Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia12_139
id	acadia12_139
authors	Erioli, Alessio ; Zomparelli, Alessandro
year	2012
title	Emergent Reefs
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.139
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 139-148
summary	The Emergent Reefs project thrives on the potential that emerge from a coherent utilization of the environment’s inherent ecological structure for its own transformation and evolution, using an approach based on digitally simulated ecosystems and sparkled by the possibilities and potential of large-scale 3D printing technology. Considering tourism as an inevitable vector of environmental change, the project aims to direct its potential and economic resources towards a positive transformation, providing a material substrate for the human-marine ecosystem integration with the realization of spaces for an underwater sculpture exhibition. Such structures will also provide a pattern of cavities which, expanding the gradient of microenvironmental conditions, break the existing homogeneity in favor of systemic heterogeneity, providing the spatial and material preconditions for the repopulation of marine biodiversity. Starting from a digital simulation of a synthetic local ecosystem, a generative technique based on multi-agent systems and continuous cellular automata (put into practice from the theoretical premises in Alan Turing’s paper “The Chemical basis of Morphogenesis” through reaction-diffusion simulation) is implemented in a voxel field at several scales giving the project a twofold quality: the implementation of reaction diffusion generative strategy within a non-isotropic 3-dimensional field and integration with the large-scale 3D printing fabrication system patented by D-Shape®. Out of these assumptions and in the intent of exploiting the expressive and tectonic potential of such technology, the project has been tackled exploring voxel-based generative strategies. Working with a discrete lattice eases the simulation of complex systems and processes across multiple scales (including non-linear simulations such as Computational Fluid-Dynamics) starting from local interactions using, for instance, algorithms based on cellular automata, which then can be translated directly to the physical production system. The purpose of Emergent-Reefs is to establish, through strategies based on computational design tools and machine-based fabrication, seamless relationships between three different aspects of the architectural process: generation, simulation and construction, which in the case of the used technology can be specified as guided growth.
keywords	emergence , reef , underwater , 3D printing , ecology , ecosystem , CFD , agency , architecture , tourism , culture , Open Source
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia12_87
id	acadia12_87
authors	Menicovich, David ; Gallardo, Daniele ; Bevilaqua, Riccardo ; Vollen, Jason
year	2012
title	Generation and Integration of an Aerodynamic Performance Data Base Within the Concept Design Phase of Tall Buildings
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.087
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 87-96
summary	Despite the fact that tall buildings are the most wind affected architectural typology, testing for aerodynamic performance is conducted during the later design phases well after the overall geometry has been developed. In this context, aerodynamic performance studies are limited to evaluating an existing design rather than a systematic performance study of design options driving form generation. Beyond constrains of time and cost of wind tunnel testing, which is still more reliable than Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations for wind conditions around buildings, aerodynamic performance criteria lack an immediate interface with parametric design tools. This study details a framework for empirical data collection through wind tunnel testing of building mechatronic models and the expansion of the collected dataset by determining a mathematical interpolating model using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm developing an Aerodynamic Performance Data Base (APDB). Frederick Keisler called the interacting of forces CO-REALITY, which he defined as The Science of Relationships. In the same article Keisler proclaims that the Form Follows Function is an outmoded understanding that design must demonstrate continuous variability in response to interactions of competing forces. This topographic space is both constant and fleeting where form is developed through the broadcasting of conflict and divergence as a system seeks balance and where one state of matter is passing by another; a decidedly fluid system. However, in spite of the fact that most of our environment consists of fluids or fluid reactions, instantaneous and geologic, natural and engineered, we have restricted ourselves to approaching the design of buildings and their interactions with the environment through solids, their properties and geometry; flow is considered well after the concept design stage and as validation of form. The research described herein explores alternative relations between the object and the flows around it as an iterative process, moving away from the traditional approach of Form Follows Function to Form Follows Flow.
