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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaade2014_015
id	ecaade2014_015
authors	Odysseas Kontovourkis and George Tryfonos
year	2014
title	Physical input-driven offline robotic simulation through a feedback loop process
source	Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 411-421
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.1.411
wos	WOS:000361384700041
summary	This ongoing research describes a feedback loop procedure where physical inputs are used as the medium for offline robotic simulation. The purpose is to investigate the ability of industrial robots that are currently used in manufacturing processes to work in a flexible and productive manner whilst providing a continuous feedback loop between physical inputs and fabrication artifacts. In order to achieve this, a methodology is developed that involves the use of data acquisition devices to enable the transference of information from the physical to the digital environment and then to use this data as real-time parameters to control the robot's behaviour during fabrication. The aim is to achieve active involvement of robots in the manufacturing process to address complex construction issues and to ensure accuracy, a reduction in manufacturing defects and flexibility in the materials used. This investigation is accompanied by relevant experiments to exemplify the potential of control mechanisms to be used in prototyping case studies.
keywords	Physical input; robotic simulation; feedback loop; manufacturing process; material control
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	ecaade2014_167
id	ecaade2014_167
authors	Pavlos Fereos and Marios Tsiliakos
year	2014
title	Isoprototyping - Rapid Robotic Aided Fabrication for Double Curvature Surfaces
source	Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 433-443
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.1.433
wos	WOS:000361384700043
summary	IsoPrototyping is a research initiative, undertaken at the Institute fur experimentelle architektur.hochbau, within the context of the Vertiefung Hochbau and Sonderkapitel des hochbaus courses, which specialize on building construction. Through the case study of an iso-surface spatial configuration, this research targets the exploration of innovative digital prototyping methodologies, that would allow rapid and cost-efficient fabrication, capable of manufacturing any given double curved surface. The ABB industrial robots of REX-Lab programmed in combination with custom designed, recalibrated dry-mold, surface-producing apparatus, formed the framework for a proficient, yet flexible, process describing and fabricating implicit non-linear systems.
keywords	Industrial robots; pin-board; rapid-prototyping; dry-recalibrated mould; digital-fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	cdrf2023_526
id	cdrf2023_526
authors	Eric Peterson, Bhavleen Kaur
year	2023
title	Printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic Multi-Bias Additive Manufacturing
source	Proceedings of the 2023 DigitalFUTURES The 5st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2023)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_44
summary	A research team at Florida International University Robotics and Digital Fabrication Lab has developed a novel method for 3d-printing curved open grid core sandwich structures using a thermoplastic extruder mounted on a robotic arm. This print-on-print additive manufacturing (AM) method relies on the 3d modeling software Rhinoceros and its parametric software plugin Grasshopper with Kuka-Parametric Robotic Control (Kuka-PRC) to convert NURBS surfaces into multi-bias additive manufacturing (MBAM) toolpaths. While several high-profile projects including the University of Stuttgart ICD/ITKE Research Pavilions 2014–15 and 2016–17, ETH-Digital Building Technologies project Levis Ergon Chair 2018, and 3D printed chair using Robotic Hybrid Manufacturing at Institute of Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) 2019, have previously demonstrated the feasibility of 3d printing with either MBAM or sandwich structures, this method for printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic MBAM combines these methods offering the possibility to significantly reduce the weight of spanning or cantilevered surfaces by incorporating the structural logic of open grid-core sandwiches with MBAM toolpath printing. Often built with fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), sandwich structures are a common solution for thin wall construction of compound curved surfaces that require a high strength-to-weight ratio with applications including aerospace, wind energy, marine, automotive, transportation infrastructure, architecture, furniture, and sports equipment manufacturing. Typical practices for producing sandwich structures are labor intensive, involving a multi-stage process including (1) the design and fabrication of a mould, (2) the application of a surface substrate such as FRP, (3) the manual application of a light-weight grid-core material, and (4) application of a second surface substrate to complete the sandwich. There are several shortcomings to this moulded manufacturing method that affect both the formal outcome and the manufacturing process: moulds are often costly and labor intensive to build, formal geometric freedom is limited by the minimum draft angles required for successful removal from the mould, and customization and refinement of product lines can be limited by the need for moulds. While the most common material for this construction method is FRP, our proof-of-concept experiments relied on low-cost thermoplastic using a specially configured