Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia11_272
id	acadia11_272
authors	Dimcic, Milos; Knippers, Jan
year	2011
title	Free-form Grid Shell Design Based on Genetic Algorithms
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.272
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 272-277
summary	In the 21st century, as free-form design grows in popularity, grid shells are becoming a universal structural solution, enabling the conflation of structure and skin (façade) into one single element (Kolarevic 2003). This paper presents some of the results of a comprehensive research project focused on the automated design and optimization of grid structures over some predefined free form shape, with the goal of generating a stable and statically efficient structure. It shows that by combining design and FEM software in an iterative, Genetic Algorithms-based optimization process, stress and deformation in grid shell structures can be significantly reduced, material can be saved and stability enhanced.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ijac20109203
id	ijac20109203
authors	Martini, Kirk
year	2011
title	Optimization and parametric modelling to support conceptual structural design
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 9 - no. 2, 151-166
summary	The paper describes software combining parametric geometric modeling with a version of the harmony search method, modified to support multimodal structural optimization. Researchers have recognized the potential of population-based optimization methods, such as genetic algorithms, to support multimodal optimization: that is, generating a diverse range of good alternative solutions, rather than a single best solution. Among these methods is the harmony search method, which has been demonstrated to be efficient in many unimodal structural optimization problems. The paper describes a new version of the harmony search method, implemented as an assembly within Bentley's Generative Components, enabling high-level control of geometry. The new method is demonstrated on an bridge supported by two inclined parabolic arches, a structure where GC controls a complex geometry with a single variable. Comparative studies of the example find that the new method is more effective than conventional harmony search in consistently finding multiple good solutions.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	caadria2011_017
id	caadria2011_017
authors	Hanafin, Stuart; Sambit Datta and Bernard Rolfe
year	2011
title	Tree facades: Generative modelling with an axial branch rewriting system
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.175
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 175-184
summary	The methods and algorithms of generative modelling can be improved when representing organic structures by the study of computational models of natural processes and their application to architectural design. In this paper, we present a study of the generation of branching structures and their application to the development of façade support systems. We investigate two types of branching structures, a recursive bifurcation model and an axial tree based L-system for the generation of façades. The aim of the paper is to capture not only the form but also the underlying principles of biomimicry found in branching. This is then tested, by their application to develop experimental façade support systems. The developed algorithms implement parametric variations for façade generation based on natural tree-like branching. The benefits of such a model are: ease of structural optimization, variations of support and digital fabrication of façade components.
keywords	Parametric Modelling; Biomimicry; Lindenmayer Systems; Branching Structures
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2011_071
id	caadria2011_071
authors	Huang, Weixin; Weiguo Xu and Tao Wang
year	2011
title	Structural form generation using interactive genetic algorithm
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.751
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 751-760
summary	Structural form design could be considered as a bi-objective problem which should satisfy both the efficiency criterion of structural engineering and the aesthetic criteria of architects. This research tries to introduce Interactive Genetic Algorithm (IGA) in the problem of structural form design. It combines the structural analysis performed by computer and aesthetic evaluation by architects into a bi-objective IGA process, in order to generate structural forms which are preferred by the architects and at the same time structurally optimal. In this research, the structure generated consists of two kinds of members, truss and beam. Generation and evolution of structure is based on a triangular element composed of several members. Through experiment of the IGA structural form design system, it is found the structure forms are optimized as the evolutionary process proceeds, and the aesthetic preference of architect is also transferred from generation to generation. It is also revealed that the two criteria have mutual restrictions, which resulted in compromised results.
keywords	Bi-objective optimization; structural form; interactive genetic algorithm; subjective evaluation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	ijac20109202
id	ijac20109202
authors	van Embden, Maria Vera; Andres, Michela Turrin, Peter von Buelow
year	2011
title	ARCHITECTURAL DNA: A genetic exploration of complex structures
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 9 - no. 2, 133-150
summary	The approach demonstrated in this paper uses Evolutionary Computation (EC) to enhance and modify structural form based on biological micro structures.The forms are modified to conform to new boundary conditions associated with architectural structures.The process is based on a Genetic Algorithm (GA) which visually exposes for the designer a range of good performing solutions within thedesign space. The application of the GA is combined with parametric software, in this case Generative Components (GC). The program described here as ParaGen (Parametric Genetic Algorithm), uses a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to determine the structural performance of the forms.This allows the designer to manipulate and optimize a parametrically defined model based on predefined criteria and parameters.The opportunities and limitations of this design process are explored and evaluated based on an experimental case study using topologies based on radiolarian skeletons.The design procedure described includes user interaction in the exploration of solutions that perform well both for the explicitly defined programmatic criteria (structural) as well as for the implicit criteria provided by the designer (visual aesthetic).
