CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id caadria2014_264
id caadria2014_264
authors Gannon, Madeline and Eric Brockmeyer
year 2014
title Teaching CAD/CAM Workflows to Nascent Designers
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.801
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 801–810
summary The following paper presents a suite of custom software environments that make advanced techniques in digital fabrication accessible to novice, first-year designers. The collective design aides facilitate a number of digital-to-physical workflows, including 3D modeling for CNC milling and 3D printing, 2D patterning for laser cutting, and interactive visualization for projection mapping. Each of the workflows illustrate pedagogical principles for embedding tacit and tactile knowledge into computational frameworks: balancing complexity against functional limits, revealing the underlying abstractions connecting digital geometry to CNC machines, engaging the designer through intuitive and responsive environments, and leveraging generative and interactive digital modeling for serial variation. These digital design and fabrication aides have been used to facilitate formal and material explorations for groups of pre-college and freshmen students, aged 16 to 19. Their resulting tangible artifacts—made from foam, birch plywood, paper, plastic, and light—show that CAD/CAM workflows can be an accessible subject matter for students without prior experience in digital modeling or fabrication.
keywords CAD/CAM; computational design education; digital fabrication; design aides; generative design
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id ecaade2016_048
id ecaade2016_048
authors Abramovic, Vasilija and Achten, Henri
year 2016
title From Moving Cube to Urban Interactive Structures - A case study
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.661
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 661-668
summary When thinking about the future vision of a city, having in mind recent development in digital technologies and digital design tools we are inclined to expect new building structures which incorporate this technology to better help us manage the complexity of life, and to simplify our daily lives and tasks. The idea behind this research paper lies in design of such structures, which could be put inside an urban context and engage in creating a built environment that can add more to the quality of life. For us Interactive architecture is architecture that is responsive, flexible, changing, always moving and adapting to the needs of today. The world is becoming more dynamic, society is constantly changing and the new needs it develops need to be accommodated. As a result architecture has to follow. Spaces have to become more adaptive, responsive and nature concerned, while having the ability for metamorphosis, flexibility and interactivity. Taken as a starting point of this idea is a specific module from graduation project in 2014 "The Unexpected city", where it was possible to test out first ideas about interactive and flexible objects in an urban environment.
wos WOS:000402063700071
keywords Flexible architecture; Interactive architecture; Responsive systems
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id ijac201412104
id ijac201412104
authors Stavric, Milena; Albert Wiltsche
year 2014
title Quadrilateral Patterns for Rigid Folding Structures
source International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 12 - no. 1, 61-80
summary In this paper we will do investigations on spatial quadrilateral meshes developed from folding patterns. The simplicity of manual production in combination with the geometrical complexity of paper folding shall lead to an inspiration for designing architectural structures. We propose geometrical methods for designing these quadrilateral structures which follow in their shape geometrical surfaces. Our methods use folding patterns where only four folding lines meet in one node and every quadrangular part stays flat. This enables simpler solutions for architectural realization in a big scale especially for join connections and assembling of the whole spatial and structural system. In order to understand and handle the complexity of paper folding we use CAD tools to model the structures where the entire folding element is reconstructed and its geometric characteristics are controlled. This kind of control reflects on scale models. Models are then adjusted, examined and built to reach certain further geometric conclusions that are once more tested in CAD software.
series journal
last changed 2019/05/24 09:55

_id ecaade2016_225
id ecaade2016_225
authors Thompson, Emine Mine
year 2016
title Smart City: Adding to the Complexity of Cities - A Critical Reflection
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.651
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 651-660
summary This paper seeks to further the state-of-the-art knowledge on what a smart city is; by analysing the smart cities across the world. It also seeks to find out how different approaches to the smart city creation influence the city. This worked based on the ongoing review on Smart Cities that was started in 2014. In particular, it is structured as follows. First, definition of "smart city" are reviewed, next typologies of smart cities were generated by analysing the different types of smart cities across the world. Following this, case studies are reported. Case studies are followed by a reflection. Paper drawn to conclusion following this section by giving research directions to take this research further.