pellet extruder. While the method proved feasible for small representative examples there remain significant challenges to the successful deployment of this manufacturing method at larger scales that can only be addressed with additional research. The digital workflow includes the following steps: (1) Create a 3D digital model of the base surface in Rhino, (2) Generate toolpaths for laminar printing in Grasshopper by converting surfaces into lists of oriented points, (3) Generate the structural grid-core using the same process, (4) Orient the robot to align in the direction of the substructure geometric planes, (5) Print the grid core using MBAM toolpaths, (6) Repeat step 1 and 2 for printing the outer surface with appropriate adjustments to the extruder orientation. During the design and printing process, we encountered several challenges including selecting geometry suitable for testing, extruder orientation, calibration of the hot end and extrusion/movement speeds, and deviation between the computer model and the physical object on the build platen. Physical models varied from their digital counterparts by several millimeters due to material deformation in the extrusion and cooling process. Real-time deviation verification studies will likely improve the workflow in future studies.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:04

_id	caadria2014_120
id	caadria2014_120
authors	Hack, Norman; Willi Viktor Lauer, Fabio Gramazio and Matthias Kohler
year	2014
title	Mesh Mould: Differentiation for Enhanced Performance
source	Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 139–148
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.139
summary	Mesh-Mould is a novel robotic fabrication system for complex, non-standard concrete structures. The system folds together formwork and reinforcement, the two most labour intensive aspects of concrete constructions and offers an alternative approach to the current modes of prefabrication by suggesting an in-situ fabrication process (Figure 1). The paper outlines the development of the Form-work/Reinforcing Meshes through several iterations of physical and digital tests. Initially starting from simple triangulated 3D lattices, the structures evolved to become more complex and differentiated. The incorporating of flow enhancing ducts and surface perimeters with diverse surface aperture densities facilitates an optimal concrete flow and material distribution within the mesh.
keywords	Robotic fabrication; concrete formwork; differentiation; spatial extrusion
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2014_177
id	caadria2014_177
authors	Jonas, Katrin; Alan Penn and Paul Shepherd
year	2014
title	Designing with Discrete Geometry
source	Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 513–522
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.513
summary	There has been a shift in aesthetics from the modern orthogonal building envelope to more elaborate curved and folded forms. Non_orthogonal forms are often associated with complete freedom of geometry, entrusting the advancement in custom manufacturing and robotic fabrication of one-off building parts to realise the design. This paper presents a methodology that allows non_orthogonal surfaces to be designed using a constrained library of discrete, tessellating parts. The method enables the designer both to produce ‘approximations’ of freeform designs in a top_down manner or to generate ‘candidate’ designs in a bottom_up process. It addresses the challenge in the field of design engineering to generate architectural surfaces which are complex, yet simple and economical to construct. The system relates to the notion that complexity derives from simple parts and simple rules of interaction. Here complexity relates to the holistic understanding of a structure as an interaction between its local parts, global form and visual, as well as functional performance.
keywords	Geometry system; form generation; form growth; discrete growth model; design tool; complex geometry
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia17_512
id	acadia17_512
authors	Rossi, Andrea; Tessmann, Oliver
year	2017
title	Collaborative Assembly of Digital Materials
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 512- 521
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.512
summary	Current developments in design-to-production workflows aim to allow architects to quickly prototype designs that result from advanced design processes while also embedding the constraints imposed by selected fabrication equipment. However, the enduring physical separation between design space and fabrication space, together with a continuous approach to both design, via NURBs modeling software, and fabrication, through irreversible material processing methods, limit the possibilities to extend the advantages of a “digital” approach (Ward 2010), such as full editability and reversibility, to physical realizations. In response to such issues, this paper proposes a processto allow the concurrent design and fabrication of discrete structures in a collaborative process between human designer and a 6-axis robotic arm. This requires the development of design and materialization procedures for discrete aggregations, including the modeling of assembly constraints, as well as the establishment of a communication platform between human and machine actors. This intends to offer methods to increase the accessibility of discrete design methodologies, as well as to hint at possibilities for overcoming the division between design and manufacturing (Carpo 2011; Bard et al. 2014), thus allowing intuitive design decisions to be integrated directly within assembly processes (Johns 2014).
