CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 67

_id cf2017_337
id cf2017_337
authors Barber, Gabriela; Lafluf, Marcos; Amen, Fernando Garcia; Accuosto, Pablo
year 2017
title Interactive Projection Mapping in Heritage: The Anglo Case
source Gülen Çagdas, Mine Özkar, Leman F. Gül and Ethem Gürer (Eds.) Future Trajectories of Computation in Design [17th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2017, Proceedings / ISBN 978-975-561-482-3] Istanbul, Turkey, July 12-14, 2017, pp. 337-348.
summary This work is the outcome of a multidisciplinary collaboration in the context of the VidiaLab (Laboratorio de Visualización Digital Avanzada). It proposes an application of interactive video mapping techniques as a form of experiencing the Fray Bentos industrial landscape, declared as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2015. An immersive environment was created by enriching a physical scale model of the site with projected digital images and information, providing new and attractive ways of interaction with the cultural heritage. Proposals for future work and educational applications of the developed tools are also discussed.
keywords Video Mapping, New Media Art, Heritage, Museum, Human-Computer Interaction
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2017/12/01 14:38

_id cf2015_485
id cf2015_485
authors Anaf, Márcia and Harris, Ana Lúcia Nogueira de Camargo
year 2015
title The geometry of Chuck Hoberman as the basis for the development of dynamic experimental structures
source The next city - New technologies and the future of the built environment [16th International Conference CAAD Futures 2015. Sao Paulo, July 8-10, 2015. Electronic Proceedings/ ISBN 978-85-85783-53-2] Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 8-10, 2015, pp. 485.
summary The cognitive-theoretical foundation referring to teach drawing as a way of thinking, as well as the construction of the environment by means of drawing using transforming geometries and the formal and para-formal computational process, creating unusual geometries through generative design processes and methodologies, can be seen as some of the main possibilities in exploring dynamic experimental structures for an Adaptive Architecture. This article presents the development of a model for articulated facades, inspired by Hoberman´s Tessellates, and his Adaptive Building Initiative (ABI) project to develop facades models that respond in real time to environmental changes. In addition, we describe an experiment based on the retractable structures, inspired by Hoberman´s work and experimentations. Solutions for responsive facades can offer more flexible architectural solutions providing better use of natural light and contributing to saving energy. Using Rhinoceros and the Grasshopper for modeling and test the responsiveness, the parametric model was created to simulate geometric panels of hexagonal grids that would open and close in reaction to translational motion effects, regulating the amount of light that reaches the building.
keywords Parametric architecture, Hoberman´s Tessellates, Adaptive Building Initiative (ABI), Articulated Facades, Complex Geometries, Retractable structures, Retractable polyhedra.
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2015/06/29 07:55

_id sigradi2015_8.276
id sigradi2015_8.276
authors Oliveira, Maurício Guimar?es de; Harris, Ana Lúcia Nogueira de Camargo
year 2015
title Parametric simulation of a scissor-like icosahedron in Grasshopper, based on Hoberman patent
source SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 1 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-135-0] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 392-397.
summary This article proposes the creation of a virtual icosahedric parametric structure based on Chuck Hoberman’s patent “Reversibly expandable doubly-curved truss structure”, which contains the single-angulated bar. It was used the software Rhinoceros with Grasshopper parametric plugin to develop the simulation, elucidating it’s potential to develop and study complex geometries.
keywords Simulation, Scissor-like, Hoberman, Grasshopper, Icosahedron
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:56

_id sigradi2022_106
id sigradi2022_106
authors Pereira Espíndola, Fábio; Belluzzo de Campos, Gisela
year 2022
title Ubiquent Narratives for the Design of Natural and Invisible Interfaces
source Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 629–638
summary The article proposes to explore the concepts of storytelling (Lupton, 2020 and Xavier, 2015) and ubiquity (Santaella, 2013 and Santos, 2021) applied to the design of natural and invisible interfaces (Benyon, 2011). With Natural Interface it is possible to interact with devices directly, without needing the help of a mouse or keyboard. To do so, it presents as a case study the project “Criatura de Luz” (2015), by Estúdio Guto Requena, carried out to compose the new facade of the WZ Hotel (Sao Paulo). The purpose of this research is to understand the role of the designer in the creation of interfaces that are not only interactive, but that begin to propose immersive and ubiquitous narratives in design projects and the method for this analysis will be the case study from the design perspective as storytelling proposed by Lupton (2020). The aim is to do exploratory research to provide greater familiarity with the problem.
keywords Storytelling. ubiquitous computing. Interface design. Natural and invisible interfaces
series SIGraDi
email
last changed 2023/05/16 16:56

