Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ijac201311305
id	ijac201311305
authors	Esquivel, Gabriel; Dylan Weiser, Darren J Hartl, Daniel Whitten
year	2013
title	POP-OP: A Shape Memory-Based Morphing Wall
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 3, 347-362
summary	Recent tendencies in architecture take a unique point of view, with aesthetically novel and unnatural sensibilities emerging from a close scrutiny and study of apparently natural systems. These tendencies are being driven by mathematical and computational abstractions that transform the way we understand the matterinformation relationship. This project was inspired by Op Art, a twentieth century art movement and style in which artists sought to create an impression of movement on an image surface by means of an optical illusion. Passive elements consisting of composite laminates were produced with the goal of creating lightweight, semi-rigid, and nearly transparent pieces. The incorporation of active materials comprised a unique aspect of this project: the investigation of surface movement through controlled and repeatable deformation of the composite structure using shape memory alloy (SMA) wiring technology. The integration of composite materials with SMA wiring and Arduino automation control resulted in an architectural wall that incorporated perceptual and actual motion.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	caadria2014_150
id	caadria2014_150
authors	Knapp, Chris; Jonathan Neslon and Michael Parsons
year	2014
title	Constructing Atmospheres
source	Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 149–158
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.149
summary	This paper documents and critically reflects upon the design, development, fabrication, and implementation of three pavilion projects developed during 2013-14. The core investigation of this work is the production of architectural spaces characterized by a quality of enveloping, diffuse, visual and spatial atmospheres. The principal activity of the research is aimed at refining methods for software-based exploration of formal complexities and the subsequent need to control variability and efficiency in fabrication output, using Grasshopper for Rhino to develop customized definitions particular to each specific project scenario. Linking the projects together are issues of scale, resolution of effect, and intent to move from disparate assemblies of structure and skin toward composite, manifold construction techniques that address multiple concerns (gravity, bracing, affect, etc) with a minimum of assembly. A material palette common to the current vernacular of CNC-based projects such as plywood, plastics, and other sheet materials is utilised. This work is invested in extending the possibilities of the architect and architecture as a discipline, extrapolating the workflow from these successive projects to the speculative impact of the work upon emerging possibilities of architectural construction and craft.
keywords	3d modelling; Digital fabrication; Rhinoceros; Grasshopper; Tessellation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	sigradi2013_414
id	sigradi2013_414
authors	Economou, Athanassios
year	2013
title	f(xn): Explicit and Recursive Definitions of Architectural Typology
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 211 - 216
summary	The notion of a generative description of architectural typology is discussed. Two different approaches are identified and contrasted in terms of their expressive power in design. The building type of the courthouse is selected to showcase and test the approach. One case study is briefly presented to pictorially illustrate the findings.
keywords	Computation; Typology; Shape grammars; Courthouse design; Variation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:51

_id	sigradi2013_77
id	sigradi2013_77
authors	Banda, Pablo S.; Arturo Lyon Gottlieb
year	2013
title	Agregados Inflables y Patrones Emergentes: Logro de Patrones de Orden Superior mediante Compresión Axial [Inflatable Aggregates and Emergent Patterns: Higher-Order Patterns Achievement through Axial Compression]
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 239 - 243
summary	This paper presents a Generative Design exploration of a simulated Inflatable Components Aggregate (ACN) ruled by local configurations and mechanical behavior, tested in a digital environment. The Design Product is revealed through compressions and deformations evaluation, where the ACN internal interaction’s exhibits emerging global patterns.
keywords	Generative design, Form Finding, Simulation
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	acadia13_121
id	acadia13_121
authors	Beites, Steven
year	2013
title	Morphological Behavior of Shape Memory Polymers Toward a Deployable, Adaptive Architecture
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 121-128
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.121
summary	Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are an emerging class of “smart materials” that have dual-shape capability. They are able to undergo significant deformation when exposed to an external stimulus such as heat or light. SMPs have been widely investigated within the biomedicine and aerospace industries; however, their potential has yet to be explored within an architectural framework. The research presented in this paper begins an investigation into the morphological behavior ofSMPs toward a deployable, adaptive architecture. The structure’s ease of assembly, compact storage, transportability and configurable properties offer promising applications in emergency and disaster relief shelters, lightweight recreational structures and a variety of other applications in the temporary construction and aerospace industry. This paper explores the use of SMPs through the development of a dynamic actuator that links a series of interconnected panels creating overall form to a self-standing structure. The shape-shifting behavior of the SMP allows the dynamic actuator to become flexible when storage and transportability are required. Alternatively, when exposed to the appropriate temperature range, the actuator is capable of returning to its memorized state for on-site deployment. Through a series ofprototypes, this paper will provide a fundamental understanding of the SMP’s thermo-mechanicalproperties toward deployable, adaptive architecture.
