Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	caadria2017_005
id	caadria2017_005
authors	Xia, Tian, Koh, Jing Lin, Chen, Yutong, Goh, Yi Qian and Dritsas, Stylianos
year	2017
title	Form-finding with Robotics - Fusing Physical Simulation and Digital Fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2017.893
source	P. Janssen, P. Loh, A. Raonic, M. A. Schnabel (eds.), Protocols, Flows, and Glitches - Proceedings of the 22nd CAADRIA Conference, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China, 5-8 April 2017, pp. 893-902
summary	We present an experimental digital design and fabrication process investigating the integration of form-finding and industrial robotics. The design process is inspired by classical experiments producing minimal surfaces and tensile structures via physical simulation. The fabrication process resembles thermoforming whereby sheets of PET material are heat treated and while in a malleable state, where the material behaves like stretchable fabric, an industrial articulated robotic arm impresses a form while the sheet is air cooled and its final shape becomes stable and rigid. The three-dimensional plastic sheets are used as molds for glass-reinforced concrete casting. The key aspects of our approach include: (a) Mold-less fabrication: the design of our robotic end-effector can produce a range of free-form geometries without need for complex mold making (b) Reusable and durable artifacts: unlike traditional physical form-finding processes where the derived form is often ephemeral or fragile our process affords the detachment of a rigid artifacts which can be digitized, used as-is or employed in (c) Multi-stage fabrication: as the form-found geometry can be directly used for processes such as casting with excellent results in terms of surface finish. We present the design and development of our system and its deployment for an installation artwork.
keywords	Form-Finding; Digital Fabrication; Architectural Robotics
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	acadia18_444
id	acadia18_444
authors	Sabin, Jenny; Pranger, Dillon; Binkley, Clayton; Strobel, Kristen; Liu, Jingyang (Leo)
year	2018
title	Lumen
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2018.444
source	ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 444-455
summary	This paper documents the computational design methods, digital fabrication strategies, and generative design process for Lumen, winner of MoMA & MoMA PS1’s 2017 Young Architects Program. The project was installed in the courtyard at MoMA PS1 in Long Island City, New York, during the summer of 2017. Two lightweight 3D digitally knitted fabric canopy structures composed of responsive tubular and cellular components employ recycled textiles, photo-luminescent and solar active yarns that absorb and store UV energy, change color, and emit light. This environment offers spaces of respite, exchange, and engagement as a 150 x 75-foot misting system responds to visitors’ proximity, activating fabric stalactites that produce a refreshing micro-climate. Families of robotically prototyped and woven recycled spool chairs provide seating throughout the courtyard. The canopies are digitally fabricated with over 1,000,000 yards of high tech responsive yarn and are supported by three 40+ foot tensegrity towers and the surrounding matrix of courtyard walls. Material responses to sunlight as well as physical participation are integral parts of our exploratory approach to the 2017 YAP brief. The project is mathematically generated through form-finding simulations informed by the sun, site, materials, program, and the material morphology of knitted cellular components. Resisting a biomimetic approach, Lumen employs an analogic design process where complex material behavior and processes are integrated with personal engagement and diverse programs. The comprehensive installation was designed by Jenny Sabin Studio and fabricated by Shima Seiki WHOLEGARMENT, Jacobsson Carruthers, and Dazian with structural engineering by Arup and lighting by Focus Lighting.
keywords	full paper, materials & adaptive systems, digital fabrication, flexible structures, performance + simulation
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2017_021
id	ecaade2017_021
authors	Agirbas, Asli
year	2017
title	The Use of Simulation for Creating Folding Structures - A Teaching Model
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2017.1.325
source	Fioravanti, A, Cursi, S, Elahmar, S, Gargaro, S, Loffreda, G, Novembri, G, Trento, A (eds.), ShoCK! - Sharing Computational Knowledge! - Proceedings of the 35th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 20-22 September 2017, pp. 325-332
summary	In architectural education, the demand for creating forms with a non-Euclidean geometry, which can only be achieved by using the computer-aided design tools, is increasing. The teaching of this subject is a great challenge for both students and instructors, because of the intensive nature of architecture undergraduate programs. Therefore, for the creation of those forms with a non-Euclidean geometry, experimental work was carried out in an elective course based on the learning visual programming language. The creation of folding structures with form-finding by simulation was chosen as the subject of the design production which would be done as part of the content of the course. In this particular course, it was intended that all stages should be experienced, from the modeling in the virtual environment to the digital fabrication. Hence, in their early years of architectural education, the students were able to learn versatile thinking by experiencing, simultaneously, the use of simulation in the environment of visual programming language, the forming space by using folding structures, the material-based thinking and the creation of their designs suitable to the digital fabrication.
