CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id acadia14_311
id acadia14_311
authors Crolla, Kristof; Williams, Nicholas
year 2014
title Smart Nodes: A System for Variable Structural Frames with 3D Metal-Printed Nodes
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 311-316
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.311
summary The SmartNodes research explores the potentials for highly-designed, customized connection nodes to be used in combination with standardized components in enabling a system of highly differentiated structures. This paper reports on the design workflow and research in progress towards the development of a prototype structure.
keywords 3D Metal Printing, Frame Structures, Embedded Intelligence, Digital Manufacturing, Mass-Customization, Digital Design Workflow, Works in Progress.
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id cdrf2023_526
id cdrf2023_526
authors Eric Peterson, Bhavleen Kaur
year 2023
title Printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic Multi-Bias Additive Manufacturing
source Proceedings of the 2023 DigitalFUTURES The 5st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2023)
doi https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_44
summary A research team at Florida International University Robotics and Digital Fabrication Lab has developed a novel method for 3d-printing curved open grid core sandwich structures using a thermoplastic extruder mounted on a robotic arm. This print-on-print additive manufacturing (AM) method relies on the 3d modeling software Rhinoceros and its parametric software plugin Grasshopper with Kuka-Parametric Robotic Control (Kuka-PRC) to convert NURBS surfaces into multi-bias additive manufacturing (MBAM) toolpaths. While several high-profile projects including the University of Stuttgart ICD/ITKE Research Pavilions 2014–15 and 2016–17, ETH-Digital Building Technologies project Levis Ergon Chair 2018, and 3D printed chair using Robotic Hybrid Manufacturing at Institute of Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) 2019, have previously demonstrated the feasibility of 3d printing with either MBAM or sandwich structures, this method for printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic MBAM combines these methods offering the possibility to significantly reduce the weight of spanning or cantilevered surfaces by incorporating the structural logic of open grid-core sandwiches with MBAM toolpath printing. Often built with fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), sandwich structures are a common solution for thin wall construction of compound curved surfaces that require a high strength-to-weight ratio with applications including aerospace, wind energy, marine, automotive, transportation infrastructure, architecture, furniture, and sports equipment manufacturing. Typical practices for producing sandwich structures are labor intensive, involving a multi-stage process including (1) the design and fabrication of a mould, (2) the application of a surface substrate such as FRP, (3) the manual application of a light-weight grid-core material, and (4) application of a second surface substrate to complete the sandwich. There are several shortcomings to this moulded manufacturing method that affect both the formal outcome and the manufacturing process: moulds are often costly and labor intensive to build, formal geometric freedom is limited by the minimum draft angles required for successful removal from the mould, and customization and refinement of product lines can be limited by the need for moulds. While the most common material for this construction method is FRP, our proof-of-concept experiments relied on low-cost thermoplastic using a specially configured pellet extruder. While the method proved feasible for small representative examples there remain significant challenges to the successful deployment of this manufacturing method at larger scales that can only be addressed with additional research. The digital workflow includes the following steps: (1) Create a 3D digital model of the base surface in Rhino, (2) Generate toolpaths for laminar printing in Grasshopper by converting surfaces into lists of oriented points, (3) Generate the structural grid-core using the same process, (4) Orient the robot to align in the direction of the substructure geometric planes, (5) Print the grid core using MBAM toolpaths, (6) Repeat step 1 and 2 for printing the outer surface with appropriate adjustments to the extruder orientation. During the design and printing process, we encountered several challenges including selecting geometry suitable for testing, extruder orientation, calibration of the hot end and extrusion/movement speeds, and deviation between the computer model and the physical object on the build platen. Physical models varied from their digital counterparts by several millimeters due to material deformation in the extrusion and cooling process. Real-time deviation verification studies will likely improve the workflow in future studies.