keywords	next-generation technology, smart materials, shape-memory polymers, material analysis, smart assemblies, dynamic actuator, soft architecture
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2013r_020
id	ecaade2013r_020
authors	Bello Diaz, Gabriel; Dubor, Alexandre
year	2013
title	Magnetic architecture. A new order in design
source	FUTURE TRADITIONS [1st eCAADe Regional International Workshop Proceedings / ISBN 978-989-8527-03-5], University of Porto, Faculty of Architecture (Portugal), 4-5 April 2013, pp. 237-245
summary	With the exploration of additive manufacturing, Magnetic Architecture develops different systems and strategies to use magnetic fields for controlling material through construction. In this research we utilize the overlapping of different technologies and digital tools that participate in the innovation of architecture. Thanks to hacked 6-axis robots, Magnetic Architecture approaches decision making from a top/down and bottom/up process. These new processes and conclusions are continuously leading to more areas of research and new design processes, which begins to question the role of the architect with these emerging technologies.
keywords	Additive Manufacturing; Sensor Logic; Incremental Coding; Dynamic Blueprints (DBP)
email
last changed	2013/10/07 19:08

_id	acadia13_293
id	acadia13_293
authors	Bessai, Tom
year	2013
title	Bending-Active Bundled Structures: Preliminary Research and Taxonomy Towards an Ultra-Light Weight Architecture of Differentiated Components
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 293-300
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.293
summary	This paper documents preliminary research into a bending-active architecture that leverages the “bundling” of linear force-active elements in order to create spatial diversity and differentiation.The primary design components of the system are light-weight GFRP rods and tubes that perform well in elastic bending. Material testing and iterative physical model studies are documented, and provide a framework to guide the further development of emerging spring-based computation methods. Challenges to the system include the analysis and resolution of rod-to-rod bundled connections, as well as the development of predictable bifurcation and crossing unions. The paperidentifies key precedents to the work followed by a brief summary of the material selection and testing framework. A speculative taxonomy of bundled bending-active “types” is proposed and supported by examples and prototypes.
keywords	Bundling, Bending-Active, Force-Active Architecture, Material Systems, Spring-based Modeling
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia13_183
id	acadia13_183
authors	Goyal, Akshay
year	2013
title	Hackitecture: Open Source Ecology in Architecture
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 183-190
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.183
summary	This paper discusses the changing modes of conception, production and consumption of architecture within the larger open source discourse. Analogies are drawn from the field of computer science to conceptually understand the relevance of ideas like hacktivism, crowdsourcing, open source, social media and user-centric approaches with regard to architecture in the twenty-first century. These ideas are discussed in relationship with the long lineage of research carried out within the architectural community regarding user participation in design. Contemporary interpretation of similar ideas is discussed with relation to how they could be systematically classified based on the nature of the “open” and the “source” as an approach toward design and architecture. Hybridizing these approaches leads to what can be termed as “hackitecture,” a systemic appropriation of the hacker culture and the open source movement as an architectural agency. The essay then argues for an open source framework for architecture where obvious differences between the user and designer are dissolved, and wherein the conception-to-production and eventual conception of the architectural “object” exists as a continuum. Such a framework is discussed with respect to the technological shift emerging within the discipline. The essay concludes with the possibility of situating such processes within the larger post-capitalist sociopolitical turmoil seen today while discussing the problematics of such an approach.