keywords	structural morphology, parametric design, genetic algorithm, structural optimization.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ecaade2011_020
id	ecaade2011_020
authors	de la Barrera Poblete, Carlos Ignacio
year	2011
title	Evolutionary Strategy to Design Optimized Architecture
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.293
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.293-301
summary	The purpose of the present experiment consists in optimizing a building modifying its apertures (windows) and its geometry to reduce heating and air conditioning consumption. The optimization is performed using a Micro-Genetic Algorithm (Micro-GAs) programmed in C# embedded like a series of functions into GenerativeComponents (GC). EnergyPlus (E+) software is used to evaluate the HVAC consumption levels of the building. The aim of the optimization is to keep the temperature at 20ºC on the hottest and coldest day using the least possible energy (Jules). In conclusion, this article proposes a new technique based on parametric modelling, evaluation and evolutionary optimization to generate efficient buildings with HVAC consumptions.
wos	WOS:000335665500033
keywords	Optimization; Parametric design; Genetic Algorithms; Energy Consumption; Architecture
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia11_82
id	acadia11_82
authors	Ahlquist, Sean; Menges, Achim
year	2011
title	Behavior-based Computational Design Methodologies: Integrative processes for force defined material structures
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.082
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 82-89
summary	With the introduction of physics-based algorithms and modeling environments, design processes have been shifting from the representation of materiality to the simulation of approximate material descriptions. Such computational processes are based upon enacting physical and material behavior, such as gravity, drag, tension, bending, and inflation, within a generative modeling environment. What is often lacking from this strategy is an overall understanding of computational design; that information of increasing value and precision is generated through the development and iterative execution of specific principles and integrative mechanisms. The value of a physics-based modeling method as an information engine is often overlooked, though, as they are primarily utilized for developing representational diagrams or static geometry – inevitably translated to function outside of the physical bounds and parameters defined with the modeling process. The definition of computational design provides a link between process and a larger approach towards architecture – an integrative behavior-based process which develops dynamic specific architectural systems interrelated in their material, spatial, and environmental nature. This paper, focusing on material integration, describes the relation of a computational design approach and the technical framework for a behavior-based integrative process. The application is in the development of complex tension-active architectural systems. The material behavior of tensile meshes and surfaces is integrated and algorithmically calibrated to allow for complex geometries to be materialized as physical systems. Ultimately, this research proposes a computational structure by which material and other sorts of spatial or structural behaviors can be activated within a generative design environment.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ijac20109301
id	ijac20109301
authors	Biloria, Nimish
year	2011
title	InfoMatters, a multi-agent systems approach for generating performative architectural formations
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 9 - no. 3, 205-222
summary	The research paper exemplifies upon a computationally intensive inter-disciplinary research driven design investigation into spatializing the relationship between digital information and physical matter. Focusing on the development of architectural scale urban inserts, the design-research work operates on the intersection of information technology, environmental design, architecture, and computer aided manufacturing domains.The research framework revolves around developing a seamless integration of the aforementioned disciplines in order to establish iterative simulation driven methodologies for generating bottom-up sustainable architectural formations. This is achieved by establishing parametrically driven relational linkages between differential data sets (environmental, social, topological, material etc), which formulate the context (both global and local) within which the proposed project has to be designed. A selforganizing multi-agent system based simulation methodology for generating resultant spatial formations, in time, based on the impacts of the parametric relationships between the aforementioned data sets is eventually embarked upon. This implies, understanding the site as a dynamic information field within which interdependent ecology of agents (representing typology of people, program, structure, speed, desired social interaction etc) with multi-level relational affinities amongst each other as well as the dynamic urban information field. The resultant self-organized multi-agent formations are iteratively mined for identifying logical three-dimensional structural patterns or subjected to programmatic and environmental need driven additional layer of structural simulation with pre-embedded material restraints. An optimized system of multi-performative components that not only populates but also serves as an integrated structural + skin system of the results obtained from the agent based simulations (based upon the degree of inclusion/exclusion of parameters such as the amount of light, sound, wind etc) is subsequently generated. These experimental projects attained the status of self-evolving ecologies of multi-dimensional agents with embodied behavioural profiles, thus providing engaged, highly interdependent design by simulation outputs. The outputs showcase a dynamic system's driven approach towards sustainable design by stressing upon the idea of cohesively binding information and material systems from the very beginning of the design process. Such approaches help in reducing post-optimization of built form and consequently allow for rational understanding of performance criteria and its impact on formal articulations throughout the design process.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ecaade2011_172
