Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	eaea2009_kardos_plachtinska
id	eaea2009_kardos_plachtinska
authors	Kardos, Peter; Petra Plachtinska
year	2011
title	Spatial Experience in Real & Virtual Environment as an Urban Design Tool
source	Projecting Spaces [Proceedings of the 9th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 978-3-942411-31-8 ], pp. 59-64
summary	The innovations of information technologies and the new possibilities of multimedia exploitation in the realm of architectural design and education are supporting the development of image communication methods on the basis of interactivity. The creative process of searching and decision-making in the urban design studio of our Faculty is supported by spatial modeling methods. The draft is sketched in modeling material on a working model. From the didactic point of view, relevant are mainly those phases, in which is possible, in the imaginative way, to support the searching and decision making process with the aim to test, compare and continuously evaluate the fulfillment of the hypothetic intentions of the solution responsibilities. The model becomes an interactive medium of cooperation between teacher and the working group of students. From the view of design crystallization, the dominant phases, in the creative process, are examining, verification, and simulation. The alternatives of material-compositional content and the spatial performance charts of modeled physical structure are verifying and the visual experience of the anticipated urban environment is simulated by the author, but also through the future client’s eyes. The alternation of the composition’s spatial configurations is generally appreciated by the static visual verification in the endoscopic horizon like the architectural spatial studies. The effective method of the progress generates a creative atmosphere for the generative thinking and design. The laboratory simulation of spatial experiences and their evaluation is performed following the perception psychology relations. The simulation of digestion of the new spatial reality intervenes the customer’s identification and guides to subjective approaches towards the quality and complexity of the formed environment. The simulation is performed in motion in order to be able to anticipate the dynamic continuity of subjective spatial imagination. The induced atmosphere will direct the evaluational attitudes of authors on comparison and selection of the successful alternatives. In our fee, we will present the demonstrations of selected static and dynamic notations of image sequences prepared in our laboratory. The presentations have been created in order to analyze, verify and offer imaginative support to creative findings in result of fulfilling the studio design tasks in the educational process. The main one is the design of urban spatial structures. The laboratory methodology is in the first place oriented on the analogue-digital procedures of "endoscope" model simulation. At the same time it also explores and looks for new unconventional forms of visual communication or archiving as imagination support to specialist and laymen participants in creative, valorization and approval processes.
series	other
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2011/03/04 08:45

_id	acadia11_40
id	acadia11_40
authors	Weinstock, Michael
year	2011
title	The Architecture of Flows: Integrated Infrastructures and the ‘Metasystem’ of Urban Metabolism
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 40-43
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.040
summary	The traditional approach to urban design studies has been based on what can be described as a generalised anatomical model, e.g., functional zoning coupled to metaphors such as green areas serving as the ‘lungs’ of cities. Despite the frequent use of biological metaphors, urban design has generally proceeded from an understanding of cities as static arrays of buildings and infrastructures that exist in, but are distinct from, stable environments. But this approach does not reflect the dynamic systems of cities throughout history, nor their close coupling to the dynamics of their local environment, climate and ecology, and now the global dynamics of culture and economy. The limitations of this approach, in which cities are treated as discrete artefacts, rather than nodes interconnected by multiple networks, are compounded by the legal and regulatory boundary of the city usually being defined as an older core, so that cities are regarded as something quite separate from their surrounding territory. All cities have administrative boundaries, but cities are very rarely either physically or energetically contained within those administrative boundaries. In the past, cities gathered most of the energy and materials they needed from their immediate local territory, and trade linked systems of cities across whole regions. The growth and vitality of many cities are no longer dependent on the spatial relationship with their immediate environs but on the regional and global flows of resources. The flow of materials, information and energy through cities comes from far outside their physical and regulatory (municipal) boundaries. Cities now extend their metabolic systems over very great distances, so that the extended territory of the urban metabolism of a city and its geographical ‘place’ are often completely decoupled.