keywords	Tall Buildings , Mechatronics , Artificial Neural Network , Aerodynamic Performance Data Base
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaade2012_013
id	ecaade2012_013
authors	Salim, Flora ; Moya, Rafael
year	2012
title	Parallel Analysis of Urban Aerodynamic Phenomena Using High and Low-Tech Tools
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.1.621
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-2-0, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 621-629.
summary	The study of wind conditions in cities is a significant factor in urban design in order to deal with issues related with pollution, wind pressures on buildings, and comfort on public spaces. This paper presents some results of a four-day workshop where some of the different techniques for simulating and visualising aerodynamic phenomena were explored. These technologies, classified as high-tech and low-tech tools, were used to investigate urban aerodynamic phenomena through parallel experiments, analysis, and eye observations. The experiments demonstrated that getting live feedbacks while interacting with the simulated aerodynamic phenomena is essential to improve the observers’ general comprehension of the phenomena. Our proposed method for studying aerodynamic phenomena, which integrates both low-tech and high-tech tools, facilitates designers to explore multiple options and configurations in the early stage of a design process.
wos	WOS:000330322400065
keywords	Urban aerodynamic; wind tunnel; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD); wind simulation; urban design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2012_237
id	ecaade2012_237
authors	Zarzycki, Andrzej
year	2012
title	Component-based Design Approach Using BIM
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.1.067
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-2-0, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 67-76
summary	The promising directions in current design practice and teaching relate to creativity with digital tools in the context of building information modelling (BIM), performance analysis, and simulations as well as digital materiality (computational simulations of materials) and dynamics-based behaviour. This line of research combines spatial design with building and material technology in search of effective and effi cient architecture. It reconstitutes questions of what to design by interrelating them with questions of how and why to design. This paper focuses on the appropriation of BIM tools for architectural curriculum teaching, from the design studio to building technology courses. It specifically focuses on BIM-based parametric modeling in discussing construction details, assemblies, and design explorations in the design studio context.
wos	WOS:000330322400006
keywords	BIM; building information modeling; parametric construction details; construction assemblies
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2012_60
id	ecaade2012_60
authors	Dierichs, Karola; Menges Achim
year	2012
title	Material and Machine Computation of Designed Granular Matter: Rigid-Body Dynamics Simulations as a Design Tool for Robotically-Poured Aggregate Structures Consisting of Polygonal Concave Particles
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.711
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 711-719
summary	Loose granulates are a relevant yet rarely deployed architectural material system. Their significance lies in their capacity to combine fluid-like amorphousness with solid-like rigidity, resulting in potential architectural structures capable of continuous reconfi guration. In addition aggregates allow for functional grading. Especially if custom designed concave particles are used, full-scale architectural structures can be poured using a six-axis industrial robot, combining the precise travel of the emitter-head with the self-organizational capacity of granular substances. In this context, the paper proposes Rigid-Body Dynamics (RBD) simulations as a design-tool for the robotic pouring of loose granular structures. The notions of material and machine computation are introduced and RBD is explained in greater detail. A set of small tests is conducted to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of a specifi c RBD software. Conclusively, further areas of research are outlined.
wos	WOS:000330320600076
keywords	Material and machine computation; aggregate architectures; designed granulates; robotic pouring; Rigid-Body Dynamics
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia12_47
id	acadia12_47
authors	Aish, Robert ; Fisher, Al ; Joyce, Sam ; Marsh, Andrew
year	2012
title	Progress Towards Multi-Criteria Design Optimisation Using Designscript With Smart Form, Robot Structural Analysis and Ecotect Building Performance Analysis"
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.047
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 47-56
summary	Important progress towards the development of a system that enables multi-criteria design optimisation has recently been demonstrated during a research collaboration between Autodesk’s DesignScript development team, the University of Bath and the engineering consultancy Buro Happold. This involved integrating aspects of the Robot Structural Analysis application, aspects of the Ecotect building performance application and a specialist form finding solver called SMART Form (developed by Buro Happold) with DesignScript to create a single computation environment. This environment is intended for the generation and evaluation of building designs against both structural and building performance criteria, with the aim of expediently supporting computational optimisation and decision making processes that integrate across multiple design and engineering disciplines. A framework was developed to enable the integration of modeling environments with analysis and process control, based on the authors’ case studies and experience of applied performance driven design in practice. This more generalised approach (implemented in DesignScript) enables different designers and engineers to selectively configure geometry definition, form finding, analysis and simulation tools in an open-ended system without enforcing any predefined workflows or anticipating specific design strategies and allows for a full range of optimisation and decision making processes to be explored. This system has been demonstrated to practitioners during the Design Modeling Symposium, Berlin in 2011 and feedback from this has suggested further development.