id	ecaade2011_172
authors	Okuda, Shinya; Ping, Chua Liang
year	2011
title	Form Follows Performance: Structural Optimisation and the Cost-effectiveness of Digital Fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.837
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.837-842
summary	The presented paper describes a series of studio-based research projects on structural optimisation and the cost-effectiveness of digital fabrication that aim to balance stress distribution across thick walls or a rib density of slabs. As a consequence of the structural optimisations, the results tend to be non-uniform shapes that are not ideal for cost-effective fabrication. This paper introduces a few simple models to balance structural optimisation and fabrication cost-effectiveness. It involves relatively simple structural simulations as the design inputs, and then converts the simulation results into various architectural forms using parametric 3D modelling tool (McNeel Rhinoceros v4, Grasshopper v0.8) before fabricating them using digital fabrication technologies. The major challenge of this study is how to translate simulation results into architectural components/overall building shapes and how to fabricate complex forms in a cost-effective manner.
wos	WOS:000335665500096
keywords	Digital Fabrication; Mass Customisation; Cost-effectiveness; Structural Optimization; Parametric
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ecaade2011_108
id	ecaade2011_108
authors	Celani, Gabriela; Beirão, José N.; Duarte, José P.: Vaz, Carlos
year	2011
title	Optimizing the “characteristic structure”: Combining shape grammars and genetic algorithms to generate urban patterns
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.491
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.491-500
summary	The present paper is part of an undergoing research that aims at developing software that can generate urban plans, based on contemporary urban design concepts, in an optimized way. As a design method, the project proposes the use of the trilogy formulation/ generation/evaluation, which starts with an outline of the design requirements, proceeds with the definition of generative procedures that can result in these requirements, and follows with the evaluation of the generated designs. The paper describes the development of a computer program that implements some of Marshall’s evaluation methods, and further elaborates them to define generative criteria and to optimize the resulting designs with GA techniques. The program aims at generating what Marshall calls a “characteristic structure”, a type of urban fabric that is usually found in vernacular urban fabrics.
wos	WOS:000335665500057
keywords	Generative design; urban design; genetic algorithms; shape grammars
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ecaade2011_130
id	ecaade2011_130
authors	Güngör, Özge; Ça_da_, Gülen; Balaban, Özgün
year	2011
title	A Mass Customization Oriented Housing Design Model Based on Genetic Algorithm
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.325
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.325-331
summary	Today, right along with the products marketed and manufactured by the mass production techniques, continuously developing computing and technology have an undeniable impact on customized design, in which the users have a say on the products design and manufacturing. Mass customization is slowly settling down in architectural design concepts as well, like housing which is one of the best areas where users can reflect their living habits and preferences. In this study, user centric mass customization based model is developed, which creates housing floor plan combining the user-supplied data with the best possible creations generated by the genetic algorithms.
wos	WOS:000335665500037
keywords	Architectural Design Computing; Housing Design; Genetic Algorithm; Mass Customization
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ecaade2011_099
id	ecaade2011_099
authors	Ahlquist, Sean; Menges, Achim
year	2011
title	Methodological Approach for the Integration of Material Information and Performance in the Design Computation for Tension-Active Architectural Systems
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.799
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.799-808
summary	As computational design processes have moved from representation to simulation, the focus has shifted towards advanced integration of performance as a form defining measure. Performance, though, is often assessed purely on the level of geometry and stratified between hierarchically independent layers. When looking at tension-active membrane systems, performance is integrated across multiple levels and with only the membrane material itself, defining the structural, spatial and atmospheric qualities. The research described in this paper investigates the integrative nature of this type of lightweight structure and proposes methodologies for generating highly articulated and differentiated systems. As material is a critical component, the research focuses on a system-based approach which places priority on the inclusion of material research and parameterization into a behavior-based computational process.