series cdrf
email
last changed 2024/05/29 14:04

_id ecaade2014_225
id ecaade2014_225
authors Kostas Grigoriadis
year 2014
title Material Fusion - A research into the simulated blending of materials using particle systems
source Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 123-130
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.2.123
wos WOS:000361385100012
summary Parallel to the early development and recent widespread usage of composite materials in building and manufacturing, the concept of functionally graded materials (FGM) was initiated and developed as far back as the 1980s. In contrast to the composite paradigm, where layers of materials are glued and 'cooked' together under high pressure and temperature to form laminated parts, FGM are singular materials that vary their consistency gradually over their volume. In direct link to their increasing use in fields adjacent to architecture, the scope of the paper is to explore a possible design route for designing with FGM. Of a limited number of available CAD software where material properties can be graded, the intent of the design for a materially graded windbreak module is to utilize particle systems as a technique for simulating fields of interacting, information-loaded material point sets that can be fused together in a gradient manner.
keywords Functionally graded materials; particle system elements
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id acadia14projects_83
id acadia14projects_83
authors Peters, Brian
year 2014
title Vertex.3D
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 83-86
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.083
summary Inspired by geodesic domes, Vertex.3D juxtaposes historic mass production manufacturing techniques and the mass customization possible with 3D printing. This project is an exploration of the feasibility of using standard desktop 3D printing machines and plastic filament to fabricate full scale structures.
keywords Digital fabrication and construction 3D Printing, Parametric Design, Temporary Structure, Geodesic, Tectonics, Materials Logic
series ACADIA
type Research Projects
email
last changed 2022/06/07 08:00

_id acadia17_512
id acadia17_512
authors Rossi, Andrea; Tessmann, Oliver
year 2017
title Collaborative Assembly of Digital Materials
source ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 512- 521
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.512
summary Current developments in design-to-production workflows aim to allow architects to quickly prototype designs that result from advanced design processes while also embedding the constraints imposed by selected fabrication equipment. However, the enduring physical separation between design space and fabrication space, together with a continuous approach to both design, via NURBs modeling software, and fabrication, through irreversible material processing methods, limit the possibilities to extend the advantages of a “digital” approach (Ward 2010), such as full editability and reversibility, to physical realizations. In response to such issues, this paper proposes a processto allow the concurrent design and fabrication of discrete structures in a collaborative process between human designer and a 6-axis robotic arm. This requires the development of design and materialization procedures for discrete aggregations, including the modeling of assembly constraints, as well as the establishment of a communication platform between human and machine actors. This intends to offer methods to increase the accessibility of discrete design methodologies, as well as to hint at possibilities for overcoming the division between design and manufacturing (Carpo 2011; Bard et al. 2014), thus allowing intuitive design decisions to be integrated directly within assembly processes (Johns 2014).
keywords material and construction; construction/robotics; smart assembly/construction; generative system
series ACADIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id acadia14projects_263
id acadia14projects_263
authors Sitnikov, Vasily
year 2014
title Monolith Translucent Lattice
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 263-264
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.263
summary This proposal is based on architectural research in the field of performative design. The research aspires to unite computational design and its manufacturing technique into a continuous process of natural morphgenesis. The following program offers a lattice-type wall, a parametric irregular solid network, which can be reified with the attached technology of closed gelatin casting.
keywords thermodynamic interaction, meltable materials, space fram structures, irregular networks
series ACADIA
type Tex-Fab
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id caadria2021_291
id caadria2021_291
authors Bansal, Medha and Erdine, Elif
year 2021
title Bio-Mineralisation And In-Situ Fabrication Of In-Dune Spaces: Case Study Of Thar Desert
source A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 493-502
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.1.493
summary Desertification has made large productive landscapes in the South-west Thar desert redundant, subjected people to migration and induced a constant influx of sand into the region (Singhvi and Amal, 2014). The abundance of sand creates an opportunity to adopt an existing technique, Bio-mineralisation, to develop a sand based composite material which, when treated with a construction binder like sodium alginate, can be used for engineering purposes. The paper sets a theoretical framework to develop a fabrication mechanism with microbial-grout injections and propose the development of in-dune/underground assembly of habitable spaces. Each of the sub-components of material system, fabrication mechanism and In-dune structures are detailed, and evaluated to devise a hierarchy between them. Their interdependencies together inform design strategies, a phasing plan and global time scale for overall terrain transformation.
