Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadiaregional2011_004
id	acadiaregional2011_004
authors	Sanguinetti, Paola; Chad Kraus
year	2011
title	Thinking in Parametric Phenomenology
source	Parametricism (SPC) ACADIA Regional 2011 Conference Proceedings
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.x.i0d
summary	This project explores the relationship between phenomenology and parametric design. Architects have made compelling arguments for a phenomenological understanding of architecture, rooted in the subject and in direct experience, for which the notion of intentionality plays a central role. However, the inherent subjectivity of phenomenology has remained a barrier to its use as an explicit method of design thinking. On the other hand, the wide spread use of parametric modeling, as a tool to capture design intent, has led to theorizing parameterization in architecture.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	cf2011_p076
id	cf2011_p076
authors	Davis, Daniel; Burry Mark, Burry Jane
year	2011
title	Untangling Parametric Schemata: Enhancing Collaboration Through Modular Programming
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 55-68.
summary	Presently, collaboration is difficult on large and complex parametric models due to the illegibility of unstructured schemata. This lack of legibility makes it hard for an outside author to understand the model, reducing their ability to edit and share the model. This paper investigates whether the legibility of parametric models is enhanced through restructuring the schema with modular programming principles. During a series of thinking-aloud interviews, designers asked to describe the function of unfamiliar schemata could consistently better comprehend the schemata structured with modular principles. Modular programming is found to be a small change to parametric modelling that derives clear benefits in terms of legibility, particularly when the model is large and used in a collaborative environment.
keywords	parametric modelling, parametric schema, end-user programming, modular programming
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ijac20119403
id	ijac20119403
authors	Davis,Daniel; Jane Burry and Mark Burry
year	2011
title	Understanding visual scripts: Improving collaboration through modular programming
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 9 - no. 4, 361-375
summary	Modularisation is a well-known method of reducing code complexity, yet architects are unlikely to modularise their visual scripts. In this paper the impact that modules used in visual scripts have on the architectural design process is investigated with regard to legibility, collaboration, reuse and design modification.Through a series of thinking-aloud interviews, and through the collaborative design and construction of the parametric Dermoid pavilion, modules are found to impact the culture of collaborative design in architecture through relatively minor alterations to how architects organise visual scripts.
series	journal
last changed	2019/07/30 10:55

_id	acadiaregional2011_012
id	acadiaregional2011_012
authors	Karle, David; Brian M. Kelly
year	2011
title	Parametric Thinking
source	Parametricism (SPC) ACADIA Regional 2011 Conference Proceedings
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.x.d0b
summary	Digital tools are currently being used in design schools across the country. This paradigm in both education and practice of architecture is continually changing the profession, from the way in which design is conceived, represented, documented, and fabricated. Parametric design can be defined as a series of questions to establish the variables of a design and a computational definition that can be utilized to facilitate a variety of solutions. Parametric thinking is a way of relating tangible and intangible systems into a design proposal removed from digital tool specificity and establishes relationships between properties within a system. It asks architects to start with the design parameters and not preconceived or predetermined design solutions.
series	ACADIA
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	cf2011_p073
id	cf2011_p073
authors	Nasirova, Diliara; Erhan Halil, Huang Andy T, Woodbury Robert, Riecke Bernhard E.
year	2011
title	Change Detection in 3D Parametric Systems: Human-Centered Interfaces for Change Visualization
source	Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2011 [Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 9782874561429] Liege (Belgium) 4-8 July 2011, pp. 751-764.
summary	The research on current parametric modeling systems concerns mainly about the underlying computational technology and designs produced; and emphasizes less human factors and design tasks. We observe users being challenged in interacting with these systems regardless of their expertise level. In these systems, user’s attention is divided on system-imposed actions such as tool selection and set-up, managing obscured views, frequent view manipulation, and switching between different types of representations. In essence, control of the system can become more demanding than the design task itself. We argue that this unbalanced emphasis inhibits one of the most important functions of parametric design: agility in exploration of design alternatives by applying frequent user-introduced or system-generated changes on the parametric design models. This compounded by the effect of cognitive limitations such as change blindness and shifts in locus of attention hinders change control and imposes an extra cognitive load in design. In this paper, we made a first step in developing a set of heuristics that is going to present how designers’ change control and detection can be improved. We experimented with three interfaces that control and visualize changes on three different compositions in relation to the designer’s locus of attention: on-model, peripheral and combined views. We measured designers’ performance as the number of changes detected, number of trials, and time required to complete each change detection task. The results support our hypothesis that change blindness significantly slows down and overloads design thinking, and thus should not be ignored. Furthermore, an interesting finding shows that visualizations on the visual periphery can equally support change detection as on-model visualizations, but it is significantly easier and faster to detect changes when they are visualized in both views. These findings can guide us to develop better interfaces in 3D parametric systems.