_id sigradi2015_10.7
id sigradi2015_10.7
authors Alves, Gilfranco; Trujillo, Juliana
year 2015
title Cybersemiotic Design: a methodological purpose for digital design teaching
source SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 2 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-133-6] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 488-492.
summary The paper aims to relate a specific aspect of the proposed methodology for digital design, presented on the PhD research called Cibersemiótica e Processos de Projeto: Metodologia em Revis?o, developed at the University of S?o Paulo (USP), with the didactic experience conducted at the subject Representaç?o e Criaç?o Digital 2, developed at the Architecture and Urbanism Course of the Federal University of Campo Grande (UFMS), Brazil. The paper’s theoretical foundation is based on the cybersemiotic work produced by the Danish philosopher S?ren Brier, which unifies two important conceptual frameworks: the Charles Sanders Peirce’s Semiotics, and the Second Order Cybernetics proposed by Heinz von Foerster.
keywords Education, Design Processes, Parametric Design, Cybersemiotics
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id sigradi2015_9.347
id sigradi2015_9.347
authors Andrade, Eduardo; Orellana, Nicolas; Mesa, Javiera; Felmer, Patricio
year 2015
title Spatial Configuration and Sociaty. Comparison between the street market Tristan Matta and Tirso de Molina Market
source SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 2 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-133-6] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 481-485.
summary This research aims to clarify how certain visual and accessibility patterns, in buildings and urban environments, are related to social activities that take place in them. The study, based on the theory of space syntax (Hillier & Hanson 1984; Hillier, 1996), seeks to recognize patterns of behavior, both individual and aggregate. The case studies are Tirso de Molina Market and the free street market Tristan Matta, both in Santiago de Chile.
keywords pace Syntax, Visibilidad, Accesibilidad, Conectividad, Comportamiento
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id sigradi2015_10.177
id sigradi2015_10.177
authors Angelo, Alex Garcia Smith; Manna, Ilaria La; Hernandez, Oscar; Valdiviezo, Marlon; Lastras, Alejandra Díaz de León; Salazar, Oscar Ivan Campo; Montezuma, Vanessa; Zubieta, Marco
year 2015
title Fab Lab and Multiculturalism in Latin America: The Fab Lat Kids case and the project “Emosilla”
source SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 2 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-133-6] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 551-557.
summary This paper expresses a lecture of the experience of an investigation carried by a group of Latin American Fab Labs dedicated to the promotion of the use of modeling, digital fabrication, and network communication as tools of educational and social development of children in latin culture. This study is based on online workshop typologies with a methodological perspective that included local technological adaptations, data gathering, and exchange of knowledge on the fab lab network.
keywords Design, Digital Manufacturing, Society, Technology Learning, Collaborative Network
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id sigradi2015_sp_10.33
id sigradi2015_sp_10.33
authors Antiqueira, Renan Leite; Vizioli, Simone Helena Tanoue; Antiqueira, Kau? de Macedo
year 2015
title Digital Game and Drawing in Heritage Education Teaching
source SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 2 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-133-6] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 815-817.
summary This Short Paper intends to present the development of a digital game as part of the extension research: “Architectonic heritage, design and education: development of Playful Interactive Systems (educational games in digital media)” and is part of the work fomented by the Research Group (name withheld for submission). It is intended to emphasize the concept of game as a transmitter of culture and knowledge and to discuss the potentiality of digital game as a tool in assimilation of heritage architecture.
keywords Digital Game, Digital Drawing, Heritage Education
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id acadia15_161
id acadia15_161
authors Baharlou, Ehsan; Menges, Achim
year 2015
title Toward a Behavioral Design System: An Agent-Based Approach for Polygonal Surfaces Structures
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2015.161
source ACADIA 2105: Computational Ecologies: Design in the Anthropocene [Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-53726-8] Cincinnati 19-25 October, 2015), pp. 161-172
