CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 370

_id ijac201412408
id ijac201412408
authors Bueno, Ernesto and Benamy Turkienicz
year 2014
title Supporting Tools for Early Stages of Architectural Design
source International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 12 - no. 4, 495-512
summary In architectural design, pencil and paper remain the most frequently used media to create freehand drawings to support early design stages. Digital tools conventionally used by architects lack appropriate functionalities and do not offer friendly interfaces for the early stages of architectural design.These are the bad news.The good news are twofold: a) hardware already available can help freehand designers todigitally express their first ideas; and b) functionality principles present in experimental software combined with appropriate hardware could successfully provide a friendly and intuitive human-computer interaction in the early stages of architectural design.This paper takes special attention to the way architects interact with computers, how input devices constrain possible interactions and how functionalities can be explored through these interactions.The article summarizes basic principles to be considered in the development of an all-in-one software and create a scenario whereby these principles are simulated on a hypothetical software to be used during the early stages of architectural design.
series journal
last changed 2019/05/24 09:55

_id acadia14_117
id acadia14_117
authors Elkhaldi, Maher; Woodbury, Robert
year 2014
title Interacting With Alternatives: Alt.Text
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.117
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 117-124
summary Demonstration of the Alt.Text a prototype that tackles usability issues found in parametric modeling tools for exploring alternatives, from the context of text-authoring. The authors draw on similarities between text-editing and parametric modeling; and introduce a number of novel interactions through a multi-state data model, subjunctive interfaces, and a flexible hierarchy model.
keywords Human-Computer interaction Design Alternatives Design SpaceSubjunctive User-Interfaces Multi-State ModelsParallel EditingHierarchy
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id ascaad2014_004
id ascaad2014_004
authors Afsari, Kereshmeh; Matthew E. Swarts and T. Russell Gentry
year 2014
title Integrated Generative Technique for Interactive Design of Brickworks
source Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 49-64
summary Bricks have been used in the construction industry as a building medium for millennia. Distinct patterns of bricks depict the unique aesthetic intentions found in Roman, Gothic and Islamic architecture. In contemporary practice, the use of digital tools in design has enabled methodologies for creating new forms in architecture. CAD and BIM systems provide new opportunities for designers to create parametric objects for building form generation. In masonry design, there exists an inherent contradiction between traditional patterns in brick design, which are formal and prescribed, and the potential for new patterns generated using design scripting. In addition, current tools do not provide interactive techniques for the design of brickwork patterns that can manage constant changes parametrically, to inform and influence design process, by providing design feedback on the constructive and structural aspects of the proposed brick pattern and geometry. This research looks into the parametric techniques that can be applied to create different kinds of patterns on brick walls. It discusses a methodology for an interactive brickwork design within generative techniques. By integrating data between two computational platforms – the first based on image analysis and the second on parametric modeling, we demonstrate a methodology and application that can generate interactive arbitrary patterns and map it to the brick wall in real-time.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2016/02/15 13:09

_id caadria2014_207
id caadria2014_207
authors Beorkrem, Christopher and Charles Davis II
year 2014
title A Primitive Parametric
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.893
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 893–902