keywords	parametric design, change detection, change blindness, user-centered design, interface ergonomics, HCI, CAD, visualization
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2012/02/11 19:21

_id	ecaade2011_047
id	ecaade2011_047
authors	Wiertelarz, Kathrin M.
year	2011
title	An exploration in teaching architectural design for construction and fabrication
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.35-42
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.035
wos	WOS:000335665500002
summary	The intent of this paper is to examine experimental design methods in the field of architecture and their implementation in academic settings. The projects emerged during design research studio at the institute of digital design techniques at the university of Kassel and collaborative workshops with several institutes. The starting point of the teaching concept was a divergence from the usual methods and ways of thinking, allowing for new, innovative solutions to emergence during the design process. The main point was a development of novel spatial modules in coherence with material and structural considerations. The question of materiality becomes a crucial consideration. The characteristics of different materials used for models development did not just influenced geometrical possibilities but also intensify, explore and organize spatial and structural qualities of the projects.
keywords	Research; Education and Practise; Generative and Parametric Digital Design Aids, Tools for Construction and Production
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	sigradi2018_1359
id	sigradi2018_1359
authors	Bertola Duarte, Rovenir; Ziger Dalgallo, Ayla; Consalter Diniz, Maria Luisa; Romão Magoga, Thais
year	2018
title	A window to the autism: the political role of the difference of an objectile in the homogeneous school
source	SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 848-853
summary	This paper approaches the insertion of an objectile in the homogeneous space of a school, looking to bring flexibility and responsiveness to assist a user with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The research concerns with photosensitivity, a problem faced by almost 25% of the children with autism (Miller-Horn; Spence; Takeoka, 2011). The study is based on the theories for ASD environments that speak of ‘sensorial perception’ and ‘thinking with imagery’ (Mostafa, 2008), and the coexistence of Sensory Design Theory and Neuro-Typical Method (Pomana, 2015). The result consists of a gadget developed in MIT App Inventor tool and a curtain that interact responsively through an Arduino code, for a new connection between the user and his surroundings.
keywords	Objectile; Responsive Architecture; Architecture and autism; ASD; Inclusive school
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	lasg_nearlivingarchitecture_2014_097
id	lasg_nearlivingarchitecture_2014_097
authors	Carroll, Becky; Rob Gorbet and Lucinda Presley
year	2014
title	It Lives! Promoting Creative and Innovation Thinking in Education
source	Near-Living Architecture; Work in Progress from The Hylozoic Ground Collaboration 2011 - 2013 [ISBN 978-1-926724-45-4 (pbk).--ISBN 978-1-926724-57-7 (epub).--ISBN 978-1-926724-58-4 (mobi)] Riverside Architectural Press: Toronto, Canada 2014 pp. 097 - 110
keywords	Living Architecture Systems Group, living architecture, meshworks, metabolisms, kinetic, cybernetic, artificial intelligence, cognition, neuroscience, prototyping, diffusive, subtle phenomena, form-languge, chemistry, natural computing, affect, perception
last changed	2019/07/29 14:00

_id	acadia11_18
id	acadia11_18
authors	Cheng, Nancy Yen-wen
year	2011
title	Forewords: The Need for Nimble Thinking
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 18-19
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.018
summary	The digital age demands fluid movement between different modes of thought. At its foundation, research requires patient study, what Malcolm Gladwell1 describes as the expertise that comes from practicing one thing for 10,000 hours. Careful observation and reflection yield the small insights that lead to bigger discoveries. Through experimenting, designers learn how to do things in an intuitive way, developing a deep tacit knowledge of actions that is hard to express in words.
