Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2011_p047
id	cf2011_p047
authors	Vermeersch, Peter-Willem; Nijs Greg, Heylighen Ann
year	2011
title	Mediating Objects in Architectural Design: a Non-Visual Exploration
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 721-734.
summary	Through their daily interactions with the built environment, people with disabilities become able to appreciate spatial qualities or detect obstacles that architects may not be attuned to. This observation motivated us to explore scenarios for involving people with sensory disabilities as experts in the design process. An architecture office participating in a real-world design competition is teamed up with two blind persons. The design process is studied in real time through a team ethnography. The analysis in this paper focuses on the mediating aspects of objects in the actions, perception and cognition in one collaborative design meeting in particular. In general, disability situations can teach us something about fixed ways of doing by making perceivable, or questioning practices that seem self-evident. In this particular situation, the blind person’s involvement in a design meeting that relies heavily on representational artifacts, makes perceivable or questions everyday practices in architects’ design process that are taken for granted. Examples include knowing and indicating to others where design elements are on the site, knowing what design element is being talked about, holding the element and its environment ‘in place’, or spatially exploring the design’s spatial configuration. As such, our study shows that exploring inclusivity ‘upstream’, i.e. in the design process, may contribute not only to inclusive design, but also to a more articulate understanding of the working of mediating objects and their use in architects’ design processes tout court.
keywords	architectural design, blindness, disability, participant observation, users
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	caadria2011_067
id	caadria2011_067
authors	Neisch, Paulina
year	2011
title	Colour-code models: The concept of spatial network
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.707
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 707-716
summary	The main goal for the architects or planners is to understand a perspective of the user. The foundation of the design process is to create buildings and environments, which will be both innovative and functional for all types of users, including adults and children. While planning the environments for children the particular aspects should be considered. The important questions are: What kind of contact does child have with the city, urban places and buildings? How does the child construct the picture of the city? What kind of urban or architectural spaces contributes to the relation that a child has with the environment? Most of the previous studies concentrating on creation of spaces for children have focused on the perspectives that have adults. According to CAADRIA 2010 paper, the objective of our study was to “learn about” (get to know the) children’s perception of everyday places. The main goal of the project was to define an appropriate tool for the design process. We identified three elements, which were considered to be the most important for child’s identification with environment: home, school, and the journey from home to school. For this purpose, children living in a residential community in Bangkok were surveyed. Contrariwise to the quantitative approach (Neisch, 2010), the concept of Colour – Code Models of space propose a qualitative development of this research – a graphic language which allow to understand the children’s spatial world, the novel way to analyze and present space, useful for educate architects and planners.
keywords	Spatial network; perception and representation of environment; drawing processing; data analyses; design for children
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	eaea2009_loerincz_szilagyi_urbin
id	eaea2009_loerincz_szilagyi_urbin
authors	Loerincz, Daniel; Brigitta Szilagyi, Agnes Urbin
year	2011
title	Space Representation with Six Vanishing Points
source	Projecting Spaces [Proceedings of the 9th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 978-3-942411-31-8 ], pp. 161-171
summary	Even the antique world’s scientists were interested in the problem of realistic space representation. Renaissance artists realized the first significant results with the one landmark perspective: in this mode the relative positions of objects are easy to define. Leonardo da Vinci discovered that the one-point perspective shows in different measure the objects in the same distances from the viewer but different distances from the landmark. To eliminate this problem he applied the natural perspective for the first time (two-point perspective). With this method he extended the field of view to 90° (in line with the horizon). Later the three-point perspective made possible to represent those objects which have quite large extension in all directions. Because of the feature of the human eye in everyday life we only need these three space representations. The extension of the field of view raises the problem that parallel lines seem to run to different landmarks. So we can conclude that in case of large field of view the images of straight lines are usually not straight lines. This paradox is possible because in case of perspectives with one two and three vanishing points we represent only half lines on the paper and we neglect three more landmarks. It’s easy to see that if two parallel lines meet in front of us, it must happen in the same way behind us. The six- point perspective is a space representation which takes these problems into consideration. In this way we are able to represent on a terminate field the whole space around us except the viewpoint. This system can terminate the rank of the perspectives started with the traditional one-, two- and three- point perspectives and continued with the four- and five-point perspectives. In literature we can find some book about art which is engaged in this system and gives alternative solutions against the conventional space representations and some enterprising artist are making experiments in this field.
