Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2011_p020
id	cf2011_p020
authors	Kabre, Chitrarekha
year	2011
title	A Computer Aided Design Model for Climate Responsive Dwelling Roof
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 315-332.
summary	Computer-Aided Design models have generated new possibilities in the sustainable design of buildings. Computer models assisting different aspects of architectural design have been developed and used for several decades. A review of contributions of computing to architectural design is given by Gero. Most of the conventional simulation computer programs do not actively support design development and optimization, specially at the formative design stages. It is well established that most decisions that affect comfort and building energy use occur during the formative design stages of the project. Furthermore, the efforts required to implement those decisions at the beginning of the design process are small compared to the effort that would be necessary later on in the design process. Therefore, if sustainable design issues are going to receive an appropriate level of consideration at the beginning of the design process, they must be presented in a way which is useful to the architect and fits with other things the architect is considering at that time. Design is seen as a problem-solving process of searching through a space of design solutions. The process of finding a solution to a design problem involves, identifying one or more objectives, making design decisions based on the objectives, predicting and evaluating the performance to find the acceptable decisions. Each of these activities can be performed inside or outside the formal model. In designing a roof, an architect or building designer has to make many decisions on the materials. The arrangement of these materials determines the aesthetic appearance of the roof and the house. Other considerations that affect the choice of roofing materials are thermal performance, rain, fire protection, cost, availability and maintenance. Recyclability of materials, hazardous materials, life-cycle expectancy, solutions, and design options as they relate to the environment also need to be considered. Consequently, the design of roof has become quite a complex and multifaceted problem. The principal need is for a direct design aid which can generate feasible solutions and tradeoff performance in conflicting requirements and prescribe the optimum solution. This paper presents a conceptual Computer Aided Design model for dwelling roof. It is based on generation and optimization paradigms of Computer Aided Design; which is diametrically opposite to conventional simulation. The design of roof (design goal) can be defined in terms of design objective as "control radiant and conduction heat." This objective must be satisfied to achieve the design goal. The performance variables, such as roof ceiling surface temperature or new thermal performance index (TPI*) must acquire values within certain ranges which will satisfy the objective. Given the required inputs, this computer model automatically generates prescriptive quantitative information to design roof to achieve optimum thermal comfort in warm humid tropics. The model first generates feasible solutions based on the decision rules; next it evaluates the thermal performance of the roof taking into account design variables related to the building‚Äôs roof and finally it applies numerical optimization techniques to automatically determine the optimum design variables, which achieve the best thermal performance. The rational and methodology used to develop the proposed model is outlined and the implementation of model is described with examples for climatic and technological contexts of India and Australia.
keywords	Computer aided design, sustainable design, generation, optimization, dwelling roof, thermal performance
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p060
id	cf2011_p060
authors	Sheward, Hugo; Eastman Charles
year	2011
title	Preliminary Concept Design (PCD) Tools for Laboratory Buildings, Automated Design Optimization and Assessment Embedded in Building Information Modeling (BIM) Tools.
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 451-476.
summary	The design of laboratory buildings entails the implementation of a variety of design constraints such as building codes; design guidelines and technical requirements. The application of these requires from designers the derivation of data not explicitly available at early stages of design, at the same time there is no precise methodology to control the consistency, and accuracy of their application. Many of these constraints deal with providing secure environmental conditions for the activities inside laboratories and their repercussions both for the building occupants and population in general, these constraints mandate a strict control over the building‚Äôs Mechanical Equipment (MEP), in particular the Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. Due to the importance of these laboratory designers are expected to assess their designs not only according spatial relationships, but also design variables such as HVAC efficiency, air pressure hierarchies, operational costs, and the possible implications of their design decisions in the biological safety of the facility. At this point in time, there are no practical methods for making these assessments, without having constant interaction with HVAC specialists. The assessment of laboratory design variables, particularly those technical in nature, such as dimensioning of ducts or energy consumption are usually performed at late stages of design. They are performed by domain experts using data manually extracted from design information, with the addition of domain specific knowledge, the evaluation is done mostly through manual calculations or building simulations. In traditional practices most expert evaluations are performed once the architectural design have been completed, the turn around of the evaluation might take hours or days depending on the methods used by the engineer, therefore reducing the possibility for design alternatives evaluation. The results of these evaluations will give clues about sizing of the HVAC equipment, and might generate the need for design reformulations, causing higher development costs and time delays. Several efforts in the development of computational