summary The following research investigates the development of an agent-based design method as an integrative design tool for polygonal surface structures. The aim of this research is to develop a computational tool that self-organizes the emergence of polygonal surface structures from interaction between its constitutive lattices. This research focuses on the ethological level of morphogenesis that is relevant to the animal or insect societies, whereby agents mediate the material organizations with environmental aspects. Meanwhile, behavior-based approaches are investigated as a bottom-up system to develop a computational framework in which the lower-level features constantly interact. The lower-level features such as material properties (e.g., geometric descriptions) are abstracted into building blocks or agents to construct the agent’s morphology. The abstracted principles, which define the agent’s morphology, are aggregated into a generative tool to explore the emergent complexities. This exploration coupled with the generative constraint mechanisms steers the collective agents system toward the cloud of solutions; hence, the collective behaviors of agents constitute the polygonal surface structures. This polygonal system is a bottom up approach of developing the complex surface that emerges through topological and topographical interaction between cells and their surrounding environment. Subsequently, the integrative system is developed through agent-based parametric modelling, in which the knowledge-based system as a top-down approach is substituted with the agent system together with its morphological features and significant behaviors.
keywords Agent-Based System, Behavioral-Based System, Polygonal Surface Structures, Self-Organization and Emergence
series ACADIA
type normal paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id sigradi2015_3.394
id sigradi2015_3.394
authors Bastiani, Jamile De; Pupo, Regiane T.
year 2015
title Materialize to inform and educate
source SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 1 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-135-0] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 161-166.
summary The protection and preservation of historical heritage are important tasks for all walks of life because rebuilding the exclusionary social memory, symbolically representing the nation’s identity. From this reflection, the problem arises of how to make the people appreciate the historic buildings. The Region of Medium High Uruguay, will serve as pilot study on a method of applying to the enhancement of national heritage by the population that is through the materialization of form. It is with the help of computer modeling combined with digital prototyping that seeks to find effective alternatives that use new technologies in the upgrading of historic buildings, a form of knowledge, integration and collaboration. In many areas of knowledge, consciousness makes the human being is connected to the world through all the senses. And touch, as experimentation and understanding of space it inhabits, may be the most overlooked sense in recent informatization times. In this research, the new realization techniques used to attempt to leverage awareness and understanding of a heritage, for a population hitherto alien to the cultural and historical values of a local architecture.
keywords Materialize, Inform, Aware, Appreciation
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id sigradi2015_3.370
id sigradi2015_3.370
authors Bem, Gabriel Moraes de; Pupo, Regiane Trevisan
year 2015
title Printing the environment for visually impaired users: a systematic review
source SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 1 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-135-0] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 148-152.
summary This paper presents the results of a systematic review of 13 databases that aimed to identify which rapid prototyping techniques (RP) have been applied to development of tactile maps and tactile models. For this purpose were adopted the key words tactile map; tactile model; tactile scale model; additive manufacturing; digital fabrication; and rapid prototyping. Only 11 results deal with the PR in the manufacture of the devices. As a result of four cases reviewed, there are benefits from psychological and learning fields and also technical such as the resolution of the elements, its legibility and quality control in manufacturing.
keywords Visually Impaired User, Mobility, Way finding, Digital Prototyping
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id sigradi2015_8.27
id sigradi2015_8.27
authors Boas, Naylor Vilas
year 2015
title Digital Urban Simulators: Representation and Interaction with the History of the Cities
source SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 1 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-135-0] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 308-316.
summary This work aims to expose the methodological process of the construction of a digital urban simulator called “SIMRio”, that is being developed at the Laboratory of Digital Representation and Urban Analysis. Constructed with the technology of videogames, through the use of its engines applied to digital 3d models of central area of Rio de Janeiro, the research has the objective to develop interactive systems where one could virtually visit, in real time, not only the spaces of the city, but also different times of its history, walking between them as if were in a digital time machine.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:47