series	other
type	normal paper
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2011/03/04 08:54

_id	eaea2009_martens_peter
id	eaea2009_martens_peter
authors	Martens, Bob; Herbert Peter
year	2011
title	Potemkin Village, reloaded Visualization of Destroyed Synagogues within the Cityscape of Vienna
source	Projecting Spaces [Proceedings of the 9th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 978-3-942411-31-8 ], pp. 53-58
summary	In our everyday life experience the use of projection media is ever present. The theme of this EAEA-conference seems at a first glance to be in favour of the projected view in a timeline, directed towards to the future. However, a re-reading of the thematic direction does suggest a relative consideration and viewing of both past and future. This contribution will elaborate on the virtual reconstruction of synagogues in the City of Vienna. On one hand, the use of fac_ade projections will be presented as a means to recreate a previous (non-existing) situation over a given time span in a manner which does not change the physical condition of the current building stock as such. Given that interior photography of the synagogues is very limited or non-existent, the possibility of recreating a set of endoscopic representations will be examined.
series	other
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2011/03/04 08:45

_id	sigradi2018_1359
id	sigradi2018_1359
authors	Bertola Duarte, Rovenir; Ziger Dalgallo, Ayla; Consalter Diniz, Maria Luisa; Romão Magoga, Thais
year	2018
title	A window to the autism: the political role of the difference of an objectile in the homogeneous school
source	SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 848-853
summary	This paper approaches the insertion of an objectile in the homogeneous space of a school, looking to bring flexibility and responsiveness to assist a user with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The research concerns with photosensitivity, a problem faced by almost 25% of the children with autism (Miller-Horn; Spence; Takeoka, 2011). The study is based on the theories for ASD environments that speak of ‘sensorial perception’ and ‘thinking with imagery’ (Mostafa, 2008), and the coexistence of Sensory Design Theory and Neuro-Typical Method (Pomana, 2015). The result consists of a gadget developed in MIT App Inventor tool and a curtain that interact responsively through an Arduino code, for a new connection between the user and his surroundings.
keywords	Objectile; Responsive Architecture; Architecture and autism; ASD; Inclusive school
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	cf2011_p135
id	cf2011_p135
authors	Chen Rui, Irene; Schnabel Marc Aurel
year	2011
title	Multi-touch - the future of design interaction
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 557-572.
summary	The next major revolution for design is to bring the natural user interaction into design activities. Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) brought a new approach that was more effective compared to their conventional predecessors. In recent years, Natural User Interfaces (NUI) have advanced user experiences and multi-touch and gesture technologies provide new opportunities for a variety of potential uses in design. Much attention has been paid to leverage in the design of interactive interfaces. The mouse input and desktop screen metaphors limit the information sharing for multiple users and also delayed the direct interaction for communication between each other. This paper proposes the innovative method by integrating game engine ‘Unity3D’ with multi-touch tangible interfaces. Unity3D provides a game development tool as part of its application package that has been designed to let users to focus on creating new games. However, it does not limit the usage of area to design additional game scenarios since the benefits of Unity3D is allowing users to build 3D environments with its customizable and easy to use editor, graphical pipelines to openGL (http://unity3d.com/, 2010 ). It creates Virtual Reality (VR) environments which can simulates places in the real world, as well as the virtual environments helping architects and designers to vividly represent their design concepts through 3D visualizations, and interactive media installations in a detailed multi-sensory experience. Stereoscopic displays advanced their spatial ability while solving issues to design e.g. urban spaces. The paper presents how a multi-touch tabletop can be used for these design collaboration and communication tasks. By using natural gestures, designers can now communicate and share their ideas by manipulating the same reference simultaneously using their own input simultaneously. Further studies showed that 3Dl forms are perceived and understood more readily through haptic and proprioceptive perception of tangible representations than through visual representation alone (Gillet et al, 2005). Based on the authors’ framework presented at the last CAADFutures, the benefits of integrating 3D visualization and tactile sensory can be illustrated in this platform (Chen and Wang, 2009), For instance, more than one designer can manipulate the 3D geometry objects on tabletop directly and can communicate successfully their ideas freely without having to waiting for the next person response. It made the work more effective which increases the overall efficiency. Designers can also collect the real-time data by any change they make instantly. The possibilities of Uniy3D make designing very flexible and fun, it is deeply engaging and expressive. Furthermore, the unity3D is revolutionizing the game development industry, its breakthrough development platform for creating highly interactive 3D content on the web (http://unity3d.com/ , 2010) or similar to the interface of modern multimedia devices such as the iPhone, therefore it allows the designers to work remotely in a collaborative way to integrate the design process by using the individual mobile devices while interacting design in a common platform. In design activities, people create an external representation of a domain, often of their own ideas and understanding. This platform helps learners to make their ideas concrete and explicit, and once externalized, subsequently they reflect upon their work how well it sits the real situation. The paper demonstrates how this tabletop innovatively replaces the typical desktop metaphor. In summary, the paper addresses two major issues through samples of collaborative design: firstly presenting aspects of learners’ interactions with physical objects, whereby tangible interfaces enables them constructing expressive representations passively (Marshall, 2007), while focussing on other tasks; and secondly showing how this novel design tool allows designers to actively create constructions that might not be possible with conventional media.