wos WOS:000402063700070
keywords smart cities; future cities; urban planning; city transformations; number of smart cities
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id acadia23_v1_174
id acadia23_v1_174
authors Nejur, Andrei
year 2023
title NoeudAL Pavilion: Ultralight folded nodes for bespoke geometries
source ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 1: Projects Catalog of the 43rd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-8-1]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 174-179.
summary This research project, conducted at the University of Montreal School of Architecture, presents an innovative approach to the construction of reticulated structures, focusing on the development and application of a novel, ultralight aluminum node. The node, constructed from a folded, laser-cut, 1-mm aluminum sheet, is designed to accommodate wooden linear members with varied rectangular sections, making it adaptable to bespoke geometries and low valence nodes. This innovative design offers a solution to the long-standing challenge in the construction industry of balancing cost, customization, and weight for reticulated structures through novel node designs (Abdelwahab and Tsavdaridis 2019; Dyvik et al. 2023; Chilton 2007; Rochas 2014; Hassani et al. 2020).
series ACADIA
type project
email
last changed 2024/04/17 13:58

_id ascaad2014_016
id ascaad2014_016
authors Al-Ratrout, Samer A. and Rana Zureikat
year 2014
title Pedagogic Approach in the Age of Parametric Architecture: Experimental method for teaching architectural design studio to 3rd year level students
source Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 211-226
summary In this era, Architectural Design Practice is faced with a paradigm shift in its conventional approaches towards computational methods. In this regard, it is considered a pedagogic challenge to boost up knowledge and skills of architectural students’ towards an advanced approach of architectural design that emphasizes the potentials and complexity of computational environments and parametric tools for design problem solving. For introducing the concept of Parametric Oriented Design Methods to 3rd year level architectural students, an experimental pedagogic course was designed in the scholastic year of 2012-2013 at German Jordanian University GJU (School of Architecture and Built Environment SABE) to approach this concept. In the preparation phase, the experimental course was designed to incorporate structured instructing and training method to be consecutively performed within experimental lab environment to target predetermined learning outcomes and goals. The involved students were intentionally classified into three levels of previous involvement associated with the related software operating skills and computational design exposure. In the implementation phase, the predetermined instructing and training procedures were performed in the controlled environment according to the planned tasks and time intervals. Preceded tactics were prepared to be executed to resolve various anticipated complication. In this phase also, students’ performance and comprehension capacity were observed and recorded. In data analysis phase, the observed results were verified and correlations were recognized. In the final phase, conclusions were established and recommendations for further related pedagogic experiments were introduced.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2016/02/15 13:09

_id sigradi2014_342
id sigradi2014_342
authors Bermudez, Jane Jacqueline Espina
year 2014
title Hábitat lagunar, territorio de la complejidad: creación ancestral, diseño y construcción, una aproximación desde la cultura y cosmogonía añú [Lagoon habitat, territory of complexity ancestral creation, design and construction, an approach from the culture and cosmology añú]
source SiGraDi 2014 [Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-9974-99-655-7] Uruguay - Montevideo 12 - 14 November 2014, pp. 540-543
summary The añú community lives in Laguna Sinamaica territory of complexity building their habitat in wooden stilts houses, based on culture and añú cosmogony. A rural-urban intervention is done without understanding the conceptualization and development. This paper presents a methodology for analyzing the lagoon habitat, premises in the creative process, design and construction for future interventions, and a reflection on the use of criteria for urban and architectural design in modern water villages. This work is part of research “Peoples Water in Lake of Maracaibo Basin: History and Habitat”.
keywords lagoon habitat; añú culture; complex view; transversal look; territory of complexity
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id acadia21_444
id acadia21_444
authors Crawford, Assia
year 2021
title Mitochondrial Matrix
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.444
source ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 444-453.