_id ijac201715302
id ijac201715302
authors Borges de Vasconselo, Tássias and David Sperling
year 2017
title From representational to parametric and algorithmic interactions: A panorama of Digital Architectural Design teaching in Latin America
source International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 15 - no. 3, 215-229
summary This study focuses on the context of graphic representation technologies and digital design on Architectural teaching in Latin America. From categories proposed by Oxman and Kotnik and through a mapping study framed by a systematic review in CumInCAD database, it is presented a panorama of the state-of-art of the digital design on Architectural teaching in the region, between 2006 and 2015. The results suggest a context of coexistence of representational interaction and parametric interaction, as well as a transition from one to another and the emergence of the first experiments in algorithmic interaction. As this mapping shows an ongoing movement toward Digital Architectural Design in Latin America in the last decade, and points out its dynamics in space in time, it could contribute to strengthen a crowdthinking network on this issue in the region and with other continents.
keywords Computer-aided architectural design, Digital Architectural Design teaching, interaction with digital media, levels of design computability, Latin America, mapping study
series journal
email
last changed 2019/08/07 14:03

_id cf2015_135
id cf2015_135
authors Cuperschmid, Ana Regina M.; Ruschel, Regina C. and Monteiro, Ana Maria R. de G.
year 2015
title Augmented Reality: Recognition of Multiple Models Simultaneously
source The next city - New technologies and the future of the built environment [16th International Conference CAAD Futures 2015. Sao Paulo, July 8-10, 2015. Electronic Proceedings/ ISBN 978-85-85783-53-2] Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 8-10, 2015, pp. 135-154.
summary The problem at hand is to ensure that the perception by means of Augmented Reality (AR) is hence reliable and opinions resulting from a Participatory Design (PD) mediated by this technology could be incorporated into the design solution. This paper presents the evaluation of multiple 3D models recognition in AR, with or without an auxiliary projection. Leisure area designs involve urban equipment of various dimensions that are visualized simultaneously. Therefore, it was necessary to verify if the participants were capable of recognizing them and which would be the best way to visualize: exclusively with the iPad screen or with the iPad associated with an external projection – to verify whether the visualization using an external projection would amplify the visualization area. The results obtained in the evaluation were used to improve the AR application and also, to develop guidelines for the AR use in a PD.
keywords Augmented Reality, Recognition, User Experience Evaluation.
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2015/06/29 07:55

_id caadria2015_185
id caadria2015_185
authors De Oliveira, Maria João and Vasco Moreira Rato
year 2015
title From Morphogenetic Data to Performative Behaviour
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2015.765
source Emerging Experience in Past, Present and Future of Digital Architecture, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2015) / Daegu 20-22 May 2015, pp. 765-774
summary This paper presents part of CORK’EWS, a research work developed within the framework of the Digital Architecture Advanced Program 2012/13 at ISCTE-IUL. The main goal of this investigation was to develop a parametric, customizable and adaptive wall system designed for environmental performance. Moreover, the system is based on standard industrial products: expanded cork blocks produced by Amorim Insulation industries. CAD/CAM resources were the essential tools of the research process, where fundamental and practical knowledge is integrated to understand the microstructure morphological properties of the raw material – cork – and its derivate – natural expanded cork. These properties were upscale and adapted to create a wall with an optimized solar control environmental performance. The result is a digitally fabricated prototype of a new customizable industrial product, adaptable to specific environmental conditions and installation setups being therefore easily commercialized. From microstructural morphology to macroscale construction, the research explores new application possibilities through morphogenesis and opens new possible markets for these customizable products.
keywords Morphogenesis; performance; shading systems; cork.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id caadria2015_209
id caadria2015_209
authors de S. Moreira, Lorena C. and Regina C. Ruschel
year 2015
title Augmented Reality Promoting Time Tunnel
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2015.261
source Emerging Experience in Past, Present and Future of Digital Architecture, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2015) / Daegu 20-22 May 2015, pp. 261-270
summary This paper presents an Augmented Reality application intended to establish a link to site history, approaching cultural heritage issues simulating the metaphor of time tunnel. It presents an initiative to bring technology to the end user, in order to rescue the past through AR of a plaza with cultural importance that suffered intervention with time. The work was developed as an exercise of a Virtual Reality class in a Graduate Program. The class exercise involved understanding uses of AR, development of AR applications and user perception of the built environment through the augmented lenses provided by AR applications. The method proposed for the exercise was the field study developed in seven steps: AR scope definition, preliminary exploration, AR application formulation, data collection and user perception evaluation. Four AR applications were developed and evaluated: 360 panorama and an overlap image, 3D object, and video with historic information. On site, users demonstrated surprise with the experiment and no difficulty of use, however transposition to the significant record of a past time varied with AR application and simplification of implementation.
keywords Augmented Reality; Heritage visualization; Cultural Heritage.
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id cf2015_124
id cf2015_124
authors de Souza, Douglas Lopes; Martinez, Andressa Carmo Pena and Santos, Denise de Mônaco
year 2015
title The Potential Use of Laser Scanner in Urban Contexts
source The next city - New technologies and the future of the built environment [16th International Conference CAAD Futures 2015. Sao Paulo, July 8-10, 2015. Electronic Proceedings/ ISBN 978-85-85783-53-2] Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 8-10, 2015, pp. 124-134.
summary 3D laser scanner is an instrument that employs LiDAR technology to map out objects in space by means of remote detection. In Architecture, digital mapping through 3D laser scanning mainly aims at creating digital surface models based on instant recordings of still objects, whereas lived spaces such as squares, streets, and urban surroundings presuppose the presence of people on the move. This paper presents some preliminary results of an investigation on the use of 3D laser scanning in urban contexts. It seeks to examine experimental data on moving people obtained in point clouds and discuss their operationalization possibilities and limitations. The main goal of this investigation is to assess the potential of this technology for use as a research tool and in city-scale design processes.
keywords 3D laser scanning technology, motion modeling, geometrical modeling, computational tools, urban survey.
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2015/06/29 07:55