wos	WOS:000335665500092
keywords	Material behavior; material computation; system; gestalt; tension-active system
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia12_47
id	acadia12_47
authors	Aish, Robert ; Fisher, Al ; Joyce, Sam ; Marsh, Andrew
year	2012
title	Progress Towards Multi-Criteria Design Optimisation Using Designscript With Smart Form, Robot Structural Analysis and Ecotect Building Performance Analysis"
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.047
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 47-56
summary	Important progress towards the development of a system that enables multi-criteria design optimisation has recently been demonstrated during a research collaboration between Autodesk’s DesignScript development team, the University of Bath and the engineering consultancy Buro Happold. This involved integrating aspects of the Robot Structural Analysis application, aspects of the Ecotect building performance application and a specialist form finding solver called SMART Form (developed by Buro Happold) with DesignScript to create a single computation environment. This environment is intended for the generation and evaluation of building designs against both structural and building performance criteria, with the aim of expediently supporting computational optimisation and decision making processes that integrate across multiple design and engineering disciplines. A framework was developed to enable the integration of modeling environments with analysis and process control, based on the authors’ case studies and experience of applied performance driven design in practice. This more generalised approach (implemented in DesignScript) enables different designers and engineers to selectively configure geometry definition, form finding, analysis and simulation tools in an open-ended system without enforcing any predefined workflows or anticipating specific design strategies and allows for a full range of optimisation and decision making processes to be explored. This system has been demonstrated to practitioners during the Design Modeling Symposium, Berlin in 2011 and feedback from this has suggested further development.
keywords	Design Optimisation , Scripting , Form Finding , Structural Analysis , Building Performance
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2011_053
id	ecaade2011_053
authors	Barros, Mário; Duarte, José P.; Chaparro, Bruno
year	2011
title	Digital Thonet: An automated system for the generation and analysis of custom-made chairs
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.521
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.521-529
summary	A system is presented to support the designer in creating custom versions of chairs within a predefined design language using Thonet chairs as a case study. The system consists of parametric models based on shape grammars linked to structural analysis to provide an integrated generative process for mass customization in the furniture industry.
wos	WOS:000335665500060
keywords	Thonet; furniture design; finite element method; parametric design; mass customization
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ecaade2012_261
id	ecaade2012_261
authors	Feringa, Jelle; Sondergaard, Asbjorn
year	2012
title	Design and Fabrication of Topologically Optimized Structures; An Integral Approach - A Close Coupling Form Generation and Fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.495
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 495-500
summary	Integral structural optimization and fabrication seeks the synthesis of two original approaches; that of topological optimization (TO) and robotic hotwire cutting (HWC) (Mcgee 2011). TO allows for the reduction of up to 70% of the volume of concrete to support a given structure (Sondergaard & Dombernowsky 2011). A strength of the method is that it allows to come up with structural designs that lie beyond the grasp of traditional means of design. A design space is a discretized volume, delimiting where the optimization will take place. The number of cells used to discretize the design space thus sets the resolution of the TO. While the approach of the application of TO as a constitutive design tool centers on structural aspects in the design phase (Xie 2010), the outcome of this process are structures that cannot be realized within a conventional budget. As such the ensuing design is optimal in a narrow sense; whilst optimal structurally though, construction can be prove to be prohibitively expensive.
wos	WOS:000330320600052
keywords	Topology optimization; robotics; hotwire cutting; EPS formwork; concrete structures
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	sigradi2011_405
id	sigradi2011_405
authors	García Alvarado, Rodrigo; Lyon Gottlieb, Arturo
year	2011
title	De la Optimización Estructural Evolutiva al Diseño Paramétrico basado en desempeño; experiencias en plataformas integradas para estrategias de diseño multidisciplinares [From Evolutionary Structural Optimization to performance driven Parametric Design; experiences on integrated platforms for multidisciplinary design strategies]
source	SIGraDi 2011 [Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Argentina - Santa Fe 16-18 November 2011, pp. 201-205
summary	This paper presents a research developed by a multidisciplinary team looking into the use of Topological Optimization and its integration to collaborative design platforms in early stages of design processes. The interest of the experience is focused on how Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) models can be further integrated into parametric design software for the definition of adaptable components in response to environmental and architectural criteria. This research explores platforms and processes for the collaboration between software development, structural engineers and architects in early stages of design as a possibility to relate the potential of computational processes with the definition of design criteria involving architectural, structural and environmental parameters.