summary This paper describes the products of an exhibition organized by the authors that speculatively reconstructed the ‘long history’ of Architectural Biology to recover the cultural potential of biological metaphors in contemporary architecture. The extended historical timeline of the show spanned from the second half of the nineteenth century to the present. However, in contrast to previous shows that have isolated modern architects’ interests in the formalist principles of biology, this show examined the formal and cultural prerogatives of modern architects in tandem with one another. This historical framework encouraged the speculative analysis of the social and political relevance of contemporary claims, which inherently challenges the ahistorical bias of the postcritical debates that emerged in the new millennium. Widening our gaze to examine the ‘long history’ of biological metaphors in architecture enabled us to recuperate the cultural significance that biological references have accrued within the discipline of architecture. This disciplinary history promises to repair the historical amnesia that has beset contemporary architects who limit their analysis of biology to formalist principles of design. A key component of the exhibit was the conceptual pairing of the ‘primitive’ (cultural) concerns of nineteenth-century figures with the ‘parametric’ (formal) concerns of postwar and contemporary architects. Using Gottfried Semper as a representative figure for the former position, we reinterpreted the inherent cultural meaning of postwar and contemporary architectural works, including those completed by Frei Otto, Achim Menges, Lars Spuybroek, SHoP, and Evan Douglis. The material potential of this approach was expressed in the making of analytical maps, digital models, and conceptual drawings that explored the latent ‘primitive’ themes of contemporary ‘parametric’ designs.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id caadria2014_096
id caadria2014_096
authors Grobman, Yasha and Roy Kozlovsky
year 2014
title On the Shores of Architecture
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.853
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 853–862
summary This paper explores the implications of complex geometry enabled by computational technology to architectural theory and practice. It reviews the different design paradigms engaged breaking the horizontality of the floor and ceiling or fusing them together. It argues that current advances in fluid dynamics simulations open a new frontier in the conception of the usable architectural surface, in which the architectural product is no longer a fixed object, but the interaction between a fluid, changing environment and built form. The paper presents a case study in which computational fluid dynamics are utilized to reconvert a disused breakwater into a ‘blue garden’. The morphology of the breakwater and its texture are calculated to produce the conditions amiable for supporting a varied marine ecosystem, and to shape the waves to generate aesthetically meaningful sensations. The essay discusses the technical and conceptual challenges of controlling the nonlinear behaviour of fluids. It then speculates on the theoretical ramifications of having the surface interact with exterior forces and the subject's imagination to produce an event enfolding in time.
keywords Computational fluid dynamics; curvilinear surfaces; performance design theory; habitat engineering; coastal infrastructure
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id caadria2014_532
id caadria2014_532
authors Lee, Hyunsoo; Jisoo Kim, Minkyu Shin and Jin-Kook Lee
year 2014
title Comparison between Design Alternatives Using BIM-Enabled Circulation Analysis
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.975
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 975–976
series CAADRIA
type poster
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id caadria2014_056
id caadria2014_056
authors Abdelhameed, Wael A.
year 2014
title Creativity and VR Use
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.719
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 719–728
summary Creativity with its various processes is involved in all design actions. Creativity used in architectural design is different than creativity in other domains. However, creativity in general with its related cognition processes has no general theory. This research proposes certain activities of initial architectural design phases in which the role of activity is important. The research proceeds to present a case study of two architectural design studios in which a VR environment is employed in order to investigate the effect of VR use on the creativity in those initial design phases. The research applies a methodology of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Various architectural design factors are neutralized to overcome the influence generated from human factors variation and design thinking prejudice on architectural designing and the associated creativities.
