Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	ijac201614104
id	ijac201614104
authors	Wood, Dylan Marx; David Correa, Oliver David Krieg and Achim Menges
year	2016
title	Material computation—4D timber construction: Towards building-scale hygroscopic actuated, self-constructing timber surfaces
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 14 - no. 1, 49-62
summary	The implementation of active and responsive materials in architecture and construction allows for the replacement of digitally controlled mechanisms with material-based systems that can be designed and programmed with the capacity to compute and execute a behavioral response. The programming of such systems with increasingly specific response requires a material-driven computational design and fabrication strategy. This research presents techniques and technologies for significantly upscaling hygroscopically actuated timber-based systems for use as self-constructing building surfaces. The timber’s integrated hygroscopic characteristics combined with computational design techniques and existing digital fabrication methods allow for a designed processing and reassembly of discrete wood elements into large-scale multi element bilayer surfaces. This material assembly methodology enables the design and control of the encoded direction and magnitude of humidity-actuated responsive curvature at an expanded scale. Design, simulation, and material assembly tests are presented together with formal and functional configurations that incorporate self-constructing and self-rigidizing surface strategies. The presented research and prototypes initiate a shift toward a large-scale, self-construction methodology.
keywords	Hygroscopic, self-forming, computational design, autonomous actuation, wood structures
series	journal
last changed	2016/06/13 08:34

_id	caadria2016_797
id	caadria2016_797
authors	Agusti?-Juan, Isolda and Guillaume Habert
year	2016
title	An environmental perspective on digital fabrication in architecture and construction
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 797-806
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.797
summary	Digital fabrication processes and technologies are becom- ing an essential part of the modern product manufacturing. As the use of 3D printing grows, potential applications into large scale processes are emerging. The combined methods of computational design and robotic fabrication have demonstrated potential to expand architectur- al design. However, factors such as material use, energy demands, du- rability, GHG emissions and waste production must be recognized as the priorities over the entire life of any architectural project. Given the recent developments at architecture scale, this study aims to investi- gate the environmental consequences and opportunities of digital fab- rication in construction. This paper presents two case studies of classic building elements digitally fabricated. In each case study, the projects were assessed according to the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) frame- work and compared with conventional construction with similar func- tion. The analysis highlighted the importance of material-efficient de- sign to achieve high environmental benefits in digitally fabricated architecture. The knowledge established in this research should be di- rected to the development of guidelines that help designers to make more sustainable choices in the implementation of digital fabrication in architecture and construction.
keywords	Digital fabrication; LCA; sustainability; environment
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia23_v3_39
id	acadia23_v3_39
authors	Goti, Kyriaki; A. Scelsa, Jonathan; Rossi, Natalia; Wang, Wei; Palaci, Arthur
year	2023
title	Bric(k)olage: Spoliated Masonry C+D Waste
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 3: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference for the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9891764-1-0]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 24-32.
summary	The 2016 US Environmental Protection Agency reported that 23.1 million tons of broken pieces of concrete waste are annually discarded from new construction sites (EPA -2) and in example states in the north american context only 6.6% of C&D concrete is recycled; the rest is thrown out in landfills as it is labeled “contaminated or too hard to process on a large scale.” (CT DOE 25) Relatively little investigation has occurred in how this material could reappear in the architectural project that might honor its intrinsic broken quality as a part of its materiality within a life-cycle of continual usage. This project speaks towards a problematic Habit of the Anthropocene in how we construct buildings placing intrinsic cultural value on new parts over the broken and old due to economic efficiencies.
