Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ijac201310106
id	ijac201310106
authors	Garg, Yogesh K. and Vinay M. Das
year	2013
title	Generating 3 Dimensional Pavilions Described in Mayamatam; A Traditional Indian Architecture Treatise
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 1, 105-134
summary	The traditional or classical architecture of India is an interesting subject for exploration from different perspectives.Taking pavilions described in Mayamatam as a representative of the traditional or classical architecture of India and analyzing them from the viewpoint of pattern recognition and mathematics encouraging results are obtained.A pattern is seen in the development of the design of pavilions and has been coded alpha-numerically. Based on the system of development and employing computer applications software is created to design pavilions, which follow the principles of traditional architecture.This software has multiple benefits. It can be used as a teaching aid for the subject ‘history of Indian Architecture’. For architectural conservationists and heritage enthusiasts it offers itself as a tool to help in visualization and digital reconstruction. For architects it can be a means for making structures of recent times, which have the essence of traditional architecture.The aim of this paper is to highlight the methodology for preparing this software and demonstrating its output.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ijac201310202
id	ijac201310202
authors	Leidi, Michele; Arno Schlüter
year	2013
title	Exploring Urban Space: Volumetric Site Analysis for Conceptual Design in the Urban Context
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 2, 157-182
summary	This paper proposes a set of new analytic and visualization methods for conceptual design in the urban context. The methodology is based on the discretization of the urban site into a volumetric grid of points. For each of these points, different physical properties such as solar radiation, airflow, and visibility are computed. Subsequently interactive visualization techniques allow the observation of the site at a volumetric, directional and dynamic level, making visible information that is typically invisible. Several case-studies demonstrate how this allows to generate suggestions, for example, for the definition of the form of a building or for the rationalization of its surfaces. This approach aims at developing a conceptual design process that allows the fusion of active technologies, passive methods, and expressive aspects, in cohesive concepts able to embrace and exploit the diversities of an urban site.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ijac201310207
id	ijac201310207
authors	Abondano, David
year	2013
title	The Return of Nature as an Operative Model: Decoding of Material Properties as Generative Inputs to the Form-Making Process
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 2, 267-284
summary	The abandonment of nature as an architectural model and the redefinition of the relationship between form and material were two of the main consequences of industrialization for modern architecture. While nature was replaced by the machine as a model for architecture, industrial production suppressed the craftsman's knowledge of the material and the associated techniques once essential to the form-making process. Thus, the replacement of nature as a model implied that principles once related to natural processes started to be seen as industrial values, i.e., the economy of means stopped being recognized as a quality related to natural form-making processes and became a demand of industrial production. Nowadays, material properties and nature are being reintroduced into architecture with the help of digital technologies; that is, the return of nature though computation. As a result, nature has become an operational model as opposed to the visual or iconic one it used to be; its inner qualities and processes are being decoded in order to inform the form-making process and foster innovative digital ornamentation.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ijac201310105
id	ijac201310105
authors	Agkathidis, Asterios and Andre_ Brown
year	2013
title	Tree-Structure Canopy:A Case Study in Design and Fabrication of Complex Steel Structures using Digital Tools
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 1, 87-104
summary	This paper describes and reflects on the design and manufacturing process of the Tree-Structure canopy for the WestendGate Tower in Frankfurt upon Main, completed early 2011.The project investigated fabrication and assembly principles of complex steel structures as well as the integration of contemporary computational design, engineering, optimization and simulation techniques in a collaborative design approach. This paper focuses on the notion of modular standardization as opposed to non standard customized components. It also engages with issues relating to digital production tools and their impact on construction cost, material performance and tolerances. In addition it examines the reconfiguration of liability during a planning and construction process, an aspect which can be strongly determined by fabrication companies rather than the architect or designer.This paper is written as a reflection on the complete building process when contemporary digital tools are used from design through to fabrication. It studies both the generation of the steel structure as well the ETFE cushion skin. It reports on a collaborative project, where the main author was responsible for the canopies design, parameterization, digitalization and fabrication, as well as for the dissemination of the outcomes and findings during the design and realization process.As such it represents an example of research through design in a contemporary and evolving field.The canopy received a design award by the Hellenic Architecture Association.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ijac201311303
id	ijac201311303
authors	Beorkrem, Chris; Mitchell McGregor, Igor Polyakov, Nicole Desimini
year	2013
title	Sphere Mapping: a method for responsive surface rationalization
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 3, 319-330