keywords	Multi-touch tabletop, Tangible User Interface
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	26ce
id	26ce
authors	Facklam, Ferdinand; Pecegueiro Curado, Felipe
year	2011
title	Data Driven Parametric Design
source	PARC Journal - Issue 7
summary	In the case study “Live Building” explains a sensory process. The project shows how to collect data,transformed and transported into a shape. Innovation is not only the approach of the draft, but the systematic procedure and the resulting diversity of solutions. The search for the geometric shape and the key to the concept will be answered in detail.
keywords	Architecture, Computer Systems, Parametric Design, Sensor Technology, Urban Development
series	journal paper
type	normal paper
email
more	http://www.fec.unicamp.br/~parc/vol2/n7/parc07_facklan.pdf
last changed	2011/10/28 11:01

_id	sigradi2011_111
id	sigradi2011_111
authors	Giordano, Ruben; Osella, Monica; Pieragostini Patricia
year	2011
title	De la Esfera al Laberinto. Enseñanza del Diseño con Integración de las Tecnologías de la Comunicación y la Información [From the sphere to the labyrinth.Teaching Design Integrating Communication and Information Technologies]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 419-423
summary	The document highlights the results attain in the integration of analog and digital resources for updating the learning workshop of architectural project. The importance of this development is manifested as an achievement, considering the diversity of elements involved in methodological convergence, which combines abstract algorithms with sensory experiences and promoting the transformation of the physical setting of the workshop in an analog-digital environment, which extends significantly the horizons of the experiment carried out by the students. The text also outlines the theoretical foundations, the tools used, the procedures, the stages and a conclusion as a provisional assessment of the results.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	cf2011_p027
id	cf2011_p027
authors	Herssens, Jasmien; Heylighen Ann
year	2011
title	A Framework of Haptic Design Parameters for Architects: Sensory Paradox Between Content and Representation
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 685-700.
summary	Architects‚Äîlike other designers‚Äîtend to think, know and work in a visual way. In design research, this way of knowing and working is highly valued as paramount to design expertise (Cross 1982, 2006). In case of architecture, however, it is not only a particular strength, but may as well be regarded as a serious weakness. The absence of non-visual features in traditional architectural spatial representations indicates how these are disregarded as important elements in conceiving space (Dischinger 2006). This bias towards vision, and the suppression of other senses‚Äîin the way architecture is conceived, taught and critiqued‚Äîresults in a disappearance of sensory qualities (Pallasmaa 2005). Nevertheless, if architects design with more attention to non visual senses, they are able to contribute to more inclusive environments. Indeed if an environment offers a range of sensory triggers, people with different sensory capacities are able to navigate and enjoy it. Rather than implementing as many sensory triggers as possible, the intention is to make buildings and spaces accessible and enjoyable for more people, in line with the objective of inclusive design (Clarkson et al. 2007), also called Design for All or Universal Design (Ostroff 2001). Within this overall objective, the aim of our study is to develop haptic design parameters that support architects during design in paying more attention to the role of haptics, i.e. the sense of touch, in the built environment by informing them about the haptic implications of their design decisions. In the context of our study, haptic design parameters are defined as variables that can be decided upon by designers throughout the design process, and the value of which determines the haptic characteristics of the resulting design. These characteristics are based on the expertise of people who are congenitally blind, as they are more attentive to non visual information, and of professional caregivers working with them. The parameters do not intend to be prescriptive, nor to impose a particular method. Instead they seek to facilitate a more inclusive design attitude by informing designers and helping them to think differently. As the insights from the empirical studies with people born blind and caregivers have been reported elsewhere (Authors 2010), this paper starts by outlining the haptic design parameters resulting from them. Following the classification of haptics into active, dynamic and passive touch, the built environment unfolds into surfaces that can act as ‚Äúmovement‚Äù, ‚Äúguiding‚Äù and/or ‚Äúrest‚Äù plane. Furthermore design techniques are suggested to check the haptic qualities during the design process. Subsequently, the paper reports on a focus group interview/workshop with professional architects to assess the usability of the haptic design parameters for design practice. The architects were then asked to try out the parameters in the context of a concrete design project. The reactions suggest that the participating architects immediately picked up the underlying idea of the parameters, and recognized their relevance in relation to the design project at stake, but that their representation confronts us with a sensory paradox: although the parameters question the impact of the visual in architectural design, they are meant to be used by designers, who are used to think, know and work in a visual way.