keywords	open source architecture, crowd-sourced design, participatory design processes, user interaction, post-capitalist architecture, social media
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaade2013r_018
id	ecaade2013r_018
authors	Goyal, Akshay
year	2013
title	Field condition and the robotic urban landscapes
source	FUTURE TRADITIONS [1st eCAADe Regional International Workshop Proceedings / ISBN 978-989-8527-03-5], University of Porto, Faculty of Architecture (Portugal), 4-5 April 2013, pp. 217-228
summary	The paper explores the concept of the ‘field condition’ in recent urban discourse and its implication with respect to emerging technologies in the domains of robotics and AI. The author argues that the notion of ‘field condition’ as one of ‘loosely bound aggregates characterized by porosity and local interconnectivity defined not by overarching geometrical schemas but by intricate local connections’1, has inherent limitations in its contemporary manifestation. The paper then discusses the discourse of the field theory in architecture & urbanism in context with recent developments in swarm robotics, modular self reconfiguring robotic systems and distributed intelligence. Recent design proposals that explore the idea of the city informed by such technologies are also analyzed. The author then argues for a ‘Robotic Urban Landscape’ that builds on the notion of the field as a possibility in the near future. In such a theoretical construct the city consists of a field of ‘nomadic’ mobile technological artifacts that respond to a complex set of parameters and act as a collective whole. The ‘robotic field condition’ in this respect has both physical and virtual dimensions, is both machinic and biological, and has fuzzy binary condition, effectively dematerializing its identity as part of the larger whole. Such fields of mini robots, which collectively are able to perform complex task systems, get intrinsically linked to the city fabric and result in a new urban ecology. The impact on the urban condition as a result of these ‘robotic fields’ of loosely bound mobile artificial constructs that respond in the mathematical matrix of urban ecology and socio economic parameters, is also discussed. Lastly the author suggests a provocative likelihood of a ‘singularity’ moment in light of these developments and the need to relook at contemporary architectural discourse
keywords	Field theory, robotics, artificial intelligence, robotic ecology, emerging technology, emergent urbanism
email
last changed	2013/10/07 19:08

_id	ijac201310102
id	ijac201310102
authors	Kocaturk, Tuba
year	2013
title	Emerging Socio-Technical Networks of Innovation in Architectural Practice
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 1, 21-36
summary	This article reports on the initial analyses and findings of on-going research project which investigates the socio-technical transformation of Architectural practice due to technology adoption.A conceptual framework is developed as a tool to identify, analyse, and characterize the different socio-technical networks in current practice, and the ways in which these networks are being developed and coordinated. Highly technology- mediated and interdisciplinary architectural/engineering practices have been monitored and studied in their real-life project contexts.Through comparative case analyses, a conceptual framework has been developed and used to represent and analyse emerging socio- technical networks and the ways in which these networks facilitate innovation. In this context, new modes/practices of innovations are identified through the diverse and dynamic relationships emerging between architects, digital tools/systems, the design artefact, and the various multi-disciplinary knowledge/actors in a socio-technical setting.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	caadria2013_056
id	caadria2013_056
authors	Lim, Jason; Fabio Gramazio and Matthias Kohler
year	2013
title	A Software Environment for Designing Through Robotic Fabrication – Developing a Graphical Programming Toolkit for the Digital Design and Scaled Robotic Fabrication of High Rises
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 45-54
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.045
wos	WOS:000351496100005
summary	The term “robot” was born from a play written almost a century ago. Today robotic fabrication has become an emerging topic in architectural research. As architects work with these technologies, they are challenged with writing a different kind of play: here robots are the actors and the physical materialization of a design is their performance. However current Computer Aided Design (CAD) packages do not provide native robot programming functionalities which architects require to plan and orchestrate these fabrication process. To address this limitation, a Python library for robot programming is written. It is referenced by a toolkit of custom components developed to extend a graphical programming environment commonly used for architectural design. The empirical development of these software tools takes place in the context of a design studio investigating the subject of the high rise. The tools are tested in a workflow that involves the digital design and scaled robotic fabrication of high-rise housing. This paper discusses the considerations underlying the toolkit’s design, the outcomes of its use in the studio, and its impact on the creative design process.
keywords	Robotic fabrication, Architectural model, Software tools, High rise design, Creative computational design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	sigradi2018_1405
id	sigradi2018_1405
authors	Massara Rocha, Bruno; Santo Athié, Katherine
year	2018
title	Emerging senses from Smart Cities phenomenon
source	SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 434-441
summary	The paper analyses the emerging senses from the Smart Cities phenomenon, using as background Lemos (2017), Maia (2013), Rozestraten (2016), Söderström, Paache & Klauser (2014) and evaluating the speeches found in the SmartCity Expo Curitiba. We identified three basic senses: the binary utopia/ficcion, business and informational city, discussed by philosophers such as Foucault (2017), Lévy (2011) e Harvey (2014). The results outline the importance of political role of technology and adverts that it must not be controlled by business. Finally, the paper concludes that the smartest technology is one that opens space to the inclusion of greater human expressivity and subjectivity, not inducing a space of control.