summary	The method proposed in this project addresses the parametric manipulation of a given pattern to respond directly to a parametric surface. The research attempts to propose a method for attaching fixed sized objects to a free flowing surface or "blanket." The model can be used to interrogate a series of shapes and forms with the same componentry. Continuing the research of Kevin Rotheroe, Yale University and founder of FreeForm Design. Rotheroe and his students developed a series of studies in material and surface properties. By utilizing a proven pattern, the proposed method sets parameters derived from the formal properties of the original pattern and produces a new pattern that is responsive to the curvature of a complex surface. The workflow developed in this research consists of a complex blending of tools in Rhino Grasshopper and Gehry Technologies Digital Project. The intent is to achieve the aesthetics and structure offered by Rotheroe's original research and to add a responsive precision that provides an accurate adaptation of the pattern based on curvature of a specific computationally defined surface.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ijac201310103
id	ijac201310103
authors	Bollmann, Dietrich and Alvaro Bonfiglio
year	2013
title	Design Constraint Systems - A Generative Approach to Architecture
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 1, 37-63
summary	Generative Architectural Design permits the automatic (or semiautomatic) generation of architectural objects for a wide range of applications, from archaeological research and reconstruction to digital sketching. In this paper the authors introduce design constraint systems (DCS), their approach to the generation of architectural design with the help of a simple example: The development of the necessary formalisms to generate a family of architectural designs, i.e. simple houses and pagodas. After explaining the formal system the authors introduce an approach for the generation of complex form based on the application of transformations and distortions.Architecture is bound by the constraints of physical reality: Gravitation and the properties of the used materials define the limits in which architectural design is possible. With the recent development of new materials and construction methods however, the ways in which form and physics go together get more complicated. As a result, the shapes of architecture gain more liberty, and more and more complex shapes and structures become possible.While these advances allow for new ways of architectural expression, they also make the design process much more challenging. For this reason new tools are necessary for making this complexity manageable for the architect and enable her to play and experiment with the new possibilities of complex shapes and structures. Design constraint systems can be used as tool for experimentation with complex form. Therefore, the authors dedicate the final part of this paper to a concise delineation of an approach for the generation of complex and irregular shapes and structures. While the examples used are simple, they give an idea of the generality of design constraint systems: By using a two-component approach to the generation of designs (the first component describes the abstract structure of the modelled objects while the second component interprets the structure and generates the actual geometric forms) and allowing the user to adjust both components freely, it can be adapted to all kind of different architectural styles, from historical to contemporary architecture.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	cf2013_063
id	cf2013_063
authors	Correia, José Vitor; Romao Lu_s, Ganhao Susana Rosado, Manuel Couceiro da Costa, Ana Santos Guerreiro, Diogo Pereira Henriques, Sara Garcia, Carlos Albuquerque, Maria Beatriz Carmo, Ana Paula Claudio, Teresa Chambel, Robin Burgess and Christian Marques
year	2013
title	A New Extended Perspective System for Architectural Drawings
source	Global Design and Local Materialization[Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures / ISBN 978-3-642-38973-3] Shanghai, China, July 3-5, 2013, pp. 63-75.
summary	This paper presents the work carried out by a multidisciplinary team of researchers, gathering knowledge in architecture, drawing, geometry, mathematics and computation. The research was directed in order to create a computational tool for architectural visualization - a new digital perspectograph - with the use of a new theoretical and operative approach to linear perspective. A new kind of projection surface, a parametric one, is added to the perspective concept under current tools. The mutations of this surface are explained and a set of graphical outputs is shown. A workshop with architecture students took place to help test and validate the concept and the computational prototype.
keywords	Linear perspective, visualization, drawing, perspectograph
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2014/03/24 07:08

_id	ijac201310101
id	ijac201310101
authors	Dade-Robertson, Martyn
year	2013
title	Architectural User Interfaces: Themes, Trends and Directions in the Evolution of Architectural Design and Human Computer Interaction
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 1, 1-19
summary	This paper reviews the historical and contemporary relationships between architectural design and Human Computer Interaction (hereafter HCI).Through this discussion the paper focuses on the enduring use of architecture as a metaphor in interaction design and the growing recognition that architectural space shapes the territory within which we interact with computational information.The paper begins with a brief discussion of the History of HCI before examining the relationship between the development of the computer Graphical User Interfaces (hereafter GUIs) and more recent work on Ubiquitous and Pervasive Computing.The paper then explores some current themes in HCI with a view to looking for potential overlaps between architectural design and new trends in the design of computational systems.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	caadria2013_043
id	caadria2013_043
authors	Freitas, Márcia Regina de and Regina Coeli Ruschel
year	2013
title	What is Happening to Virtual and Augmented Reality Applied to Architecture?
