Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	ecaade2017_144
id	ecaade2017_144
authors	Lange, Christian J.
year	2017
title	Elements \| robotic interventions II
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2017.1.671
source	Fioravanti, A, Cursi, S, Elahmar, S, Gargaro, S, Loffreda, G, Novembri, G, Trento, A (eds.), ShoCK! - Sharing Computational Knowledge! - Proceedings of the 35th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 20-22 September 2017, pp. 671-678
summary	Reviewing the current research trends in robotic fabrication around the world, the trajectory promises new opportunities for innovation in Architecture and the possible redefinition of the role of the Architect in the industry itself. New entrepreneurial, innovative start-ups are popping up everywhere challenging the traditional model of the architect. However, it also poses new questions and challenges in the education of the architect today. What are the appropriate pedagogical methods to instill enthusiasm for new technologies, materials, and craft? How do we avoid the pure application of pre-set tools, such as the use of the laser cutter has become, which in many schools around the world has caused problems rather than solving problems? How do we teach students to invent their tools especially in a society that doesn't have a strong background in the making? The primary focus of this paper is on how architectural CAAD/ CAM education through the use of robotic fabrication can enhance student's understanding, passion and knowledge of materiality, technology, and craftsmanship. The paper is based on the pedagogical set-up and method of an M. Arch I studio that was taught by the author in fall 2016 with the focus on robotic fabrication, materiality, traditional timber construction systems, tool design and digital and physical craftsmanship.
keywords	CAAD Education, Digital Technology, Craftsmanship, Material Studies, Tool Design, Parametric Modeling, Robotic Fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	sigradi2016_448
id	sigradi2016_448
authors	Afsari, Kereshmeh; Eastman, Charles M.; Shelden, Dennis R.
year	2016
title	Data Transmission Opportunities for Collaborative Cloud-Based Building Information Modeling
source	SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.907-913
summary	Collaboration within Building Information Modeling process is mainly based on file transfer while BIM data being exchanged in either vendor specific file formats or neutral format using Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). However, since the Web enables Cloud-based BIM services, it provides an opportunity to exchange data via Web transfer services. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to investigate what features of Cloud interoperability can assist a network-based BIM data transmission for a collaborative work flow in the Architecture, Construction, and Engineering (AEC) industry. This study indicates that Cloud-BIM interoperability needs to deploy major components such as APIs, data transfer protocols, data formats, and standardization to redefine BIM data flow in the Cloud and to reshape the collaboration process.
keywords	BIM; Cloud Computing; Data Transmission; Interoperability; IFC
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	caadria2016_797
id	caadria2016_797
authors	Agusti?-Juan, Isolda and Guillaume Habert
year	2016
title	An environmental perspective on digital fabrication in architecture and construction
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.797
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 797-806
summary	Digital fabrication processes and technologies are becom- ing an essential part of the modern product manufacturing. As the use of 3D printing grows, potential applications into large scale processes are emerging. The combined methods of computational design and robotic fabrication have demonstrated potential to expand architectur- al design. However, factors such as material use, energy demands, du- rability, GHG emissions and waste production must be recognized as the priorities over the entire life of any architectural project. Given the recent developments at architecture scale, this study aims to investi- gate the environmental consequences and opportunities of digital fab- rication in construction. This paper presents two case studies of classic building elements digitally fabricated. In each case study, the projects were assessed according to the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) frame- work and compared with conventional construction with similar func- tion. The analysis highlighted the importance of material-efficient de- sign to achieve high environmental benefits in digitally fabricated architecture. The knowledge established in this research should be di- rected to the development of guidelines that help designers to make more sustainable choices in the implementation of digital fabrication in architecture and construction.