keywords	material and construction; construction/robotics; smart assembly/construction; generative system
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia14projects_79
id	acadia14projects_79
authors	Sciotto, F. Myles; Crettaz, Jean-Michel
year	2014
title	Stoicheia: Tesla’s Apotheosis, Architecture and Sound
source	ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp.79-82
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.079
summary	Stoicheia is an immersive architectural sound ecology that draws an experience of immediacy, and ephemeral interplay between the agencies that maintain a continuously self-adaptive sonic and physical environment. Stoicheia absorbs sonic energy from the environment and projects it through robotic 3d scanning and generates an evolving spatial sound architecture.
keywords	Spatial Sound, 3d Scanning, Robotic Control, New Agencies, Tesla, Matter, Energy, New digital design concepts and strategies
series	ACADIA
type	Research Projects
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2014_176
id	ecaade2014_176
authors	Sina Mostafavi and Matthew Tanti
year	2014
title	Design to fabrication integration and material craftsmanship - A performance driven stone architecture design system based on material, structural and fabrication constraints and criteria
source	Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 445-454
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.1.445
wos	WOS:000361384700044
summary	This paper presents a computational design methodology through describing of a case study on stone building system. In addition to establishing a performance driven form-finding methodology, the objective is to redefine local craftsmanship methods as industrial fabrication techniques in order to introduce the constructability of the design solutions as one of the main performance criteria. Therefore, the focus of the methodology is to facilitate architectural design processes through developing of customized computational design tools and workflows for data integration and concurrent performance evaluation. The research starts with the hypothesis that the technological advancements in digital design and fabrication can lead to re-exploration and improvement of traditional building techniques with local materials. The paper explains different stages of the methodology and the way the chained design to fabrication processes would lead to constructible, structurally possible and optimal design solutions of small scale and simple symmetric design solutions to complex topologies at the scale of larger complex buildings.
keywords	Digital materiality ; design information exchange; compression-only stone structure; computer aided craftsmanship ; robotic fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia14_435
id	acadia14_435
authors	Velikov, Kathy; Thun, Geoffrey; O'Malley, Mary
year	2014
title	PneuSystems: cellular pneumatic envelope assemblies
source	ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 435-444
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.435
summary	This paper describes the authors’ research into multi-cellular pneu assemblies for lightweight, adaptive architectural skins. The work focuses on pneu topologies, kinetic pneu geometries, manufacturing logics and adaptive control, developed through feedbacks between computational models and physical prototyping.
keywords	Intelligent Environments, Material Agency, Biomimicry and Biological Models in Design, Material Logics and Tectonics, Performance in Design, Computational design analysis
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2014_124
id	caadria2014_124
authors	Williams, Nicholas; Sascha Bohnenberger and John Cherrey
year	2014
title	A System for Collaborative Design on Timber Gridshells
source	Rethinking Comprehensive Design: Speculative Counterculture, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2014) / Kyoto 14-16 May 2014, pp. 441–450
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2014.441
summary	The bent timber laths of the Sound Bites gridshell create two types of performance space over an area of almost 100 m2. Such postformed gridshells are a wellestablished design solution for creating curved forms from linear elements. Extending principles developed since the 1970s, contemporary digital tools have been utilised to drive a renewed interest in them, primarily through so-called form-finding techniques which connect digital and material models through a simulation of shape under bending loads (Nettlebladt, 2013) and the definition of efficient structural geometry acting under compression loads only (Hernandez et. al., 2012). This paper describes the workflow conceived and implemented for the Sound Bites structure. A central challenge of the research was for such a workflow to allow for the principles of gridshell design to be engaged in parallel to other tight constraints and design drivers. As such it needed to facilitate close collaboration between architectural, engineering and fabrication experts. This workflow was tested in the design and realisation of the full-scale structure within a six-week period. The gridshell design was developed through the manipulation of the shape of two edge profiles and the shell form spanning between these. Architectural and fabrication constraints were met and the workflow allowed for a sufficient level of structural analysis to be fed back to inform the design.