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 407-416
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.407
wos	WOS:000351496100040
summary	This paper presents the results of a comprehensive survey of activities on research and development of Virtual and Augmented Reality applied to architecture. 200 papers were reviewed, taken from annual conferences of the Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture (ACADIA) and its sibling organizations in Europe (ECAADE and CAAD Futures), Asia (CAADRIA), the Middle East (ASCAAD) and South America (SIGRADI). The papers were grouped in research areas (design method, architectural theory and history, performance evaluation, human interaction, representation and process & management), emphasis (education, application, collaboration, visualization, practice and theory) and technology development stage (specification, development, application demonstration and evaluation). The period of study comprises 11 years, from 2000 to 2011. Findings for each category are described and key publications and authors are identified.
keywords	Virtual reality, Augmented reality, Study of activity
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ijac201311301
id	ijac201311301
authors	Hack, Norman; Willi Lauer, Silke Langenberg, Fabio Gramazio, Matthias Kohler
year	2013
title	Overcoming Repetition: Robotic fabrication processes at a large scale
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 3, 285-300
summary	In the context of the Future Cities Laboratory (FCL) of ETH Zurich, the Professorship for Architecture and Digital Fabrication of Fabio Gramazio and Matthias Kohler has set up a robotic laboratory to investigate the potentials of non-standard robotic fabrication for high rise constructions in Singapore. The high degree of industrialisation of this dominant building typology implies standardisation, simplification and repetition and accounts for the increasing monotony evident in many Asian metropolises. The aim of this research on material systems for robotic construction is to develop a new and competitive construction method that makes full use of the malleable potential of concrete as a building material. A novel, spatial, robotic "weaving" method of a tensile active material that simultaneously acts as the form defining mould, folds two separate aspects of concrete-reinforcement and formwork-into one single robotic fabrication process (see Figure 1). This in-situ process could permit the fabrication of structurally differentiated, spatially articulated and material efficient buildings.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ijac201310104
id	ijac201310104
authors	Indraprastha, Aswin and Michihiko Shinozaki
year	2013
title	Computing Level of Privacy in a Virtual Environment
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 1, 65-86
summary	This paper presents a computational model designed to analyze architectural space and to a develop privacy level using two methods: visual distance method and viewing angle method as those are primary cognitive mechanism to experience architectural space.We suggest that the result will offer possibilities for quantitative design analysis of privacy that influenced by architectural elements.The proposed method consists of two stages: determination of subdivided enclosed spaces and measuring privacy level on each subdivided enclosed space. Previous models showed that spatial quality is related to the visual distance to the architectural elements. In addition to distance variables, our model includes viewing angle variables to determine area and the direction angle from any observation point to the architectural elements on the boundary of an interior space.The case study evaluation is able to rank the quality of design of interior spaces with respect to their privacy level.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	caadria2013_042
id	caadria2013_042
authors	Kaijima, Sawako; Roland Bouffanais and Karen Willcox
year	2013
title	Computational Fluid Dynamics for Architectural Design
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 169-178
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.169
wos	WOS:000351496100017
summary	Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a cost-effective, well-known technique widely employed in industrial design. While indoor analysis can be achieved via CFD, Wind Tunnel Testing (WTT) is still the prevailing mode of analysis for outdoor studies. WTT is often only performed a few times during the course of a building design/construction cycle and primarily for verification purposes. This paper presents a cross-disciplinary research initiative aiming to make CFD understandable and accessible to the architecture community. Our particular interest is in the incorporation of CFD into the early stages of architectural design. Many critical decisions, including those pertaining to building performance, are made during these stages, and we believe access to wind/airflow information during these stages will help architects make responsible design decisions. As a first step, we designed a passive cooling canopy for a bus stop based on the equatorial climatic conditions of Singapore where wind/airflow was a driving factor for geometry generation. We discuss our strategies for overcoming the two bottlenecks we identified when utilising CFD for this framework: mesh generation and result comprehension/visualisation.