keywords	Digital fabrication; LCA; sustainability; environment
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ascaad2016_014
id	ascaad2016_014
authors	Ahmed, Zeeshan Y.; Freek P. Bos, Rob J.M. Wolfs and Theo A.M. Salet
year	2016
title	Design Considerations Due to Scale Effects in 3D Concrete Printing
source	Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 115-124
summary	The effect of scale on different parameters of the 3D printing of concrete is explored through the design and fabrication of a 3D concrete printed pavilion. This study shows a significant gap exists between what can be generated through computer aided design (CAD) and subsequent computer aided manufacturing (generally based on CNC technology). In reality, the 3D concrete printing on the one hand poses manufacturing constraints (e.g. minimum curvature radii) due to material behaviour that is not included in current CAD/CAM software. On the other hand, the process also takes advantage of material behaviour and thus allows the creation of shapes and geometries that, too, can’t be modelled and predicted by CAD/CAM software. Particularly in the 3D printing of concrete, there is not a 1:1 relation between toolpath and printed product, as is the case with CNC milling. Material deposition is dependent on system pressure, robot speed, nozzle section, layer stacking, curvature and more – all of which are scale dependent. This paper will discuss the design and manufacturing decisions based on the effects of scale on the structural design, printed and layered geometry, robot kinematics, material behaviour, assembly joints and logistical problems. Finally, by analysing a case study pavilion, it will be explore how 3D concrete printing structures can be extended and multiplied across scales and functional domains ranging from structural to architectural elements, so that we can understand how to address questions of scale in their design.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2017/05/25 13:31

_id	ascaad2016_052
id	ascaad2016_052
authors	Al-Badry, Sally; Cesar Cheng, Sebastian Lundberg and Georgios Berdos
year	2016
title	Living on the Edge - Reinventing the amphibiotic habitat of the Mesopotamian Marshlands
source	Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 513-526
summary	The Mesopotamian Marshlands form one of the first landscapes where people started to transform and manipulate the natural environment in order to sustain human habitation. For thousands of years, people have transformed natural ecosystems into agricultural fields, residential clusters and other agglomerated environments to sustain long-term settlement. In this way, the development of human society has been intricately linked to the extraction, processing and consumption of natural resources. The Mesopotamian Marshlands, located in one of the hottest and most arid areas on the planet, formed a unique wetlands ecosystem, which apart from millions of people, sustained a very high number of wildlife and endemic species. Several historical, political, social and climatic changes, which densely occurred during the past century, completely destroyed the unique civilisation of the area, made all the wild flora and fauna disappear and forced hundreds of thousands of people to migrate. During the last decade, many efforts have been made to restore the marshlands. However, these efforts are lacking a comprehensive design strategy, coherent goals and deep understanding of the complex current geopolitical situation, making the restoration process an extremely difficult task. This work aims at providing strategies for recovering the Mesopotamian Marshlands, organising productive functions in order to sustain the local population and design a new inhabitation model, using advanced computational tools while taking into account the extreme climatic conditions and several unique cultural aspects. Part of the aim of this work is to advance the use of computation and explore the opportunities that digital tools afford in helping find solutions to complex design problems where various design variables need to be coordinated to satisfy the design goals. Today, advanced computation enables designers to use population consumption demands, ecological processes and environmental inputs as design parameters to develop more robust and resilient regional planning strategies. This work has the double aim of first, presenting a framework for re-inhabiting the Marshlands of Mesopotamia. Second, the work suggests a design methodology based on computer-aided design for developing and organising productive functions and patterns of human occupation in wetland environments.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2017/05/25 13:34

_id	sigradi2016_440
id	sigradi2016_440
authors	Amorim, Arivaldo Le?o de
year	2016
title	Cidades Inteligentes e City Information Modeling [Smart Cities and City Information Modeling]
source	SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.481-488
summary	This paper presents and discusses the relationship between the concepts of Smart Cities and City Information Modeling (CIM). It conveys the notion that these are complementary and not competing concepts, as one might think at first glance. On the other hand, the paper demonstrates the importance of these concepts to overcome the challenges to the cities of the 21st century, from findings contained in official documents published by the United Nations (UN), to analyze the growth of world population and the emergence of new cities to house population groups. Finally, this paper argues that the CIM with an inducing factor for the Smart City is an important resource to help improve the quality of life in cities.