series	ACADIA
type	keynote paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	acadia11_234
id	acadia11_234
authors	Chok, Kermin
year	2011
title	Progressive Spheres of Innovation: Efficiency, communication and collaboration
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 234-241
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.234
summary	Over the last few years, a large majority of construction work has moved overseas. In response to this, our engineering practice has been involved in a large number of Asian and Middle East design competitions, usually executed in a compressed timeframe. Building codes usually include very specific requirements regarding the lateral performance of a building under seismic and wind loads. This is especially true in China. Our structural engineering practice has thus developed a variety of digital tools customized to building code requirements, in order to provide relevant structural feedback in an appropriate design time frame. The paper will discuss our recent digital design work in the context of building code requirements and information sharing. Our innovations have centered on three progressive spheres of innovation: internal efficiency, communication and collaboration. We propose that only with closer and more transparent collaboration will the building industry be effective and efficient in meeting clients’ needs. However, without first addressing a firm’s internal capabilities of efficiency and communication, the firm will be unable to effectively participate in the collaborative process. This paper begins by discussing various custom Rhino-Grasshopper components to facilitate our internal design process. We then touch on the communication realm discussing work in lowering the barriers for information sharing. Lastly, we explore the necessary shifts in thinking required to move beyond linear design exploration and the exciting opportunity to deliver truly innovative design solutions.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2011_114
id	ecaade2011_114
authors	Droste, Stephan
year	2011
title	Turmitecture: A generic approach for autonomous topological generation
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.558-562
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.558
wos	WOS:000335665500064
summary	The paper describes and discusses a generic approach for generative design by Turing Machines operating on a three-dimensionally folded surface. It is part of an on going research on concurrent cooperative design processes in architecture. During the development of systems for simplified generic interaction in spatial design, it turned out that the basic operations are applicable to be processed by non-sophisticated automata. If the spatial configuration is interpreted as the medium for an ordinary state machine, the whole system adds up to a kind of Turing Machine. Since 2D-Turing Machines are often referred to as “turmites”, and the proposed system is based on a yet three-dimensional folded, but still twodimensional surface - the automaton will be called “Turmitect”.
keywords	Collaborative Design; Generative Design; Design Concepts; Shape Studies; Virtual Architecture
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ecaade2011_077
id	ecaade2011_077
authors	Ettlinger, Or
year	2011
title	The Perceptual, the Virtual, and the Real: On the experience of place in the digital age
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.925-932
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.925
wos	WOS:000335665500106
summary	Since the dawn of philosophical thought man has questioned the validity of his experience of the world around him: Is the world just as we perceive it to be, or does its true essence lie beyond our reach? In our own time, technological, social, and economic developments have made such philosophical concerns more relevant to our everyday lives than ever before. However, the available terminology for discussing such matters is often too limited to fully capture their nature. This paper proposes a consistent terminology for the discussion of such matters and suggests a model of the different aspects from which they are comprised. This terminology will be applied to, as well as presented through, issues that are pertinent to architectural theory, to the experience of places, and to the intangible sense of place which digital phenomena can sometimes provide.
keywords	Architectural theory; media theory; perceptual; virtual; real
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ecaade2012_261
id	ecaade2012_261
authors	Feringa, Jelle; Sondergaard, Asbjorn
year	2012
title	Design and Fabrication of Topologically Optimized Structures; An Integral Approach - A Close Coupling Form Generation and Fabrication
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 495-500
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.495
wos	WOS:000330320600052
summary	Integral structural optimization and fabrication seeks the synthesis of two original approaches; that of topological optimization (TO) and robotic hotwire cutting (HWC) (Mcgee 2011). TO allows for the reduction of up to 70% of the volume of concrete to support a given structure (Sondergaard & Dombernowsky 2011). A strength of the method is that it allows to come up with structural designs that lie beyond the grasp of traditional means of design. A design space is a discretized volume, delimiting where the optimization will take place. The number of cells used to discretize the design space thus sets the resolution of the TO. While the approach of the application of TO as a constitutive design tool centers on structural aspects in the design phase (Xie 2010), the outcome of this process are structures that cannot be realized within a conventional budget. As such the ensuing design is optimal in a narrow sense; whilst optimal structurally though, construction can be prove to be prohibitively expensive.