summary The following project was created as part of an art residency with the Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research (WCMR) at Newcastle University. The WCMR specializes in leading-edge research into mitochondrial disease, investigating causes, treatments, and ways of avoiding hereditary transmission. Mitochondria is believed to have started off as a separate species that through symbiosis came to be the powerhouse of each cell in our bodies (Hird 2009). Mitochondrial disease is a genetic disorder that is caused by genetic mutations of the DNA of the mitochondria or the cell that in turn affects the mitochondria (Bolano 2018). Mitochondria is a hereditary condition and can affect people at different stages in their lives. It can affect various organs and has a link to various types of conditions. Therefore, the patient experience is unique to each individual and the elusive nature of the condition can make it particularly challenging due to the complexity of the disorder as well as the inaccessible scale on which these variations occur (Chinnery 2014)
series ACADIA
type project
email
last changed 2023/10/22 12:06

_id ijac201412305
id ijac201412305
authors Davis, Daniel
year 2014
title Quantitatively Analysing Parametric Models
source International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 12 - no. 3, 307-320
summary Architectural practices regularly work with parametric models, yet almost nothing is known about the general properties of these models. We do not know how large a typical model is, or how complicated, or even what the typical parametric model does. These knowledge gaps are the focus of this article, which documents the first large-scale quantitative parametric model survey. In this paper three key quantitative metrics - dimensionality, size, and cyclomatic complexity - are applied to a collection of 2002 parametric models created by 575 designers. The results show that parametric models generally exhibit a number of strong correlations, which reveal a practice of parametric modelling that has as much to do with the management of data as it does with the modelling of geometry. These findings demonstrate the utility of software engineering metrics in the description and analysis of parametric models.
series journal
last changed 2019/05/24 09:55

_id ecaadesigradi2019_334
id ecaadesigradi2019_334
authors Dembski, Fabian, Wössner, Uwe and Letzgus, Mike
year 2019
title The Digital Twin - Tackling Urban Challenges with Models, Spatial Analysis and Numerical Simulations in Immersive Virtual Environments.
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.795
source Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 795-804
summary For the built environment's transformation we are confronted with complex dynamics connected to economic, ecologic and demographic change (Czerkauer-Yamu et al., 2013; Yamu, 2014). In general, cities are complex systems being a "heterogeneous mosaic" of a variety of cultures and functions, characterised by diverging perceptions and interests (ibid). The juxtaposed perceptions and interests in relation to ongoing spatial processes of change create a particularly complex situation. Thus, for planning processes we are in need of approaches that are able to cope not only with the urban complexity but also allow for participatory processes to empower citizens. This paper presents the approach of using Digital Twins in virtual reality (VR) for civic engagement in urban planning, enriched with quantitative and qualitative empirical data as one promising approach to tackle not only the complexity of cities but also involve citizens in the planning process.
keywords Digital Twin; Collaborative Planning; Planning and Decision Support; Participation; Virtual Reality; Global System Science
series eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id cf2015_099
id cf2015_099
authors Dickinson, Susannah
year 2015
title Hybrid Connections: Computational Mapping Methodologies for Mexico City
source The next city - New technologies and the future of the built environment [16th International Conference CAAD Futures 2015. Sao Paulo, July 8-10, 2015. Electronic Proceedings/ ISBN 978-85-85783-53-2] Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 8-10, 2015, pp. 99-111.
summary The digital age is facilitating an ever increasing trend of globalized language and culture. Environmental issues are no longer a static concept as climate change and population growth force concepts of adaptability. What does this mean for the academy? How do we educate students to contemplate future urban scenarios and make some organization out of this more dynamic, complex future? The following paper seeks to disseminate a spring 2014 design studio at The University of Arizona where these issues were addressed, with Mexico City as a test bed. Computation has become a vital tool in the organizational process of these complex issues and big data. Various digital tools and platforms were explored in the studio to determine which ones would be most useful in modeling, mapping, designing and processing some of the complex relationships that are present in urban environments today.
keywords digital methodologies, urban design, complexity, hybridized networks, adaptability
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2015/06/29 07:55

_id ecaade2014_054
id ecaade2014_054
authors Domenico D'Uva
year 2014
title Morphogenesis and panelling, the use of generative tools beyond academia. - Case studies and limits of the method.