series	ACADIA
type	field note
email
last changed	2024/04/17 13:59

_id	caadria2016_405
id	caadria2016_405
authors	Liuti, Alessandro; Keryn Liew and Lian Chen Ng
year	2016
title	In(flatable) Mod(uli): Air-buoyant, form-resistant, temporary structures
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 405-414
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.405
summary	Conventional inflatable material systems offer a quick and reversible means of construction, however presenting limitations in terms of adaptability. Conventional, discrete, form-resistant structures feature stability through the complex organisation of discrete ele- ments, however featuring inertias in terms of flexibility and disecon- omies if applied to projects with a short lifespan. This paper discusses an alternative application of inflatable buoyant moduli to a discrete form-resistant structure in order to provide an adaptive installation for temporary events. Numerical and physical models are developed through a series of benchmarks, first, and a design project application eventually. The inherent predictability of this complex system is stud- ied in terms of constructability, costs, flexibility and spatial quality.
keywords	Inflatable; buoyant; form-finding; modular; structure
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	caadria2016_023
id	caadria2016_023
authors	Park, Hyoung-June and Bewketu Kassa
year	2016
title	A Tale of Two Cities: A Cost-driven Design Optimisation in Addis Ababa & Honolulu
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 23-32
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.023
summary	A cost-driven design optimisation is introduced through two case studies: 1) a design prototype of a large scale housing com- munity for social mix of its tenants in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and 2) the one of a luxurious high-rise condominium with maintaining a de- cent level of its maintenance fee in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. For both cases, the computation of the optimisation was performed with re- gards to targeted financial concerns which are as following: 1) mar- keting value, construction cost, and government subsidy (incentives) for the case in Addis Ababa and 2) maintenance fee and construction cost for the case in Honolulu. Design factors are employed as a guide for computational outcomes in the optimisation of both architectural problems. The computational outcomes become the basis for project- ing three-dimensional forms as design alternatives. Its application process is delineated within the integrated environment of parametric modelling applications.
keywords	Optimisation; financial model; social mix; design feasibility; parametric modelling
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	caadria2016_497
id	caadria2016_497
authors	Ryu, Jungrim; Jaehong Jun, Seunghyeon Lee and Seungyeon Choo
year	2016
title	A Study on Development of the IFC-based Indoor Spatial Information for Data Visualisation
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 497-506
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.497
summary	MOLIT authorised Indoor Spatial Information as Basic spa- tial information in 2013. It became a legal evidence for constructing and managing Indoor Spatial Information. Although it has a little ad- vantage to utilise as service level that Indoor Spatial Information by laser scan or measurement, it has a lot of problems such as consuming many resources, requiring additional progresses for inputting Object Information. In conclusion, it is inefficient to utilise for the mainte- nance and domestic AEC/FM field. The purposes of this study is to output Indoor Spatial Information by operating IFC model which based on open BIM and to improve availability of Indoor Spatial In- formation with data visualisation. The open-sources of IFC Exporter, an inner program of Revit, is used to output Indoor Spatial Infor- mation. Directs 3D Library is also operated to visualise Indoor Spatial Information. It is possible to inter-operate between XML format and the objects of Indoor Spatial Information. It can be utilised in various field as well. For example COBie linkage in facility management, construction of geo-database using air-photogrammetry of UA V , the simulation of large-scale military operations and the simulation of large-scale evacuation. The method that is purposed in this study has outstanding advantages such as conformance with national spatial in- formation policy, high level of interoperability as indoor spatial in- formation objects based on IFC, convenience of editing information, light level of data and simplifying progress of producing information.
