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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2012_113
id	ecaade2012_113
authors	Jutraz, Anja ; Zupancic, Tadeja
year	2012
title	Digital system of tools for public participation and education in urban design: Exploring 3D ICC
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.1.383
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-2-0, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 383-392
summary	This article is a starting point for the development of experiential urban co-design interfaces to enhance public participation in local urban projects and to be also used as a communication and collaboration tool in urban design. It is based on the previous research involving 3D city models utilized as understandable design interfaces for the non-technical public (Jutraz, Zupancic, 2011), where we have already explored different views (pedestrian, intermediate and bird’s-eye view), as well as the means by which the information obtained from these different views may be combined by shifting between viewpoints. Previous work was conducted in the “street lab” as well as the Urban Experimental Lab, which was developed specifi cally for the public’s participation in urban planning (Voigt, Kieferle, Wössner, 2009). Presented in this article is the next step that explores the immersive collaboration environment 3D ICC [1], formerly known as Teleplace. The environment was developed for effi cient collaboration and remote communication and shifts the research focus towards questions regarding how to employ both labs as interfaces between the non-technical public and design professionals. As we are facing the lack of digital systems for public participation and education in urban design, different digital tools for communication and collaboration should be combined into a new holistic platform for design. A digital system of tools needs to be developed that supports the urban design decision-making process and focuses on improved final solutions and increased satisfaction amongst all participants. In this article the system of digital tools for public participation, which include communication, collaboration and education, will be also defi ned, with its basic characteristics and its elements.
wos	WOS:000330322400039
keywords	Digital system of tools; collaboration; 3D model; public participation; urban design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaade2012_013
id	ecaade2012_013
authors	Salim, Flora ; Moya, Rafael
year	2012
title	Parallel Analysis of Urban Aerodynamic Phenomena Using High and Low-Tech Tools
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.1.621
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-2-0, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 621-629.
summary	The study of wind conditions in cities is a significant factor in urban design in order to deal with issues related with pollution, wind pressures on buildings, and comfort on public spaces. This paper presents some results of a four-day workshop where some of the different techniques for simulating and visualising aerodynamic phenomena were explored. These technologies, classified as high-tech and low-tech tools, were used to investigate urban aerodynamic phenomena through parallel experiments, analysis, and eye observations. The experiments demonstrated that getting live feedbacks while interacting with the simulated aerodynamic phenomena is essential to improve the observers’ general comprehension of the phenomena. Our proposed method for studying aerodynamic phenomena, which integrates both low-tech and high-tech tools, facilitates designers to explore multiple options and configurations in the early stage of a design process.
wos	WOS:000330322400065
keywords	Urban aerodynamic; wind tunnel; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD); wind simulation; urban design
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2012_161
id	ecaade2012_161
authors	Araujo, Bruno; Jorge, Joaquim; Duarte, Jose
year	2012
title	Combining Virtual Environments and Direct Manipulation for Architectural Modeling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.419
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 419-428
summary	In this paper we present an environment for conceptual design which mimicsthe interaction of designers with physical mockups. We present novel three dimensional on-and-above-the-surface interactive techniques which combine asymmetric bimanual operations with multi-touch direct manipulation on a fl at surface and depth cameras. These take advantage of a continuous interaction space to create and edit 3D models in a stereoscopic environment. To allow modeling architectural shapes directly, we combine hand and finger tracking in the space above the table with multi-touch on its surface without the need to change modes. This provides an alternative design environment where users can seamlessly switch between interacting on the surface or in the space above it depending on the task, which makes it easier to model complex shapes using simple operations.
wos	WOS:000330320600044
keywords	3D Modeling; 3D User Interfaces; Virtual Reality; Procedural Modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	sigradi2012_26
id	sigradi2012_26
authors	Aschwanden, Gideon
year	2012
title	Agent-Based Social Pedestrian Simulation for the Validation of Urban Planning Recommendations
source	SIGraDi 2012 [Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Brasil - Fortaleza 13-16 November 2012, pp. 332-336
summary	The goal of this project is a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that shape a city with a focus on pedestrian flow. Pedestrian flow reveals the use of space, the capacity and use of transportation and has an impact on the health of people. Movement patterns of pedestrians are a topic in many related fields like transportation planning, computer graphics and sociology. This project augments the simulation of pedestrian decision processes by taking into account the preferences for surrounding factors like additional points of interests and how pedestrians interact along their path with other pedestrians in a social manner. The goal of this project is to analyse urban planning configurations and to give designers and decision makers a tool to measure the amount of people walking and therefore define the health of a society, finding places of social interaction and improving social coherence in neighbourhoods.