tools for automated design evaluation such as wheel chair accessibility (Han, Law, Latombe, Kunz, 2002) security and circulation (Eastman, 2009), and construction codes (ww.Corenet.gov.sg) have demonstrated the capabilities of rule or parameter based building assessment; several computer applications capable of supporting HVAC engineers in system designing for late concept or design development exist, but little has been done to assess the capabilities of computer applications to support laboratory design during architectural Preliminary Concept Design(PCD) (Trcka, Hensen, 2010). Developments in CAD technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) have opened doors to formal explorations in generative design using rule based or parametric modeling [7]. BIM represents buildings as a collection of objects with their own geometry, attributes, and relations. BIM also allows for the definition of objects parametrically including their relation to other model objects. BIM has enabled the development of automated rule based building evaluation (Eastman, 2009). Most of contemporary BIM applications contemplate in their default user interfaces access to design constraints and object attribute manipulations. Some even allow for the application of rules over these. Such capabilities make BIM viable platforms for automation of design data derivation and for the implementation of generative based design assessment. In this paper we analyze the possibilities provided by contemporary BIM for implementing generative based design assessment in laboratory buildings. In this schema, domain specific knowledge is embedded in to the BIM system as to make explicit design metrics that can help designers and engineers to assess the performance of design alternatives. The implementation of generative design assessments during PCD can help designers and engineers to identify design issues early in the process, reducing the number of revisions and reconfigurations in later stages of design. And generally improving design performance.
keywords	Heating ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC), Building Information Models (BIM), Generative Design Assessment
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	acadia11_72
id	acadia11_72
authors	Menges, Achim
year	2011
title	Integrative Design Computation: Integrating material behaviour and robotic manufacturing processes in computational design for performative wood constructions
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.072
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 72-81
summary	In contrast to most other building materials, wood is a naturally grown biological tissue. Today, the organic nature of wood is recognized as a major advantage. Wood is one of the very few naturally renewable, fully recyclable, extremely energy efficient and CO2-positive construction materials. On the other hand, compared to industrially produced, isotropic materials, the inherent heterogeneity and differentiated material makeup of wood’s anatomic structure is still considered problematic by architects and engineers alike. This is due to the fact that, even today, most design tools employed in architecture are still incapable of integrating and thus instrumentalizing the material properties and related complex behavior of wood. The research presented in this paper focuses on the development of a computational design approach that is based on the integration of material properties and characteristics. Understanding wood as a natural composite system of cellulose fibers embedded in a lignin and hemicelluloses matrix characterized by relatively high strain at failure, that is high load-bearing capacity with relatively low stiffness, the particular focus of this paper is the investigation of how the bending behavior of wood can become a generative design driver in such computational processes. In combination with the additional integration of the possibilities and constraints of robotic manufacturing processes, this enables the design and production of truly material-specific and highly performative wood architecture. The paper will provide a detailed explanation of such an integrative approach to design computation and the related methods and techniques. This is complemented by the description of three specific research projects, which were conducted as part of the overall research and all resulted in full scale prototype structures. The research projects demonstrate different approaches to the computational design integration of material behavior and robotic manufacturing constraints. Based on a solution space defined by the material itself, this enables novel ways of computationally deriving both material-specific gestalt and performative capacity of one of the oldest construction materials we have.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaade2011_110
id	ecaade2011_110
authors	Pak, Burak; Verbeke, Johan
year	2011
title	Usability as a Key Quality Characteristic for Developing CAAD Tools and Environments
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.269
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.269-278
summary	In this paper, we will stress the importance of usability as a key quality characteristic for the Computer Aided Architectural Design (CAAD) software prototypes. We claim that usability evaluation practices can assist the integration of human factors and the accommodation of local differences. These practices are not solely limited to interface tests, but they can also provide valuable information on the possible added values of CAAD software prototypes, increase the overall product quality and thus contribute to the sustainable development of the CAAD research field. In this context, we aim to initiate a constructive discussion on this topic by reviewing various usability frameworks and highlighting possible opportunities and challenges of applicable evaluation methods. Consequent to this discussion, we will elaborate on our recent findings relating to the reliability and effectiveness of particular evaluation methods applied to a web-based geographic virtual environment prototype. In conclusion, we will introduce a new “design usability” framework that is suitable for CAAD software development; which suggests a variety of design usability quality characteristics, cost-effective evaluation methods and possible influence factors in the evaluation process.