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.2.081
source Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 81-87
summary The increasing complexity in architectural design brought a parallel evolution of tools for shape generation and management. Digital tools which better fulfil this need are the generative design software. The aim of this work is finding and testing real life uses of generative design software beyond academic edges. The specific target is transform a complex surface into a similar surface mostly made of flat panels. As a testing ground it has been chosen the support in construction of complex shapes made with ordinary and well known tools. The combination of software used is Rhinoceros, with its plugin Grasshopper, and a couple of opensource add-on, Lunchbox and Paneling tool. The cases are listed from the simplest to the most complex, and the first four are solved with the automated procedure, the fifth, manually. Based on the cases studied it is possible to confirm that the method is applicable to the majority of the complex surfaces.
wos WOS:000361385100007
keywords Generative; panelling; discretization
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id ecaade2014_233
id ecaade2014_233
authors Evangelos Pantazis and David Gerber
year 2014
title Material Swarm Articulations - New View Reciprocal Frame Canopy
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.1.463
source Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 463-473
summary Material Swarm Articulations, is an experiment in developing a multi-objective optimization system that incorporates bottom up approaches for informing architectural design. The paper presents an initial built project that demonstrates the combination of a structural form finding method, with an agent based design system through the digital fabrication processes. The objective of this research is to develop a workflow combined with material and construction constraints that has the potential to increase performance objectives while enabling geometric complexity and design driven articulation of a traditional tectonic system. The emphasis of the research at this stage is to take advantage of material properties and assembly methods applied to a digital design and simulation workflow that enables emergent patterns to influence the performance of the space.The paper illustrates the research through a prototype of a self standing canopy structure in 1:1 scale. It presents results of the form finding, generative patterning, digital fabrication affordances and sets and agenda for next steps in the use of multi-agent systems for design purposes.
wos WOS:000361384700046
keywords Computational design; agent-based system; digital fabrication; parametric design; reciprocal frames; form finding; multi-objective optimization, multi-agent systems for design
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id acadia14projects_135
id acadia14projects_135
authors Freeland, David; Buck Brennan
year 2014
title Flight Patterns
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.135.2
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 135-138
summary Flight Patterns is a 48 inch box kite that studies how spatial and perceptual complexity can be developed through the structural logic of the space frame. The project reinvestigates Alexander Graham Bell's tetrahedral kite as a potential architectural structure through a logic of hierarchy and difference, trading lift for a complex three-dimensional order of intricately stacked volumes.
keywords Craft in the Digital Age, Material logics and Tectonics, Computational Design Research and Education, Digital Fabrication and Construction, Theory, Philosophy and Methodology of Computational Design Research
series ACADIA
type Research Projects
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id ecaade2014_041
id ecaade2014_041
authors Gabriel Wurzer, Bob Martens and Thomas Grasl
year 2014
title ProceeDings - A web-based word processor automating the production of conference proceedings
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.1.011
source Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 11-20
summary In this paper an online editing system for eCAADe papers is presented, which is also the technology behind this proceedings volume. On the occasion of the eCAADe 1999 conference in Liverpool, a novel layout for the proceedings was developed. In the course of forthcoming annual conferences, this became the distinctive “look and feel” of the eCAADe proceedings. Due to the complexity, professional typesetting was required for and the authors were disconnected from the publication and layout stage. This paper elaborates on the development and implementation of a web-based tool, which takes care of the typesetting and delegates this activity again to the authors. Neither software installation is required, nor specific training must be completed in advance. On top of this the degree of homogeneity can be raised significantly, thus supporting the editors in charge to concentrate on the task of harmonising the resulting publication output.
wos WOS:000361384700001
keywords Word processing; proceedings preparation; cloud computing
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id acadia14_229
id acadia14_229
authors Georgiou, Michail; Georgiou, Odysseas; Kwok, Theresa
year 2014
title Form Complexity - Rewind | ‘God’s Eye’ Sukkahville 2013
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.229
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 229-236
summary A bottom-up, multidisciplinary approach, redefining design and construction of complex forms through integration of material properties, fabrication constraints and construction logistics.