keywords	Topology optimization; robotics; hotwire cutting; EPS formwork; concrete structures
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2011_100
id	ecaade2011_100
authors	Hakak, Alireza M.; Biloria, Nimish
year	2011
title	New perception of virtual environments, Enhancement of creativity: Increasing dimension of design starting point
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.967-975
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.967
wos	WOS:000335665500111
summary	The digital era allows for a new domain of architectural experience. Within a virtual environment designs can be created that go beyond the mere accommodation of literal functions, and that affect and contribute to the human experience by dynamically interacting with and affecting the inhabitants’ life. A key point in “creativity”, considering different disciplines, is the role of previously gained experiences, which cause the emerging of intuition. Accentuating the role of new experiences in enhancing the intuition, by designing in an imaginary world, stands to be an interesting move. Detached from the real one in sense of time and matter, the imaginary world enables the designer to cross the borderline of reality. The hypothesis underlying this ongoing research, from a cognitive point of view, is that the extensiveness of experiences gained by exploring unconventional virtual environments relates positively to both creative performance (enhancing interactivity, lateral thinking, idea generation, etc) and creativity-supporting cognitive processes (retrieval of unconventional knowledge, recruitment of ideas from unconfined virtual environments for creative idea expansion). Practically, the authors propose starting the design from a point cloud in a virtual environment that can be manipulated by the designer immersing in this environment.
keywords	Virtual Environment; Experience; Enhancing creativity; Point cloud
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ecaade2011_124
id	ecaade2011_124
authors	Ibrahim, Mohamed S.; Bridges, Alan; Chase, Scott C.; Bayoumi, Samir; Taha, Dina S.
year	2011
title	Experiencing design with grammatical explorations in the beginning design studio: The after-recognition experiment: designing with constraints
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.689-698
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.689
wos	WOS:000335665500080
summary	This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the coursework of first year students of architecture in two different countries. The workshop is the second of three workshops planned to take place during the course of the first year studio, aimed at introducing new ways of thinking and introducing students to a new pattern of architectural education. The experiment was planned under the theme of “Production” in the mid-stage that is considered the operational stage of the design process. It also succeeded a recognition stage in which the students’ visual reasoning skills were targeted with more open and less determined design tasks. A grammatical approach was chosen to deliver the methodology in the design studio, based on the shape grammar methodology.
keywords	Beginning/Novice students; shape grammar; pedagogical grammar; design education
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia11_362
id	acadia11_362
authors	Mathew, Anijo
year	2011
title	Interactive Placemaking: Three Critical Enquiries into Urban Interactions in Place
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 362-371
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.362
summary	Project for Public Spaces (Project for Public Spaces) defines placemaking as a process that fosters the creation of vital public destinations: the kind of places where people feel a strong stake in their communities and a commitment to making things better. This paper uses 3 design implementations to argue that architects and designers must reconstruct these ideas of placemaking in the evolving social, cultural, economic and technological context of our time. The projects are used as critical enquiries to explore how designers can integrate current social-economic and cultural thinking from design, business, and computing and show how evolving interactive connected technologies can lead to new ways of constructing located and connected place.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	cf2011_p016
id	cf2011_p016
authors	Merrick, Kathryn; Gu Ning
year	2011
title	Supporting Collective Intelligence for Design in Virtual Worlds: A Case Study of the Lego Universe
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 637-652.