wos	WOS:000335665500030
keywords	Usability; Quality in Use; Evaluation; CAAD Software Development; Human Factors
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia11_152
id	acadia11_152
authors	Rael, Ronald; San Fratello, Virginia
year	2011
title	Developing Concrete Polymer Building Components for 3D Printing
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.152
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 152-157
summary	The creation of building components that can be seen as sustainable, inexpensive, stronger, recyclable, customizable and perhaps even reparable to the environment is an urgent, and critical focus of architectural research. In the U.S. alone, the construction industry produced 143.5 million tons of building-related construction and demolition debris in 2008, and buildings, in their consumption of energy produce more greenhouse gasses than automobiles or industry.Because the inherent nature of 3D printing opens new possibilities for shaping materials, the process will reshape the way we think about architectural building components. Digital materiality, a term coined by Italian and Swiss architects Fabio Gramazio and Matthias Kohler, describes materiality increasingly enriched with digital characteristics where data, material, programming and construction are interwoven (Gramazio and Kohler, 2008). The research aspires towards this classification through the use of parametric modeling tools, analytic software and quantitative and qualitative analysis. Rapid prototyping, which is the automatic construction of physical objects using additive manufacturing technology, typically employs materials intended for the immediate analysis of form, scale, and tactility. Rarely do the materials used in this process have any long-term value, nor does the process - except in rare cases with expensive metal prototyping - have the ability to create actual and sustainable working products. This research intends to alter this state of affairs by developing methods for 3D printing using concrete for the production of long-lasting performance-based components.
series	ACADIA
type	work in progress
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	cf2011_p127
id	cf2011_p127
authors	Benros, Deborah; Granadeiro Vasco, Duarte Jose, Knight Terry
year	2011
title	Integrated Design and Building System for the Provision of Customized Housing: the Case of Post-Earthquake Haiti
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 247-264.
summary	The paper proposes integrated design and building systems for the provision of sustainable customized housing. It advances previous work by applying a methodology to generate these systems from vernacular precedents. The methodology is based on the use of shape grammars to derive and encode a contemporary system from the precedents. The combined set of rules can be applied to generate housing solutions tailored to specific user and site contexts. The provision of housing to shelter the population affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake illustrates the application of the methodology. A computer implementation is currently under development in C# using the BIM platform provided by Revit. The world experiences a sharp increase in population and a strong urbanization process. These phenomena call for the development of effective means to solve the resulting housing deficit. The response of the informal sector to the problem, which relies mainly on handcrafted processes, has resulted in an increase of urban slums in many of the big cities, which lack sanitary and spatial conditions. The formal sector has produced monotonous environments based on the idea of mass production that one size fits all, which fails to meet individual and cultural needs. We propose an alternative approach in which mass customization is used to produce planed environments that possess qualities found in historical settlements. Mass customization, a new paradigm emerging due to the technological developments of the last decades, combines the economy of scale of mass production and the aesthetics and functional qualities of customization. Mass customization of housing is defined as the provision of houses that respond to the context in which they are built. The conceptual model for the mass customization of housing used departs from the idea of a housing type, which is the combined result of three systems (Habraken, 1988) -- spatial, building system, and stylistic -- and it includes a design system, a production system, and a computer system (Duarte, 2001). In previous work, this conceptual model was tested by developing a computer system for existing design and building systems (Benr__s and Duarte, 2009). The current work advances it by developing new and original design, building, and computer systems for a particular context. The urgent need to build fast in the aftermath of catastrophes quite often overrides any cultural concerns. As a result, the shelters provided in such circumstances are indistinct and impersonal. However, taking individual and cultural aspects into account might lead to a better identification of the population with their new environment, thereby minimizing the rupture caused in their lives. As the methodology to develop new housing systems is based on the idea of architectural precedents, choosing existing vernacular housing as a precedent permits the incorporation of cultural aspects and facilitates an identification of people with the new housing. In the Haiti case study, we chose as a precedent a housetype called ‚Äúgingerbread houses‚Äù, which includes a wide range of houses from wealthy to very humble ones. Although the proposed design system was inspired by these houses, it was decided to adopt a contemporary take. The methodology to devise the new type was based on two ideas: precedents and transformations in design. In architecture, the use of precedents provides designers with typical solutions for particular problems and it constitutes a departing point for a new design. In our case, the precedent is an existing housetype. It has been shown (Duarte, 2001) that a particular housetype can be encoded by a shape grammar (Stiny, 1980) forming a design system. Studies in shape grammars have shown that the evolution of one style into another can be described as the transformation of one shape grammar into another (Knight, 1994). The used methodology departs takes off from these ideas and it comprises the following steps (Duarte, 2008): (1) Selection of precedents, (2) Derivation of an archetype; (3) Listing of rules; (4) Derivation of designs; (5) Cataloguing of solutions; (6) Derivation of tailored solution.