keywords	Urban Planning; Pedestrian Movement; Multi-agent System
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	ascaad2012_004
id	ascaad2012_004
authors	El-Masri, Souheil; Mazen Kana’an and Mohammed Fawzi Elanany
year	2012
title	Architecture, Digital Techniques & Project Management
source	CAAD \| INNOVATION \| PRACTICE [6th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2012 / ISBN 978-99958-2-063-3], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 21-23 February 2012, pp. 14-20
summary	With the invention of computers, Architecture and other Engineering disciplines have undergone revolutionary developments offering new opportunities for improving efficiency and opening new frontiers for creativity. For example in architecture and urban planning, the discussions have been extended from conventional writings to cover cyberspace, virtual architecture and digital city. Moreover, computers have helped in the realization of many complex projects that would be inconceivable with traditional drawing techniques. This is clearly demonstrated in the works of Frank Gehry's, Zaha Hadid, Daniel Libeskind and many others. In deed, digital techniques have changed the design creative process and how the architects think. Traditionally the structured development architectural ideas from 2D drawings (plans, sections, elevations) towards 3D resolution has been replaced by more interactive approach of 2D & 3D. The changes that digital techniques have brought to the field of Architecture; including practice and education, can obviously be viewed from different angles and incite many discussions and questions. However, the purpose of this presentation is to discuss the role of digital techniques within the overall framework of project management in Gulf Housing Engineering. It starts the discussion with a brief on architecture and digital techniques in the Gulf Region, especially during the “boom period”; a period characterized by rapid production of buildings relying heavily on virtual images. It is against this background, the role of digital techniques is evaluated from a practice point of view. In fact in GHE, digital means are integral parts of the holistic project delivery process starting form initiation, to various design stages to construction ending with project completion. In this process emphasis is paid to the inter-relationships between IT Systems and Quality Control which in turn facilitate measuring, monitoring and reporting on various managerial, technical and design and budgetary aspects of the project. The presentation is supported by real case studies of GHE portfolio. It emphasizes that digital techniques should be an integral part of an overall process and should be seen as means to enhance efficiency and creativity; and should contribute to the betterment of the built environment
series	ASCAAD
email
more	http://www.ascaad.org/conference/2012/papers/ascaad2012_004.pdf
last changed	2012/05/15 20:46

_id	caadria2012_119
id	caadria2012_119
authors	Fukuda, Tomohiro; Masaharu Taguchi, Ayako Shimizu and Lei Sun
year	2012
title	Availability of a distributed and synchronised type meeting by using cloud computing type VR for spatial design study
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2012.203
source	Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Chennai 25-28 April 2012, pp. 203–210
summary	The mobility of people's activities, and cloud computing technologies are becoming advanced in the modern age of information and globalisation. This study describes the availability of discussing spatial design while sharing a 3-dimensional virtual space with stakeholders in a distributed and synchronised environment. First of all, a townscape design support system based on a cloud computing type VR system is constructed. Next, an experiment of a distributed and synchronised discussion of townscape design is executed with subjects who are specialists in the townscape design field. After the experiment, both qualitative mental evaluation and quantitative evaluation were carried out. The conclusions are as follows: 1. Users who use VR frequently and who use videoconferencing consider that the difference with face-to-face discussion is small. 2. A Moiré pattern may occur in a gradation picture. 3. The availability of distributed and synchronised discussions with cloud computing type VR is high.
keywords	Spatial design; distributed and synchronised environment; communication; cloud computing; Virtual Reality
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2012_48
id	ecaade2012_48
authors	Hanna, Raid
year	2012
title	Computer Aided Cognition and Creativity: A Three Year Monitoring Exercise
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.233
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 233-243
summary	This paper tracked the progress of 24 students who were ‘intensive’ users of CAD and 26 ‘occasional’ CAD users over a 3 year period. At the end of each year, student attitudes toward creativity dimensions were monitored, using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The collected data was analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The statistical tests displayed a signifi cant difference between both groups in terms of ideation fl uency and ideation fl exibility (P<0.05). Within the intensive CAD group the tests also yielded signifi cant differences between years (P<0.05). Ideation fl uency correlated positively with years of study and was infl uenced by CAD and design maturity both as a ‘main effect’ and as an ‘interaction’. The cognitive preference for complexity as a design trait in the intensive group also correlated with the increased complexity of the digital tools used; preference for low complexity correlated with the use of direct CAD tools whereas higher levels of complexity correlated with the deployment of parametric and generative tools.