keywords	Indoor spatial information, data visualisation, open BIM, IFC
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia16_326
id	acadia16_326
authors	Wit, Andrew; Ng, Rashida; Zhang, Cheng; Kim Simon
year	2016
title	Composite Systems for Lightweight Architectures: Case studies in large-scale CFRP winding
source	ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines [Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-77095-5] Ann Arbor 27-29 October, 2016, pp. 326-331
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2016.326
summary	The introduction of lightweight Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) based systems into the discipline of architecture and design has created new opportunities for form, fabrication methodologies and material efficiencies that were previously difficult if not impossible to achieve through the utilization of traditional standardized building materials. No longer constrained by predefined material shapes, nominal dimensions, and conventional construction techniques, individual building components or entire structures can now be fabricated from a single continuous material through a means that best accomplishes the desired formal and structural objectives while creating minimal amounts of construction waste and disposable formwork. This paper investigates the design, fabrication and structural potentials of wound, pre-impregnated CFRP composites in architectural-scale applications through the lens of numeric and craft based composite winding implemented in two unique research projects (rolyPOLY + Cloud Magnet). Fitting into the larger research agenda for the CFRP-based robotic housing prototype currently underway in the “One Day House” initiative, these two projects also function as a proof of concept for CFRP monocoque and gridshell based structural systems. Through a rigorous investigation of these case studies, this paper strives to answer several questions about the integration of pre-impregnated CFRP in future full-scale interventions: What form-finding methodologies lend themselves to working with CFRP? What are the advantages and disadvantages of working with pre-impregnated CFRP tow in large-scale applications? What are efficient methods for the placement of CFRP fiber on-site? As well as how scalable is CFRP?
keywords	form finding, winding, cfrp, embedded responsiveness
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	caadria2016_415
id	caadria2016_415
authors	Crolla, Kristof and Adam Fingrut
year	2016
title	Protocol of Error: The design and construction of a bending-active gridshell from natural bamboo
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 415-424
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.415
summary	This paper advocates alternative methods to overcome the impossibility of realising ‘perfect’ digital designs. It discusses Hong Kong’s 2015 ‘ZCB Bamboo Pavilion’ as a methodological case study for the design and construction of architecture from unprocessed natu- ral bamboo. The paper critically evaluates protocols set up to deal with errors resulting from precise digital design systems merging with inconsistent natural resources and onsite craftsmanship. The paper starts with the geometric and tectonic description of the project, illus- trating a complex and restrictive construction context. Bamboo’s unique growth pattern, structural build-up and suitability as a bending- active material are discussed and Cantonese bamboo scaffolding craftsmanship is addressed as a starting point for the project. The pa- per covers protocols, construction drawings and assembly methods developed to allow for the incorporation and of large building toler- ances and dimensional variation of bamboo. The final as-built 3d scanned structure is compared with the original digital model. The pa- per concludes by discussing the necessity of computational architec- tural design to proactively operate within a field of real-world inde- terminacy, to focus on the development of protocols that deal with imperfections, and to redirect design from the virtual world towards the latent opportunities of the physical.
keywords	Bamboo; bending-active gridshells; physics simulation; form-finding; indeterminacy
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2023_138
id	ecaade2023_138
authors	Crolla, Kristof and Wong, Nichol
year	2023
title	Catenary Wooden Roof Structures: Precedent knowledge for future algorithmic design and construction optimisation
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 611–620
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.611
summary	The timber industry is expanding, including construction wood product applications such as glue-laminated wood products (R. Sikkema et al., 2023). To boost further utilisation of engineered wood products in architecture, further development and optimisation of related tectonic systems is required. Integration of digital design technologies in this endeavour presents opportunities for a more performative and spatially diverse architecture production, even in construction contexts typified by limited means and/or resources. This paper reports on historic precedent case study research that informs an ongoing larger study focussing on novel algorithmic methods for the design and production of lightweight, large-span, catenary glulam roof structures. Given their structural operation in full tension, catenary-based roof structures substantially reduce material needs when compared with those relying on straight beams (Wong and Crolla, 2019). Yet, the manufacture of their non-standard geometries typically requires costly bespoke hardware setups, having resulted in recent projects trending away from the more spatially engaging geometric experiments of the second half of the 20th century. The study hypothesis that the evolutionary design optimisation of this tectonic system has the potential to re-open and expand its practically available design solution space. This paper covers the review of a range of built projects employing catenary glulam roof system, starting from seminal historic precedents like the Festival Hall for the Swiss National Exhibition EXPO 1964 (A. Lozeron, Swiss, 1964) and the Wilkhahn Pavilions (Frei Otto, Germany, 1987), to contemporary examples, including the Grandview Heights Aquatic Centre (HCMA Architecture + Design, Canada, 2016). It analysis their structural concept, geometric and spatial complexity, fabrication and assembly protocols, applied construction detailing solutions, and more, with as aim to identify methods, tools, techniques, and construction details that can be taken forward in future research aimed at minimising construction complexity. Findings from this precedent study form the basis for the evolutionary-algorithmic design and construction method development that is part of the larger study. By expanding the tectonic system’s practically applicable architecture design solution space and facilitating architects’ access to a low-tech producible, spatially versatile, lightweight, eco-friendly, wooden roof structure typology, this study contributes to environmentally sustainable building.