keywords	Smart cities; Digital technologies; Technopolitics;
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	cf2013_149
id	cf2013_149
authors	McMeel, Dermott and Robert Amor
year	2013
title	Fabricate It, Paint It – And Don’t Wait up: Separating Fact from Fiction in Digitally Sponsored Fabrication
source	Global Design and Local Materialization[Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 978-3-642-38973-3] Shanghai, China, July 3-5, 2013, pp. 149-158.
summary	This paper offers perspectives on emerging trends in materiality and digital fabrication. It explores effects on communication practices and investigates how this changing materiality of data impacts collaboration and interoperability within design and making. Computer numerical controlled (CNC) routing and laser-cutting services are available in most major cities. Affordable kits for 3D printers, CNC routers and DIY KUKA robots are available across the Internet. A considerable part of the attraction of these tools is the ability to fabricate physical goods without detailed fabrication knowledge. We look at this phenomenon through two sets of examples, making furniture with a CNC router and making robots and tangibles with a 3D printer. In our examples it appears materiality remains an important factor throughout the process. We unpick these examples to shed light on how the technology impacts knowledge practices and ways of thinking during design and making.
keywords	Design, digital media, fabrication, 3D printing, CNC routing, materiality
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2014/03/24 07:08

_id	caadria2013_051
id	caadria2013_051
authors	Roe, Stephen
year	2013
title	Information Storm – An Assessment of Responsive Facades and Their Potential to Introduce New Relations Between Building Users and the Weather
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 915-924
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.915
wos	WOS:000351496100094
summary	Today buildings are increasingly responsive to the weather. In such responsive buildings an “Open System” is emerging which consists of a coupling between buildings and their temporal environments. This paper assesses whether these new technologies, in addition to potentially reducing energy consumption, can also lead to a new experiential relation between building users and the weather. The paper qualitatively assesses current examples of Responsive Facades and their effect on the user’s experience of the weather. The information structures of the facade systems are then examined. From this analysis identify potential future avenues of research –or strategies – which may be most effective in making the weather apparent. Finally some design proposals which explore the possibilities of these strategies are presented. The paper is intended to complement the current, primarily technical, emphasis of research in this area by exploring the innovative architectural potential of Responsive Facades to create new user experiences and relations to the weather.
keywords	Responsive facades, Weather effects, Experience
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia13_347
id	acadia13_347
authors	Sabin, Jenny E.
year	2013
title	myThread Pavilion: Generative Fabrication in Knitting Processes
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 347-354
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.347
summary	Advancements in weaving, knitting and braiding technologies have brought to surface high-tech and high- performance composite fabrics. These products have historically infiltrated the aerospace, automobile, sports and marine industries, but architecture has not yet fully benefitted from these lightweight freeform surface structures. myThread, a commission from the Nike FlyKnit Collective, features knitted textile structures at the scale of a pavilion. The evolution of digital tools in architecture has prompted new techniques of fabrication alongside new understandings in the organization of material through its properties and potential for assemblage. No longer privileging column, beam and arch, our definition of architectural tectonics has broadened alongside advancements made in computational design. Internal geometries inherent to natural forms, whose complexity could not be computed with the human mind alone, may now be explored synthetically through mathematics and generative systems. Textiles offer architecture a robust design process whereby computational techniques, pattern manipulation, material production and fabrication are explored as an interconnected loop that may feed back upon itself in no particular linear fashion. The myThread Pavilion integrates emerging technologies in design through the materialization of dynamic data sets generated by the human body engaged in sport and movement activities in the city.
keywords	next generation technology, textiles, responsive material, knitting, data visualization, generative design, bio-data
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia13_379
id	acadia13_379
authors	Tamke, Martin; Stasiuk, David; Ramsgard Thomsen, Mette
year	2013
title	The Rise – Material Behaviour in Generative Design
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 379-388
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.379
summary	The research-based installation, The Rise, is led by the concept of a growing architecture able to sense and dynamically adapt to its environment as it grows into form while continuously reacting to its own material performance and behavioural constraints. This process is enabled through the careful integration of digital simulation techniques with multi-hierarchical generative design approaches. Aggregations of variably sized bundles of rattan core multiply, bend, branch and recombine into a distributed assembly that manifests an alternative to traditional structural systems. The hybrid approach links a material system with simulation and the iterative generation of geometry through a process of calibration at different stages of design. The project leverages emerging computational strategies for growth in a model for an architectural practice that engages the complexity and interdependencies that characterise a contemporary design practice.