keywords	Design Optimisation , Scripting , Form Finding , Structural Analysis , Building Performance
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia12_391
id	acadia12_391
authors	Ajlouni, Rima
year	2012
title	The Forbidden Symmetries
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.391
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 391-400
summary	The emergence of quasi-periodic tiling theories in mathematics and material science is revealing a new class of symmetry, which had never been accessible before. Because of their astounding visual and structural properties, quasi-periodic symmetries can be ideally suited for many applications in art and architecture; providing a rich source of ideas for articulating form, pattern, surface and structure. However, since their discovery, the unique long-range order of quasi-periodic symmetries, is still posing a perplexing puzzle. As rule-based systems, the ability to algorithmically generate these complicated symmetries can be instrumental in understanding and manipulating their geometry. Recently, the discovery of quasi-periodic patterns in ancient Islamic architecture is providing a unique example of how ancient mathematics can inform our understanding of some basic theories in modern science. The recent investigation into these complex and chaotic formations is providing evidence to show that ancient designers, by using the most primitive tools (a compass and a straightedge) were able to resolve the complicated long-range principles of ten-fold quasi-periodic formations. Derived from these ancient principles, this paper presents a computational model for describing the long-range order of octagon-based quasi-periodic formations. The objective of the study is to design an algorithm for constructing large patches of octagon-based quasi-crystalline formations. The proposed algorithm is proven to be successful in producing an infinite and defect-free covering of the two-dimensional plane.
keywords	computational model , quasi-crystalline , symmetries , algorithms , complex geometry
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2014_016
id	ascaad2014_016
authors	Al-Ratrout, Samer A. and Rana Zureikat
year	2014
title	Pedagogic Approach in the Age of Parametric Architecture: Experimental method for teaching architectural design studio to 3rd year level students
source	Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 211-226
summary	In this era, Architectural Design Practice is faced with a paradigm shift in its conventional approaches towards computational methods. In this regard, it is considered a pedagogic challenge to boost up knowledge and skills of architectural students’ towards an advanced approach of architectural design that emphasizes the potentials and complexity of computational environments and parametric tools for design problem solving. For introducing the concept of Parametric Oriented Design Methods to 3rd year level architectural students, an experimental pedagogic course was designed in the scholastic year of 2012-2013 at German Jordanian University GJU (School of Architecture and Built Environment SABE) to approach this concept. In the preparation phase, the experimental course was designed to incorporate structured instructing and training method to be consecutively performed within experimental lab environment to target predetermined learning outcomes and goals. The involved students were intentionally classified into three levels of previous involvement associated with the related software operating skills and computational design exposure. In the implementation phase, the predetermined instructing and training procedures were performed in the controlled environment according to the planned tasks and time intervals. Preceded tactics were prepared to be executed to resolve various anticipated complication. In this phase also, students’ performance and comprehension capacity were observed and recorded. In data analysis phase, the observed results were verified and correlations were recognized. In the final phase, conclusions were established and recommendations for further related pedagogic experiments were introduced.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2016/02/15 13:09

_id	caadria2012_021
id	caadria2012_021
authors	Al-Saati, Maha Zeini; David Botta and Robert Woodbury
year	2012
title	Architects on architectural film and animation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2012.637
source	Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Chennai 25-28 April 2012, pp. 637–646
summary	As part of our inquiry about the practice of architectural film and animation and where it might go, this paper presents the results of interviews with architects on space, and on animation. We present their rich sense of space, and explain how they structure architectural film and animation. We found that architects wish to convey the subjective impact of design, but don’t know how to connect film editing techniques to architectural ends. Computational design could fill this gap with, for example, drag-and-drop editing patterns.