keywords	Precedent Studies, Light-weight architecture, Timber shell, Catenary, Algorithmic Optimisation, Glue-laminated timber
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	acadia16_488
id	acadia16_488
authors	Derme, Tiziano; Mitterberger, Daniela; Di Tanna, Umberto
year	2016
title	Growth Based Fabrication Techniques for Bacterial Cellulose: Three-Dimensional Grown Membranes and Scaffolding Design for Biological Polymers
source	ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines [Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-77095-5] Ann Arbor 27-29 October, 2016, pp. 488-495
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2016.488
summary	Self-assembling manufacturing for natural polymers is still in its infancy, despite the urgent need for alternatives to fuel-based products. Non-fuel based products, specifically bio-polymers, possess exceptional mechanical properties and biodegradability. Bacterial cellulose has proven to be a remarkably versatile bio-polymer, gaining attention in a wide variety of applied scientific applications such as electronics, biomedical devices, and tissue-engineering. In order to introduce bacterial cellulose as a building material, it is important to develop bio-fabrication methodologies linked to material-informed computational modeling and material science. This paper emphasizes the development of three-dimensionally grown bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes for large-scale applications, and introduces new manufacturing technologies that combine the fields of bio-materials science, digital fabrication, and material-informed computational modeling. This paper demonstrates a novel method for bacterial cellulose bio-synthesis as well as in-situ self-assembly fabrication and scaffolding techniques that are able to control three-dimensional shapes and material behavior of BC. Furthermore, it clarifies the factors affecting the bio-synthetic pathway of bacterial cellulose—such as bacteria, environmental conditions, nutrients, and growth medium—by altering the mechanical properties, tensile strength, and thickness of bacterial cellulose. The transformation of the bio-synthesis of bacterial cellulose into BC-based bio-composite leads to the creation of new materials with additional functionality and properties. Potential applications range from small architectural components to large structures, thus linking formation and materialization, and achieving a material with specified ranges and gradient conditions, such as hydrophobic or hydrophilic capacity, graded mechanical properties over time, material responsiveness, and biodegradability.
keywords	programmable materials, material agency, biomimetics and biological design
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia16_34
id	acadia16_34
authors	Johnson, Jason S.; Parker, Matthew
year	2016
title	Architectural Heat Maps: A Workflow for Synthesizing Data
source	ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines [Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-77095-5] Ann Arbor 27-29 October, 2016, pp. 34-33
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2016.034
summary	Over the last 5 years, large-scale ‘data dumps’ of architectural production have been made available online through project-specific websites (mainly competitions) and architectural aggregation/dissemination sites like Architizer, Suckerpunch, and Archinect. This reinforces the broader context of Ubiquitous Simultaneity, in which large amounts of data are continuously updated and easily accessed through a dizzying array of mobile devices. This condition is being exploited by sports leagues and financial speculators through the development of tools that collect, visualize, and analyze historical data for the purpose of producing speculative predictive simulations that could lead to strategies for enhanced performance. We explore the development of a workflow for deploying computer vision, SIFT algorithms, image aggregation, and heteromorphic deformation as a design strategy. These techniques have all been developed separately for various applications and here we combine them in such a way as to allow for the embedding of the historical and speculative artifacts of architectural production into newly formed three-dimensional architectural bodies. This work builds on past research, which resulted in a more two-dimensional image-based mapping and translation process found in existing imaging protocols for projects like Google Earth, and transitions towards the production of data-rich formal assemblies. Outliers and concentrations of visual data are exploited as a means to encourage innovation within the production of architecture.