summary	Virtual worlds are multi-faceted technologies. Facets of virtual worlds include graphical simulation tools, communication, design and modelling tools, artificial intelligence, network structure, persistent object-oriented infrastructure, economy, governance and user presence and interaction. Recent studies (Merrick et al., 2010) and applications (Rosenman et al., 2006; Maher et al., 2006) have shown that the combination of design, modelling and communication tools, and artificial intelligence in virtual worlds makes them suitable platforms for supporting collaborative design, including human-human collaboration and human-computer co-creativity. Virtual worlds are also coming to be recognised as a platform for collective intelligence (Levy, 1997), a form of group intelligence that emerges from collaboration and competition among large numbers of individuals. Because of the close relationship between design, communication and virtual world technologies, there appears a strong possibility of using virtual worlds to harness collective intelligence for supporting upcoming ‚Äúdesign challenges on a much larger scale as we become an increasingly global and technological society‚Äù (Maher et al, 2010), beyond the current support for small-scale collaborative design teams. Collaborative design is relatively well studied and is characterised by small-scale, carefully structured design teams, usually comprising design professionals with a good understanding of the design task at hand. All team members are generally motivated and have the skills required to structure the shared solution space and to complete the design task. In contrast, collective design (Maher et al, 2010) is characterised by a very large number of participants ranging from professional designers to design novices, who may need to be motivated to participate, whose contributions may not be directly utilised for design purposes, and who may need to learn some or all of the skills required to complete the task. Thus the facets of virtual worlds required to support collective design differ from those required to support collaborative design. Specifically, in addition to design, communication and artificial intelligence tools, various interpretive, mapping and educational tools together with appropriate motivational and reward systems may be required to inform, teach and motivate virtual world users to contribute and direct their inputs to desired design purposes. Many of these world facets are well understood by computer game developers, as level systems, quests or plot and achievement/reward systems. This suggests the possibility of drawing on or adapting computer gaming technologies as a basis for harnessing collective intelligence in design. Existing virtual worlds that permit open-ended design ‚Äì such as Second Life and There ‚Äì are not specifically game worlds as they do not have extensive level, quest and reward systems in the same way as game worlds like World of Warcraft or Ultima Online. As such, while Second Life and There demonstrate emergent design, they do not have the game-specific facets that focus users towards solving specific problems required for harnessing collective intelligence. However, a new massively multiplayer virtual world is soon to be released that combines open-ended design tools with levels, quests and achievement systems. This world is called Lego Universe (www.legouniverse.com). This paper presents technology spaces for the facets of virtual worlds that can contribute to the support of collective intelligence in design, including design and modelling tools, communication tools, artificial intelligence, level system, motivation, governance and other related facets. We discuss how these facets support the design, communication, motivational and educational requirements of collective intelligence applications. The paper concludes with a case study of Lego Universe, with reference to the technology spaces defined above. We evaluate the potential of this or similar tools to move design beyond the individual and small-scale design teams to harness large-scale collective intelligence. We also consider the types of design tasks that might best be addressed in this manner.
keywords	collective intelligence, collective design, virtual worlds, computer games
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	caadria2011_066
id	caadria2011_066
authors	Merrick, Kathryn; Ning Gu, Muhammad Niazi and Kamran Shafi
year	2011
title	Motivation, cyberworlds and collective design
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 697-706
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.697
summary	Collaborative design is characterised by small-scale, carefully structured, professional design teams. The increasing popularity of social computing and mass communication supported by cyberworlds suggests there is now also a strong possibility of design through mass participation, beyond small-scale, collaborative design scenarios. However to achieve collective intelligence in design, there is a need to motivate large groups of users to contribute constructively to design tasks. This paper studies different types of cyberworlds to classify the motivation profiles of their user bases. We compare these motivation profiles to those required for the emergence of collective intelligence and develop a list of technological requirements for cyberworlds to support collective intelligence and design.