wos	WOS:000330320600023
keywords	Creativity; ideation; CAD; repeated measures; statistics
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadia12_97
id	acadia12_97
authors	Lilley, Brian ; Hudson, Roland ; Plucknett, Kevin ; Macdonald, Rory ; Cheng, Nancy Yen-Wen ; Nielsen, Stig Anton ; Nouska, Olympia ; Grinbergs, Monika ; Andematten, Stephen ; Baumgardner, Kyle ; Blackman, Clayton ; Kennedy, Matthew ; Chatinthu, Monthira ; Tianchen, Dai ; Sheng-Fu, Chen
year	2012
title	Ceramic Perspiration: Multi-Scalar Development of Ceramic Material
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.097
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 97-108
summary	Ceramic building material is a useful passive modulator of the environment. The subject area is based on traditional cultural and material knowledge of clay properties: from amphora to rammed earth building; and ranges to present uses: from desiccants and space shuttle tile patterns to bio-ceramics. The primary consideration is to control material density and porosity in a tile component, in response to specific environmental conditions. This depends on a number of key physical principles: the ability of the material to absorb thermal energy, the ability to absorb and then ‘wick’ moisture within the pore structure, and the decrement factor or ‘time lag’ of the effect. The interplay between these properties point to the importance of directionality in the porous microstructure, at the boundary layer. Material characteristics have been investigated in the laboratory at a micron scale and in the ceramics workshop at full scale, with some interplay between the two. Recent work done on monitoring has led to the development of software tools that allow feedback (approaching real time)- a visual representation of the dynamic thermal and hygrometric properties involved.
keywords	Synthetic tectonics , composite materials , smart assemblies , emerging material processes , Responsive environments , sensing , real-time computation , feedback loops , Information Visualization
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ecaade2012_171
id	ecaade2012_171
authors	Tang, Wen Yen; Tang, Sheng Kai; Lee, Yuzn Zone
year	2012
title	Tangible Pixels: Interactive Architectural Modules for Discovering Adaptive Human Swarm Interaction
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.301
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 301-307
summary	In this paper, we design and implement 40 identical modular architectural blocks, named Tangible Pixels, with swarm computing mechanism embedded. Each unit of tangible pixels is a customized, which has three functions_sensing, communication/computing, and actuating abilities to collective reactions to its surroundings. We further arrange this set of tangible swarm into a public interactive installation to explore the potential research and design territories of human swarm interaction and adaptive artifact. Via a preliminary onsite observation, we prove that this adaptive interaction model did overturn the conventional space design and usage as well as user mental model.
wos	WOS:000330320600030
keywords	Tangible; adaptive artifact; human swarm interaction; modular robotic; programmable matter
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2012_058
id	caadria2012_058
authors	Matthews, Linda and Gavin Perin
year	2012
title	Materialising the pixel: A productive synergy
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2012.475
source	Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Chennai 25-28 April 2012, pp. 475–484
summary	The composite photoreceptive field of the human eye receives photons emitted from a source and converts this energy into image information within the brain. The internal mechanisms of the contemporary camera imaging technologies represent yet another in a long history of attempts to technically replicate this procedure. The critical difference between the capacity of the human eye to receive quanta events or photons and that of a camera transmitting to a digital display device, rests in how much of the original signal can be recovered. This paper aims to show how the ‘information deficit’ associated with this technological conversion can be enhanced by the deliberate exploitation and re-arrangement of the camera’s image sensor mechanism. The paper will discuss how the mapping of pixel grid geometries and colour filter array patterns at the vastly increased scale of building façades, imparts a materiality to urban form that modifies the visibility and performance of the corresponding virtual screen image. The exploration of the material adaptation of pixel geometries leads to a new technique that extends the working gamut of pixel-based RGB colour space and both establishes an index to develop material performance criteria and modifies the limitations of traditional viewing technologies.