keywords	Architectural film and animation; concepts of architectural space
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2012_131
id	caadria2012_131
authors	Ambrose, Michael A.
year	2012
title	Digital conception(s): Architectural concepts of digital design and making
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2012.699
source	Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Chennai 25-28 April 2012, pp. 699–708
summary	This paper presents an investigation of probative works of architectural thought and production executed in various forms of digital design and computational media. The applied design research focuses on an examination of the procedure or process constructed to both develop exact, precise digital models and constructed processes that result in design outcomes that cannot be pre-visioned. The changing position of the conceptualisation within the design process continually changes the relationship of the digital work and the computational framework. The work challenges one to interpret design processes of translation and transformation, through the continual oscillation between developed in pursuit of known results and constructed methods for making, in an effort to unravel the pretext of the singular point of view to reveal the intention of the design conception(s). The projects discussed here focus on relationships between the projection of space in architectural representation and the production of architectural form through complex geometries relative to discontinuities and the way in which they agitate and alter one another. DIGITAL conception(s) operate across three primary areas of research; animation, conceptualisation and fabrication. The work oscillates between digital and physical artefacts that intertwine digital/physical workflows while simultaneously engaging temporal issues of time based media through motion graphics and animate constructs.
keywords	Design representation; visualisation; design theory
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2012_132
id	caadria2012_132
authors	Baerlecken, Daniel and David Duncan
year	2012
title	Junk: Design build studio
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2012.305
source	Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Chennai 25-28 April 2012, pp. 305–314
summary	The paper presents a design build studio that investigates the role of waste as building material and develops a proposal for an installation that uses CAAD and CAM tools in combination with traditional fabrication tools to design and build an installation out of waste materials. The paper describes the concept development and the construction process through the help of computational tools. Recycling is in the process of becoming an integral part of sustainable architecture. However, there are very few digital design projects that use re-used or recycled materials in combination with their architectural and aesthetic qualities and potentials. The potential of such an investigation is explored within a design build studio. What is junk? What is a building material? What are the aesthetics of junk?
keywords	Education in CAAD; digital fabrication and construction; practice-based and interdisciplinary CAAD; parametric modelling
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia12_199
id	acadia12_199
authors	Beorkrem, Chris ; Corte, Dan
year	2012
title	Zero-Waste, Flat-Packed, Tri-Chord Truss: Continued Investigations of Structural Expression in Parametric Design"
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.199
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 199-208
summary	The direct and rapid connections between scripting, modeling and prototyping allow for investigations of computation in fabrication. The manipulation of planar materials with two-dimensional CNC cuts can easily create complex and varied forms, volumes, and surfaces. However, the bulk of research on folding using CNC fabrication tools is focused upon surfaces, self-supporting walls and shell structures, which do not integrate well into more conventional building construction models. This paper attempts to explain the potential for using folding methodologies to develop structural members through a design-build process. Conventional building practice consists of the assembly of off-the-shelf parts. Many times, the plinth, skeleton, and skin are independently designed and fabricated, integrating multiple industries. Using this method of construction as an operative status quo, this investigation focused on a single structural component: the truss. Using folding methodologies and sheet steel to create a truss, this design investigation employed a recyclable and prolific building material to redefine the fabrication of a conventional structural member. The potential for using digital design and two-dimensional CNC fabrication tools in the design of a foldable truss from sheet steel is viable in the creation of a flat-packed, minimal waste structural member that can adapt to a variety of aesthetic and structural conditions. Applying new methods to a component of the conventional ‘kit of parts’ allowed for a novel investigation that recombines zero waste goals, flat-packing potential, structural expression and computational processes. This paper will expand (greatly) upon previous research into bi-chord truss designs, developing a tri-chord truss, which is parametrically linked to its structural moment diagram. The cross section of each truss is formed based on the loading condition for each beam. This truss design has been developed through a thorough series of analytical models and tests performed digitally, to scale and in full scale. The tri-chord truss is capable of resisting rotational failures well beyond the capacity of the bi-chord designs previously developed. The results are complex, and elegant expressions of structural logics embodied in a tightly constrained functional design.
