CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Hits 1 to 20 of 604

_id acadia18_404
id acadia18_404
authors Clifford, Brandon; McGee, Wes
year 2018
title Cyclopean Cannibalism. A method for recycling rubble
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2018.404
source ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 404-413
summary Each year, the United States discards 375 million tons of concrete construction debris to landfills (U.S. EPA 2016), but this is a new paradigm. Past civilizations cannibalized their constructions to produce new architectures (Hopkins 2005). This paper interrogates one cannibalistic methodology from the past known as cyclopean masonry in order to translate this valuable method into a contemporary digital procedure. The work contextualizes the techniques of this method and situates them into procedural recipes which can be applied in contemporary construction. A full-scale prototype is produced utilizing the described method; demolition debris is gathered, scanned, and processed through an algorithmic workflow. Each rubble unit is then minimally carved by a robotic arm and set to compose a new architecture from discarded rubble debris. The prototype merges ancient construction thinking with digital design and fabrication methodologies. It poses material cannibalism as a means of combating excessive construction waste generation.
keywords full paper, cyclopean, algorithmic, robotic fabrication, stone, shape grammars, computation
series ACADIA
type paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id ecaade2016_099
id ecaade2016_099
authors Guerritore, Camilla and Duarte, José Pinto
year 2016
title Manifold Façades - A grammar-based approach for the adaptation of office buildings into housing
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.2.189
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 189-198
summary This article focuses on the use of shape grammars in rehabilitation processes to transform existing, obsolete building stocks into required building types. It is described how a grammar-based transformation methodology can lead to the development of a design tool that enables the exploration of preliminary design solutions and the evaluation of their impact in terms of massing, functional programme and, eventually, cost and energetic behaviour. The goal is to assess the capacity of an existing building to be adapted to a different use. The article is focused on the transformation grammar. In particular, it is investigated the transformation of "office building types" into "residential building types", aiming at defining a quicker and more informed decision-making process. Future work will be concerned with evaluating the performance of the solutions generated by the grammar.
wos WOS:000402064400018
keywords Rehabilitation; office buildings; adaptive reuse; addition strategy; shape grammars
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id ecaade2016_217
id ecaade2016_217
authors Klerk, Rui de and Beir?o, José
year 2016
title Ontologies and Shape Grammars - A Relational Overview Towards Semantic Design Systems
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.2.305
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 305-314
summary This paper provides an overview on the relation between computational ontologies and shape grammars regarding the development and production of multi-purpose Semantic Design Systems. The objective of the author's ongoing research is to assist the creation of generative design systems, applicable to design processes in general. Shape grammar rules and ontologies in these systems will be focusing on abstract, generic rules and generic descriptions. When combined through contextually specified relations, these assume semantic expressions and should be able to produce meaningful results.We collect here a short state of the art of the research developed in the fields of architecture, urbanism and computer science in the past ten years regarding the use of knowledge bases (ontologies) combined with generative design systems (with a particular focus on shape grammars). We expect to provide both insight about architectural and urban typologies and the production of meaningful designs using automated generative design systems.
wos WOS:000402064400030
keywords Ontologies; Shape Grammars; Semantic Design Systems; Architectural Design; Urban Planning
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id caadria2016_115
id caadria2016_115
authors Stouffs, Rudi
year 2016
title The computation of description grammars: two case studies
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.115
source Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 115-124
summary We revisit two case studies that adopt a shape grammar to relate different architectural styles. Both adopt a description scheme, augmenting the shape grammar, as the main vehicle for relating dif- ferent styles, however, they both present the description rules only conceptually. Following a description grammar interpreter and its no- tation for descriptions and description rules, we explore a valid expli- cation of both description schemes. This exploration serves three pur- poses: firstly, as a demonstration of the notation adopted; secondly, as an evaluation of the applicability of the description grammar inter- preter and its notation to these case studies; and, thirdly, as a demon- stration of the explication of description grammars from concept to computation.
