design data derivation and for the implementation of generative based design assessment. In this paper we analyze the possibilities provided by contemporary BIM for implementing generative based design assessment in laboratory buildings. In this schema, domain specific knowledge is embedded in to the BIM system as to make explicit design metrics that can help designers and engineers to assess the performance of design alternatives. The implementation of generative design assessments during PCD can help designers and engineers to identify design issues early in the process, reducing the number of revisions and reconfigurations in later stages of design. And generally improving design performance.
keywords	Heating ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC), Building Information Models (BIM), Generative Design Assessment
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p018
id	cf2011_p018
authors	Sokmenoglu, Ahu; Cagdas Gulen, Sariyildiz Sevil
year	2011
title	A Multi-dimensional Exploration of Urban Attributes by Data Mining
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 333-350.
summary	The paper which is proposed here will introduce an ongoing research project aiming to research data mining as a methodology of knowledge discovery in urban feature analysis. To address the increasing multi-dimensional and relational complexity of urban environments requires a multidisciplinary approach to urban analysis. This research is an attempt to establish a link between knowledge discovery methodologies and automated urban feature analysis. Therefore, in the scope of this research we apply data mining methodologies for urban analysis. Data mining is defined as to extract important patterns and trends from raw data (Witten and Frank, 2005). When applied to discover relationships between urban attributes, data mining can constitute a methodology for the analysis of multi-dimensional relational complexity of urban environments (Gil, Montenegro, Beirao and Duarte, 2009) The theoretical motivation of the research is derived by the lack of explanatory urban knowledge which is an issue since 1970‚Äôs in the area of urban research. This situation is mostly associated with deductive methods of analysis. The analysis of urban system from the perspective of few interrelated factors, without considering the multi-dimensionality of the system in a deductive fashion was not been explanatory enough. (Jacobs, 1961, Lefebvre, 1970 Harvey, 1973) To address the multi-dimensional and relational complexity of urban environments requires the consideration of diverse spatial, social, economic, cultural, morphological, environmental, political etc. features of urban entities. The main claim is that, in urban analysis, there is a need to advance from traditional one dimensional (Marshall, 2004) description and classification of urban forms (e.g. Land-use maps, Density maps) to the consideration of the simultaneous multi-dimensionality of urban systems. For this purpose, this research proposes a methodology consisting of the application of data mining as a knowledge discovery method into a GIS based conceptual urban database built out of official real data of Beyoglu. Generally, the proposed methodology is a framework for representing and analyzing urban entities represented as objects with properties (attributes). It concerns the formulation of an urban entity‚Äôs database based on both available and non-available (constructed from available data) data, and then data mining of spatial and non-spatial attributes of the urban entities. Location or position is the primary reference basis for the data that is describing urban entities. Urban entities are; building floors, buildings, building blocks, streets, geographically defined districts and neighborhoods etc. Urban attributes are district properties of locations (such as land-use, land value, slope, view and so forth) that change from one location to another. Every basic urban entity is unique in terms of its attributes. All the available qualitative and quantitative attributes that is relavant (in the mind of the analyst) and appropriate for encoding, can be coded inside the computer representation of the basic urban entity. Our methodology is applied by using the real and official, the most complex, complete and up-to-dataset of Beyoglu (a historical neighborhood of Istanbul) that is provided by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IBB). Basically, in our research, data mining in the context of urban data is introduced as a computer based, data-driven, context-specific approach for supporting analysis of urban systems without relying on any existing theories. Data mining in the context of urban data; ‚Ä¢ Can help in the design process by providing site-specific insight through deeper understanding of urban data. ‚Ä¢ Can produce results that can assist architects and urban planners at design, policy and strategy levels. ‚Ä¢ Can constitute a robust scientific base for rule definition in urban simulation applications such as urban growth prediction systems, land-use simulation models etc. In the paper, firstly we will present the framework of our research with an emphasis on its theoretical background. Afterwards we will introduce our methodology in detail and finally we will present some of important results of data mining analysis processed in Rapid Miner open-source software. Specifically, our research define a general framework for knowledge discovery in urban feature analysis and enable the usage of GIS and data mining as complementary applications in urban feature analysis. Acknowledgments I would like to thank to Nuffic, the Netherlands Organization for International Cooperation in Higher Education, for funding of this research. I would like to thank Ceyhun Burak Akgul for his support in Data Mining and to H. Serdar Kaya for his support in GIS.
keywords	urban feature analysis, data mining, urban database, urban complexity, GIS
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p120
id	cf2011_p120
authors	Veliz, Alejandro; Medjdoub Benachir, Kocaturk Tuba
year	2011
title	Bridging the Gap in Constraint-Based Design
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 133-148.
summary	Mass customization is one of the most promising computational developments in the AEC industry. Despite recent advances in the production of research-based knowledge, the professional practices lack of a consistent and permanent technology adoption scheme and remain as a very resilient and fragmented industry. This work is a part of an ongoing research project developing guidelines for improving both physical and virtual modeling processes within an architectural design context. Here, we present a customizable model of a space layout explorer. The implementation of the user-driven solution-finding process is based on constraint technology embedded in Autodesk’s Revit® 2011 macros tools, commonly used in the professional practice. The aim of this work is to demonstrate a practical use of a small constraint-based system on software of widespread use. Even though there is still a lack of building information, the model has already several applications in the definition a floor plan layout and in the comparison of several instances of the design solution in the 3D user view. User-driven modifications are not made directly through the 3D model, but through different explicit text tags that describe each parameter on 2D views -although a real time 3D visualization of the model is also available-. The main findings are discussed as guidelines for further research on the end-user involvement on a ‘creative mass customization’ scheme. Also, the implementation of visual aids such as text tags during the customization process can bridge some technical obstacles for the development of interfaces for constraint-based mass customization systems. Before the final discussion, some limitations on the use of this model are described.
keywords	collaborative design, mass customization, reality gap
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

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