series	ACADIA
type	introduction
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia11_234
id	acadia11_234
authors	Chok, Kermin
year	2011
title	Progressive Spheres of Innovation: Efficiency, communication and collaboration
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 234-241
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.234
summary	Over the last few years, a large majority of construction work has moved overseas. In response to this, our engineering practice has been involved in a large number of Asian and Middle East design competitions, usually executed in a compressed timeframe. Building codes usually include very specific requirements regarding the lateral performance of a building under seismic and wind loads. This is especially true in China. Our structural engineering practice has thus developed a variety of digital tools customized to building code requirements, in order to provide relevant structural feedback in an appropriate design time frame. The paper will discuss our recent digital design work in the context of building code requirements and information sharing. Our innovations have centered on three progressive spheres of innovation: internal efficiency, communication and collaboration. We propose that only with closer and more transparent collaboration will the building industry be effective and efficient in meeting clients’ needs. However, without first addressing a firm’s internal capabilities of efficiency and communication, the firm will be unable to effectively participate in the collaborative process. This paper begins by discussing various custom Rhino-Grasshopper components to facilitate our internal design process. We then touch on the communication realm discussing work in lowering the barriers for information sharing. Lastly, we explore the necessary shifts in thinking required to move beyond linear design exploration and the exciting opportunity to deliver truly innovative design solutions.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2011_101
id	ecaade2011_101
authors	Colakoglu, Birgul
year	2011
title	Introduction to Architecture Studio: Geometry, Rules and Patterns
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.745-750
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.745
wos	WOS:000335665500086
summary	Introduction to architecture studio introduces students of architecture with fundamentals of design and design thinking. Here, the students learn: analytical thinking by constructive analysis of precedents; language of design by using basic geometric elements and operational/transformational principles among them; and principles of form making by engaging in constructing the form. The paper explains the process of the studio in which shape grammar methodology is utilized in teaching analytical thinking, language of design and principles of form making to architecture students.
keywords	Architecture Studio Education: Shape Grammars: Rule Based Design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	acadia11_316
id	acadia11_316
authors	d’Estree Sterk, Tristan
year	2011
title	Using Robotic Technologies to Integrate External Influences in Design
source	ACADIA 11: Integration through Computation [Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA)] [ISBN 978-1-6136-4595-6] Banff (Alberta) 13-16 October, 2011, pp. 316-317
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2011.316
summary	Designers have always assembled materials to form purposeful connections between ideas and spaces, uniting the height of human thought with the great ability of people to shape the world with their hands and tools. People have understood this opportunity and used it to inform the material investments that they make in buildings.When reflecting upon the past ten or so years of practice it is clear that some methodologies have matured. Professionals, academics and students have found new ways to connect thinking and doing. These connections have a different flavor and tend to feel more analytical to those once used. Previously internalized decisions are being made increasingly explicit by a generation of designers that has found a more meaningful overlap between the theories and procedures of design. The methods they use are visual, analytical, as well as intuitive, and encompassed within a whole gamut of tools such as Grasshopper, Ecotect, Digital Project and Generative Components. All of these tools provide opportunities for designers to inquisitively explore alternative formal, spatial and environmental relationships. The opportunities that are brought by increasing externalization are important. Design is at once turning away from its focus on the end result, be it a building or an interior, and toward a renewed interest in the design process itself. Brought about by encapsulating design principles into self-made tools, this shift has enabled families of formal outcomes rather than singular instances of ‘pure’ architecture. These multiple, equally valid, formal outcomes disrupt more traditional measures of formal legitimacy and help move architects toward more relational understandings of space, time and environment.
series	ACADIA
type	moderator overview
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2011_059
id	caadria2011_059
authors	Fischer, Thomas
year	2011
title	One-behind-the-many metaphysics and the myriad things
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 623-632
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.623
summary	In this paper I identify the metaphysical assumptions underlying much of the science, technology, education and design thinking practiced in contemporary CAAD research in Asia as a Western import. Citing some traditional Asian complements to such assumptions and offering an alternative model, I hope to enable a discussion about assumptions underlying our field as well as an awareness of different standards of thought and responsibility between which CAAD research in Asia may operate.