keywords	Pixels; sensor; CCTV; imaging; array; façades
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	sigradi2012_24
id	sigradi2012_24
authors	Segre, Roberto; de Souza, Thiago Leitão
year	2012
title	O Panorama sequencial: um passeio virtual pela Rua da Carioca no Rio de Janeiro nos séculos XIX-XX [The sequential panorama: a virtual tour throw Carioca street within Rio de Janeiro of 19-20 centuries]
source	SIGraDi 2012 [Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress of Digital Graphics] Brasil - Fortaleza 13-16 November 2012, pp. 419-422
summary	This article intends to investigate the possibilities of digital representation of Carioca Street in the Rio de Janeiro of 19th Century by a promenade of digital panoramas through the observator’s eye experience. To do this, it is necessary to develop 3d models and digital panoramas of the old city, based in a historical maps, and compare the panoramas of nowadays offered by the street view of the Google earth. We belive that in this way we can see architectural changes in Carioca Street at the same time which we can experience the old street again.
keywords	Panorama; Modelo 3D; História da Cidade; Rio de Janeiro
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:59

_id	ascaad2012_009
id	ascaad2012_009
authors	Abdelmohsen, Sherif
year	2012
title	Genres of Communication Interfaces in BIM-Enabled Architectural Practice
source	CAAD \| INNOVATION \| PRACTICE [6th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2012 / ISBN 978-99958-2-063-3], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 21-23 February 2012, pp. 81-91
summary	This paper explores the interaction and different types of representations enacted in a BIM-enabled environment that involves interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary collaboration among teams of designers in an architectural praxis context. By means of an ethnographic study conducted over the course of an architectural project from schematic design to construction documents, including five disciplines and twenty subjects, genres of communication interfaces are identified between BIM-authoring tools, sketching interfaces and domain specific analysis tools, and explored within the realm of distributed cognition. Implications in architectural practice and education are then discussed.
series	ASCAAD
email
more	http://www.ascaad.org/conference/2012/papers/ascaad2012_009.pdf
last changed	2012/05/15 20:46

_id	ascaad2012_007
id	ascaad2012_007
authors	Abdelsalam, Mai M.
year	2012
title	The Use of Smart Geometry in Islamic Patterns - Case Study: Mamluk Mosques
source	CAAD \| INNOVATION \| PRACTICE [6th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2012 / ISBN 978-99958-2-063-3], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 21-23 February 2012, pp. 49-68
summary	It is noted that architects need new and quick methods designing the historic architectural styles, as well as restoring the historical urban areas particularly the Islamic ones. These designs and restorations should adapt to the basics of the Islamic style used; general concept, module and features. Smart Geometry provides advanced design concepts and increases alternative variations. Parametric design softwares also add more rules and relations on the design process. Obviously, the Islamic module and proportions are used as design generators that result in extracting a number of alternatives easily in a little time. Generative Components (GC) is the parametric software used to achieve the desired objectives of this research.
series	ASCAAD
email
more	http://www.ascaad.org/conference/2012/papers/ascaad2012_007.pdf
last changed	2012/05/15 20:46

_id	ascaad2012_024
id	ascaad2012_024
authors	Abeer, Samy Yousef Mohamed
year	2012
title	Sustainable Design and Construction: New Approaches Towards Sustainable Manufacturing
source	CAAD \| INNOVATION \| PRACTICE [6th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2012 / ISBN 978-99958-2-063-3], Manama (Kingdom of Bahrain), 21-23 February 2012, pp. 241-251
summary	Ecological and environmental issues are playing an important and larger role in corporate and manufacturing strategies. For complete creative design process, buildings require both for construction and manufacturing, due to their comparatively long life cycle for maintenance, significant raw material and energy resources. Thinking in terms of product life cycles is one of the challenges facing manufacturers today. “Life Cycle Management” (LCM) considers the product life cycle as a whole and optimizes the interaction of product design, construction, manufacturing and life cycle activities. The goal of this approach is to protect resources and maximize the effectiveness during usage by means of Life Cycle Assessment, Product Data Management, Technical Support and last but not least by Life Cycle Costing. In this paper the environmental consciousness issues pertaining to design, construction, manufacturing and operations management are presented through computer intelligent technologies of this 21century. So, this paper shows the existing approaches of LCM and discusses their visions and further development.