keywords Shape grammars; description grammars; architectural styles; description
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id ecaade2016_067
id ecaade2016_067
authors Stouffs, Rudi
year 2016
title An Algebraic Approach to Implementing a Shape Grammar Interpreter
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.2.329
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 329-338
summary Shape grammars come in a variety of forms. Algebras of shapes have been defined for spatial elements of different kinds, as well as for shapes augmented with varying attributes, allowing for grammar forms to be expressed in terms of a direct product of basic algebras. This algebraic approach is extended here to the algebraic derivation of combinations of basic shape algebras with attribute algebras. This algebraic abstraction at the same time serves as a procedural abstraction, giving insights into the modular implementation of a general shape grammar interpreter for different grammar forms.
wos WOS:000402064400032
keywords shape grammars; shape algebras; parallel grammars; compound shapes; implementation
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id ecaade2016_026
id ecaade2016_026
authors Agkathidis, Asterios
year 2016
title Implementing Biomorphic Design - Design Methods in Undergraduate Architectural Education
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.291
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 291-298
summary In continuation to Generative Design Methods, this paper investigates the implementation of Biomorphic Design, supported by computational techniques in undergraduate, architectural studio education. After reviewing the main definitions of biomorphism, organicism and biomimicry synoptically, we will assess the application of a modified biomorphic method on a final year, undergraduate design studio, in order to evaluate its potential and its suitability within the framework of a research led design studio, leading to an RIBA accredited Part I degree. Our research findings based on analysis of design outputs, student performance as well as moderators and external examiners reports initiate a constructive debate about accomplishments and failures of a design methodology which still remains alien to many undergraduate curricula.
wos WOS:000402063700033
keywords CAAD Education; Strategies, Shape Form and Geometry; Generative Design; Design Concepts
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id ascaad2016_003
id ascaad2016_003
authors Al-Jokhadar, Amer; Wassim Jabi
year 2016
title Humanising the Computational Design Process - Integrating Parametric Models with Qualitative Dimensions
source Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 9-18
summary Parametric design is a computational-based approach used for understanding the logic and the language embedded in the design process algorithmically and mathematically. Currently, the main focus of computational models, such as shape grammar and space syntax, is primarily limited to formal and spatial requirements of the design problem. Yet, qualitative factors, such as social, cultural and contextual aspects, are also important dimensions in solving architectural design problems. In this paper, an overview of the advantages and implications of the current methods is presented. It also puts forward a ‘structured analytical system’ that combines the formal and geometric properties of the design, with descriptions that reflect the spatial, social and environmental patterns. This syntactic-discursive model is applied for encoding vernacular courtyard houses in the hot-arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa, and utilising the potentials of these cases in reflecting the lifestyle and the cultural values of the society, such as privacy, human-spatial behaviour, the social life inside the house, the hierarchy of spaces, the segregation and seclusion of family members from visitors and the orientation of spaces. The output of this analytical phase prepares the groundwork for the development of socio-spatial grammar for contemporary tall residential buildings that gives the designer the ability to reveal logical spatial topologies based on socio-environmental restrictions, and to produce alternatives that have an identity while also respecting the context, place and needs of users.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2017/05/25 13:13

_id ecaade2016_077
id ecaade2016_077
authors Aºut, Serdar and Meijer, Winfried
year 2016
title FlexiMold: Teaching Numeric Control through a Hybrid Device
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.321
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 321-328
summary This proceeding presents the process and outputs of a collaborative workshop which was held between Yaºar University in Turkey and Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. The aim of the workshop was to observe the educational potentials of a custom-made formwork device towards teaching CAD/CAM to architecture students. This flexible formwork, which we call FlexiMold, is a hybrid device that is used manually by following computerized numeric information. The students designed an architectural object which has a complex shape and used this formwork to fabricate it in actual scale. We present the workshop objectives, process and outcomes in this proceeding.