keywords Bio-mineralisation; Bio-grouting; In-dune fabrication; Tool path algorithms; Micro-climate analysis
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id acadia14_661
id acadia14_661
authors Corazza, Marco; Doshi, Viral; Korner, Axel; Tabassun, Mehnaj
year 2014
title Fiber Composite Fabrication: Experimental Methods of Architectural Applications
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 661-670
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.661
summary Due to availability and the production costs of current fabrication methods, fiber reinforced composites are used primarily in specialized fields with limited applications in architecture. The aim of the research is to present an exploration in low-tech fabrication techniques in conjunction with geometrical optimization of a large-scale typology within extreme environmental conditions.
keywords fiber composites, digital fabrication, material computation, computational fluid dynamics, shell structures, structural optimization
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id caadria2014_150
id caadria2014_150
authors Knapp, Chris; Jonathan Neslon and Michael Parsons
year 2014
title Constructing Atmospheres
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 149–158
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.149
summary This paper documents and critically reflects upon the design, development, fabrication, and implementation of three pavilion projects developed during 2013-14. The core investigation of this work is the production of architectural spaces characterized by a quality of enveloping, diffuse, visual and spatial atmospheres. The principal activity of the research is aimed at refining methods for software-based exploration of formal complexities and the subsequent need to control variability and efficiency in fabrication output, using Grasshopper for Rhino to develop customized definitions particular to each specific project scenario. Linking the projects together are issues of scale, resolution of effect, and intent to move from disparate assemblies of structure and skin toward composite, manifold construction techniques that address multiple concerns (gravity, bracing, affect, etc) with a minimum of assembly. A material palette common to the current vernacular of CNC-based projects such as plywood, plastics, and other sheet materials is utilised. This work is invested in extending the possibilities of the architect and architecture as a discipline, extrapolating the workflow from these successive projects to the speculative impact of the work upon emerging possibilities of architectural construction and craft.
keywords 3d modelling; Digital fabrication; Rhinoceros; Grasshopper; Tessellation
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id ecaade2014_060
id ecaade2014_060
authors Koki Akiyoshi and Hiroya Tanaka
year 2014
title Local-reconfigurable Freeform surface with plywood - From the perspective of Japanese Tsugite-Shiguchi
source Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 527-535
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.1.527
wos WOS:000361384700052
summary This research exhibits a novel construction method for Freeform surfaces with plywood, without using metal joints and bending. By introducing the perspective of Japanese Tsugite-Shiguchi, the research aims for a drastic change from node-oriented thinking to module-oriented thinking. This paper focuses on the investigation of how to simplify fabrication processes, how to realize the environmental capabilities of Freeform wood structures, and how to provide redundancy and stability to the whole architectural system. In order to challenge these problems, we examined three discretion methods. As a result, we have been successful to produce a double-layered surface, filled with triangular mesh, implemented only by cutting one sheet of plywood. Moreover, the system has also acquired a new nature: local-reconfigurability, wherein it can react and adapt to fit local parameters and requirements.
keywords Digital fabrication; freeform timber; without metal and bending; discrete surface; minimal components for mega-assembly
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id acadia14_219
id acadia14_219
authors Moritz Dörstelmann, Moritz; Prado, Marshall; Parascho, Stefana; Knippers, Jan; Menges, Achim
year 2014
title Integrative computational design methodologies for modular architectural fiber composite morphologies
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 219-228
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.219
summary This paper describes how computational design methodologies can serve as an integrative tool within a multidisciplinary design project. The topic is discussed based on the design and fabrication process for modular architectural fiber composite morphologies applied and developed in the ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2013-14.