keywords	historical and speculative data, generative design, computer vision, ubiquitous simultaneity, sensate systems
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ijac201614304
id	ijac201614304
authors	Kim, Eonyong and Soohoon Park
year	2016
title	Three-dimensional visualized space and asset management system for large-scale airports: The case of Incheon International Airport
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 14 - no. 3, 233-246
summary	Large-scale airports such as Incheon International Airport have large-scale terminals, annex buildings, and numerous open spaces. An integrated space management system is required to manage these buildings and spaces efficiently. Thus, Incheon International Airport Corporation developed a three-dimensional computer-aided design–based integrated space management system. The major system development goal was to provide intuitive three-dimensional-based visual information, thereby realizing an integrated space and asset management system that does not require expert knowledge of any specific field, such as architecture. This article discusses the construction of the system and the problems that had to be resolved to achieve this goal.
keywords	Space and asset management, airport, three-dimensional computer-aided design, building information modeling
series	journal
last changed	2016/10/05 08:21

_id	ecaade2016_094
id	ecaade2016_094
authors	Kontovourkis, Odysseas and Konatzii, Panagiota
year	2016
title	Optimization Process Towards Robotic Manufacturing in Actual Scale - The Implementation of Genetic Algorithms in the Robotic Construction of Modular Formwork Systems
source	Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 169-178
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.169
wos	WOS:000402063700019
summary	The application of optimization processes in architectural design has gained significant attention among architects and recently has become a driving force towards more robust, reliable as well as flexible design investigations. Such application, require handling of multiple parameters, aiming at finding the range of possible solutions in morphological or topological problems of optimization, mostly during the design decision-making process and under the influence of functional, environmental, structural, or other design criteria. This ongoing research investigation puts forward the hypothesis that optimization processes might be equally applied during the construction decision-making process where architectural systems are examined in terms of their ability to be statically efficient and easily manufactured through the use of robotic machines. This is important to exist within a bidirectional platform of communication where the design decision-making will inform decision taken during pre-construction stage and vise versa. In order to test our hypothesis, two case studies are developed that implements genetic algorithms to examine the geometric and static behavior as well as the construction ability of proposed flexible three-dimensional modular formworks and overall systems for concrete casting, aiming to be robotically manufactured in actual scale.
keywords	Optimization process; genetic algorithms; robotic manufacturing; modular formwork system.
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	acadia16_382
id	acadia16_382
authors	Lopez, Deborah; Charbel, Hadin; Obuchi, Yusuke; Sato, Jun; Igarashi, Takeo; Takami, Yosuke; Kiuchi, Toshikatsu
year	2016
title	Human Touch in Digital Fabrication
source	ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines [Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-77095-5] Ann Arbor 27-29 October, 2016, pp. 382-393
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2016.382
summary	Human capabilities in architecture-scaled fabrication have the potential of being a driving force in both design and construction processes. However, while intuitive and flexible, humans are still often seen as being relatively slow, weak, and lacking the exacting precision necessary for structurally stable large-scale outputs—thus, hands-on involvement in on-site fabrication is typically kept at a minimum. Moreover, with increasingly advanced computational tools and robots in architectural contexts, the perfection and speed of production cannot be rivaled. Yet, these methods are generally non-engaging and do not necessarily require a skilled labor workforce, bringing to question the role of the craftsman in the digital age. This paper was developed with the focus of leveraging human adaptability and tendencies in the design and fabrication process, while using computational tools as a means of support. The presented setup consists of (i) a networked scanning and application of human movements and human on-site positioning, (ii) a lightweight and fast-drying extruded composite material, (iii) a handheld “smart” tool, and (iv) a structurally optimized generative form via an iterative feedback system. By redistributing the roles and interactions of humans and machines, the hybridized method makes use of the inherently intuitive yet imprecise qualities of humans, while maximizing the precision and optimization capabilities afforded by computational tools—thus incorporating what is traditionally seen as “human error” into a dynamically engaging and evolving design and fabrication process. The interdisciplinary approach was realized through the collaboration of structural engineering, architecture, and computer science laboratories.