keywords	Parametric Design , Structural Expression , Material constraints
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2012_078
id	caadria2012_078
authors	Beorkrem, Christopher
year	2012
title	Running Interference: Complex Systems Intervention as Design Process
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2012.183
source	Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Chennai 25-28 April 2012, pp. 183–192
summary	This paper presents a case study problem statement tested in the design studio with the intent of teaching methods for engaging systematic thinking as a process for deriving solutions to parametric design problems. The intent is to address the simulation environment developed through complex systems and interject a curve ball, or unexpected constraint delimiting the solution as part of the design process. This method was tested through the submittal of the projects to international design competitions. The students were asked to manipulate the competition criteria by appealing not only to the design criteria but also to the juries desire (whether conscious or unconscious) for novel sustainable processes of material usage and program. This material ecology is developed as a method for linking parametric modelling, not as a process for the application of a construction technique, but as a way to pre-rationalise material constraints and discover how program and form can operate within those constraints. In the first year of the studio two of six teams were selected as finalists and in the second year of the studio five of seven of the teams were selected as finalists.
keywords	Studio pedagogy; computational instruction; parametrics; material constraints
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	47a2
id	47a2
authors	Bhzad Sidawi and Neveen Hamza
year	2012
title	Editorial: Special issue on CAAD and innovation
source	ITCON journal
summary	The concepts and applications of Computer Aided Architectural Design (CAAD) have a predominant presence and impact on architectural design innovation and creativity. ASCAAD, in its 6th international conference, invited the learnt society of academics, researchers and professionals to debate the ubiquitous emerging role of CAAD in underpinning innovative design thinking processes and research in design education. The conference theme covered the following issues:  Computational research in design pedagogy and in practice  Intelligent agents, generative and parametric design  Building Information Modeling and Computer-supported design collaboration  Ubiquitous computing and interactive environments  Urban/ City/ regional planning and digital Modeling  Digital tools in design and construction  Mass customization Selected papers have been updated in this publication to reflect the constant quest to balance architectural thinking with operative techniques. It is well acknowledged that the advent of computation and information technology had profoundly altered architectural thinking. Design software and numerical fabrication have recast the role of form giving and shaping environments in architecture and opened up unprecedented opportunities of investigation and links with other scientific domains such as biomimcry, parametric design and modeling of urban and building environments. In this issue authors suggest a continuum between architectural analytical thinking and CAAD systems. Looking at the collaboration between authors of various backgrounds also strengthens this narrative that architecture is expanding beyond its traditional enquiry into historical and theoretical aspects into the world of multi-desciplinarity. It is evident from the diverse publications that CAAD is designed and utilized to expand the architectural pedagogy and practice into initiating and opening up the exploratory grounds of creation and productivity in design.