keywords	Smart Cities; City Information Modeling; Sustainability; Cities of the Future; Information Modeling
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	ascaad2016_022
id	ascaad2016_022
authors	Birge, David; Sneha Mandhan and Alan Berger
year	2016
title	Dynamic Simulation of Neighborhood Water Use - A case study of Emirati neighborhoods in Abu Dhabi, UAE
source	Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 197-206
summary	Being located in a hot, humid and arid bioregion, as well as having a unique religious and social context, the Gulf Cooperation Council cities pose significant challenges to the achievement of sustainable urban development. Using native neighborhoods in Abu Dhabi as a case study, this ongoing research aims to develop a design methodology which utilizes both qualitative and quantitative analysis towards the holistic, feedback driven design of new neighborhood typologies for the native population. This paper focuses on the methodology and application of a water use module which measures neighborhood scale indoor and outdoor water use, an area of simulation critical to developing sustainable neighborhoods for Arab cities, yet underrepresented within the literature. The water module comprises one part of a larger toolkit that aims to measure both environmental sustainability as well as social and cultural factors unique to the context of Abu Dhabi and the gulf region.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2017/05/25 13:31

_id	caadria2016_125
id	caadria2016_125
authors	Chen, I-Chih and June-Hao Hou
year	2016
title	Design with bamboo bend: Bridging natural material and computational design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.125
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 125-133
summary	Bamboo is a high potential alternative solution for substi- tuting industrial material with its natural characteristics, economical and environmental aspects. However, one of the biggest challenges for natural materials to be used in computational designed is the control- lability due to its unevenness nature. The other gap is the lack of ma- terial parameters that might be bridged by analysing data acquired from conventional tests. This research studied the raw bamboo strip and its natural forming from bending, by using sampling points and curvature reconstruction. The parametric models of bamboo strips were then constructed to represent its material behaviours for form prediction, material selection, and simulation in parametric design. It also serves as an assistive method for material selection when crafting with bamboo bend.
keywords	Bamboo; bending; material computation; digital crafting
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia18_404
id	acadia18_404
authors	Clifford, Brandon; McGee, Wes
year	2018
title	Cyclopean Cannibalism. A method for recycling rubble
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2018.404
source	ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 404-413
summary	Each year, the United States discards 375 million tons of concrete construction debris to landfills (U.S. EPA 2016), but this is a new paradigm. Past civilizations cannibalized their constructions to produce new architectures (Hopkins 2005). This paper interrogates one cannibalistic methodology from the past known as cyclopean masonry in order to translate this valuable method into a contemporary digital procedure. The work contextualizes the techniques of this method and situates them into procedural recipes which can be applied in contemporary construction. A full-scale prototype is produced utilizing the described method; demolition debris is gathered, scanned, and processed through an algorithmic workflow. Each rubble unit is then minimally carved by a robotic arm and set to compose a new architecture from discarded rubble debris. The prototype merges ancient construction thinking with digital design and fabrication methodologies. It poses material cannibalism as a means of combating excessive construction waste generation.
keywords	full paper, cyclopean, algorithmic, robotic fabrication, stone, shape grammars, computation
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	sigradi2016_805
id	sigradi2016_805
authors	Cormack, Jordan; Sweet, Kevin S.