keywords Virtual Reality; Creativity; Architectural Design; Design Studio
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id ascaad2014_026
id ascaad2014_026
authors Al-Barqawi, Wadia
year 2014
title Virtual Reality: an approach for building Makkah’s architectural identity
source Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 331-342
summary This paper explores a new approach in the architectural design process aiming to construct Makkah's architectural identity. Makkah, which is a city of unique sacred values, has been losing its battle to preserve it heritage buildings. Traditional districts with their heritage buildings have been cleared in order to construct skyscrapers to accommodate the increasing number of pilgrims. While some argue for preserving heritage buildings others insist in building more skyscrapers. Within these conflicting views, architects and urban designers use CAD software to document heritage buildings without informing the future architectural design process. This paper argues for adopting digital architecture as an approach for preserving the architectural heritage of Makkah by studying heritage buildings as systems that can be digitally represented in virtual world. This goes beyond the physical representation of heritage artefacts to investigate in depth the logic that guide the design process. The roushan, which is one of the unique heritage artefacts in Makkan's architecture can be an interface between reality and the virtual environment in the design process. This goes behind modeling the roushan, to employ the principle of virtual representation in the design process. The digital representation of heritage becomes the realm for research transforming the virtual into reality. The hope is to produce an architecture that is related to its local heritage, contemporary in design and responsive to its environment, as well as to advocate principles, references and techniques at the core of the design process, in an educational and professional context. In broader picture the goal is to achieve a city that is responsive to human activities adapted to changes, sustainable in physical forms and social relations and above all unique in design and identity.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2016/02/15 13:09

_id caadria2014_145
id caadria2014_145
authors Aydin, Serdar and Marc Aurel Schnabel
year 2014
title A Survey on the Visual Communication Skills of BIM Tools
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.337
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 337–346
summary Building Information Modelling (BIM) applications are supported by various modelling tools, being expansive to deliver visualised geometry and databases simultaneously. But there is still a gap in visual communication amongst its professionals. Articulating the advantages of fully Web-based collaboration, this paper looks into how BIM tools make contribution to visual communication between different parties working collaboratively. A hybrid model of low-level and high-level interactions is tentatively conceptualised. Based on the hybridised model, a survey is conducted to elucidate a few experiential matters such as visual aesthetics, cognition and motivational impacts of visualisation in BIM tools. Following the survey, a discussion is oriented towards a new storytelling methodology with a novel term, namely gamification. Seeking motivating and efficient means of visual communication between human-human, human-tool and human-model interactions, the present study focuses on an enhanced legibility and appreciation of tools by those who are involved in BIM projects.
keywords Narrative visualisation; infinite computing; information aesthetics; gamification; hybrid model of interaction
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id acadia14_409
id acadia14_409
authors Bard, Joshua; Gannon, Madeline; Jacobson-Weaver, Zachary; Jeffers, Michael; Smith, Brian; Contreras, Mauricio
year 2014
title Seeing is Doing: Synthetic Tools for Robotically Augmented Fabrication in High-Skill Domains
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.409
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 409-416
summary The historical split between visualization and actualization in architectural design has encouraged a disciplinary split between representation (the domain of the designer) and construction (a domain entirely removed from the Architect’s purview). This split between seeing and doing in architectural design can be questioned in the context of contemporary robotic technologies where physical and digital workflows comingle in high-skill, collaborative domains.
keywords Architectural Robotics, Human-Robot Collaboration, MOCAP, Adaptive Fabrication, High-Skill Domain, Robotics and Autonomous Design Systems
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id ascaad2014_008
id ascaad2014_008
authors Chokhachian, Ata and Abolfazl Dehghanmongabadi
year 2014
title Critical Attitude toward the Footstep of Googie Architecture on Parametric Architecture
source Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 109-118
summary Advent of machinery age, altering in human needs and lifestyle has changed the pattern of architecture. This pattern is in close relation with different environmental, contextual, behavioral and theoretical aspects of dwellers. With a glance to the history of design, in 1940s the new style of architecture came up which was called Googie architecture. It was a movement of modern architecture, a subdivision of futurist architecture influenced by car culture and the Space Age. This style was alive up to mid-1960s but in its short life, it put a big impact on the appearance of the cities and buildings. Furthermore, in recent years the new style of architecture named Parametricism has started to take shape and accordingly the formal appearance is very close to Googie architecture. Also parametric architecture is out birth of technology and the idea of communication and futurism. The research is questioning the characteristics of parametric and Googie architecture with scrutinizing the origins and main gestures of these styles in society and culture of the period that they exist in. the research tries to figure out failures of Googie style in its own period and parallel to this, it give suggestions to implement and transform qualitative parameters in the design process by means of adapting pattern language in design process, applying parametric design thinking and simplexity in design systems.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2016/02/15 13:09

_id acadia14_473
id acadia14_473
authors Cutellic, Pierre
year 2014
title Le Cube d'Après, Integrated Cognition for Iterative and generative Designs.