keywords	Digital Workflow; Collaborative Design; Digital Formfinding; Digital Fabrication
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2023_000
id	ecaade2023_000
authors	Dokonal, Wolfgang, Hirschberg, Urs and Wurzer, Gabriel
year	2023
title	eCAADe 2023 Digital Design Reconsidered - Volume 1
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, 905 p.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.001
summary	The conference logo is a bird’s eye view of spiral stairs that join and separate – an homage to the famous double spiral staircase in Graz, a tourist attraction of this city and a must-see for any architecturally minded visitor. Carved out of limestone, the medieval construction of the original is a daring feat of masonry as well as a symbolic gesture. The design speaks of separation and reconciliation: The paths of two people that climb the double spiral stairs separate and then meet again at each platform. The relationship between architectural design and the growing digital repertoire of tools and possibilities seems to undergo similar cycles of attraction and rejection: enthusiasm about digital innovations – whether in Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Energy Design, Robotic Fabrication, the many Dimensions of BIM or, as right now, in AI and Machine Learning – is typically followed by a certain disillusionment and a realization that the promises were somewhat overblown. But a turn away from these digital innovations can only be temporary. In our call for papers we refer to the first and second ‘digital turns’, a term Mario Carpo coined. Yes, it’s a bit of a pun, but you could indeed see these digital turns in our logo as well. Carpo would probably agree that design and the digital have become inseparably intertwined. While they may be circling in different directions, an innovative rejoinder is always just around the corner. The theme of the conference asked participants to re-consider the relationship between Design and the Digital. The notion of a cycle is already present in the syllable “re”. Indeed, 20 years earlier, in 2003, we held an ECAADE conference in Graz simply under the title “Digital Design” and our re-using – or is it re-cycling? – the theme can be seen as the completion of one of those cycles described above: One level up, we meet again, we’ve come full circle. The question of the relationship between Design and the Digital is still in flux, still worthy of renewed consideration. There is a historical notion implicit in the theme. To reconsider something, one needs to take a step back, to look into the past as well as into the future. Indeed, at this conference we wanted to take a longer view, something not done often enough in the fast-paced world of digital technology. Carefully considering one’s past can be a source of inspiration. In fact, the double spiral stair that inspired our conference logo also inspired many architects through the ages. Konrad Wachsmann, for example, is said to have come up with his famous Grapevine assembly system based on this double spiral stair and its intricate joinery. More recently, Rem Koolhaas deemed the double spiral staircase in Graz important enough to include a detailed model of it in his “elements of architecture” exhibition at the Venice Biennale in 2014. Our interpretation of the stair is a typically digital one, you might say. First of all: it’s a rendering of a virtual model; it only exists inside a computer. Secondly, this virtual model isn’t true to the original. Instead, it does what the digital has made so easy to do: it exaggerates. Where the original has just two spiral stairs that separate and join, our model consists of countless stairs that are joined in this way. We see only a part of the model, but the stairs appear to continue in all directions. The implication is of an endless field of spiral stairs. As the 3D model was generated with a parametric script, it would be very easy to change all parameters of it – including the number of stairs that make it up. Everyone at this conference is familiar with the concept of parametric design: it makes generating models of seemingly endless amounts of connected spiral stairs really easy. Although, of course, if we’re too literal about the term ‘endless’, generating our stair model will eventually crash even the most advanced computers. We know that, too. – That's another truth about the Digital: it makes a promise of infinity, which, in the end, it can’t keep. And even if it could: what’s the point of just adding more of the same: more variations, more options, more possible ways to get lost? Doesn’t the original double spiral staircase contain all those derivatives already? Don’t we know that ‘more’ isn’t necessarily better? In the original double spiral stair the happy end is guaranteed: the lovers’ paths meet at the top as well as when they exit the building. Therefore, the stair is also colloquially known as the Busserlstiege (the kissing stair) or the Versöhnungsstiege (reconciliation stair). In our digitally enhanced version, this outcome is no longer clear: we can choose between multiple directions at each level and we risk losing sight of the one we were with. This is also emblematic of our field of research. eCAADe was founded to promote “good practice and sharing information in relation to the use of computers in research and education in architecture and related professions” (see ecaade.org). That may have seemed a straightforward proposition forty years ago, when the association was founded. A look at the breadth and depth of research topics presented and discussed at this conference (and as a consequence in this book, for which you’re reading the editorial) shows how the field has developed over these forty years. There are sessions on Digital Design Education, on Digital Fabrication, on Virtual Reality, on Virtual Heritage, on Generative Design and Machine Learning, on Digital Cities, on Simulation and Digital Twins, on BIM, on Sustainability, on Circular Design, on Design Theory and on Digital Design Experimentations. We hope you will find what you’re looking for in this book and at the conference – and maybe even more than that: surprising turns and happy encounters between Design and the Digital.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	ecaade2023_001