year	2016
title	Parametrically Fabricated Joints: Creating a Digital Workflow
source	SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.412-417
summary	Timber joinery for furniture and architectural purpose has always been identified as a skill or craft. The craft is the demonstration of hand machined skill and precision which is passed down or developed through the iteration of creation and refined reflection. Using digital fabrication techniques provides new, typically unexplored ways of creating and designing joints. It is as if these limitations which bind the ratio of complexity and use are stretched. This means that these joints, from a technical standpoint, can be more advanced than historically hand-made joints as digital machines are not bound by the limitations of the human. The research investigated in this paper explores the ability to create sets of joints in a parametric environment that will be produced with CNC machines, thus redefining the idea of the joint through contemporary tools of creation and fabrication. The research also aims to provide a seamless, digital workflow from the flexible, parametric creation of the joint to the final physical fabrication of it. Traditional joints, more simple in shape and assembly, were first digitally created to ease the educational challenges of learning a computational workflow that entailed the creation and fabrication of geometrically programmed joints. Following the programming and manufacturing of these traditional joints, more advanced and complex joints were created as the understanding of the capabilities of the software and CNC machines developed. The more complex and varied joints were taken from a CAD virtual environment and tested on a 3-axis CNC machine and 3D printer. The transformation from the virtual environment to the physical highlighted areas that required further research and testing. The programmed joint was then refined using the feedback from the digital to physical process creating a more robust joint that was informed by reality.
keywords	Joinery; digital fabrication; parametric; scripting; machining
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	caadria2016_415
id	caadria2016_415
authors	Crolla, Kristof and Adam Fingrut
year	2016
title	Protocol of Error: The design and construction of a bending-active gridshell from natural bamboo
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.415
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 415-424
summary	This paper advocates alternative methods to overcome the impossibility of realising ‘perfect’ digital designs. It discusses Hong Kong’s 2015 ‘ZCB Bamboo Pavilion’ as a methodological case study for the design and construction of architecture from unprocessed natu- ral bamboo. The paper critically evaluates protocols set up to deal with errors resulting from precise digital design systems merging with inconsistent natural resources and onsite craftsmanship. The paper starts with the geometric and tectonic description of the project, illus- trating a complex and restrictive construction context. Bamboo’s unique growth pattern, structural build-up and suitability as a bending- active material are discussed and Cantonese bamboo scaffolding craftsmanship is addressed as a starting point for the project. The pa- per covers protocols, construction drawings and assembly methods developed to allow for the incorporation and of large building toler- ances and dimensional variation of bamboo. The final as-built 3d scanned structure is compared with the original digital model. The pa- per concludes by discussing the necessity of computational architec- tural design to proactively operate within a field of real-world inde- terminacy, to focus on the development of protocols that deal with imperfections, and to redirect design from the virtual world towards the latent opportunities of the physical.
keywords	Bamboo; bending-active gridshells; physics simulation; form-finding; indeterminacy
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2023_138
id	ecaade2023_138
authors	Crolla, Kristof and Wong, Nichol
year	2023
title	Catenary Wooden Roof Structures: Precedent knowledge for future algorithmic design and construction optimisation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.611
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 611–620
summary	The timber industry is expanding, including construction wood product applications such as glue-laminated wood products (R. Sikkema et al., 2023). To boost further utilisation of engineered wood products in architecture, further development and optimisation of related tectonic systems is required. Integration of digital design technologies in this endeavour presents opportunities for a more performative and spatially diverse architecture production, even in construction contexts typified by limited means and/or resources. This paper reports on historic precedent case study research that informs an ongoing larger study focussing on novel algorithmic methods for the design and production of lightweight, large-span, catenary glulam roof structures. Given their structural operation in full tension, catenary-based roof structures substantially reduce material needs when compared with those relying on straight beams (Wong and Crolla, 2019). Yet, the manufacture of their non-standard geometries typically requires costly bespoke hardware setups, having resulted in recent projects trending away from the more spatially engaging geometric experiments of the second half of the 20th century. The study hypothesis that the evolutionary design optimisation of this tectonic system has the potential to re-open and expand its practically available design solution space. This paper covers the review of a range of built projects employing catenary glulam roof system, starting from seminal historic precedents like the Festival Hall for the Swiss National Exhibition EXPO 1964 (A. Lozeron, Swiss, 1964) and the Wilkhahn Pavilions (Frei Otto, Germany, 1987), to contemporary examples, including the Grandview Heights Aquatic Centre (HCMA Architecture + Design, Canada, 2016). It analysis their structural concept, geometric and spatial complexity, fabrication and assembly protocols, applied construction detailing solutions, and more, with as aim to identify methods, tools, techniques, and construction details that can be taken forward in future research aimed at minimising construction complexity. Findings from this precedent study form the basis for the evolutionary-algorithmic design and construction method development that is part of the larger study. By expanding the tectonic system’s practically applicable architecture design solution space and facilitating architects’ access to a low-tech producible, spatially versatile, lightweight, eco-friendly, wooden roof structure typology, this study contributes to environmentally sustainable building.