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.473
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 473-478
summary This paper describes the work in progress of a research on Neurodesign and a previously described process entitled Augmented Iterations [Cutellic and Lotte, 2013]. Within this broader field of research and design explorations, we will focus on describing and comment results obtained in the neuroselection of shapes among a continuously varying flow of visual stimuli. Eventually, these results will lead to the identification of a non-linear and non-convergent potential for the human-based computation of iterative and generative designs.
keywords Human Computer Interaction, Augmented Iteration, Neurodesign, Generative Design, Integrated Cognition, Evolutionary Computation, Design Computing and Cognition
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id caadria2014_206
id caadria2014_206
authors Dias, Miguel Sales; Sara Eloy, Miguel Carreiro, Pedro Proença, Ana Moural, Tiago Pedro, João Freitas, Elisângela Vilar, Jorge D'alpuim and António Sérgio Azevedo
year 2014
title Designing Better Spaces for People
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.739
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 739–748
summary We present a pilot study aiming to explore the use of biometrics sensing technology within a semi-immersive VR environment, where users face architectural spaces which induce them sensations close to fear of heights, claustrophobia, frustration and relief. Electrodermal activity was used to detect users’ emotional arousal, while navigating in VR. Navigation conditions and participants’ expertise with games were controlled. Main results show that physiological measurement of user’s perceptions can discriminate well "positive" from "negative" spaces, providing designers with basic information on people’s emotional state when using the buildings they design.
keywords Virtual reality; computational design; human-computer interaction; space perception; biometrics sensing, electrodermal activity
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id acadia14projects_251
id acadia14projects_251
authors Farahi, Behnaz
year 2014
title Breathing Wall
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.251
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 251-262
summary This installation is aiming to imagine a space that can develop an understanding of its users through their hand/bodily movements and respond accordingly?
keywords Interactive architecture, Kinetic Installation, Human- Building Interaction, Projection mapping, Leap Motion, User participation in design.
series ACADIA
type Student's Research Projects
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id acadia14_357
id acadia14_357
authors Gannon, Madeline
year 2014
title Reverberating Across the Divide: Bridging virtual and physical contexts in digital design and fabrication
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.357
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 357-364
summary This paper presents Reverb, a prototypical CAD/CAM interface for oscillating between digital bytes and physical atoms. The interface uses an integrated workflow (3D scanning, 3D modeling, and 3D printing) to enable a designer to craft intricate digital geometries around pre-existing physical contexts.
keywords Human-Computer Interaction; agent-based modeling; CAD/CAM; generative design; gestural user interface; digital fabrication; 3D printing
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id caadria2014_000
id caadria2014_000
authors Gu, Ning; Shun Watanabe, Halil Erhan, Matthias Hank Haeusler, Weixin Huang and Ricardo Sosa (eds.)
year 2014
title Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014
source Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, 994 p.
summary Rethinking Comprehensive Design—the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014)—emphasises a cross-disciplinary context to challenge the mainstream culture of computational design in architecture. It aims to (re)explore the potential of computational design methods and technologies in architecture from a holistic perspective. The conference provides an international forum where academics and practitioners share their novel research development and reflection for defining the future of computation in architectural design. Hosted by the Department of Design, Engineering and Management at the Kyoto Institute of Technology, CAADRIA 2014 presents 88 peer-reviewed full papers from all over the world. These high-quality research papers are complimented by 34 short work-in-progress papers submitted for the poster session of the conference. The conference proceedings were produced by a motivated team of volunteers from the CAADRIA community through an extensive collaboration. The 88 full papers rigorously double-blind reviewed by the dedicated International Review Committee (consisting of 74 experts), testify to CAADRIA’s highly respectable international standing. Call for abstracts sent out in July 2013 attracted 298 submissions. They were initially reviewed by the Paper Selection Committee who accepted 198 abstracts for further development. Of these, 118 full papers were eventually submitted in the final stage. Each submitted paper was then assessed by at least two members of the International Review Committee. Following the reviewers’ recommendations, 91 papers were accepted by the conference, of which 88 are included in this volume and for presentation in CAADRIA 2014. Collectively, these 88 papers define Rethinking Comprehensive Design in terms of the following research streams: Shape Studies; User Participation in Design; Human-Computer Interaction; Digital Fabrication and Construction; Computational Design Analysis; New Digital Design Concepts and Strategies; Practice-Based and Interdisciplinary Computational Design Research; Collaborative and Collective Design; Generative, Parametric and Evolutionary Design; Design Cognition and Creativity; Virtual / Augmented Reality and Interactive Environments; Computational Design Research and Education; and Theory, Philosophy and Methodology of Computational Design Research. In the following pages, you will find a wide range of scholarly papers organised under these streams that truly capture the quintessence of the research concepts. This volume will certainly inspire you and facilitate your journey in Rethinking Comprehensive Design.