keywords	blindness, design parameters, haptics, inclusive design, vision
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	cf2011_p147
id	cf2011_p147
authors	Erbas, Irem; Bittermann Michael, Stouffs Rudi
year	2011
title	Use of a Knowledge Model for Integrated Performance Evaluation for Housing (re)design Towards Environmental Sustainability: A Case Study
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 281-296.
summary	This paper focuses on the development of a knowledge model in the context of energy efficiency and indoor climate interventions, their impacts on each other and on architectural design preferences (for instance architectural expression or any spatial functionality aspect) via an existing house case study. In addition, it attempts to discuss how this type of model can be a reference for a decision support tool and be applied to the (re)design of dwellings. The model is considered to provide an integral knowledge base for the design professional both to evaluate existing designs and to use it as a support during design and decision making in order to reach the best possible solution, with optimal performance in terms of indoor comfort, energy-efficiency and overall design performance. In other words, its aim is to enable the assessment of the performance of the end result with respect to design choices, beforehand. In this paper, design performance is modeled by means of fuzzy logic operations. It is a method to deal with subjective and vague requirements such as low energy consumption, low overheating risk, high comfort, etc. The method of intelligent information processing is explained and a partial application is presented.
keywords	energy efficiency, indoor comfort, design decision support, knowledge modeling, performance evaluation
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	sigradi2011_125
id	sigradi2011_125
authors	Groetelaars, Natalie Johanna; Amorín, Arivaldo
year	2011
title	Tecnologia 3D Laser Scanning: Características Processos e Ferramentas para Manipulação de Nuvens de Pontos [3D Laser Scanning Technology: characteristics, processes and point cloud tools]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 490-494
summary	This paper presents techniques and tools to manipulate point cloud from terrestrial laser scanner. Firstly, architectural survey phases are presented, since planning and capturing point cloud of existing buildings, until processing and obtaining several products from point cloud data. Secondly, we cite and classify in four categories some point cloud software, used in laser scan survey and processing phases: (1) scan; (2) visualization; (3) processing; (4) quality inspection.
keywords	3D laser scanning technology; point cloud tools; geometrical modeling; architectural survey; computational tools
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	acadia11_70
id	acadia11_70
authors	Gutierrez, Maria-Paz
year	2011
title	Innovative Puzzles
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.070
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 70-71
summary	Matter and information; information and matter. A puzzle unveiled little by little. Hardly surprising since every atom, molecule, and basic particle in the universe registers bits of information. All interactions between these components, inert and alive, owe their existence to matter’s intrinsic ability to process information. Such aptitude explains how complex systems can arise from fundamentally simple organizational laws. In fact, the world’s almost infinite material combinations, viable through such few basic elements, are one of the most visible expressions of these capabilities. Triggered by the developments in quantum physics across the twentieth century, our understanding of material processes radically shifted our impressions of the world. For decades our scales of perception and manipulation have continued to expand into almost unfathomable boundaries. Yet, the study of the interdependencies between matter and information is still fundamentally part of the sciences and engineering. Only just recently did architecture venture into this inherently intricate field. The subsequent set of papers here presented posit fundamental interrogations of potential interdependencies between matter and information. Without fear to confront the obstacles of delving into a largely unexplored field of architecture, these researchers forge new frontiers of interrelating computational parameters to multi-physics in the complex settings of architectural scale. Unlike other epistemologies, architecture cannot be reduced to a single scale of exploration. We can neither restrict scalar boundaries (i.e., nano to micro), nor reduce morphologies to simplify the processing of multiple physics without compromising the design problem. By default, it is more difficult to conceptually and numerically articulate the abstract and numerical criteria of complex geometries and material variables.