series	ASCAAD
email
more	http://www.ascaad.org/conference/2012/papers/ascaad2012_024.pdf
last changed	2012/05/15 20:46

_id	ecaade2012_002
id	ecaade2012_002
authors	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejdan, Dana (eds.)
year	2012
title	Physical Digitality
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2
source	Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe - Volume 2 [ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7], Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, 714 p.
summary	Physical Digitality is the second volume of the conference proceedings of the 30th eCAADe conference, held from 12-14 september 2012 in Prague at the Faculty of Architecture of Czech Technical University in Prague. The companion volume is called Digital Physicality. Together, both volumes contain 154 papers that were submitted to this conference. Digitality is the condition of living in a world where ubiquitous information and communication technology is embedded in the physical world. Although it is possible to point out what is “digital” and what is “real,” the distinction has become pointless, and it has no more explanatory power for our environment, buildings, and behaviour. Material objects are invested with communication possibilities, teams are communicating even when not together, and buildings can sense and respond to the environment, each other, and to inhabitants. Digital is no longer an add-on, extra, or separate software. Reality is partly digital and partly physical. The implication of this condition is not clear however, and it is necessary to investigate its potential. New strategies are necessary that acknowledge the synergetic qualities of the physical and the digital. This is not limited to our designs but it also infl uences the process, methods, and what or how we teach. The subdivision of papers in these volumes follow the distinction made in the conference theme. The papers in Physical Digitality have their orientation mainly in the physical realm, and reach towards the digital part. It has to be granted that this distinction is rather crude, because working from two extremes (digital versus physical) tends to ignore the arguably most interesting middle ground.
keywords	Digital physicality; physical digitality
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	ecaade2012_212
id	ecaade2012_212
authors	Aghaei Meibodi, Mania ; Aghaiemeybodi, Hamia
year	2012
title	The Synergy Between Structure and Ornament: A Reflection on the Practice of Tectonic in the Digital and Physical Worlds
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2012.2.245
source	Achten, Henri; Pavlicek, Jiri; Hulin, Jaroslav; Matejovska, Dana (eds.), Digital Physicality - Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2 / ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 245-254
summary	The use of digital design and fabrication technologies in architecture has followed a paradigm shift, which has seen the topology, form and structure of architecture pushed to incorporate areas such as climate, construction, acoustic etc. While these digital technologies are intended to enhance the processes and performance, a discussion of aesthetics has been ignored. Surmising that the use of digital technology enhances the performability and effi ciency aspects of architecture as well as the aesthetics, this research questions what the new relationships and arrangements for structure and ornament are. What are the challenges when structure uses a process-based logic and is sensitive to materiality whereas the aesthetics has a representation-based logic and is not sensitive to materiality? The authors of this paper contribute to this debate by using the notion of tectonic as a platform for gaining and creating knowledge about this issue and examining the issues through the design and prototyping of a Multi-functional Pavilion.
wos	WOS:000330320600024
keywords	Processes; ornament; digital technology; tectonic; architectural expression
series	eCAADe
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2012_066
id	caadria2012_066
authors	Ahmad, Sumbul
year	2012
title	The representation of type in grammatical design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2012.425
source	Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia / Chennai 25-28 April 2012, pp. 425–432
summary	Grammatical design is useful for the generation of a set of related designs. The concept of type aids designers in generating designs with a specified structure. However, existing studies in grammar are ambiguous in their definition of type in the language of designs generated by a grammar. Extending our previous study of defining style in grammar, this paper provides a formal definition of the concept of type in the language of designs generated by a grammar. This is done with the help of a description scheme which is developed by augmenting grammar primitives and spatial relations with descriptors. The description scheme allows the computation of descriptors for designs generated from grammar thus making possible the comparison of various design types in the language of a grammar. Such a description scheme for defining design types is especially significant for less restricted grammars that generate a large number of designs that are varied in nature. A formal definition of type in grammars allows users to sift through designs with particular features, and thus select desired designs.