wos WOS:000402063700036
keywords CAAD Education; Human-Numeric Control; Flexible Formwork; Double-Curved Surfaces
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id ecaade2016_ws-intelligent
id ecaade2016_ws-intelligent
authors Baquero, Pablo, Montas, Nelson and Giannopoulou, Effimia
year 2016
title Transformational Intelligent Systems - Parametric Simulation Workshop
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.073
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 73-76
summary This workshop intends to propose a specific kinetic design application, to define an architectural component and to simulate Shape Memory Alloy material behavior. The objective of the workshop is to simulate the experiment before the fabrication, itself aimed to model and anticipate the application's physical behavior traits as a means to preview assembly.
wos WOS:000402063700008
keywords digital simulation; muscle wires; programmable matter; responsive components; kinetic architectural systems
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id ijac201614102
id ijac201614102
authors Cifuentes Quin, Camilo Andre?s
year 2016
title The cybernetic imagination of computational architecture
source International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 14 - no. 1, 16-29
summary Since the publication in 1948 of Norbert Wiener’s Cybernetics, this thought model has exerted a profound influence in contemporary knowledge. Such influence has been decisive for a paradigm shift in the profession of architecture and particularly for the rise of a computational perspective in architectural design. This article explores the link between the cybernetic paradigm and the conception of architectural objects as performative, responsive, intelligent, and sentient artifacts—the visions of buildings that have been central to the development of digital architecture since its early stages. This connection shows that the dominant visions of design problems associated with the development of a computational perspective in architecture have not been exclusively the result of the introduction of computer pragmatics in architectural design. On the contrary, following such scholars as Bruno Latour and Katherine Hayles, these developments must be considered as the result of a particular feedback process that includes technical aspects as well as the definition of design problems around an informational ontology and epistemology. The understanding of the intellectual foundations of digital architecture is crucial not only to promote a critical regard of its productions but to imagine scenarios for a viable cybernetic practice of computer-mediated architectural design.
keywords Architecture, cybernetics, computational design
series journal
last changed 2016/06/13 08:34

_id sigradi2016_585
id sigradi2016_585
authors Cruz, Luciana Eller; Maynardes, Ana Claudia
year 2016
title Tipografia tátil [Tactile typography]
source SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.360-365
summary This paper reports an academic experimental research conducted at the University of Brasilia. The goal of this study is to develop a product that allows to mitigate the restricted access to visual content such as the study of typography for vision impaired people. Plaques were constructed with input letters in different typefaces making a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional object that can be perceived haptically. The modules were presented to visually impaired people who identified the specific characteristics presented.
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id ecaade2016_208
id ecaade2016_208
authors Dounas, Theodoros and Spaeth, Benjamin
year 2016
title Ubiquitous Digital Repositories In the Design Studio - A Case study
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.241
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 241-249
summary The paper investigates the usability and effect of a ubiquitous digital repository in the architectural design process. Acknowledging the post-digital era where students work with diverse media either digital or analogue, the project explores the suitability of a digital log in augmenting conceptual thinking, feedback provision and intellectual exchange by means of a studio in an architectural undergraduate course. Students integrate a digital log into their workflow resolving a design task of an architectural studio. A server-based repository serves as students' individual archive as well as a share-point for peer-students' informal exchange and tutors' feedback. The conclusion of the study is that sketching and organization habits from the analog media the students have learned persist even with a more digitally inclined generation. The use of digital tools that obliterate the analog-digital division, holding the best of both worlds are still subject to the constraints of timely introduction in the curriculum, cultural resistance in terms of organization of a project and more so void of experimentation in their use by students.