series	ACADIA
type	moderator overview
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2011_013
id	caadria2011_013
authors	Kozlova, Karine; Roham M. Sheikholeslami, Lyn Bartram and Robert F. Woodbury
year	2011
title	Graph visualization in computer-aided design: An exploration of alternative representations for GenerativeComponentsTM Symbolic View
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.133
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 133-142
summary	In this paper we explore graph models used to illustrate the relationships between elements of designs in computer-aided design (CAD) systems. We discuss common limitations and ways to make such representations more usable and interactive. In order to study common problems of symbolic representations in CAD systems, we conducted a survey of a number of CAD applications that employ graph representations in their interface and provided comparative analysis of the properties of graph representations in these systems. As a case study we used Bentley GenerativeComponentsTM (GC) system - a parametric CAD application that uses graph (“symbolic”) view to visualize the structure of design. We conducted series of interviews with expert GC users that revealed many limitations of the GC symbolic view. To address these limitations, we developed alternative representations of symbolic view that aim at enhancing user experience with the system and reviewed these with expert GC users. As a result of our study, we developed a set of interactive prototypes using SHriMP1 visualization tool and Processing programming language. These provide improved ways of user interaction with symbolic representation, including better readability of the graph and, as a result, an improved support for design model analysis.
keywords	Graph visualization; visual interfaces; CAD systems; visual interaction; node-link diagrams
series	CAADRIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	sigradi2011_307
id	sigradi2011_307
authors	Lenz Costa Lima, Daniel; Ribeiro Cardoso, Daniel; Soares Lopes, André
year	2011
title	Vento de praia: desenho de vilarejos [Wind Shore – fishermen village’s design]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 538-541
summary	In this work, Type is suggested as a source of knowledge, once acknowledged that it is an efficient response to a specific problem, and that a knowledge based on observation of a greater quantity of occurrence of the phenomenon is more solid. The type is understood under the new Theory of Systems, that is, it carries within itself information on its environment. Thus, its understanding envolves that of the system. A study on the type Traditional Beach Villages of Ceará is then undertaken, using GIS software to retrieve information that are then translated and simulated on a Rhino/Grasshopper scripting.
keywords	Type; General System Theory (GST); Digital Image Processing; algorithm; fishermen's villages
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:54

_id	caadria2011_028
id	caadria2011_028
authors	Lesage, Annemarie and Tomás Dorta
year	2011
title	Two conceptual design tools and an immersive experience: Beyond the pragmatic-pleasurable split in UX
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.291
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 291-300
summary	In a recent study, we compared two conceptual design tools supporting collaboration, a whiteboard software accessed through Internet, and a hybrid immersive system, the Hybrid Ideation Space (HIS). The result of the study appeared to favour the HIS because of its immersive qualities. In this paper, we seek possible explanations as to why immersion delivered a better experience, by looking at the mental workload in relationship to the experience. For the workload we rely on Wickens’ four-dimensional multiple resource model, specifically processing codes (verbal/spatial) and visual channels; and for the experience, Csikszentmihalyi’s concept of flow and our own concept of Design Flow. The designers seemed to be responding to different styles of information processing required of them by each tool, one being more experiential and the other requiring a heavier mental workload. Insight in the cognitive underpinning of a strictly pragmatic immersive experience suggests that UX has also to do with how the information is received and processed by users, without isolating the functional from the rest of the experience.
keywords	User experience; immersion; flow; mental workload; Hybrid Ideation Space
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2011_047
id	caadria2011_047
authors	Ostwald, Michael J.; Josephine Vaughan and Stephan K. Chalup
year	2011
title	Data flow and processing in the computational fractal analysis method
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.493
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 493-502
summary	One of the few quantitative methods available for the consistent analysis of architectural form is the ‘box-counting’ approach to determining the approximate fractal dimension of a plan or elevation. In its computational form this method has been used to analyze the plans and facades of a wide range of buildings. The data points produced are synthesized by the software into a series of fractal dimension (D) values that are in turn compiled in various ways to produce a series of composite results describing a complete building. Once this process is complete the data may be coded with additional information producing a set of mathematical results that describe the form of a building. This paper offers the first complete description of this important analytical process from the point of view of information flow, algorithmic operations, review options and data magnitude. No previous paper has detailed the full scope of the data used in the computational method, or the way in which various stages produce different types of outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the way in which this particular computational method, drawing its inspiration from the complexity in natural systems, may be used to process different types of information and produce various forms of quantitative data to support architectural design and analysis.