keywords	human computer interaction and design, craft in design, tool streams and tool building, cognate streams, sensate systems
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	caadria2016_539
id	caadria2016_539
authors	Lublasser, E.; J. Braumann, D. Goldbach and S. Brell-Cokcan
year	2016
title	Robotic Forming: Rapidly Generating 3D Forms and Structures through Incremental Forming
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 539-548
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.539
summary	The past years have seen significant developments in the area of robotic design interfaces. Building upon visual programming environments, these interfaces now allow the creative industry to de- fine even complex fabrication processes in an easy, accessible way, while providing instant, production-immanent feedback. However, while these software tools greatly speed up the programming of robot- ic arms, many processes are still inherently slow: Subtractive process- es need to remove a large amount of material with comparably small tools, while additive processes are limited by the speed of the extruder and the properties of the extruded material. In this research we present a new method for incrementally shaping transparent polymer materi- als with a robotic arm, without requiring heat or dies for deep- drawing, thus allowing us to rapidly fabricate individual panels within a minimum of time.
keywords	Incremental forming; robotic fabrication; visual programming
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	caadria2016_735
id	caadria2016_735
authors	Sousa, Jose Pedro; Pedro Martins and Pedro De Azambuja Varela
year	2016
title	The CorkCrete Arch Project: The digital design and robotic fabrication of a novel building system made out of cork and glass-fibre reinforced concrete
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 735-744
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.735
summary	The CorkCrete arch is a 1:1 scale construction aiming at testing the use of robotic fabrication technologies in the production of a novel building system made out of two different materials – cork and concrete (GRC). The combination of these materials is promising since it merges the sustainable and performative properties of first with the structural efficiency of the second one. The result is a materi- al system suited for customized prefabrication and easy on-site instal- lation. The current paper describes the design and fabrication process of the arch, which employed a single parametric design environment to bridge design and fabrication, and an innovative sequence of differ- ent robotic processes. The success of this experience invites the team to continue this research into the future construction of larger scale applications.
keywords	Cork; concrete; computational design; digital fabrication; robotics
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2016_745
id	caadria2016_745
authors	Suzuki E., Seiichi
year	2016
title	Extruded Architectures: Grading weight-to-strength ratio of cement based materials through extrusion techniques
source	Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016) / Melbourne 30 March–2 April 2016, pp. 745-754
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2016.745
summary	In recent years, a growing research agenda on the subject of additive manufacturing for architectural design has been established on the basis of jetting and extrusion technology. While jetting pro- vides enough flexibility to print multiple digital materials in a single run, extrusion has proven to be the most viable technique for large- scale and on-site manufacturing. Because major contributions of both research lines cannot be combined due to technological differences, special attention has been devoted towards the development of print- ing strategies that could approximate similar material flexibility of jet- ting by means of extrusion techniques. In this context, this paper pre- sents a computational design methodology for architectural components that enables grading weight-strength ratio of cement based materials through extrusion. Built upon the integration of mod- elling, analysis and fabrication, such methodology allows to optimize material distribution and geometric definition on the basis of physical and fabrication constraints. A case study is presented for describing the design processes of a circular column and the fabrication of a sec- tion it.