keywords Material Logics & Tectonics, Performance in Design, Computational design research and education, Practice-based and interdisciplinary computational design research, Digital fabrication and construction, New digital design concept and strategies
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id caadria2014_237
id caadria2014_237
authors Imbern, Matias
year 2014
title (Re)Thinking the Brick: Digital Tectonic Masonry Systems
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.211
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 211–220
summary "The introduction of digital tools in the production of architecture undoubtedly constitutes the main force behind contemporary architectural innovation. In addition, the interaction of digital technologies with analog craft manufacturing -a rather unexplored field of study- suggests a wide range of novel opportunities. This research focuses on developing a framework for deploying digital design techniques to the production of bricks under vernacular technology as a medium of achieving geometrical variations and functional complexity in domestic-scale projects. Solid clay bricks are embedded in traditional ceramic-construction culture. Thus, this investigation faces the challenges of making a feasible innovative system in a country where digital fabrication is not an economically viable option, and engaging a design that can be easily implemented with current hand-labour. Consequently, the new bricks would be massively introduced in the construction market, allowing novel formal and functional possibilities for designers.
keywords Ceramics; brick; tectonic; digital tools; fabrication; vernacular technology
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id caadria2014_177
id caadria2014_177
authors Jonas, Katrin; Alan Penn and Paul Shepherd
year 2014
title Designing with Discrete Geometry
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.513
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 513–522
summary There has been a shift in aesthetics from the modern orthogonal building envelope to more elaborate curved and folded forms. Non_orthogonal forms are often associated with complete freedom of geometry, entrusting the advancement in custom manufacturing and robotic fabrication of one-off building parts to realise the design. This paper presents a methodology that allows non_orthogonal surfaces to be designed using a constrained library of discrete, tessellating parts. The method enables the designer both to produce ‘approximations’ of freeform designs in a top_down manner or to generate ‘candidate’ designs in a bottom_up process. It addresses the challenge in the field of design engineering to generate architectural surfaces which are complex, yet simple and economical to construct. The system relates to the notion that complexity derives from simple parts and simple rules of interaction. Here complexity relates to the holistic understanding of a structure as an interaction between its local parts, global form and visual, as well as functional performance.
keywords Geometry system; form generation; form growth; discrete growth model; design tool; complex geometry
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id acadia14projects_193
id acadia14projects_193
authors Koerner, Julia; Boltenstern, Marie; Al-Rawi, Kais
year 2014
title Cellular Complexity "Evolve"
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.193
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 193-196
summary Cellular Complexity “Evolve” is an installation, which exhibits the potential of cellular geometries at a spatial architectural scale. The complex twisted geometry was generatively designed and digitally fabricated and stands out for cutting edge digital design concept and strategy.
keywords cellular geometries, biological systems, performative parameters
series ACADIA
type Practice Projects
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id ecaade2011_144
id ecaade2011_144
authors Kunze, Antje; Halatsch, Jan; Vanegas, Carlos; Jacobi, Martina Maldaner
year 2011
title A Conceptual Participatory Design Framework for Urban Planning: The case study workshop ‘World Cup 2014 Urban Scenarios’, Porto Alegre, Brazil
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2011.895
source RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp.895-903
summary This paper focuses on the definition of a conceptual participatory design framework for urban planning. Traditional planning methods can no longer satisfy the growing demands on sustainable urban planning in regard to factors such as complexity, problem size, and level of detail and these limitations make the development of new approaches necessary. Expert knowledge as well as insights from stakeholders and community members needs to take part equally in the decision-making process since they are responsible for a broad understanding and acceptance of final planning decisions. Therefore, a participatory framework is presented in the following, which integrates needs and requirements of stakeholders. In order to enable diverse groups of stakeholders to act conjointly, we propose the application of interactive decision support tools, which will leverage general conclusions especially to solve crucial zplanning decisions.
wos WOS:000335665500103
keywords Decision-making process; stakeholder participation; shape grammars; procedural model; urban planning
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/05/01 23:21

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