keywords	CFD, Simulation, Visualization, Concept design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	sigradi2013_386
id	sigradi2013_386
authors	Keshani, Smruti; Matthew Swarts
year	2013
title	Virtualization of Medication Delivery in Intensive Care Unit Layouts to Analyze Impact on Nurse Behavior
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 624 - 628
summary	This research design aims to understand medication delivery behavior under different spatial configurations through the virtualization of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) environments. Architectural visualization using virtual reality is used to demonstrate capabilities in capturing experiential data. Three different Intensive Care Unit floor plans were modeled and presented in 3D virtual environments. Tasks were developed to simulate nurses’ activities during medication delivery to be analyzed for variables thought to affect nurse efficiency, nurse effectiveness, and satisfaction.
keywords	3D Virtual environment; Medication delivery; Space syntax; Hospital design
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:53

_id	caadria2013_208
id	caadria2013_208
authors	Kim, Jong Bum; Mark J. Clayton and Wei Yan
year	2013
title	Parameterize Urban Design Codes with BIM and Object-Oriented Programming
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 33-42
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.033
wos	WOS:000351496100004
summary	There has been a significant need for the new urban design apparatus that carries out performance analyses of the urban models, since the code reform movements focused on the sustainable urban developments. This research explores the use of parametric Building Information Modeling to enable stakeholders to intuitively understand the implications and consequences of urban design codes. We investigate whether key regulations can be captured as algorithms and ontologies in parametric BIM and Object-Oriented Programming. Then we present our prototype of parametric urban models in a BIM platform that explains (1) the extent which urban design code information can be parameterized in BIM and (2) the methods how parametric models can hold code information. The results show that our prototype enables real-time manipulations of code requirements and interactive visualization of code allowances.
keywords	Parametric modelling, BIM, Object-oriented programming, Urban design codes
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ijac201310204
id	ijac201310204
authors	Kontovourkis, Odysseas; Marios C. Phocas, George Tryfonos
year	2013
title	Prototyping of an Adaptive Structure based on Physical Conditions
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 2, 205-226
summary	Latest advances in digital architectural design enable applications of computation and fabrication strategies for the development of adaptive mechanisms. Adaptive design processes, influenced by environmental and human related conditions, are only developed partially with regard to the design, fabrication, and multi-objective performance based context. The current paper proposes an adaptive design process that investigates the design of a kinetic structure emphasizing material behaviour, embedded technology and computation. In parallel, it allows design proposals to adapt or transform with regard to geometrical configuration and structural behaviour according to external and internal influences. An adaptive hybrid structure is developed at digital and physical prototype level, where its behaviour is examined in real time under the influence of physical conditions. The development is based on a holistic design approach driven by environmental and human activity related conditions, while focusing on the application of elastic materials and embedded technology.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ijac201310203
id	ijac201310203
authors	Kotsopoulos, Sotirios D.; Wesley Graybill, Federico Casalegno
year	2013
title	Designing A Connected Sustainable Living Environment
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 2, 183-204
summary	This paper presents the design and development of a prototype, connected to a sustainable home project, which is at its final stage of implementation in Trento, N. Italy. The paper specifically focuses on the design ends and the technological means deployed in the process of implementing the prototype. Design ends outline the technical premises underpinning the development of the house systems. Technological means refer to the methods and technologies that had been deployed to satisfy the premises. Emphasis is given to the properties of the reconfigurable façade and the autonomous control system of the house, where variable transmittance materials, AI methods for building control and digital simulation are used in combination.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	caadria2013_087
id	caadria2013_087
authors	Lee, Jung Hoon and Atsuko Kaga
year	2013
title	Visual Analysis of the Relation Between Concentrated Districts of Knowledge-Based Industries and Third Places in Osaka City
source	Open Systems: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2013) / Singapore 15-18 May 2013, pp. 581-589
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.581
wos	WOS:000351496100057
summary	Recently, as the changes in the economic structure, service industries have become an important factor of the urban regeneration. Especially, Knowledge-based industry is garnering attention as an engine of urban economics. Urban present condition such as location of Knowledge-based industry visualization and analysis are main issues for people as well as policymakers, urban planner and designers. This paper presents analysis of the spatial characteristics of the distribution and spatial concentration of Knowledge-based Industry, specifically Business-support Services. Furthermore, this paper is intended to describe examination of the visual relation between spatial conditions and configuration by visualization using GIS and space syntax analysis. This paper shows that business support services are likely to concentrate in specific places. Results of this study show that each type of business support services is concentrated in different districts. Results show that creative design industries are located near the park, riverfront, and such third places with high integration and connectivity with the street by space syntax analysis. Results show that concentrated districts of creative design companies at inner block show relatively high local integration values and connectivity. This study elucidates how industrial concentration and spatial configuration can be ascertained visually.