keywords	Fractal analysis; computational analysis
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	cf2011_p152
id	cf2011_p152
authors	Plume, Jim; Mitchell John
year	2011
title	An Urban Information Framework to support Planning, Decision-Making & Urban Design
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 653-668.
summary	This paper reports on a 2-year research project undertaken in collaboration with a state planning authority, a major city municipal council and a government-owned development organisation. The project has involved the design of an urban information model framework with the aim of supporting more informed urban planning by addressing the intersection where an individual building interfaces with its urban context. This adopted approach enables new techniques that better model the city and its processes in a transparent and accessible manner. The primary driver for this project was the challenge provided by the essential incompatibility between legacy GIS (geographic information system) datasets and BIM (building information model) representations of the built form. When dealing with urban scale information, GIS technologies use an overlay mapping metaphor linked to traditional relational database technologies to identify features or regions in the urban landscape and attach attribute data to those in order to permit analysis and informed assessment of the urban form. On the other hand, BIM technologies adopt an object-oriented approach to model the full three-dimensional characteristics of built forms in a way that captures both the geometric and physical attributes of the parts that make up a building, as well as the relationships between those parts and the spaces defined by the building fabric. The latter provides a far richer semantic structure to the data, while the former provides robust tools for a wide range of urban analyses. Both approaches are widely recognised as serving well the needs of their respective domains, but there is a widespread belief that we need to reconcile the two disparate approaches to modelling the real world. This project has sought to address that disjunction between modelling approaches. The UrbanIT project concentrated on two aspects of this issue: the development of a framework for managing information at the precinct and building level through the adoption of an object-oriented database technology that provides a platform for information management; and an exploration of ontology tools and how they can be adopted to facilitate semantic information queries across diverse data sources based on a common urban ontology. This paper is focussed on the first of those two agendas, examining the context of the work, the challenges addressed by the framework and the structure of our solution. A prototype implementation of the framework is illustrated through an urban precinct currently undergoing renewal and redevelopment, finishing with a discussion of future work that comes out of this project. Our approach to the implementation of the urban information model has been to propose extensions to ISO/PAS 16739, the international standard for modelling building information that is commonly known as IFC (Industry Foundation Classes). Our reason for adopting that approach is primarily our deep commitment to the adoption of open standards to facilitate the exchange of information across the built environment professions, but also because IFC is based on a robust object schema that can be used to construct a internet-accessible database able, theoretically, to handle the vast quantity of data needed to model urban-scale information. The database solution comes with well-established protocols for handling data security, integrity, versioning and transaction processing or querying. A central issue addressed through this work is concerned with level of detail. An urban information model permits a very precise and detailed representation of an urban precinct, while many planning analyses rely on simplified object representations. We will show that a key benefit of our approach is the ability to simultaneously maintain multiple representations of objects, making use of the concept of model view definitions to manage diverse analysis needs.
keywords	urban information modelling, geographic information systems, city models, interoperability, urban planning, open standards
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	sigradi2011_411
id	sigradi2011_411
authors	Pujol, Mónica; Farkas Monica; Feinsilber, Sebastián; Cruz, Diego; Mato, Gastón
year	2011
title	Dispositivos de visualización y cartografías digitales del Diseño [Visualization devices and digital mapping of Design]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 391-394
summary	As part of the UBACyT A038 Digital Map Buenos Aires City Design research project, we propose, on the one hand, to examine the misalignments detected between the development of interfaces and the technological developments available for accessibility to complex information systems, applied to map the field of design; on the other hand, to show the advances achieved in the realization of a digital visual device that enables collaborative data input that allows visualization of the different variables of the design state in Buenos Aires, through digital processing and analytical interpretation of information.