id	ecaade2023_001
authors	Dokonal, Wolfgang, Hirschberg, Urs and Wurzer, Gabriel
year	2023
title	eCAADe 2023 Digital Design Reconsidered - Volume 2
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, 899 p.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.001
summary	The conference logo is a bird’s eye view of spiral stairs that join and separate – an homage to the famous double spiral staircase in Graz, a tourist attraction of this city and a must-see for any architecturally minded visitor. Carved out of limestone, the medieval construction of the original is a daring feat of masonry as well as a symbolic gesture. The design speaks of separation and reconciliation: The paths of two people that climb the double spiral stairs separate and then meet again at each platform. The relationship between architectural design and the growing digital repertoire of tools and possibilities seems to undergo similar cycles of attraction and rejection: enthusiasm about digital innovations – whether in Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Energy Design, Robotic Fabrication, the many Dimensions of BIM or, as right now, in AI and Machine Learning – is typically followed by a certain disillusionment and a realization that the promises were somewhat overblown. But a turn away from these digital innovations can only be temporary. In our call for papers we refer to the first and second ‘digital turns’, a term Mario Carpo coined. Yes, it’s a bit of a pun, but you could indeed see these digital turns in our logo as well. Carpo would probably agree that design and the digital have become inseparably intertwined. While they may be circling in different directions, an innovative rejoinder is always just around the corner. The theme of the conference asked participants to re-consider the relationship between Design and the Digital. The notion of a cycle is already present in the syllable “re”. Indeed, 20 years earlier, in 2003, we held an ECAADE conference in Graz simply under the title “Digital Design” and our re-using – or is it re-cycling? – the theme can be seen as the completion of one of those cycles described above: One level up, we meet again, we’ve come full circle. The question of the relationship between Design and the Digital is still in flux, still worthy of renewed consideration. There is a historical notion implicit in the theme. To reconsider something, one needs to take a step back, to look into the past as well as into the future. Indeed, at this conference we wanted to take a longer view, something not done often enough in the fast-paced world of digital technology. Carefully considering one’s past can be a source of inspiration. In fact, the double spiral stair that inspired our conference logo also inspired many architects through the ages. Konrad Wachsmann, for example, is said to have come up with his famous Grapevine assembly system based on this double spiral stair and its intricate joinery. More recently, Rem Koolhaas deemed the double spiral staircase in Graz important enough to include a detailed model of it in his “elements of architecture” exhibition at the Venice Biennale in 2014. Our interpretation of the stair is a typically digital one, you might say. First of all: it’s a rendering of a virtual model; it only exists inside a computer. Secondly, this virtual model isn’t true to the original. Instead, it does what the digital has made so easy to do: it exaggerates. Where the original has just two spiral stairs that separate and join, our model consists of countless stairs that are joined in this way. We see only a part of the model, but the stairs appear to continue in all directions. The implication is of an endless field of spiral stairs. As the 3D model was generated with a parametric script, it would be very easy to change all parameters of it – including the number of stairs that make it up. Everyone at this conference is familiar with the concept of parametric design: it makes generating models of seemingly endless amounts of connected spiral stairs really easy. Although, of course, if we’re too literal about the term ‘endless’, generating our stair model will eventually crash even the most advanced computers. We know that, too. – That's another truth about the Digital: it makes a promise of infinity, which, in the end, it can’t keep. And even if it could: what’s the point of just adding more of the same: more variations, more options, more possible ways to get lost? Doesn’t the original double spiral staircase contain all those derivatives already? Don’t we know that ‘more’ isn’t necessarily better? In the original double spiral stair the happy end is guaranteed: the lovers’ paths meet at the top as well as when they exit the building. Therefore, the stair is also colloquially known as the Busserlstiege (the kissing stair) or the Versöhnungsstiege (reconciliation stair). In our digitally enhanced version, this outcome is no longer clear: we can choose between multiple directions at each level and we risk losing sight of the one we were with. This is also emblematic of our field of research. eCAADe was founded to promote “good practice and sharing information in relation to the use of computers in research and education in architecture and related professions” (see ecaade.org). That may have seemed a straightforward proposition forty years ago, when the association was founded. A look at the breadth and depth of research topics presented and discussed at this conference (and as a consequence in this book, for which you’re reading the editorial) shows how the field has developed over these forty years. There are sessions on Digital Design Education, on Digital Fabrication, on Virtual Reality, on Virtual Heritage, on Generative Design and Machine Learning, on Digital Cities, on Simulation and Digital Twins, on BIM, on Sustainability, on Circular Design, on Design Theory and on Digital Design Experimentations. We hope you will find what you’re looking for in this book and at the conference – and maybe even more than that: surprising turns and happy encounters between Design and the Digital.