keywords integrative computational design, digital fabrication and construction, robotic fabrication reinforced fiber composite structures, biomimicry and biological models in design, light-weight construction, multidisciplinary design
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id acadia14_177
id acadia14_177
authors Schwinn, Tobias; Krieg, Oliver David; Menges, Achim
year 2014
title Behavioral Strategies: Synthesizing design computation and robotic fabrication of lightweight timber plate structures
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 177-188
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.177
summary The paper presents the research and development related to the “Landesgartenschau Exhibition Hall”, a built case study for a light-weight timber plate structure consisting of beech plywood plates. The paper describes the integrative design and robotic fabrication methods with a particular focus on the behavioral design approach.
keywords agent-based modeling, light-weight construction, optimization, robotic fabrication, tangent plane intersection, timber plate structure
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id acadia14_33
id acadia14_33
authors Taron, Joshua; Parker, Matthew
year 2014
title Bounded Agency: Integrating informed multi-agent systems within architectural subtractions
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 33-42
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.033
summary This paper explores the development and application of informed multi-agent systems (IMAS) as a means of programming spaces generated through the subtraction of built form at both urban and architectural scales. We argue that IMAS are distinct from multi-agent systems (MAS) due to their adeptness at responding to and conditioning complex, data-rich territories that require an open program while also benefiting from top-down constraints that delimit the system’s edges.
keywords Multi Agent Systems in Design, Subtractive Design Methodologies. Performance Analysis, User-friendly Design
series ACADIA
type Normal Paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id ascaad2014_002
id ascaad2014_002
authors Burry, Mark
year 2014
title BIM and the Building Site: Assimilating digital fabrication within craft traditions
source Digital Crafting [7th International Conference Proceedings of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD 2014 / ISBN 978-603-90142-5-6], Jeddah (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia), 31 March - 3 April 2014, pp. 27-36
summary This paper outlines a particular component of very well known project: Antoni Gaudí’s Sagrada Família Basilica in Barcelona (1882– on-going but scheduled for completion in 2026). At the time of writing the realisation of the project has proceeded for 87 years since Gaudí's death (1852-1926). As a building site it has been a living laboratory for the nexus between traditional construction offsite manufacturing and digital fabrication since the computers were first introduced to the project:CAD in 1989 closely followed by CAAD two years later. More remarkably CAD/CAM commenced its significant influence in 1991 with the take-up of sem robotised stone cutting and carving. The subject of this paper is an elevated auditorium space that is one of the relatively few ‘sketchy’ areas that Gaudí bequeathed the successors for the design of his magnum opus.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2016/02/15 13:09

_id acadia14projects_153
id acadia14projects_153
authors Fornes, Marc; Kusama, Yayoi
year 2014
title Selfridges
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 153-156
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.153.2
summary The project follows an ongoing research method investigating the control and definition of compound curvature to generate structural forms. Furthermore, the forms are generated through conventional manufacturing processes, and thus, must be defined in the logic of industrial production. The form strives to simultaneously resolve issues of rigidity and performance within the limitations of industry.
keywords Generative Design, Digital fabrication and construction, Practice-based and interdisciplinary computational Design research, Material Logics and Tectonics, Material Agency, parametric and evolutionary Design
series ACADIA
type Practice Projects
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id acadia14projects_223
id acadia14projects_223
authors Friedman, Jared; Kim, Heamin; Mesa, Olga
year 2014
title Woven Clay
source ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 223-226
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.223
summary The accompanying poster outlines the research behind a robotic clay deposition technique that weaves clay coils in order to build up a surface. The façade panels produced by the research team act as a proxy for potential applications of the fabrication technique.
keywords Robotics, Ceramics, Additive Manufacturing, 3D Printing, Weaving, Craft in a Digital Age
series ACADIA
type Student's Research Projects
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id sigradi2014_157
id sigradi2014_157
authors Hemmerling, Marco; Ulrich Nether
year 2014
title Generico - A case study on performance-based design
source SIGraDi 2014 [Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-9974-99-655-7] Uruguay- Montevideo 12,13,14 November 2014, pp. 126-129
summary The paper discusses a case study for a seating element that takes into account human factors as well as aspects of structural performance, material properties and production parameters within an integrative design approach. Generico is a prototype for a new way of design thinking, developed with a holistic approach. The design is based on the requirements of comfortable sitting and responds to load forces and ergonomic conditions. The Generico chair – resulting from an all-embracing line of thought, from design to production, is an ideal field of application for 3D-printing-technology as it allows for an optimal material distribution.