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:58

_id	acadia17_512
id	acadia17_512
authors	Rossi, Andrea; Tessmann, Oliver
year	2017
title	Collaborative Assembly of Digital Materials
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.512
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 512- 521
summary	Current developments in design-to-production workflows aim to allow architects to quickly prototype designs that result from advanced design processes while also embedding the constraints imposed by selected fabrication equipment. However, the enduring physical separation between design space and fabrication space, together with a continuous approach to both design, via NURBs modeling software, and fabrication, through irreversible material processing methods, limit the possibilities to extend the advantages of a “digital” approach (Ward 2010), such as full editability and reversibility, to physical realizations. In response to such issues, this paper proposes a processto allow the concurrent design and fabrication of discrete structures in a collaborative process between human designer and a 6-axis robotic arm. This requires the development of design and materialization procedures for discrete aggregations, including the modeling of assembly constraints, as well as the establishment of a communication platform between human and machine actors. This intends to offer methods to increase the accessibility of discrete design methodologies, as well as to hint at possibilities for overcoming the division between design and manufacturing (Carpo 2011; Bard et al. 2014), thus allowing intuitive design decisions to be integrated directly within assembly processes (Johns 2014).
keywords	material and construction; construction/robotics; smart assembly/construction; generative system
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	cf2011_p127
id	cf2011_p127
authors	Benros, Deborah; Granadeiro Vasco, Duarte Jose, Knight Terry
year	2011
title	Integrated Design and Building System for the Provision of Customized Housing: the Case of Post-Earthquake Haiti
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 247-264.
summary	The paper proposes integrated design and building systems for the provision of sustainable customized housing. It advances previous work by applying a methodology to generate these systems from vernacular precedents. The methodology is based on the use of shape grammars to derive and encode a contemporary system from the precedents. The combined set of rules can be applied to generate housing solutions tailored to specific user and site contexts. The provision of housing to shelter the population affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake illustrates the application of the methodology. A computer implementation is currently under development in C# using the BIM platform provided by Revit. The world experiences a sharp increase in population and a strong urbanization process. These phenomena call for the development of effective means to solve the resulting housing deficit. The response of the informal sector to the problem, which relies mainly on handcrafted processes, has resulted in an increase of urban slums in many of the big cities, which lack sanitary and spatial conditions. The formal sector has produced monotonous environments based on the idea of mass production that one size fits all, which fails to meet individual and cultural needs. We propose an alternative approach in which mass customization is used to produce planed environments that possess qualities found in historical settlements. Mass customization, a new paradigm emerging due to the technological developments of the last decades, combines the economy of scale of mass production and the aesthetics and functional qualities of customization. Mass customization of housing is defined as the provision of houses that respond to the context in which they are built. The conceptual model for the mass customization of housing used departs from the idea of a housing type, which is the combined result of three systems (Habraken, 1988) -- spatial, building system, and stylistic -- and it includes a design system, a production system, and a computer system (Duarte, 2001). In previous work, this conceptual model was tested by developing a computer system for existing design and building systems (Benr__s and Duarte, 2009). The current work advances it by developing new and original design, building, and computer systems for a particular context. The urgent need to build fast in the aftermath of catastrophes quite often overrides any cultural concerns. As a result, the shelters provided in such circumstances are indistinct and impersonal. However, taking individual and cultural aspects into account might lead to a better identification of the population with their new environment, thereby minimizing the rupture caused in their lives. As the methodology to develop new housing systems is based on the idea of architectural precedents, choosing existing vernacular housing as a precedent permits the incorporation of cultural aspects and facilitates an identification of people with the new housing. In the Haiti case study, we chose as a precedent a housetype called ‚Äúgingerbread houses‚Äù, which includes a wide range of houses from wealthy to very humble ones. Although the proposed design system was inspired by these houses, it was decided to adopt a contemporary take. The methodology to devise the new type was based on two ideas: precedents and transformations in design. In architecture, the use of precedents provides designers with typical solutions for particular problems and it constitutes a departing point for a new design. In our case, the precedent is an existing housetype. It has been shown (Duarte, 2001) that a particular housetype can be encoded by a shape grammar (Stiny, 1980) forming a design system. Studies in shape grammars have shown that the evolution of one style into another can be described as the transformation of one shape grammar into another (Knight, 1994). The used methodology departs takes off from these ideas and it comprises the following steps (Duarte, 2008): (1) Selection of precedents, (2) Derivation of an archetype; (3) Listing of rules; (4) Derivation of designs; (5) Cataloguing of solutions; (6) Derivation of tailored solution.
keywords	Mass customization, Housing, Building system, Sustainable construction, Life cycle energy consumption, Shape grammar
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

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