keywords	Mass customization, Housing, Building system, Sustainable construction, Life cycle energy consumption, Shape grammar
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ijac20109301
id	ijac20109301
authors	Biloria, Nimish
year	2011
title	InfoMatters, a multi-agent systems approach for generating performative architectural formations
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 9 - no. 3, 205-222
summary	The research paper exemplifies upon a computationally intensive inter-disciplinary research driven design investigation into spatializing the relationship between digital information and physical matter. Focusing on the development of architectural scale urban inserts, the design-research work operates on the intersection of information technology, environmental design, architecture, and computer aided manufacturing domains.The research framework revolves around developing a seamless integration of the aforementioned disciplines in order to establish iterative simulation driven methodologies for generating bottom-up sustainable architectural formations. This is achieved by establishing parametrically driven relational linkages between differential data sets (environmental, social, topological, material etc), which formulate the context (both global and local) within which the proposed project has to be designed. A selforganizing multi-agent system based simulation methodology for generating resultant spatial formations, in time, based on the impacts of the parametric relationships between the aforementioned data sets is eventually embarked upon. This implies, understanding the site as a dynamic information field within which interdependent ecology of agents (representing typology of people, program, structure, speed, desired social interaction etc) with multi-level relational affinities amongst each other as well as the dynamic urban information field. The resultant self-organized multi-agent formations are iteratively mined for identifying logical three-dimensional structural patterns or subjected to programmatic and environmental need driven additional layer of structural simulation with pre-embedded material restraints. An optimized system of multi-performative components that not only populates but also serves as an integrated structural + skin system of the results obtained from the agent based simulations (based upon the degree of inclusion/exclusion of parameters such as the amount of light, sound, wind etc) is subsequently generated. These experimental projects attained the status of self-evolving ecologies of multi-dimensional agents with embodied behavioural profiles, thus providing engaged, highly interdependent design by simulation outputs. The outputs showcase a dynamic system's driven approach towards sustainable design by stressing upon the idea of cohesively binding information and material systems from the very beginning of the design process. Such approaches help in reducing post-optimization of built form and consequently allow for rational understanding of performance criteria and its impact on formal articulations throughout the design process.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ecaade2011_020
id	ecaade2011_020
authors	de la Barrera Poblete, Carlos Ignacio
year	2011
title	Evolutionary Strategy to Design Optimized Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.293
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.293-301
summary	The purpose of the present experiment consists in optimizing a building modifying its apertures (windows) and its geometry to reduce heating and air conditioning consumption. The optimization is performed using a Micro-Genetic Algorithm (Micro-GAs) programmed in C# embedded like a series of functions into GenerativeComponents (GC). EnergyPlus (E+) software is used to evaluate the HVAC consumption levels of the building. The aim of the optimization is to keep the temperature at 20ºC on the hottest and coldest day using the least possible energy (Jules). In conclusion, this article proposes a new technique based on parametric modelling, evaluation and evolutionary optimization to generate efficient buildings with HVAC consumptions.
wos	WOS:000335665500033
keywords	Optimization; Parametric design; Genetic Algorithms; Energy Consumption; Architecture
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	sigradi2011_060
id	sigradi2011_060
authors	Fonseca, David; Navarro, Isidro; Puig, Janina
year	2011
title	Códigos QR aplicados a la visualización de elementos arquitectónicos [QR Codes applied to architectural visualization ]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 548-551
summary	In recent years it has popularized the use of two-dimensional codes associated with all types of information. Usually we can find them in advertisements, receipts and all kinds of tickets, but also they can have good use in teaching. The architecture is a field that has incorporated its use especially in aspects related to leisure and tourism. The research presented in this paper seeks the introduction of QR codes in an active way in architectural education, with the optimization of all type of information associated to each type of user and projects.