keywords	complex systems, material behaviour, simulation, generative design, growth patterns, environmental aware design systems
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2013_078
id	caadria2013_078
authors	Briscoe, Danelle and Arman Hadilou
year	2013
title	Collective Intelligence: An Analytical Simulation of Social Interaction with Architectural System
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 375-384
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.375
wos	WOS:000351496100037
summary	This paper proposes an architectural system interactive to both users and the environmental condition in real-time. While nature acts as a global control for the system, the user can alter it locally. Due to the increasing digitization of our contemporary culture, there is an unprecedented capacity for information to flow in our physical and socially net-worked world that can be used to inform design problems and processes. Live and real-time information sources, like Twitter, could be virtually scanned for specific data input associated to a par-ticular geometrical manipulation. This process enables a collective group of users to inform the system. As the number of users increases there is collaboration for defining the form which is different from single user interaction. Since the model is associated with a specific definition of generative behaviours as described by the words, these definitions could be used as the
keywords	Real-time data streaming; crowd-sourcing; interactive architectural system.
series	CAADRIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	sigradi2013_274
id	sigradi2013_274
authors	Velasco, Rodrigo; Julián Viasus; Fabián Tocancipá
year	2013
title	Customizable Volumetric High Performance Brise-Soleil System Based on the Use of Planar Faces
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 328 - 332
summary	This paper presents a proposal for a cellular brise-soleil system appropriate for tropical humid climates. The system controls thermal gains whilst allowing for specific lighting requirements, permitting, in many cases, interior thermal and light comfort conditions without the use of thermal machines or artificial lighting. The development of the system involved a definition of variable design parameters and areas of performance evaluation and optimization, plus construction detailing development represented by a first project to be completed in 2014. Even if the geometrical definitions, optimization processes and production machinery are relatively simple and not particularly new to anyone in the field, it is claimed that the use of such already widely available technologies at this basic level, when solving relevant problems, has still to be used in generalised ways by common designers, and with the example shown, this paper wishes to promote such prospect.
keywords	Solar shadings; Environmental simulations; Parametric models; Performance in architecture
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 10:02

_id	acadia13_391
id	acadia13_391
authors	Abbasy-Asbagh, Ghazal
year	2013
title	[re]folding Muqarnas: A case study
source	ACADIA 13: Adaptive Architecture [Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-1-926724-22-5] Cambridge 24-26 October, 2013), pp. 391-392
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2013.391
summary	This project uses folded surface as a mechanism to make a historically non-structural system, Muqarnas, into one that combines surface and structure.
keywords	structural optimization, folded surface, cultural landscapes, muqarnas, complex geometry
series	ACADIA
type	Design Poster
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ijac201310105
id	ijac201310105
authors	Agkathidis, Asterios and Andre_ Brown
year	2013
title	Tree-Structure Canopy:A Case Study in Design and Fabrication of Complex Steel Structures using Digital Tools
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 1, 87-104
summary	This paper describes and reflects on the design and manufacturing process of the Tree-Structure canopy for the WestendGate Tower in Frankfurt upon Main, completed early 2011.The project investigated fabrication and assembly principles of complex steel structures as well as the integration of contemporary computational design, engineering, optimization and simulation techniques in a collaborative design approach. This paper focuses on the notion of modular standardization as opposed to non standard customized components. It also engages with issues relating to digital production tools and their impact on construction cost, material performance and tolerances. In addition it examines the reconfiguration of liability during a planning and construction process, an aspect which can be strongly determined by fabrication companies rather than the architect or designer.This paper is written as a reflection on the complete building process when contemporary digital tools are used from design through to fabrication. It studies both the generation of the steel structure as well the ETFE cushion skin. It reports on a collaborative project, where the main author was responsible for the canopies design, parameterization, digitalization and fabrication, as well as for the dissemination of the outcomes and findings during the design and realization process.As such it represents an example of research through design in a contemporary and evolving field.The canopy received a design award by the Hellenic Architecture Association.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

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