keywords	Precedent Studies, Light-weight architecture, Timber shell, Catenary, Algorithmic Optimisation, Glue-laminated timber
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	acadia16_206
id	acadia16_206
authors	Devadass, Pradeep; Dailami, Farid; Mollica, Zachary; Self, Martin
year	2016
title	Robotic Fabrication of Non-Standard Material
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2016.x.g4f
source	ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines [Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-77095-5] Ann Arbor 27-29 October, 2016, pp
summary	This paper illustrates a fabrication methodology through which the inherent form of large non-linear timber components was exploited in the Wood Chip Barn project by the students of Design + Make at the Architectural Association’s Hooke Park campus. Twenty distinct Y-shaped forks are employed with minimal machining in the construction of a structural truss for the building. Through this workflow, low-value branched sections of trees are transformed into complex and valuable building components using non-standard technologies. Computational techniques, including parametric algorithms and robotic fabrication methods, were used for execution of the project. The paper addresses the various challenges encountered while processing irregular material, as well as limitations of the robotic tools. Custom algorithms, codes, and post-processors were developed and integrated with existing software packages to compensate for drawbacks of industrial and parametric platforms. The project demonstrates and proves a new methodology for working with complex, large geometries which still results in a low cost, time- and quality-efficient process.
keywords	parametric design, craft in digital communication, digital fabrication, sensate systems
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	sigradi2016_777
id	sigradi2016_777
authors	Dokonal, Wolfgang; Knight, Mike; Dengg, Ernst
year	2016
title	VR or not VR – an eeZee question?
source	SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.831-837
summary	Virtual Reality (VR) software has developed to the point where, for the architect who is averagely technically adept, it can be incorporated into the design process with reasonable effort and costs. For VR to be an effective design tool, it must add value to the design process and should give insights and opportunities not available by other methods. Previous research by the authors reported on the results of an international student workshop, which focused on both the workflow, and the spatial perception that users experienced. In this paper, we continue to explore the question: “Can low cost VR be an effective addition to the architects’ design toolbox, or does it still remain a “far-fetched, high-tech expensive folly?” We will be assessing both the practicality of integrating VR into the design workflow and the spatial perception of the designer when interacting with the model. We are experimenting with additional interface tools for the new low cost Head Mounted Displays.