series CAADRIA
last changed 2022/06/07 07:49

_id caadria2014_118
id caadria2014_118
authors Herr, Christiane M. and Thomas Fischer
year 2014
title A Notation to Aid Column and Beam Layout Design for Reinforced Concrete Construction in China
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.399
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 399–408
summary In this paper we report on the ongoing development of a toolkit to support the design of column and beam layouts for reinforced concrete structures in China. We present a visual, human- and machine-readable notation for architects and structural engineers to rapidly model column and beam layouts, as well as our underlying considerations. In conjunction with the toolkit, which consists of a CAD package, an editor, a parser, and an interpreter, the notation addresses aspects of local construction practice and supports design considerations including appearance, structural viability, constructability, and cost.
keywords Generative design; structural design; local materialisation; concrete; China; cost evaluation
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id caadria2014_161
id caadria2014_161
authors Heydarian, Arsalan; Joao P. Carneiro,David Gerber, Burcin Becerik-Gerber, Timothy Hayes and Wendy Wood
year 2014
title Immersive Virtual Environments: Experiments on Impacting Design and Human Building Interaction
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.729
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 729–738
summary This research prefaces the need for engaging with endusers in early stages of design as means to achieve higher performing designs with an increased certainty for enduser satisfaction. While the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) community has previously used virtual reality, the primary use has been for coordination and visualization of Building Information Models (BIM). This work builds upon the value of use of virtual environments in AEC processes but asks the research question "how can we better test and measure design alternatives through the integration of immersive virtual reality into our digital and physical mock up workflows? " The work is predicated on the need for design exploration through associative parametric design models, as well as, testing and measuring design alternatives with human subjects. The paper focuses on immersive virtual environments (IVEs) and presents a literature review of the use of virtual environments for integrating enduser feedback during the design stage. In a controlled pilot experiment, the authors find that human participants perform similarly in IVE and the physical environment in everyday tasks. The participants indicated they felt a strong sense of "presence" in IVE. In the future, the authors plan on using IVE to explore the integration of multi agent systems to impact building design performance and occupant satisfaction.
keywords Virtual Reality; Prototyping; Design Technology; Immersive Virtual Environments; Feedback
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id acadia14projects_131
id acadia14projects_131
authors Ibañez, Mariana; Kim, Simon
year 2014
title CentriPETAL
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.131
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 131-134
summary This is a prototype for an architectural device with two performative behaviors. The first is to rotate open and close for apertures, and to spin so that sound and air movement is produced.
keywords Robotics and Autonomous Design Systems, Human-Machine Interaction
series ACADIA
type Research Projects
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id acadia14projects_115
id acadia14projects_115
authors Iitsuka, Mayum
year 2014
title Biological Data-Mining and Optimization ; In the case of Immunorium project
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.115
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 115-118
summary Two challenges will be focused on in this project: 1) the visualization of human disease collaborative research, and 2) immunological bio-inspired heuristic used to produce an automated optimization
keywords Biomimicry and Biological Models in Design
series ACADIA
type Research Projects
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

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