keywords	Additive manufacturing; cement based materials; computational design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2016_097
id	ecaade2016_097
authors	Turunen, Heidi
year	2016
title	Additive Manufacturing and Value Creation - in Architectural Design, Design Process and End-products
source	Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 103-111
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.1.103
wos	WOS:000402063700012
summary	The objective of this paper is to clarify how value creation can be a part of architectural design and end-products when using the new emerging technology of additive manufacturing. Different kinds of values that have emerged from the research material have been analysed and summarised using selected case studies of recent building-scale projects. In applying this technique to architecture, the result can be visually and functionally novel, smarter and more sustainable buildings or products. A new individually manufactured or customised architecture can be created to serve different cultural and well-being needs cost effectively and without any waste. This new production method can lead to unique joint structures with the use of traditionally produced new or old building parts to enhance architecture, prevent climate change or aid environmental issues. However, most research projects and applications done by commercial companies are at the early stages.
keywords	Large-scale additive manufacturing; 3D printed architecture; Digital design; New materials; New production methods
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaade2016_169
id	ecaade2016_169
authors	Garcia, Manuel Jimenez
year	2016
title	Soft Modelling - Open source Java application for flexible structural systems
source	Herneoja, Aulikki; Toni Österlund and Piia Markkanen (eds.), Complexity & Simplicity - Proceedings of the 34th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 22-26 August 2016, pp. 265-274
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2016.2.265
wos	WOS:000402064400026
summary	Contemporary advanced simulation software allow for a higher accuracy in the understanding of material behaviour. The increase in computational power is enabling designers to get much closer to real time physical simulations, which facilitates the inheritance of those tools in their design workflows.However, the use of those tools is normally limited to a series of specific steps within the entire workflow, rather than a feature integrated in the design process itself.Softmodelling is an open source Java application which aims to bridge this gap by seamlessly integrating physical simulations in every step of the design process, giving designers the ability to not only test structural behaviours of a given output, but also allow them to design while taking both structural stability and material behaviour into account at every stage.This paper will discuss the design and evolution of the software, as well as showcase physical prototypes which explore the possibilities of such design methods. These projects are fundamental in materialising the evolution of Softmodelling, towards becoming an application that does not only enable the design of flexible elements, but also facilitates their manufacturing and assembly into large scale structures.
keywords	Particle-spring systems; Dynamic relaxation; Physics Simulation; Flexible materials; Discrete Computation; Open source; Design Software
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	acadia16_332
id	acadia16_332
authors	Retsin, Gilles; Garcia, Manuel Jimenez
year	2016
title	Discrete Computational Methods for Robotic Additive Manufacturing: Combinatorial Toolpaths
source	ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines [Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-77095-5] Ann Arbor 27-29 October, 2016, pp. 332-341
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2016.332
summary	The research presented in this paper is part of a larger, emerging body of research into large-scale 3D printing. The research attempts to develop a computational design method specifically for large-scale 3D printing of architecture. Influenced by the concept of Digital Materials, this research is situated within a critical discussion of what fundamentally constitutes a digital object and process. This requires a holistic understanding, taking into account both computational design and fabrication. The intrinsic constraints of the fabrication process are used as opportunities and generative drivers in the design process. The paper argues that a design method specifically for 3D printing should revolve around the question of how to organize toolpaths for the continuous addition or layering of material. Two case-study projects advance discrete methods as efficient ways to compute a continuous printing process. In contrast to continuous models, discrete models allow users to serialize problems and errors in toolpaths. This allows a local optimization of the structure, avoiding the use of global, computationally expensive, problem-solving algorithms. Both projects make use of a voxel-based approach, where a design is generated directly from the combination of thousands of serialized toolpath fragments. The understanding that serially repeated elements can be assembled into highly complex and heterogeneous structures has implications stretching beyond 3D printing. This combinatorial approach for example also becomes highly valuable for construction systems based on modularity and prefabrication.
keywords	prgrammable materials, simulation and design optimization, digital fabrication, big data
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

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