keywords	CAAD philosophy; blueprint; general; particular
series	CAADRIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2011_057
id	caadria2011_057
authors	Fraser, Matthew and Michael Donn
year	2011
title	Thinking through digital simulation tasks in architectural education
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 599-608
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.599
summary	This study reports the activities of 80 second year architecture students at Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand for the duration of a single trimester. A central theme in this studio is the framing of day-lighting problems into a quantifiable investigation and then addressing these through the use of digital modelling and simulation tools. This study offers an insight to undergraduate architecture students’ negotiation of digital design spaces and asks the question of how the knowledge of skill-based specialist tasks are extensible to core design studio.The mass education within a University environment of such specialist skill based techniques allows for an insight to the negotiation of quantitative and qualitative design criteria. The issue of learning skill based tasks at university level is a pertinent topic of study as the critique of such techniques is implicit to the holistic education of Architects but the level of this critique can vary greatly. This question also highlights the challenges faced to improving the design education approaches to computational thinking and applications.
keywords	Design analysis; daylight simulation; education
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2011_063
id	ecaade2011_063
authors	Garner, Steve; Schadewitz, Nicole; Holden, Georgina; Zamenopoulos, Theodore; Alexiou, Katerina
year	2011
title	Supporting Fragility in Distance Design Education
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.663-672
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.663
wos	WOS:000335665500077
summary	This paper outlines work in progress that seeks to support and develop online distance design education for adult learners. At the core of this paper is the belief that design thinking is fragile and the systems we create to support design thinking are fragile. This has important implications for those seeking to implement immersive environments for teaching and learning in disciplines such as engineering, product design, environment design and architecture. This paper suggests we need to look backwards in order to look forwards; that by examining the characteristics of the traditional ‘atelier’ model of art and design education we might observe clues to a framework of teaching and learning in design that can embrace the opportunities presented by new digital technologies. The paper focuses on the use of Second Life as a component of a wider virtual design atelier and explores how Second Life might potentially offers a means of addressing fragile collaborative learning.
keywords	Design; atelier; ARCHI21; education
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ecaade2011_100
id	ecaade2011_100
authors	Hakak, Alireza M.; Biloria, Nimish
year	2011
title	New perception of virtual environments, Enhancement of creativity: Increasing dimension of design starting point
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.967-975
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.967
wos	WOS:000335665500111
summary	The digital era allows for a new domain of architectural experience. Within a virtual environment designs can be created that go beyond the mere accommodation of literal functions, and that affect and contribute to the human experience by dynamically interacting with and affecting the inhabitants’ life. A key point in “creativity”, considering different disciplines, is the role of previously gained experiences, which cause the emerging of intuition. Accentuating the role of new experiences in enhancing the intuition, by designing in an imaginary world, stands to be an interesting move. Detached from the real one in sense of time and matter, the imaginary world enables the designer to cross the borderline of reality. The hypothesis underlying this ongoing research, from a cognitive point of view, is that the extensiveness of experiences gained by exploring unconventional virtual environments relates positively to both creative performance (enhancing interactivity, lateral thinking, idea generation, etc) and creativity-supporting cognitive processes (retrieval of unconventional knowledge, recruitment of ideas from unconfined virtual environments for creative idea expansion). Practically, the authors propose starting the design from a point cloud in a virtual environment that can be manipulated by the designer immersing in this environment.
keywords	Virtual Environment; Experience; Enhancing creativity; Point cloud
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	ecaade2011_052
id	ecaade2011_052
authors	Hamadah, Qutaibah
year	2011
title	The Polymorphic Diagram
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.318-324
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.318
wos	WOS:000335665500036
summary	Thinking about space and its conception lies at the very essence of architectural design, yet only limited attention has been afforded towards developing and advancing its medium of conception. With the objective of better understanding and shaping spatial design workflows, the study sets its attention on what is widely embraced as the medium of thinking about space and its conception in architectural design: The diagram. The study begins with examining the cognitive affordances of the diagram in architecture design, discusses its limitation, then propose a computational-augmented concept for a new class of diagrams, the polymorphic diagram, to assist spatial thinking and cognition during the conceptual design phase.