keywords Human-centered design; Performance-based design; Generative design; Structural analysis; Additive manufacturing
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:53

_id caadria2014_237
id caadria2014_237
authors Imbern, Matias
year 2014
title (Re)Thinking the Brick: Digital Tectonic Masonry Systems
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 211–220
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.211
summary "The introduction of digital tools in the production of architecture undoubtedly constitutes the main force behind contemporary architectural innovation. In addition, the interaction of digital technologies with analog craft manufacturing -a rather unexplored field of study- suggests a wide range of novel opportunities. This research focuses on developing a framework for deploying digital design techniques to the production of bricks under vernacular technology as a medium of achieving geometrical variations and functional complexity in domestic-scale projects. Solid clay bricks are embedded in traditional ceramic-construction culture. Thus, this investigation faces the challenges of making a feasible innovative system in a country where digital fabrication is not an economically viable option, and engaging a design that can be easily implemented with current hand-labour. Consequently, the new bricks would be massively introduced in the construction market, allowing novel formal and functional possibilities for designers.
keywords Ceramics; brick; tectonic; digital tools; fabrication; vernacular technology
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id caadria2014_244
id caadria2014_244
authors Leblanc, François
year 2014
title Anything, Anyone, Anywhere
source Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 461–470
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.461
summary According to Hod Lipson at Cornell University’s Creative Machines Lab, cloud manufacturing ‘consists of a network of smallscale, decentralized nodes of production.’ It is a novel production approach relative to centralized mass production and standardisation methods common to today’s industrial processes. To date, cloud manufacturing techniques have focused largely on the production of smallscale consumer goods that integrate digital fabrication techniques, the most popular being 3D-printing technology. With advances in network-based design platforms for 3D-printing services in combination with the global installation of fabrication laboratories (fab lab), the production of architectural building components using cloud manufacturing techniques is now possible. This paper will define how cloud manufacturing techniques can be expanded into the realm of architectural practice and, in particular, how such techniques can be applied to larger-scale building and construction components. The paper will further discuss how such novel additive manufacturing (AM) processes applied to construction can potentially revolutionize architectural design by generating a new collaborative design model that facilitates local production of customized and readily assembled building components on demand.
keywords additive manufacturing; cloud manufacturing; peer-to-peer production; collaborative design; open-source design
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id sigradi2014_244
id sigradi2014_244
authors Manica, Carlo Rossano; Fábio Gonçalves Teixeira, Underléa Miotto Bruscato, Leonardo Barili Brandi, Osorio Schaeffer, Renan Willian Leite Pereira
year 2014
title Processo de Fabricação Digital de Artefato para Transporte de Maças [Digital Process for Manufacturing Artifact for Apples Transport]
source SiGraDi 2014 [Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-9974-99-655-7] Uruguay - Montevideo 12 - 14 November 2014, pp. 324-327
summary This article presents the result of the activities carried out for the discipline of the program Master in Design and Technology (UFRGS), Digital Manufacturing Process as a Tool for Project. It aimed to develop a product based on digital manufacturing process. With this purpose, was designed a package for the transport of apples. In order to achieve the goal the generation of alternatives was conducted through a game and Sketch Creative Brainstorming, followed by research on the product life cycle. Subsequently, was used parametric modeling software for the package design. The use of three-dimensional modeling software Rhinoceros together with the plug-in Grasshopper allowed the construction of three-dimensional parametric models. As a result, we obtained the creation of a product that can be adapted to other fruits, avoiding rework, and run through rapid prototyping, this being a consequence of the facilities of adoption of digital fabrication.
keywords Digital fabrication; Parametric modeling; grasshoper; Packaging; Apple
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:55

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