keywords digital repositories; Design Studio; hybrid media
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id acadia16_352
id acadia16_352
authors Farahi, Behnaz
year 2016
title Caress of the Gaze: A Gaze Actuated 3D Printed Body Architecture
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2016.352
source ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines [Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-77095-5] Ann Arbor 27-29 October, 2016, pp. 352-361
summary This paper describes the design process behind Caress of the Gaze, a project that represents a new approach to the design of a gaze-actuated, 3D printed body architecture—as a form of proto-architectural study—providing a framework for an interactive dynamic design. The design process engages with three main issues. Firstly, it aims to look at form or geometry as a means of controlling material behavior by exploring the tectonic properties of multi-material 3D printing technologies. Secondly, it addresses novel actuation systems by using Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) in order to achieve life-like behavior. Thirdly, it explores the possibility of engaging with interactive systems by investigating how our clothing could interact with other people as a primary interface, using vision-based eye-gaze tracking technologies. In so doing, this paper describes a radically alternative approach not only to the production of garments but also to the ways we interact with the world around us. Therefore, the paper addresses the emerging field of shape-changing 3D printed structures and interactive systems that bridge the worlds of robotics, architecture, technology, and design.
keywords eye-gaze tracking, interactive design, 3d printing, smart material, programmable matter, embedded responsiveness
series ACADIA
type paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:55

_id acadia16_478
id acadia16_478
authors Franzke, Luke; Rossi, Dino; Franinovic, Karmen
year 2016
title Fluid Morphologies: Hydroactive Polymers for Responsive Architecture
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2016.478
source ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines [Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-77095-5] Ann Arbor 27-29 October, 2016, pp. 478-487
summary This paper describes Hydroactive Polymers (HAPs), a novel way of combining shape-changing Electroactive Polymers (EAPs) and water for potential design and architectural explorations. We present a number of experiments together with the Fluid Morphologies installation, which demonstrated the materials through an interactive and sensory experience. We frame our research within the context of both material science and design/architecture projects that engage the unique material properties of EAPs. A detailed description of the design and fabrication process is given, followed by a discussion of material limitations and potential for improving robustness and production. We demonstrate fluid manipulation of light and shadow that would be impossible to achieve with traditional electromechanical actuators. Through the development of this new actuator, we have attempted to advance the accessibility of programmable materials for designers and architects to conduct hands-on experiments and prototypes. We thus conclude that the HAP modules hold a previously unexplored yet promising potential for a new kind of shape-changing, liquid-based architecture
keywords active materials, electroactive polymers, programmable materials, embedded responsiveness
series ACADIA
type paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50

_id ascaad2016_050
id ascaad2016_050
authors Gharbi, Asma; Ferdaws Belcadhi and Abdelkader Ben Saci
year 2016
title Morphological Taxonomy As a Methodological Tool of Form Manipulation
source Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 493-502
summary The paper presents taxonomy as a methodological tool which serves to better understand the architectural morphose (act of giving shape), and its contribution to form manipulation, produced through a morpho-digital combination. The interest is to exploit digital processes to decipher an underlying architectural grammar. It is thus a matter of releasing the morphological knowledge in conformations (observed forms’ system). This orientation stipulates that the produced shape results from a system of morphose which we can formalize and understand by the identification of the structural attributes and the organizational logic, as well as the inherent morphological laws of generation. We stipulate that the interest of our morpho-digital method is the characterization and the development of a constructive morphological model governed by internal relations. Thus, a collection of dwelling buildings is characterized by both the morphology decomposition and the morphometric study. Based on the questions about the form produced, the method promotes a creative situation in the field of architectural design.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2017/05/25 13:33

_id sigradi2016_512
id sigradi2016_512
authors Griz, Cristiana; Mendes, Letícia; Amorim, Luiz; Holanda, Maria Augusta; Carvalho, Thais
year 2016
title O meu modo de morar: uma gramática para reformar projetos de apartamentos [My way of living: a grammar to reform apartment projects]
source SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.727-733
summary This paper presents part of the results of an investigation which main goal is to propose strategies to guide the design of high standards apartment projects, in order to facilitate the implementation of reforms. The starting point came from a research which measured how projects proposed by the real estate market (Original Projects - OPs) were customized, resulting in Reformed Projects (RPs). This step is dedicated to the development of the Reform Grammar (GR), which, although it purports to guide future reforms, goals to identify reform patterns most used in the customization process.