keywords	Collective intelligence; design; motivation; cyberworlds
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaade2011_107
id	ecaade2011_107
authors	Peters, Brady; Tamke, Martin; Nielsen, Stig Anton; Andersen, Søren Vestbjerg; Haase, Mathias
year	2011
title	Responsive Acoustic Surfaces: Computing Sonic Effects
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.819-828
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.819
wos	WOS:000335665500094
summary	Acoustic performance is defined by the parameter of reverberation time; however, this does not capture the acoustic experience in some types of open plan spaces. As many working and learning activities now take place in open plan spaces, it is important to be able to understand and design for the acoustic conditions of these spaces. This paper describes an experimental research project that studied the design processes necessary to design for sound. A responsive acoustic surface was designed, fabricated and tested. This acoustic surface was designed to create specific sonic effects. The design was simulated using custom integrated acoustic software and also using Odeon acoustic analysis software. The research demonstrates a method for designing space- and sound-defining surfaces, defines the concept of acoustic subspace, and suggests some new parameters for defining acoustic subspaces.
keywords	Architectural Acoustics; Performance-Driven Design; Parametric Design; Digital Fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	cf2011_p115
id	cf2011_p115
authors	Pohl, Ingrid; Hirschberg Urs
year	2011
title	Sensitive Voxel - A reactive tangible surface
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 525-538.
summary	Haptic and tactile sensations, the active or passive exploration of our built surroundings through our sense of touch, give us a direct feeling and detailed information of space, a sense of architecture (Pallasmaa 2005). This paper presents the prototype of a reactive surface system, which focuses its output on the sense of touch. It explains how touch sensations influence the perception of architecture and discusses potential applications that might arise from such systems in the future. A growing number of projects demonstrate the strong impact of interaction design on the human senses and perception. They offer new ways of sensing and experiencing architectural space. But the majority of these interaction concepts focus on visual and auditory output-effects. The sense of touch is typically used as an input generator, but neglected as as a potential receiver of stimuli. With all the possibilities of sensors and micro-devices available nowadays, there is no longer a technical reason for this. It is possible to explore a much wider range of sense responding projects, to broaden the horizon of sensitive interaction concepts (Bullivant 2006). What if the surfaces of our surroundings can actively change the way it feels to touch them? What if things like walls and furniture get the ability to interactively respond to our touch? What new dimensions of communication and esthetic experience will open up when we conceive of tangibility in this bi-directional way? This paper presents a prototype system aimed at exploring these very questions. The prototype consists of a grid of tangible embedded cells, each one combining three kinds of actuators to produce divergent touch stimuli. All cells can be individually controlled from an interactive computer program. By providing a layering of different combinations and impulse intensities, the grid structure enables altering patterns of actuation. Thus it can be employed to explore a sort of individual touch aesthetic, for which - in order to differentiate it from established types of aesthetic experiences - we have created the term 'Euhaptics' (from the Greek ŒµœÖ = good and Œ¨œÄœÑœâ = touch, finger). The possibility to mix a wide range of actuators leads to blending options of touch stimuli. The sense of touch has an expanded perception- spectrum, which can be exploited by this technically embedded superposition. The juxtaposed arrangement of identical multilayered cell-units offers blending and pattern effects of different touch-stimuli. It reveals an augmented form of interaction with surfaces and interactive material structures. The combination of impulses does not need to be fixed a priori; it can be adjusted during the process of use. Thus the sensation of touch can be made personally unique in its qualities. The application on architectural shapes and surfaces allows the user to feel the sensations in a holistic manner ‚Äì potentially on the entire body. Hence the various dimensions of touch phenomena on the skin can be explored through empirical investigations by the prototype construction. The prototype system presented in the paper is limited in size and resolution, but its functionality suggests various directions of further development. In architectural applications, this new form of overlay may lead to create augmented environments that let inhabitants experience multimodal touch sensations. By interactively controlling the sensual patterns, such environments could get a unique ‚Äútouch‚Äù for every person that inhabit them. But there may be further applications that go beyond the interactive configuration of comfort, possibly opening up new forms of communication for handicapped people or applications in medical and therapeutic fields (Grunwald 2001). The well-known influence of touch- sensations on human psychological processes and moreover their bodily implications suggest that there is a wide scope of beneficial utilisations yet to be investigated.