keywords	Virtual reality; Google Cardboard; Low cost interface; Oculus Rift
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	ascaad2016_056
id	ascaad2016_056
authors	Dutt, Florina; Subhajit Das
year	2016
title	Geospatial Tool Evaluating Job Location Mismatch, Based on Available Workforce and Transit Options - Evaluating property location in a city using large-scale datasets
source	Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 557-566
summary	The paper addresses the issue of spatial mismatch of jobs and the accessibility to job locations based on different age, income and industry group. Taking Atlanta as a case study, we developed a geospatial analysis tool enabling developers, the city planning bureau and the residents to identify potential sites of redevelopment with better economic development opportunities. It also aids to find potential location to live with respect to user’s choices for transit options, walkability, job location and proximity to chosen land use. We built our model on a block level in the city, imparting them a score, visualizing the data as a heat map. The metrics to compute the score included proximity to job, proximity to worker’s residence, transit availability, walkability and number of landmark elements near the site. We worked with Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) Data along with residence area characteristics (RAC) and work place area characteristic (WAC) data sets, where the total number of data-points was over 3 million. It was challenging for us to optimize computation such that the prototype performs statistical analysis and updates visualization in real time. The research further is prototyped as a web application leveraging Leaflet’s Open Street Maps API and D3 visualization plugin. The research showed that there is a high degree of spatial mismatch between home and job locations with very few jobs with driving distance within 5 -10 miles with limited transit options in Atlanta. Further, it showed that low-earning workers need to travel significantly larger distance for work compared to higher class.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2017/05/25 13:34

_id	cdrf2023_526
id	cdrf2023_526
authors	Eric Peterson, Bhavleen Kaur
year	2023
title	Printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic Multi-Bias Additive Manufacturing
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_44
source	Proceedings of the 2023 DigitalFUTURES The 5st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2023)
summary	A research team at Florida International University Robotics and Digital Fabrication Lab has developed a novel method for 3d-printing curved open grid core sandwich structures using a thermoplastic extruder mounted on a robotic arm. This print-on-print additive manufacturing (AM) method relies on the 3d modeling software Rhinoceros and its parametric software plugin Grasshopper with Kuka-Parametric Robotic Control (Kuka-PRC) to convert NURBS surfaces into multi-bias additive manufacturing (MBAM) toolpaths. While several high-profile projects including the University of Stuttgart ICD/ITKE Research Pavilions 2014–15 and 2016–17, ETH-Digital Building Technologies project Levis Ergon Chair 2018, and 3D printed chair using Robotic Hybrid Manufacturing at Institute of Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) 2019, have previously demonstrated the feasibility of 3d printing with either MBAM or sandwich structures, this method for printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic MBAM combines these methods offering the possibility to significantly reduce the weight of spanning or cantilevered surfaces by incorporating the structural logic of open grid-core sandwiches with MBAM toolpath printing. Often built with fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), sandwich structures are a common solution for thin wall construction of compound curved surfaces that require a high strength-to-weight ratio with applications including aerospace, wind energy, marine, automotive, transportation infrastructure, architecture, furniture, and sports equipment manufacturing. Typical practices for producing sandwich structures are labor intensive, involving a multi-stage process including (1) the design and fabrication of a mould, (2) the application of a surface substrate such as FRP, (3) the manual application of a light-weight grid-core material, and (4) application of a second surface substrate to complete the sandwich. There are several shortcomings to this moulded manufacturing method that affect both the formal outcome and the manufacturing process: moulds are often costly and labor intensive to build, formal geometric freedom is limited by the minimum draft angles required for successful removal from the mould, and customization and refinement of product lines can be limited by the need for moulds. While the most common material for this construction method is FRP, our proof-of-concept experiments relied on low-cost thermoplastic using a specially configured pellet extruder. While the method proved feasible for small representative examples there remain significant challenges to the successful deployment of this manufacturing method at larger scales that can only be addressed with additional research. The digital workflow includes the following steps: (1) Create a 3D digital model of the base surface in Rhino, (2) Generate toolpaths for laminar printing in Grasshopper by converting surfaces into lists of oriented points, (3) Generate the structural grid-core using the same process, (4) Orient the robot to align in the direction of the substructure geometric planes, (5) Print the grid core using MBAM toolpaths, (6) Repeat step 1 and 2 for printing the outer surface with appropriate adjustments to the extruder orientation. During the design and printing process, we encountered several challenges including selecting geometry suitable for testing, extruder orientation, calibration of the hot end and extrusion/movement speeds, and deviation between the computer model and the physical object on the build platen. Physical models varied from their digital counterparts by several millimeters due to material deformation in the extrusion and cooling process. Real-time deviation verification studies will likely improve the workflow in future studies.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:04

_id	caadria2016_549
id	caadria2016_549
authors	Fischer, Thomas and Christiane M. Herr
year	2016
title	Parametric Customisation of A 3D Concrete Printed Pavilion
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.549
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 549-558
summary	Advances in 3D printing technology have reached architectural scales with 3D concrete printing, a digitally controlled fabrication process in which fibre-reinforced concrete is deposited layer-by-layer to fabricate building elements. In this paper we present a brief overview of key concrete 3D printing related research development efforts, followed by a report on a research project into the parametric online customisation and fabrication of small 3D concrete printed pavilions. The research project is set in, and addresses possibilities and constraints of, the developing local Chinese construction context.