keywords	Evolutionary Structural Optimization; Topological Analysis; Parametric Design; Performance Driven Design
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:52

_id	cf2011_p145
id	cf2011_p145
authors	Georgiou, Odysseas
year	2011
title	Interactive Structural Analysis
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 833-846.
summary	This paper re-approaches structural engineering through an interactive perspective by introducing a series of tools that concatenate parametric design with structural analysis, thus achieving interoperability between form and its structural performance. Parametric Design is linked to Structural Analysis using computer programming to establish a common interactive framework that leads to performance based designs that respond to structural constrains and conditions in an interactive manner. A series of examples illustrate the synergy between form and structure by interactively modelling, analysing and visualizing its response.
keywords	Structural engineering, parametric design, interoperability,free form,interactive,analysis
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	acadia11_52
id	acadia11_52
authors	Iwamoto, Lisa; Scott, Craig
year	2011
title	Material Computation: Voussoir cloud
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.052
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 52-55
summary	In contrast to such structurally pure models, the power of computation has opened possibilities for at once muddying and synthesizing geometry, structure and material performance. Where the earlier twentieth century experiments employed a more or less uniform tectonic based on symmetrical structural diagrams, contemporary analysis and design techniques can efficiently adapt a material system to address variable, localized, and non-symmetrical loading conditions. This has resulted in projects characterized by non-optimized structural forms that register the impacts of geometry on material behavior with a deviated tectonic system.
series	ACADIA
type	keynote paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ijac20109303
id	ijac20109303
authors	Meyboom, AnnaLisa
year	2011
title	Heavy Design
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 9 - no. 3, 251-258
summary	Digital tools in architecture have a powerful capability that we have only begun to explore; the questions to ask of them are perhaps not what they can do but what should we use them for? To date, much of the work done in the area of computational design has been used as elaborate patterning - some have called it ‘ornament’. The significance of this ornament is not only pleasure but in its use of digital patterns to represent our current complex and digital age.This representation in itself is not problematic; however, what is problematic is the lack of other meaningful uses of the digital form-generating tools and their distance from a culture of making. The main failing of our use of digital design (algorithmic or not) in architecture to this point is its inability to translate smoothly from the digital world to the physical world. The main reasons for this difficulty in translation are gravity and inherent material properties. Working with gravity and its physical implications is generally considered the role of the structural engineer; as such, engineers have generally created digital tools in this area.The engineer's methodology analyses a structure based on complex structural analysis programming but in order to do this, a detailed description of the structure must already exist. This is not useful in preliminary stages of design. However, the generation of architecture within an environment, which already includes structural principles, may bring us one step closer to this transition of virtual to physical by including gravity in architectural generation while not diminishing the creative form-generating process. An approach has been proposed which responds with a concept of ‘heavy design’. This type of approach incorporates logics from other disciplines, primarily structural engineering, to inform design. The design process incorporates the structural behavior of a system into the architectural model. Engineering offers a mathematical interpretation of the physical world and this is inherently suited to algorithmic design because it is already in equation form. It can thus be programmed into the architectural form generational software. The variables used in the equations become the variables within the architectural design and this inherently brings the natural physical laws to the architecture through a numerical, algorithmic method. The design produced is not a singular answer but rather a responsive vocabulary of a structural system, which is then employed in design in differing conditions. The architecture produced is both function and ornament, having cultural interpretation but carrying out many engineering tasks: a true parametric architecture.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ecaade2011_149
id	ecaade2011_149
authors	Popov, Nikolay
year	2011
title	Generative sub-division morphogenesis with Cellular Automata and Agent-Based Modelling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.166
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.166-174
summary	This paper reports on some recent research carried out to develop computational generative urban design system that can be used as an alternative approach to master planning. The focus of the investigation is an 11 ha site located in the South-East edge of Auckland, New Zealand. The urban (or sub-urban) morphology is modelled as cellular automaton based on Hillier’s (1984) x-y syntax in order to resemble the morphology of the existing village. An agent based system based on Reynolds’ (1987) flocking algorithm evolves synchronously with the automaton and tests its ecological fitness. The emergent pattern of development therefore results from the mutual co-adaption of the cellular automaton and the agent based model. The outcomes are variety of spatial morphologies that connects well with adjacent existing village and at the same time take into account landscape and ecological peculiarities of the site.
wos	WOS:000335665500019
keywords	Generative urban design; structural coupling; cellular automata; agent based modelling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

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