keywords	Sensitive Voxel- A reactive tangible surface
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	acadia11_300
id	acadia11_300
authors	Ruffo Calderon, Emmanuel; Schimek, Heimo; Wiltsche, Albert
year	2011
title	Seeking Performative Beauty
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 300-307
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.300
summary	With digital design and fabrication becoming ever more common in architectural design, the computational geometry topic of discretizing freeform surfaces into flat panels has become a common challenge. At the present, most approaches to the issue of preserving a 2D-tessellation on a freeform surface are focused on optimizing the shape of the structure by approximating geometric “equally-sized” flat patterns. In doing so, these strategies treat the approximation of the desired shape as the primary goal, leaving aside the aesthetical aspect of the paneling, which can be seen as having an ornamental quality. In contrast to these common strategies, the project presented in this paper pursues a more holistic approach that tries to integrate aesthetical as well as structural issues by using more complex as well as more performative patterns for the discretization. In the present paper, we present algorithmic strategies that were designed to integrate from the aesthetics of an exposed timber structure, through analysis of structural loading feedbacks to a detailed level of the physical joint system, as part of the fundamental early design decisions. The consequence of the overall negotiations relies fully on their physical integration through computational design. The present paper discusses both the algorithmic techniques and the joint systems through a series of case studies. At the end of the paper we provide an overview to upcoming tasks including the production of a major structure.
keywords	digital architecture; mathematics in architecture; higher-dimensional objects in architecture; design computation and mathematics
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	cf2011_p024
id	cf2011_p024
authors	Tidafi, Temy; Charbonneau Nathalie, Khalili-Araghi Salman
year	2011
title	Backtracking Decisions within a Design Process: a Way of Enhancing the Designer's Thought Process and Creativity
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 573-587.
summary	This paper proposes a way computer sciences could contribute to stimulate the designer‚Äôs reflexive thought. We explore the possibility of making use of backtracking devices in order to formalize the designer‚Äôs thought process. Design, as a process of creating an object, cannot be represented by means of a linear timeline. Accordingly, the backtracking processes we are discussing here are not based on a linear model but rather on a non-linear structure. Beyond the notion of undoing and redoing commands within CAD packages, the backtracking process is seen as a way to explore and record several alternate options. The branches of the non-linear model can be seen as pathways made of sequential decisions. The designer creates and explores these pathways while making tentative moves towards an architectural solution. Within the design process, backtracking enables the designer to establish and act on a network of interrelated decisions. This notion is fundamental. It is quite obvious that information, in order to be meaningful, must occupy a specific place within an informational network. A data, separated from its context, is devoid of interest. By the same token, a decision takes on significance solely in combination with other decisions. In this paper, we examine what kinds of decisions are involved within a design process, how they are connected, and what could be the best ways to formalize the relationships. Our goal is to experiment ways that could enable the designer and his/her collaborators to get a clearer mental picture of the network of decisions aforementioned. The non-linear model can be seen as a graph structure. The user moves wherever he/she wants through the branches of the structure to establish the network of decisions or to get reacquainted with a previous design process. As a matter of fact, it can act in both ways: to reassess or to confirm a decision. On the one hand, the designer can go back to previous states, reconsider past choices, and eventually modify them. On the other hand, he/she can move forward and revisit a given sequence of decisions, so as to recapture the essence of a previous design process. It goes without saying that knowledge regarding the design process is constructed by the designer from his/her own experiences. Since the designer‚Äôs perception evolves as time goes by, the network of decisions constitutes a model that is continuously questioned and restructured. The designer does not elaborate solely an architectural object, but also an evolving model formalizing the way he/she achieved his/her aim. As Le Moigne (1995) pointed out, the model itself produces knowledge; afterwards, the designer can examine it so as to get a clearer mental picture of his/her own cognitive processes. Furthermore, it can be used by his/her collaborators in order to understand which thread of ideas led the designer to a given visual result, and eventually resume or reorient the design process. In addition to reflecting on the ideological implications inherent to this questioning, we take into account the feasibility of such a research project. From a more technical point of view, in this paper we will describe how we plane to take up the challenge of elaborating a digital environment enabling backtracking processes within graph structures. Furthermore, we will explain how we plane to test the first trial version of the new environment with potential users so as to observe how they respond to it. These experiments will be conducted in order to verify to what extend the methods we are proposing are able to i) enhance the designer‚Äôs creativity and ii) increase our understanding of designer‚Äôs thought process.