keywords	QR-Codes; architecture; education; visualization; user profile
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	caadria2011_017
id	caadria2011_017
authors	Hanafin, Stuart; Sambit Datta and Bernard Rolfe
year	2011
title	Tree facades: Generative modelling with an axial branch rewriting system
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.175
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 175-184
summary	The methods and algorithms of generative modelling can be improved when representing organic structures by the study of computational models of natural processes and their application to architectural design. In this paper, we present a study of the generation of branching structures and their application to the development of façade support systems. We investigate two types of branching structures, a recursive bifurcation model and an axial tree based L-system for the generation of façades. The aim of the paper is to capture not only the form but also the underlying principles of biomimicry found in branching. This is then tested, by their application to develop experimental façade support systems. The developed algorithms implement parametric variations for façade generation based on natural tree-like branching. The benefits of such a model are: ease of structural optimization, variations of support and digital fabrication of façade components.
keywords	Parametric Modelling; Biomimicry; Lindenmayer Systems; Branching Structures
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadiaregional2011_024
id	acadiaregional2011_024
authors	Hillukka, Daniel
year	2011
title	Interior Climate Optimization by Volumetric Adjustment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.x.j1c
source	Parametricism (SPC) ACADIA Regional 2011 Conference Proceedings
summary	This research focuses primarily on the functionality of software, specifically Rhinoceros (McNeel & Assoc.) and a few associated PlugIns (Grasshopper, Rhino Assembly), to create and control a model of a building to study the environmental effects of modulation of space. Has technology been completely utilized in addressing comfort maintenance within a dwelling space? For example, animals have a similarities based upon their surface to volume relationship, yet they are able to adjust the ratios based on a reaction to their environmental circumstances. For example, when cold, they are able to “fluff” their fur in order to minimize their surface area in comparison to an increasing “interior” volume. Historically, abilities to influence temperature change within a space have been relegated to passive air exchange systems and more recently completely active air exchange means of control. Technological advances have raised significant questions towards methods and means for this control. Through use of 3D models and simulations, the topic of climate maintenance in spatial conditions was addressed using environmental controls. Thus modulation of the interior climate as well as the space could simultaneously occur to create a radically different space of habitation. The preparation and writing of this abstract addressed various areas of the SPC requirements, which become apparent during the digestion of the paper.
keywords	Rhinoceros, Grasshopper, Rhino-Assembly, volume, operable architecture, parametric components, climate optimization, dynamic constructs
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	ijac20109203
id	ijac20109203
authors	Martini, Kirk
year	2011
title	Optimization and parametric modelling to support conceptual structural design
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 9 - no. 2, 151-166
summary	The paper describes software combining parametric geometric modeling with a version of the harmony search method, modified to support multimodal structural optimization. Researchers have recognized the potential of population-based optimization methods, such as genetic algorithms, to support multimodal optimization: that is, generating a diverse range of good alternative solutions, rather than a single best solution. Among these methods is the harmony search method, which has been demonstrated to be efficient in many unimodal structural optimization problems. The paper describes a new version of the harmony search method, implemented as an assembly within Bentley's Generative Components, enabling high-level control of geometry. The new method is demonstrated on an bridge supported by two inclined parabolic arches, a structure where GC controls a complex geometry with a single variable. Comparative studies of the example find that the new method is more effective than conventional harmony search in consistently finding multiple good solutions.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	acadia11_284
id	acadia11_284
authors	Ogrydziak; Luke
year	2011
title	Tetrahedron Cloud
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.284
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 284-291
summary	The research project, tetrahedron cloud, explores agent-based stochastic behavior as a design tool. It investigates the possibilities for producing volumetric tetrahedral meshes based on the interactions of individual stochastic agents. The research situates itself at the intersection of the visual arts, the physical sciences, and computer science. The basic interest in stochastics comes from the visual arts; the growth simulation approach is borrowed from the natural sciences; and the use of a tetrahedral mesh within C++ comes from computer science. But more generally, the project focuses on architecture’s ongoing engagement with stochastic systems. By embedding extremely specific tendencies within an agent’s behavior, while also allowing for stochastic variation, we can create larger systems that are both in and out of our “control”. This sidesteps the typical limitations of many computational geometry and parametric methods, where there is often an overly deterministic relationship between the input and output of a given system. Such a shift from optimization to behavior inevitably brings up troubling questions of style. Abandoning the search for a “best” solution, or even the articulation of the criteria for such a task, re-opens computational architecture at its deepest levels as a site for design speculation.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2011_005
id	caadria2011_005
authors	Okabe, Aya and Tsukasa Takenaka
year	2011
title	Computational landscape design with the seed scattering system: A case study in the Sony forest project
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 49-58
summary	This paper proposes a computational landscape design method, called the seeds scattering system (SS system), which enables us to manage various environmental parameters in design processes, to create the ‘natural forest’ in urban environments. First, this paper discusses the drawbacks of the conventional methods for landscape design. Second, the paper outlines the components of the SS system together with the design process of the SONY forest project in Tokyo, and shows its advantages, including broad applicability to conceptual design, and capability of environmental simulations and spatial optimizations. Last, the paper summarizes the effectiveness of the SS system. By managing fundamental rules behind geometries in forest growth processes, the SS system showed us capability for constructing interactive relationships between design and their surrounding environments to produce design inherent in its site.