series	journal paper
type	short paper
email
more	http://www.itcon.org/cgi-bin/works/Show?2012_14
last changed	2012/09/19 13:43

_id	ecaade2012_5
id	ecaade2012_5
authors	Biloria, Nimish; Chang, Jia-Rey
year	2012
title	HyperCell: A Bio-Inspired Information Design Framework for Real-Time Adaptive Spatial Components
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.573
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 573-581
summary	Contemporary explorations within the evolutionary computational domain have been heavily instrumental in exploring biological processes of adaptation, growth and mutation. On the other hand a plethora of designers owing to the increasing sophistication in computer aided design software are equally enthused by the formal aspects of biological organisms and are thus meticulously involved in form driven design developments. This focus on top-down appearance and surface condition based design development under the banner of organic architecture in essence contributes to the growing misuse of bio-inspired design and the inherent meaning associated with the terminology. HyperCell, a bio-inspired information design framework for real-time adaptive spatial components, is an ongoing research, at Hyperbody, TU Delft, which focuses on extrapolating bottom-up generative design and real-time interaction based adaptive spatial re-use logics by understanding processes of adaptation, multi-performance and self sustenance in natural systems. Evolutionary developmental biology is considered as a theoretical basis for this research.
wos	WOS:000330320600061
keywords	Adaptation; Swarms; Evo-Devo; Simulation: Cellular component
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2012_022
id	ascaad2012_022
authors	Borham, Ahmad; Lobna Sherif and Osama Tolba
year	2012
title	Resilient Rules - Culture and Computation in Traditional Built Environments
source	CAAD \| INNOVATION \| PRACTICE [6th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2012 / ISBN 978-99958-2-063-3], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 21-23 February 2012, pp. 211-221
summary	This study explores the influence of the socio-cultural rules, based upon Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), on the complexity of the traditional built environment. This system of rules organized the societal activities, including decisions and activities related to design and construction in the Arab-Islamic city. Considering the city as a complex system, the study will try to show how this rules system made the Arab-Islamic city resilient and adaptive. Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) are non-linear, self-organizing systems that have the ability to adapt to changing conditions through changing the rules that organize the random autonomous interactions between agents in the environment. This adaptation takes place through gradual gained experience that is reflected in the behavior of agents. This study attempts to interrelate different bodies of literature (Complexity/Chaos theory and built environment studies) in a single framework that aims to show that the socio-cultural rules system based on fiqh was a major factor in the resilience of the traditional built environment. These interrelations are illustrated using a graph called Computational Rules Graph (CRG). The CRG relates the traditional rules system to attributes of complex systems in a graph that can be modeled computationally. Traditional rules (codes of conduct) are proscriptive (non-deterministic), defining what is prohibited, thereby producing autonomous environments where agents had control over their immediate environment. In comparison, contemporary rules of the built environment (building codes) are prescriptive (deterministic), subscribing definite actions that need to take place by the stake-holder (agent) neglecting user needs and preferences. The application of these traditional rules system increased the agent’s autonomy and freedom of action. It also helped establish stronger social networks among agents, which resulted in a resilient environment.
series	ASCAAD
email
more	http://www.ascaad.org/conference/2012/papers/ascaad2012_022.pdf
last changed	2012/05/15 20:46

_id	acadia12_511
id	acadia12_511
authors	Borowski, Darrick ; Poulimeni, Nikoletta ; Janssen, Jeroen
year	2012
title	Edible Infrastructures: Emergent Organizational Patterns for the Productive City
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.511
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 511-526
summary	Edible Infrastructures is an investigation into a projective mode of urbanism which considers food as an integral part of a city's metabolic infrastructure. Working with algorithms as design tools, we explore the generative potential of such a system to create an urban ecology that: provides for its residents via local, multi-scalar, distributed food production, reconnects urbanites with their food sources, and de-couples food costs from fossil fuels by limiting transportation at all levels, from source to table. The research is conducted through the building up of a sequence of algorithms, beginning with the ‘Settlement Simulation’, which couples consumers to productive surface area within a cellular automata type computational model. Topological analysis informs generative operations, as each stage builds on the output of the last. In this way we explore the hierarchical components for a new Productive City, including: the structure and programming of the urban circulatory network, an emergent urban morphology based around productive urban blocks, and opportunities for new architectural typologies. The resulting prototypical Productive City questions the underlying mechanisms that shape modern urban space and demonstrates the architectural potential of mathematical modeling and simulation in addressing complex urban spatial and programmatic challenges.