keywords	backtracking, design process, digital environments, problem space, network of decisions, graph structure.
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p124
id	cf2011_p124
authors	Verdonck, Evelien; Froyen Hubert
year	2011
title	Universal Design Patterns: Designing a Web-Based Tool with Architects
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 103-115.
summary	The implementation of Universal Design in design practice requires a number of tools that provide support to designers throughout the design process. In recent years, several studies have been carried out, determining methods to help designers select appropriate design support tools (DSTs), looking for desired data representation characteristics, or focusing on involving a wide range of users in the design process. This paper discusses how architects, as end-users of the DST, are involved in the development process of a new web-based tool based on the Universal Design Patterns concept. The Universal Design Pattern concept was developed based on Christopher Alexander‚Äôs Pattern Language, and looks at the possibility of using patterns to describe existing barriers in the built environment (conflicts), as well as design characteristics that may be implemented to make new designs more inclusive (resolutions). Through Universal Design Patterns, users can contribute new insights about the existing built environment, while architects can discuss the inclusive qualities of new design solutions or find useful design guidance. Involving the architects in developing the Universal Design Pattern concept into a web-based design tool is essential to establish a structure for the Universal Design Patterns that is compatible with the designers‚Äô way of thinking about design problems. Using the specific structure of Universal Design Patterns allows for the grouping of information into appropriately themed units on different levels of the design in a clear and uniform way. Building on the results of a survey involving 406 architects and a comparative study of existing DSTs for Universal Design, this paper first focuses on the results of a series of interviews that provided the basis for a first data-structure for the Universal Design Patterns tool. In addition to this, case-studies were carried out to ensure the new tool can easily be incorporated into the architects‚Äô design process. The results from both the interviews and the case-studies were combined in a preliminary model for the web-based tool. Finally, the methodology for testing this model with architects is discussed. In conclusion, some thoughts are given on the potential benefits of not only testing new DSTs with designers, but involving them actively from the early stages; or, in other words, the benefits of tools not only designed for architects, but with them.
keywords	Universal Design, Tools, Patterns
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p069
id	cf2011_p069
authors	Zahedi, Mithra, Guité Manon; De Paoli Giovanni
year	2011
title	Addressing User-Centeredness: Communicating Meaningfully Through Design
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 513-524.
summary	This paper proposes a model for human-computer interface design, which is focused on a user-centered approach. The paper studies the complexity inherent in the design process when the aim is to consider all team members of a project as contributors to a human-centered approach. Designers know that they are dealing with “messy” situations; they understand the uniqueness of each project, the continuous change of user needs, and the rapid development of information technology. They also see the challenges when working with other disciplines at the conceptual level, in creating shared understanding regarding user-centeredness. In this context, how can designers create the conditions for diverse contributing collaborators to go beyond their individual knowledge and enrich their reflections in order to efficiently collaborate within a human-centered approach? This study proposes that in looking to increase the efficiency of interfaces, all stakeholders should consider the user in all phases of the design process especially when they deal with complex and multi-disciplinary situations. Conducting a project-grounded approach led to introducing a new theoretical model of design. The model, which is based on joint reflective practice and an interdisciplinary attitude supports and frames a collaborative human-computer interface design process.