keywords	Spatial analysis, Knowledge-based industry, Third place, GIS, Space syntax
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ijac201311302
id	ijac201311302
authors	Meagher, Mark; David van der Maas, Christian Abegg, Jeffrey Huang
year	2013
title	Dynamic ornament: An investigation of responsive thermochromic surfaces in architecture
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 3, 301-318
summary	This paper describes the use of environmental sensor data as a basis for the design of architectural ornament that takes on a distinctive appearance in response to the atmospheric conditions where it is located. Among the goals of the project were the identification of inexpensive fabrication methods that could be used to build responsive surfaces at the scale of a room, and the identification of material and tectonic strategies for integrating dynamic information displays in buildings. A series of prototypes were constructed to explore the benefits and limitations of thermochromic ink as a material for visualizing dynamic data, and a method is proposed for building thermochromic surfaces based on printed circuit boards (PCB's) that is cost-effective and allows the fabrication of large surfaces through tiling. The limitations of this method include high power consumption, a short lifespan and difficulties in controlling the surface temperature.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	ijac201311401
id	ijac201311401
authors	Moreno-De-Luca, Leonardo; Oscar Javier Begambre Carrillo
year	2013
title	Multi-Objective Heuristic Computation Applied To Architectural And Structural Design: A Review
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 11 - no. 4, 363-392
summary	Heuristic computation techniques have been used in a wide range of fields, demonstrating their capacity to solve highly complex optimization problems. This article presents the most common techniques and their extension into the multi-objective optimization field, and emphasizes in the application of them in structural and architectural design by presenting examples within topics like: topological, shape and dimensional optimization of truss structures, roof optimization for sunlight conditions and area minimization, grid structures, façade design, life cycle cost and environmental impact, energy efficiency and construction costs, morphogenetic structural optimization for shell structures, acoustical optimization, evolutionary architectural design, architectural layout design optimization, RC frames optimization, and land use zoning, within others. Finally, the conclusion leads to the recognition of heuristic computation not only as an optimization tool, but also as an important component of a design methodology for creating innovative, creative, efficient, well performing, and aesthetically pleasant architectural/engineering objects.
series	journal
last changed	2019/05/24 09:55

_id	sigradi2013_370
id	sigradi2013_370
authors	Nardelli, Eduardo Sampaio; João Tales Oliveira
year	2013
title	BIM e Desempenho no Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida - PMCMV [BIM and Performance in the Brazilian Dwelling Program “My Home My Life”]
source	SIGraDi 2013 [Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Chile - Valparaíso 20 - 22 November 2013, pp. 312 - 316
summary	This paper describes the current stage of an ongoing research developed at Mackenzie Presbyterian University, with support of FINEP, to use information and communication technologies (ICT) for the production of affordable houses in Brazil, focusing on the government’s program “Minha Casa Minha Vida” (My Home My Life – MCMV). Here we highlight the specific issue of adapting and extending the current BIM library of components provided by the Ministry of Development, Industry and Trade (MDIC), since the validity of the standard NBR 15575/13, which as of 2013, will guide the production of buildings in Brazil through strict performance requirements. We make a brief summary of the MCMV program, the terms of the standard and the structure of that library and then present guidelines for adapting and extending the existing components, taking into account international examples and the requirements from the new standard. As a result, we expect the revised components will facilitate the work of professionals in the building industry when designing and planning buildings.
keywords	BIM components; Performance standard; Affordable housing
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

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