keywords	3D concrete printing; parametric design; digital fabrication; online customisation; China
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	sigradi2016_441
id	sigradi2016_441
authors	Flor?ncio, Eduardo Quintella; Ferreira Segundo, Dilson Batista; Quintella, Ivvy Pedrosa Cavalcante Pessôa
year	2016
title	O futuro do processo construtivo? A impress?o 3d em concreto e seu impacto na concepç?o e produç?o da arquitetura [The future of constructive process? The 3d concrete printing and its impact on architectural conception and production]
source	SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.305-309
summary	This article aims to discuss the 3D concrete printing technology for use in construction, which promises to generate economic gains and benefits for the environment. It also search for a potential impact of this technology over the current architecture design and construction methods, assessing its viability opposite the context of the research and practical construction in Brazil. From the partial results of the analysis, listed out to potential and difficulties related to the implementation of this technology.
keywords	3D concrete printing; automated construction; digital fabrication
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

_id	ascaad2016_029
id	ascaad2016_029
authors	Hassan, Ramzi; Frode Saetre and Knut Andreas Oyvang
year	2016
title	Trends and Practices Using 3D Visualizations for Large-Scale Landscape Projects in Norway
source	Parametricism Vs. Materialism: Evolution of Digital Technologies for Development [8th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings ISBN 978-0-9955691-0-2] London (United Kingdom) 7-8 November 2016, pp. 269-274
summary	New advances in 3D modelling and visualization tools for large-scale landscape and construction projects have been achieved recently. The introduction of the new 3D digital modelling and visualization tools, e.g. CAD, VR, GIS and BIM initiated a huge shift in the way planners and designers develop, communicate and present project scenarios. This paper outlines the challenges, new trends and workflows connected to the use of new tools and how it’s been practiced and experienced by professionals and stakeholders as observed in Norway. The observation shows that the latest developments are providing new potentials for performing better communication and collaboration. Planners could now demonstrate many aspects of a project which exceed the usual minimum requirements. An important functionality is the capability to work with huge amount of data-sets for large-scale projects which were previously almost impossible to work with.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2017/05/25 13:31

_id	sigradi2016_546
id	sigradi2016_546
authors	Hernández, Silvia Patricia; Boccolini, Sara Maria; Chaves, Cristina; Genero, María Angeles; Mari, Belén; Ron, Lucia
year	2016
title	Trabajo conjunto inter/transdisciplinario para una propuesta concreta que dialoga con la sociedad y su medio. Citycrowdcreating [Cross-disciplinary work for a concrete proposal that interacts with society and the environment. Citycrowdcreating]
source	SIGraDi 2016 [Proceedings of the 20th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-956-7051-86-1] Argentina, Buenos Aires 9 - 11 November 2016, pp.926-930
summary	Working in pairs is collective collaboration. The collective intelligence, crowdthinking and its variations are part of today's language. Based on this concept, we propose to fill empty spaces from the current communication of culture from Goverment of Córdoba. There is an information movement and events in conection to crowd. We propose a device, that broadcasts the contents of the hashtag: #quetenemoshoy, making it more popular, and in everyone's range. We set out a collaboration situation, with a concrete proposal, that includes dialogue with its surroundings. Articulating knowledge from different disciplines, between the goverment and the residents. Following neologism from Gutiérrez-Rubí y Freire (2013),we propose will be CITY-CROWD-CREATING.
keywords	CrowdCreating; Microarchitecture; Inclusive; Communication
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2021/03/28 19:58

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