keywords	Theoretical model, User-centered design; HCI; Interdisciplinary; Project-grounded approach
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ijac201310105
id	ijac201310105
authors	Agkathidis, Asterios and Andre_ Brown
year	2013
title	Tree-Structure Canopy:A Case Study in Design and Fabrication of Complex Steel Structures using Digital Tools
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 1, 87-104
summary	This paper describes and reflects on the design and manufacturing process of the Tree-Structure canopy for the WestendGate Tower in Frankfurt upon Main, completed early 2011.The project investigated fabrication and assembly principles of complex steel structures as well as the integration of contemporary computational design, engineering, optimization and simulation techniques in a collaborative design approach. This paper focuses on the notion of modular standardization as opposed to non standard customized components. It also engages with issues relating to digital production tools and their impact on construction cost, material performance and tolerances. In addition it examines the reconfiguration of liability during a planning and construction process, an aspect which can be strongly determined by fabrication companies rather than the architect or designer.This paper is written as a reflection on the complete building process when contemporary digital tools are used from design through to fabrication. It studies both the generation of the steel structure as well the ETFE cushion skin. It reports on a collaborative project, where the main author was responsible for the canopies design, parameterization, digitalization and fabrication, as well as for the dissemination of the outcomes and findings during the design and realization process.As such it represents an example of research through design in a contemporary and evolving field.The canopy received a design award by the Hellenic Architecture Association.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	acadia12_47
id	acadia12_47
authors	Aish, Robert ; Fisher, Al ; Joyce, Sam ; Marsh, Andrew
year	2012
title	Progress Towards Multi-Criteria Design Optimisation Using Designscript With Smart Form, Robot Structural Analysis and Ecotect Building Performance Analysis"
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 47-56
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.047
summary	Important progress towards the development of a system that enables multi-criteria design optimisation has recently been demonstrated during a research collaboration between Autodesk’s DesignScript development team, the University of Bath and the engineering consultancy Buro Happold. This involved integrating aspects of the Robot Structural Analysis application, aspects of the Ecotect building performance application and a specialist form finding solver called SMART Form (developed by Buro Happold) with DesignScript to create a single computation environment. This environment is intended for the generation and evaluation of building designs against both structural and building performance criteria, with the aim of expediently supporting computational optimisation and decision making processes that integrate across multiple design and engineering disciplines. A framework was developed to enable the integration of modeling environments with analysis and process control, based on the authors’ case studies and experience of applied performance driven design in practice. This more generalised approach (implemented in DesignScript) enables different designers and engineers to selectively configure geometry definition, form finding, analysis and simulation tools in an open-ended system without enforcing any predefined workflows or anticipating specific design strategies and allows for a full range of optimisation and decision making processes to be explored. This system has been demonstrated to practitioners during the Design Modeling Symposium, Berlin in 2011 and feedback from this has suggested further development.
keywords	Design Optimisation , Scripting , Form Finding , Structural Analysis , Building Performance
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2011_117
id	ecaade2011_117
authors	Albayrak, Canan; Tunçer, Bige
year	2011
title	Performative architecture as a guideline for transformation: Defense Line of Amsterdam
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.501-510
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.501
wos	WOS:000335665500058
summary	Performance as an architectural design paradigm has been emerging during the recent years. We have developed an understanding that we formalized as a taxonomy for performative architecture that considers performance from three points of view: health, safety and security performance; functional and efficiency performance; and psychological, social, cultural, and esthetic performance. This paper focuses on a design project that explores these ideas as a performative architecture proposal. The project focuses on the architectural transformation of the Defense Line of Amsterdam, 41 forts, as a green belt. This transformation considers a holistic approach of defining a general method and guideline. We developed a series of parametric models for the definition and generation of designs. The first model computes an urbanization level for each fort. Consequently, models are developed in 4 stages: regional design, urban design, building design, and production of a scale model, and these are applied in an iterative manner to reach design outcomes for the project.
keywords	Performative architecture; performance evaluation; taxonomy; parametric modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

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