series	eCAADe
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2024/08/29 08:36

_id	acadia14projects_223
id	acadia14projects_223
authors	Friedman, Jared; Kim, Heamin; Mesa, Olga
year	2014
title	Woven Clay
source	ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 223-226
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.223
summary	The accompanying poster outlines the research behind a robotic clay deposition technique that weaves clay coils in order to build up a surface. The façade panels produced by the research team act as a proxy for potential applications of the fabrication technique.
keywords	Robotics, Ceramics, Additive Manufacturing, 3D Printing, Weaving, Craft in a Digital Age
series	ACADIA
type	Student's Research Projects
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadia14projects_11
id	acadia14projects_11
authors	Gheorghe, Andrei
year	2014
title	Robotic Infiltrations
source	ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 11-14
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.011
summary	This research describes the outcome of the Angewandte Architecture Challenge 2013 “Robotic Infiltrations” experimental workshop in Digital Design and Fabrication Strategies. The workshop is a collaboration between the University of Innsbruck’s REX\|LAB and the Institute of Architecture at the University of Applied Arts Vienna, and represents a continuation of research that explores the potential of additive digital production through the use of robotically controlled placement of phase-change polymers in the production of full scale structures.
keywords	Digital fabrication and construction, Digital architectural design, Digital design education, Digital design and production, Full scale digital fabrication, Digital fabrication research, Robotic fabrication
series	ACADIA
type	Research Projects
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	acadia14projects_71
id	acadia14projects_71
authors	Kalo, Ammar; Newsum, Michael Jake
year	2014
title	Robotic Incremental Sheet Metal Fabrication
source	ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 71-74
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.071
summary	Building on previous and current work, this research utilizes the Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) process to produce mass customized, double-curved (both positive and negative Gaussian curvature), three-dimensional forms from sheet metal.
keywords	Incremental Sheet Forming, Parametric, Computational Design, Fabrication, Sheet Metal, Architectural Skins, Digital fabrication and construction.
series	ACADIA
type	Research Projects
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaade2014_159
id	ecaade2014_159
authors	Leyla Yunis, Ond_ej Kyjánek, Moritz Dörstelmann, Marshall Prado, Tobias Schwinn and Achim Menges
year	2014
title	Bio-inspired and fabrication-informed design strategies for modular fibrous structures in architecture
source	Thompson, Emine Mine (ed.), Fusion - Proceedings of the 32nd eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK, 10-12 September 2014, pp. 423-432
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2014.1.423
wos	WOS:000361384700042
summary	Research pavilions can serve as architectural scale demonstrations for the materialization of experimental forms and structures. Pavilions seek to prove and change methods of design and construction mechanisms in order to achieve desires such as material efficiency, novel spatial qualities and performative needs. The case of the ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2013-14 highlights the use of fiber composites in order to achieve a core-less filament winding modular system from bio-inspired lightweight structures through robotic fabrication. This paper describes the multi-disciplinary design and construction process of this pavilion that created a structure of out 36 unique components.