keywords	Computational landscape design, parameter, tool customization, optimization, sensor network system
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2012/05/30 21:29

_id	ecaade2011_023
id	ecaade2011_023
authors	Schneider, Sven; König, Reinhard; Pohle, Robert
year	2011
title	Who cares about right angles?: Overcoming barriers in creating rectangularity in layout structures
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.361
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.361-367
summary	This paper examines methods for the generation of structures that exhibit rectangularity. Rectangularity in architectural and urban structures can be traced to various reasons, including facilitating the design process, since the use of rectangular geometry limits both the space of possible solutions and the operations necessary to search the solution space. With the help of computer-based methods it becomes possible to explore huge solution spaces, however most existing methods stick to traditional concepts for the generation of geometric structures, such as the use of predefined elements (rectangles). These approaches do not take into account geometric irregularities which the structure to be generated may be subject to. In this paper we present a method that makes it possible to create a nearly rectangular structure within a freely definable boundary.
wos	WOS:000335665500041
keywords	Rectangularity; Structures; Design Tool; Design Process; Evolutionary Optimization
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia11_204
id	acadia11_204
authors	Wilkins, Gretchen; Zilka, Leanne; Cherrey, John
year	2011
title	Scripted Materials
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.204
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 204-211
summary	Looking to fabrication technologies as a way to bridge the gap between design and execution, this research tested various methods for the digital optimization of flat sheet materials, specifically those which can be reclaimed from building and manufacturing sites. By reordering conventional design processes to begin with (reclaimed) material constraints we are looking to close the gap in the cycle of sheet material manufacturing and reduce the amount of building waste in architectural projects. This paper will discuss the process of embedding digital information and scripting processes into material systems in order to rethink the relationship between input and output in design, especially in the context of sheet material manufacturing, reclamation, fabrication and distribution. Two projects situated within architectural design studios are cited as examples to this approach, with speculation on how the work might shift the role of ‘craft’ in design and fabrication processes.
series	ACADIA
type	work in progress
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	cf2011_p165
id	cf2011_p165
authors	Chasznar, Andre
year	2011
title	Navigating Complex Models in Collaborative Work for (Sustainably) Integrated Design
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 619-636.
summary	Increasingly intensive use of computational techniques such as parametric-associative modeling, algorithmic design, performance simulations and generative design in architecture, engineering and construction are leading to increasingly large and complex 3D building models which in turn require increasingly powerful techniques in order to be manipulated and interpreted effectively. Further complexities are of course due also to the multi-disciplinary nature of building projects, in which there can be significant variation and even conflict among the aims of architects, engineers and builders, as well as owners, occupants and other stakeholders in the process. Effective use of model information depends to a large extent on sense-making, which can in some ways be helped but also hindered by schemes for organizing the information contained. Common techniques such as layering, labeling (aka ‚Äòtagging‚Äô) and assignment of various other attributes to model objects have significant limitations ‚Äì especially those arising from general problems of language, ontology and standardization, as well as but distinct from issues of interoperability ‚Äì both with respect to locating the desired items in a 3D building model and also with respect to displaying the objects in informative ways which effectively assist collaborative design and decision-making. Sustainable design in particular is an area generally requiring a high level of inter-disciplinary collaboration to achieve highly integrated designs which make multiple use of the elements and systems incorporated (though integrated design may also be pursued without explicit aims of sustainability). The proposed paper describes ongoing research concerning alternatives to the currently common techniques for locating and displaying information in 3D building models in support of sense-making to promote collaborative and integrated design. These alternatives comprise on the one hand interactive geometric-content-based methods for search and classification of model objects ‚Äì as an alternative or complement to common assigned-attribute-based methods ‚Äì and on the other hand visual analytic techniques ‚Äì in contrast to existing, relatively static tabular and "physical" views ‚Äì which can help to increase the informativeness of the geometric data within the model, as well as the non-geometric data that is attached to geometric objects (e.g. as in the cases of BIM and various types of CAE performance simulations). Tests undertaken with architects and engineers in practice and academia to evaluate the proposed methods are also described. Finally conclusions are drawn regarding these methods‚Äô positive present performance and some of their shortcomings, as well as indicating directions for future research concerning the methods‚Äô refinement and extension to help 3D building models become more effective components of the design process than they are at present, both with respect to these models‚Äô present levels of complexity and especially with respect to their anticipated increasing complexity in future.