keywords	Urban Agriculture , Urban Ecologies and Food Systems , Productive Cities , Urban Metabolism , Computational Modeling and Simulation , Algorithmic/ Procedural Design Methodologies , Emergent Organization , Self-Organizing Systems
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2012_267
id	ecaade2012_267
authors	Caldas, Luísa G. ; Santos, Luís
year	2012
title	Generation of Energy-Efficient Patio Houses with GENE_ARCH: Combining an Evolutionary Generative Design System with a Shape Grammar
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.1.459
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-2-0, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 459-470
summary	GENE_ARCH is a Generative Design System that combines Pareto Genetic Algorithms with an advanced building energy simulation engine. This work explores its integration with a Shape Grammar, acting as GENE_ARCH’s shape generation module. The urban patio house typology is readdressed in a contemporary context, both by improving its energy-effi ciency standards, and by rethinking its role in the genesis of high-density urban areas, while respecting its specifi c spatial organization and cultural grounding. Field work was carried out in Marrakesh, surveying a number of patio houses which became the Corpus of Design, from where a Shape Grammar was extracted. The computational implementation of the patio house grammar was done within GENE_ARCH. The resulting program was able to generate new, alternative patio houses designs that were more energy effi cient, while respecting the traditional rules captured from the analysis of existing houses. After the computational system was fully implemented, it was possible to complete different sets of experiments. The first experiments kept more restrained rules, thus generating new designs that closer resembled the existing ones. The progressive relaxation of rules and constraints allowed for a larger number of variations to emerge. Analysis of energy results provide insight into the main patterns resulting from the evolutionary search processes, namely in terms of form factors of generated solutions, and urban densities achieved.
wos	WOS:000330322400047
keywords	Generative Design Systems; Genetic Algorithms; Shape Grammars; Patio Houses; Energy Efficiency
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2019_204
id	caadria2019_204
authors	Calixto, Victor, Gu, Ning and Celani, Gabriela
year	2019
title	A Critical Framework of Smart Cities Development
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.685
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 685-694
summary	This paper investigates through a review of the current literature on smart cities, reflecting different concepts across different political-social contexts, seeking to contribute to the establishment of a critical framework for smart cities development. The present work provides a review of the literature of 250 selected publications from four databases (Scielo, ScienceDirect, worldwide science, and Cumincad), covering the years from 2012 to 2018. Publications were categorised by the following steps: 3RC framework proposed by Kummitha and Crutzen (2017), the main political sectors of city planning, implementation strategies, computational techniques, and organisation rules. The information was analised graphically trying to identify tendencies along the time, and also, seeking to explore future possibilities for implementations in different political-social contexts. As a case of study, Australia and Brazil were compared using the proposed framework.
keywords	smart city; smart cities; literature review
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2012_141
id	ecaade2012_141
authors	Castro e Costa, Eduardo; Coutinho, Filipe; Duarte, José Pinto; Krüger, Mário
year	2012
title	Modelling Alberti’s Column System: Generative Modelling and Digital Fabrication of Classical Architectural Elements
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.469
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 469-477
summary	The research presented further is part of the Digital Alberti research project, which aims to assess the infl uence of Leon Batista Alberti’s theory on Portuguese architecture, through the use of digital technologies. One of the project tasks implied computational and physical modelling of Alberti’s column system. Development of the computational model implied decoding Alberti’s treatise on architecture De re aedifi catoria into a consistent set of parameters and relationships, and then implementing these into generative parametric computer programs through visual programming language Grasshopper. This computational model is able to automatically generate physical models of classical columns according to Alberti’s canons. These digital models were then materialized through production of physical models, through rapid prototyping and digital fabrication technologies. Special attention is given to the CNC stone milling of a Corinthian capital.
wos	WOS:000330320600049
keywords	Alberti; De re aedifi catoria; Column system; Generative modelling; Digital fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

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