keywords	Bio-inspired; fiber composites; multi-disciplinary design; robotic fabrication; modular system construction
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2020_249
id	caadria2020_249
authors	Poustinchi, Ebrahim, Fehrenbach, Joshua and Holmes, Tyler
year	2020
title	Ro-Puzzle - A robotic proposal for moving architecture
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 433-442
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.2.433
summary	This paper presents a project-based research study called Ro-puzzle-a robotic architectural "puzzle," using robotic solutions to illustrate the possibility of an animated/dynamic architectural composition and configurations in the physical world. Through studying super-comportment (Wiscombe, 2014) in both dynamic and static scenarios, this research proposes a new reading to the traditional robotic task of "pick-and-place", through an intuitive motion design process using a custom-made bridge software, Oriole. By revisiting the notion of robotics in the field of design/architecture, Ro-Puzzle investigates the design possibilities of robotics, not merely as fabrication tools, but possibly as physical extensions of the design software into the physical world of architecture, and as a way to expand the digital design imaginations/possibilities beyond the digital screens. In this manuscript and initially tested at the desktop scale, Ro-Puzzle research investigation demonstrated the possibilities of robots as architectural "components" within the architecture/building. This research shows that through the development of custom software/hardware platforms, it is possible to domesticize robotic technology as an active agent in the design process through physical simulation.
keywords	Robotics; Design; Animation; Robotic Architecture; Dynamic Architecture
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	acadia14_555
id	acadia14_555
authors	Vomhof, Max; Vasey, Lauren, Brauer, Stefan; Eggenschwiler, Kurt; Strauss, Jurgen; Gramazio, Fabio; Kohler, Matthias
year	2014
title	Robotic Fabrication of Acoustic Brick Walls
source	ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9781926724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 555-564
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.555
summary	This collaborative research project demonstrates the viability of using robotic fabrication and industrial polymer technologies in the fabrication of highly versatile and individually designed acoustically performative walls. Driven by the formal parameters which significantly impact the acoustics of a space through diffusion, in particular differentiated and aperiodic surface depth, a customizable system and fabrication process was developed in which an injection moulded element and a secondary insert are placed uniquely by robot and then joined through a process of ultra-sonic welding.
keywords	Robotics, Digital Fabrication, Parametric Modelling, Acoustics, Collaborative Research Model, Ultra-Sonic Welding
series	ACADIA
type	Normal Paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	acadia14projects_153
id	acadia14projects_153
authors	Fornes, Marc; Kusama, Yayoi
year	2014
title	Selfridges
source	ACADIA 14: Design Agency [Projects of the 34th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 9789126724478]Los Angeles 23-25 October, 2014), pp. 153-156
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2014.153.2
summary	The project follows an ongoing research method investigating the control and definition of compound curvature to generate structural forms. Furthermore, the forms are generated through conventional manufacturing processes, and thus, must be defined in the logic of industrial production. The form strives to simultaneously resolve issues of rigidity and performance within the limitations of industry.
keywords	Generative Design, Digital fabrication and construction, Practice-based and interdisciplinary computational Design research, Material Logics and Tectonics, Material Agency, parametric and evolutionary Design
series	ACADIA
type	Practice Projects
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	sigradi2014_244
id	sigradi2014_244
authors	Manica, Carlo Rossano; Fábio Gonçalves Teixeira, Underléa Miotto Bruscato, Leonardo Barili Brandi, Osorio Schaeffer, Renan Willian Leite Pereira
year	2014
title	Processo de Fabricação Digital de Artefato para Transporte de Maças [Digital Process for Manufacturing Artifact for Apples Transport]
source	SiGraDi 2014 [Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-9974-99-655-7] Uruguay - Montevideo 12 - 14 November 2014, pp. 324-327
summary	This article presents the result of the activities carried out for the discipline of the program Master in Design and Technology (UFRGS), Digital Manufacturing Process as a Tool for Project. It aimed to develop a product based on digital manufacturing process. With this purpose, was designed a package for the transport of apples. In order to achieve the goal the generation of alternatives was conducted through a game and Sketch Creative Brainstorming, followed by research on the product life cycle. Subsequently, was used parametric modeling software for the package design. The use of three-dimensional modeling software Rhinoceros together with the plug-in Grasshopper allowed the construction of three-dimensional parametric models. As a result, we obtained the creation of a product that can be adapted to other fruits, avoiding rework, and run through rapid prototyping, this being a consequence of the facilities of adoption of digital fabrication.
keywords	Digital fabrication; Parametric modeling; grasshoper; Packaging; Apple
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:55

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