_id cf2015_037
id cf2015_037
authors de Vries, Bauke; Grond, Manon and van der Zee, Aant
year 2015
title Development of a multi-disciplinary university wide design course
source The next city - New technologies and the future of the built environment [16th International Conference CAAD Futures 2015. Sao Paulo, July 8-10, 2015. Electronic Proceedings/ ISBN 978-85-85783-53-2] Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 8-10, 2015, pp. 37-46.
summary Design is one of the basic skills of every engineer. However until now design is only seen as a core course in Architecture studies and lately in Industrial Engineering studies. This paper reports about the development of a design course for all departments of a typical technical university. After a short overview of design teaching tradition, an inventory is presented of the different interpretation of design by the various departments. The course development is presented over two periods: 2012-2014, and 2014-2015. In between a major change was conducted. The course learning goals and student evaluations are presented. In the discussion we reflect on fundamental and practical problems that occur in design teaching for such a wide audience. Finally we draw conclusions on the changing role of design what is needed to give design the same status as mathematics in a technical curriculum.
keywords Design, Design teaching, Multi-disciplinary design
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2015/06/29 07:55

_id sigradi2015_9.152
id sigradi2015_9.152
authors Faria, José Neto de; Oliveira, Mirtes Marins; Palos, Karine Itao
year 2015
title Architecture, Design and Information Visualization (Data): different phases of data between the perception and clarification
source SIGRADI 2015 [Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - vol. 2 - ISBN: 978-85-8039-133-6] Florianópolis, SC, Brasil 23-27 November 2015, pp. 451-458.
summary The article develops a reflection on the different stages of information (data) in the relations of mediation between ‘individual interpreter’ and ‘information systems’, and the agency of the processes of perception, interpretation and clarification. The goal was to identify, understand and describe how ‘information systems’ enact the different stages of articulation of ‘information’, from “propensity” to ‘concatenation’, and from ‘critical’ to the ‘action’. Tests and analysis of the effects of ‘information systems’ were observed in ‘narrative accounts’ of ‘individual interpreter’. However, the conclusion is that the social conformation of ‘strategies for obtaining information’ prevails on the properties of ‘information system’.
keywords Design, Information, Information Architecture, Information Design, Information Visualization
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2016/03/10 09:51

_id cf2015_487
id cf2015_487
authors Garcia, Sara and Romão, Luís
year 2015
title A design tool for generic multipurpose chair design
source The next city - New technologies and the future of the built environment [16th International Conference CAAD Futures 2015. Sao Paulo, July 8-10, 2015. Electronic Proceedings/ ISBN 978-85-85783-53-2] Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 8-10, 2015, pp. 487.
summary Product classes share the same basic abstract layout, despite their great diversity. The present paper intends to (de)code the variety of types embedded in the class of multipurpose chairs. The contribution of this research is the development of a generative design tool, to be used at the conceptual chair design stage. A framework of five stages is proposed: (1) sample definition, considering chairs with a large diversity of types; (2) analysis of the syntax and semantics of the class through ontological classification; (3) development of a generic shape grammar, innovatively applied to product design; (4) implementation of a digital tool, that provides an interface to manipulate the chair components visualized in a 3D digital model; and (5) user evaluation of the program, in order to draw conclusions on the usability and usefulness of the tool and to collect inputs for further developments.
keywords Multipurpose chairs, ontology, generic shape grammars, generative design tool, user experience.
series CAAD Futures
email
last changed 2015/06/29 07:55

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