keywords	CAD/CAE/BIM, content-based search, visual analytics
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ecaade2011_073
id	ecaade2011_073
authors	Janssen, Patrick; Basol, Cihat; Chen, Kian Wee
year	2011
title	Evolutionary Developmental Design for Non-Programmers
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.245
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.245-252
summary	Evolutionary developmental design (Evo-Devo-Design) is a design method that combines complex developmental techniques with an evolutionary optimisation techniques. In order to use such methods, the problem specific developmental and evaluation procedures typically need to be define using some kind of textual programming language. This paper reports on an alternative approach, in which designers can use Visual Dataflow Modelling (VDM) instead of textual programming. This research described how Evo-Devo-Design problems can defined using the VDM approach, and how they can subsequently be run using a Distributed Execution Environment (called Dexen) on multiple computers in parallel. A case study is presented, where the Evo-Devo-Design method is used to evolve designs for a house, optimised for daylight, energy consumption, and privacy.
wos	WOS:000335665500027
keywords	Evolutionary; developmental; design; performance; optimisation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia11_112
id	acadia11_112
authors	Klinger, Kevin
year	2011
title	Informing Design through Production Formulations
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.112
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 112-113
summary	Over the decade of the aughts, architectural discourse has charted a new course, and in the wake of the digital effect on mainstream architectural thinking, we find ourselves in a great age of exploration. Research in digital fabrication has moved from the general to the specific, in that it aims to focus efforts related to technological impact on particular cases and variable parameters which contribute to even larger ideas, such as manufacturing, the social impact, sustainable practices, etc. Specific work on building components, coupled with a pragmatic rigor about durability, strength, and production have provided concrete examples of work that spin out of these design-through-production investigations. To be certain, each new design-through-production project explores unique territory and contributes to the knowledge map by adding to a matrix of possible applications. Still, we align our work with the age-old discipline of architectural thinking, while privileging “Making, Materials, Performance, Form, and Function.” Indeed, form is informed by performance! The principles that govern the human decision-making, in light of this new kind of digitally generated work have yet to be clearly articulated, but techniques and methods have expanded to create new opportunities for making architecture. In fact, research has tended to be less about framing the new principles for making digital architecture and more about adding specific cases to the knowledge base, as each new project helps to define the collective body.
series	ACADIA
type	moderator overview
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaade2011_144
id	ecaade2011_144
authors	Kunze, Antje; Halatsch, Jan; Vanegas, Carlos; Jacobi, Martina Maldaner
year	2011
title	A Conceptual Participatory Design Framework for Urban Planning: The case study workshop ‘World Cup 2014 Urban Scenarios’, Porto Alegre, Brazil
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.895
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.895-903
summary	This paper focuses on the definition of a conceptual participatory design framework for urban planning. Traditional planning methods can no longer satisfy the growing demands on sustainable urban planning in regard to factors such as complexity, problem size, and level of detail and these limitations make the development of new approaches necessary. Expert knowledge as well as insights from stakeholders and community members needs to take part equally in the decision-making process since they are responsible for a broad understanding and acceptance of final planning decisions. Therefore, a participatory framework is presented in the following, which integrates needs and requirements of stakeholders. In order to enable diverse groups of stakeholders to act conjointly, we propose the application of interactive decision support tools, which will leverage general conclusions especially to solve crucial zplanning decisions.
wos	WOS:000335665500103
keywords	Decision-making process; stakeholder participation; shape grammars; procedural model; urban planning
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

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