keywords	Design; Diagram; Spatial Thinking, Design Cognition; Computation
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	caadria2011_040
id	caadria2011_040
authors	Hamadah, Qutaibah
year	2011
title	The polymorphic diagram: On mediating spatial thinking in architecture design
source	Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / The University of Newcastle, Australia 27-29 April 2011, pp. 419-428
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2011.419
summary	This paper describes the polymorphic diagram, a conceptual building information modeling environment conceived to mediate spatial thinking during the conceptual design phase. In particular, the discussion is focused on how enabling multiple forms of representations can possibly support and improve architects’ cognitive capacity to reason about space configuration.
keywords	Space configuration; conceptual design; diagrams
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2011_124
id	ecaade2011_124
authors	Ibrahim, Mohamed S.; Bridges, Alan; Chase, Scott C.; Bayoumi, Samir; Taha, Dina S.
year	2011
title	Experiencing design with grammatical explorations in the beginning design studio: The after-recognition experiment: designing with constraints
source	RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.689-698
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.689
wos	WOS:000335665500080
summary	This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the coursework of first year students of architecture in two different countries. The workshop is the second of three workshops planned to take place during the course of the first year studio, aimed at introducing new ways of thinking and introducing students to a new pattern of architectural education. The experiment was planned under the theme of “Production” in the mid-stage that is considered the operational stage of the design process. It also succeeded a recognition stage in which the students’ visual reasoning skills were targeted with more open and less determined design tasks. A grammatical approach was chosen to deliver the methodology in the design studio, based on the shape grammar methodology.
keywords	Beginning/Novice students; shape grammar; pedagogical grammar; design education
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/05/01 23:21

_id	eaea2009_kardos_plachtinska
id	eaea2009_kardos_plachtinska
authors	Kardos, Peter; Petra Plachtinska
year	2011
title	Spatial Experience in Real & Virtual Environment as an Urban Design Tool
source	Projecting Spaces [Proceedings of the 9th European Architectural Endoscopy Association Conference / ISBN 978-3-942411-31-8 ], pp. 59-64
summary	The innovations of information technologies and the new possibilities of multimedia exploitation in the realm of architectural design and education are supporting the development of image communication methods on the basis of interactivity. The creative process of searching and decision-making in the urban design studio of our Faculty is supported by spatial modeling methods. The draft is sketched in modeling material on a working model. From the didactic point of view, relevant are mainly those phases, in which is possible, in the imaginative way, to support the searching and decision making process with the aim to test, compare and continuously evaluate the fulfillment of the hypothetic intentions of the solution responsibilities. The model becomes an interactive medium of cooperation between teacher and the working group of students. From the view of design crystallization, the dominant phases, in the creative process, are examining, verification, and simulation. The alternatives of material-compositional content and the spatial performance charts of modeled physical structure are verifying and the visual experience of the anticipated urban environment is simulated by the author, but also through the future client’s eyes. The alternation of the composition’s spatial configurations is generally appreciated by the static visual verification in the endoscopic horizon like the architectural spatial studies. The effective method of the progress generates a creative atmosphere for the generative thinking and design. The laboratory simulation of spatial experiences and their evaluation is performed following the perception psychology relations. The simulation of digestion of the new spatial reality intervenes the customer’s identification and guides to subjective approaches towards the quality and complexity of the formed environment. The simulation is performed in motion in order to be able to anticipate the dynamic continuity of subjective spatial imagination. The induced atmosphere will direct the evaluational attitudes of authors on comparison and selection of the successful alternatives. In our fee, we will present the demonstrations of selected static and dynamic notations of image sequences prepared in our laboratory. The presentations have been created in order to analyze, verify and offer imaginative support to creative findings in result of fulfilling the studio design tasks in the educational process. The main one is the design of urban spatial structures. The laboratory methodology is in the first place oriented on the analogue-digital procedures of "endoscope" model simulation. At the same time it also explores and looks for new unconventional forms of visual communication or archiving as imagination support to specialist and laymen participants in creative, valorization and approval processes.
series	other
more	http://info.tuwien.ac.at/eaea
last changed	2011/03/04 08:45

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