keywords Shape grammar; Apartment projects; Ways of living
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id sigradi2016_488
id sigradi2016_488
authors Gutiérrez, Claudio Araneda; Laurie, Braulio Gaticas
year 2016
title Hacia una Instantánea Urbana. Captura, Lectura y Manejo Automático de Información en Forma de Personas a Partir de Registros Videográficos a Nivel de Observador [Towards an Urban Instant. Automatic Reading of Information in the Shape of People at Observer Level]
source SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.625-629
summary People detection remains a challenging field within computer vision, the focus being placed mainly on the quantification of discreet amount of people. This paper reports on the progress related to the Urban Instant Project and deals specifically with a first attempt at automatically detecting and quantifying the continuous amount of people present in any given video record of the same format taken from a walking observer point of view. In order to do so, we use the optical flow approach to image reading. This yields a first quantification of information in the shape of people within the total field of vision.
keywords Urban Instant; People Detection; Computer Vision; Observer; Phenomenology
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id ascaad2016_029
id ascaad2016_029
authors Hassan, Ramzi; Frode Saetre and Knut Andreas Oyvang
year 2016
title Trends and Practices Using 3D Visualizations for Large-Scale Landscape Projects in Norway
source Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 269-274
summary New advances in 3D modelling and visualization tools for large-scale landscape and construction projects have been achieved recently. The introduction of the new 3D digital modelling and visualization tools, e.g. CAD, VR, GIS and BIM initiated a huge shift in the way planners and designers develop, communicate and present project scenarios. This paper outlines the challenges, new trends and workflows connected to the use of new tools and how it’s been practiced and experienced by professionals and stakeholders as observed in Norway. The observation shows that the latest developments are providing new potentials for performing better communication and collaboration. Planners could now demonstrate many aspects of a project which exceed the usual minimum requirements. An important functionality is the capability to work with huge amount of data-sets for large-scale projects which were previously almost impossible to work with.
series ASCAAD
email
last changed 2017/05/25 13:31

_id caadria2016_085
id caadria2016_085
authors Ji, Guohua
year 2016
title Digital Generation of Chinese Ice-Ray Lattice Designs
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.085
source Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 85-94
summary Being a rich source of geometric forms, Chinese lattice de- signs have interested some scholars. With shape grammar and algo- rithmic approaches, the generation of Chinese lattice designs has been achieved except for that of irregular interdependently structured ice- ray designs. This paper introduced an algorithmic approach to solve the problem. The algorithm includes crack-track presetting, crack- track cutting, crack correcting, and bad shape disposing, realized by programming with Grasshopper VB script component.
keywords Ice-ray; algorithm; designs; generation
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id ecaade2016_037
id ecaade2016_037
authors Khabazi, Zubin and Budig, Michael
year 2016
title Adaptive Fabrication - Cellular Concrete Casting Using Digital Moulds
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.083
source Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 83-92
summary Computational design and digital fabrication have expanded the use of digital manufacturing machineries for the realization of architecture, yet they have their own limitations of material use. These limitations caused some materials like cement, plaster and clay become marginal in this new digital context, despite their vast use in the building industry. In this context, this paper will present a research, focusing on the use of concrete through the development of a custom-designed device, which is an adjustable digital mould. This digital mould has been designed specifically for a project called Procrystalline Wall and has been 'adapted' to the conditions of its agenda in terms of size, shape, typology, and even technical matters. However, this adaptability means that the device is not aimed to work for any other project and remain exclusive to this particular design only. This paper will further discuss the validity and obstacles of the presented method in a more global context.
wos WOS:000402063700010
keywords Concrete Fabrication; Digital Casting; Digital Adjustable Mould; Cellular Concrete Casting; Cellular Solid Morphologies
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

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