keywords	Type; Design grammars; generative design; description scheme; product design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia12_47
id	acadia12_47
authors	Aish, Robert ; Fisher, Al ; Joyce, Sam ; Marsh, Andrew
year	2012
title	Progress Towards Multi-Criteria Design Optimisation Using Designscript With Smart Form, Robot Structural Analysis and Ecotect Building Performance Analysis"
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.047
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 47-56
summary	Important progress towards the development of a system that enables multi-criteria design optimisation has recently been demonstrated during a research collaboration between Autodesk’s DesignScript development team, the University of Bath and the engineering consultancy Buro Happold. This involved integrating aspects of the Robot Structural Analysis application, aspects of the Ecotect building performance application and a specialist form finding solver called SMART Form (developed by Buro Happold) with DesignScript to create a single computation environment. This environment is intended for the generation and evaluation of building designs against both structural and building performance criteria, with the aim of expediently supporting computational optimisation and decision making processes that integrate across multiple design and engineering disciplines. A framework was developed to enable the integration of modeling environments with analysis and process control, based on the authors’ case studies and experience of applied performance driven design in practice. This more generalised approach (implemented in DesignScript) enables different designers and engineers to selectively configure geometry definition, form finding, analysis and simulation tools in an open-ended system without enforcing any predefined workflows or anticipating specific design strategies and allows for a full range of optimisation and decision making processes to be explored. This system has been demonstrated to practitioners during the Design Modeling Symposium, Berlin in 2011 and feedback from this has suggested further development.
keywords	Design Optimisation , Scripting , Form Finding , Structural Analysis , Building Performance
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia12_391
id	acadia12_391
authors	Ajlouni, Rima
year	2012
title	The Forbidden Symmetries
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2012.391
source	ACADIA 12: Synthetic Digital Ecologies [Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3] San Francisco 18-21 October, 2012), pp. 391-400
summary	The emergence of quasi-periodic tiling theories in mathematics and material science is revealing a new class of symmetry, which had never been accessible before. Because of their astounding visual and structural properties, quasi-periodic symmetries can be ideally suited for many applications in art and architecture; providing a rich source of ideas for articulating form, pattern, surface and structure. However, since their discovery, the unique long-range order of quasi-periodic symmetries, is still posing a perplexing puzzle. As rule-based systems, the ability to algorithmically generate these complicated symmetries can be instrumental in understanding and manipulating their geometry. Recently, the discovery of quasi-periodic patterns in ancient Islamic architecture is providing a unique example of how ancient mathematics can inform our understanding of some basic theories in modern science. The recent investigation into these complex and chaotic formations is providing evidence to show that ancient designers, by using the most primitive tools (a compass and a straightedge) were able to resolve the complicated long-range principles of ten-fold quasi-periodic formations. Derived from these ancient principles, this paper presents a computational model for describing the long-range order of octagon-based quasi-periodic formations. The objective of the study is to design an algorithm for constructing large patches of octagon-based quasi-crystalline formations. The proposed algorithm is proven to be successful in producing an infinite and defect-free covering of the two-dimensional plane.
keywords	computational model , quasi-crystalline , symmetries , algorithms , complex geometry
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2014_016
id	ascaad2014_016
authors	Al-Ratrout, Samer A. and Rana Zureikat
year	2014
title	Pedagogic Approach in the Age of Parametric Architecture: Experimental method for teaching architectural design studio to 3rd year level students
source	Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 211-226
summary	In this era, Architectural Design Practice is faced with a paradigm shift in its conventional approaches towards computational methods. In this regard, it is considered a pedagogic challenge to boost up knowledge and skills of architectural students’ towards an advanced approach of architectural design that emphasizes the potentials and complexity of computational environments and parametric tools for design problem solving. For introducing the concept of Parametric Oriented Design Methods to 3rd year level architectural students, an experimental pedagogic course was designed in the scholastic year of 2012-2013 at German Jordanian University GJU (School of Architecture and Built Environment SABE) to approach this concept. In the preparation phase, the experimental course was designed to incorporate structured instructing and training method to be consecutively performed within experimental lab environment to target predetermined learning outcomes and goals. The involved students were intentionally classified into three levels of previous involvement associated with the related software operating skills and computational design exposure. In the implementation phase, the predetermined instructing and training procedures were performed in the controlled environment according to the planned tasks and time intervals. Preceded tactics were prepared to be executed to resolve various anticipated complication. In this phase also, students’ performance and comprehension capacity were observed and recorded. In data analysis phase, the observed results were verified and correlations were recognized. In the final phase, conclusions were established and recommendations for further related pedagogic experiments were introduced.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2016/02/15 13:09

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