keywords	Folding Structures; CAAD; Simulation; Form-finding; Architectural Education
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia17_298
id	acadia17_298
authors	Johnson, Jason S.; Gardner, Guy
year	2017
title	Pareidolic Formations
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.298
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 298- 307
summary	The use of ornament in public space has been contested throughout history, and attitudes towards the articulation of building surfaces have shifted over time. Antoine Picon has argued that the use of ornament to communicate meaning and identity is returning to a place of cultural prominence. Well-established digital design and fabrication technologies have given rise to projects that integrate performance and aesthetics through the exploitation of form, pattern and ornament. These techniques allow the designer to inscribe and overlay data generated through performance simulation and environmental analysis, and formal relationships and fabrication processes onto materials and spatial fields, creating novel configurations and effects. Operating at a scale between object and building, public art, sculpture and architectural ornament allow for a particular type of interdisciplinary experimentation and hybrid practice. Three recent public art proposals illustrate an approach that composites multiple datasets to generate new relationships between aesthetic, environmental and functional considerations in order to activate public space. The proposals presented here put forward a set of tactics that can be deployed towards embedding overlapping data in public spaces. These proposals use pattern to form and form to pattern workflows as a way to produce multiple potential readings through pareidolia. This paper presents an investigation into how contemporary digital design and fabrication processes can bridge between performance and perception, and how ornament and pattern might be deployed for both formal and performative purposes to help foster a more personalized relationship with the urban spaces we occupy.
keywords	education, society & culture; data mining; form finding; education
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaade2017_032
id	ecaade2017_032
authors	Kepczynska-Walczak, Anetta
year	2017
title	Computation As Design Logic Indicator - The Expo Project Experiment
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2017.1.279
source	Fioravanti, A, Cursi, S, Elahmar, S, Gargaro, S, Loffreda, G, Novembri, G, Trento, A (eds.), ShoCK! - Sharing Computational Knowledge! - Proceedings of the 35th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 20-22 September 2017, pp. 279-288
summary	The city of Lodz is bidding for hosting International EXPO in 2022. The proposed theme is "City Re:Invented". The paper presents the EXPO project experiment conducted at Lodz University of Technology in cooperation with Lodz City Council. The idea was to prepare design proposals for promotional purposes, first in the form of computer visualisations, then as physical scale mock-ups produced in a digital fabrication laboratory. It is planned that the best solutions would be adopted and built in 1:1 scale if Lodz received a nomination. The results of the project are illustrated in the paper by selected examples. The main aim of this study is to examine computational thinking as a design medium. The paper presents background studies in this regard. It also looks into the approach to articulate digital fabrication and robotics as not merely the methods of delivery of a final product but their role in a design process. It deliberates pros and cons of computational design and its influence on creativity. It concludes with a statement that computation may help to construct, reveal, enhance and develop logic in a creation process.
keywords	computational design; parametric modelling; digital fabrication; creativity; EXPO
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia17_374
id	acadia17_374
authors	Manninger, Sandra; del Campo, Matias
year	2017
title	Plato's Columns: Platonic Geometries vs. Vague Gestures in Robotic Construction
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.374
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 374- 381
summary	This paper examines the inherent possibilities for architectural production in automated deposition modeling techniques, primarily explored through the use of industrial robots in combination with plastic deposition heads. These robots, in combination with various polymers, toolpaths and colorations, served as a design ecology for the exploration of emergent behaviors in robotic construction. The relationship between geometry (Euclidian, topological, fractal), mechanical properties of material (plasticity, elasticity, viscosity, resilience), optical properties (color, absorbance, transmittance, scattering), and the gestural qualities of robotic toolpaths constitute the palette adopted for the presented project. The project combines the rigor of a platonic body (Figure 2) with the emergent properties of vague gestures. The introduction of moments of uncertainty in the process produces glitches that are embraced as an opportunity to find novel aesthetic conditions. The profound entanglement with the post-digital realm is discussed as the discursive plane of thinking applied to the project.
keywords	design methods; information processing fabrication; construction/robotics; form finding; computational / artistic cultures
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	lasg_whitepapers_2019_291
id	lasg_whitepapers_2019_291
authors	Sabin, Jenny
year	2019
title	Lumen
source	Living Architecture Systems Group White Papers 2019 [ISBN 978-1-988366-18-0] Riverside Architectural Press: Toronto, Canada 2019. pp.291 - 318
summary	This paper documents the computational design methods, digital fabrication strategies, and generative design process for [Lumen], winner of MoMA & MoMA PS1’s 2017 Young Architects Program. The project was installed in the courtyard at MoMA PS1 in Long Island City, New York, during the summer of 2017. Two lightweight 3D digitally knitted fabric canopy structures composed of responsive tubular and cellular components employ recycled textiles, photo-luminescent and solar active yarns that absorb and store UV energy, change color, and emit light. This environment offers spaces of respite, exchange, and engagement as a 150 x 75-foot misting system responds to visitors’ proximity, activating fabric stalactites that produce a refreshing micro-climate. Families of robotically prototyped and woven recycled spool chairs provide seating throughout the courtyard. The canopies are digitally fabricated with over 1,000,000 yards of high tech responsive yarn and are supported by three 40+ foot tensegrity towers and the surrounding matrix of courtyard walls. Material responses to sunlight as well as physical participation are integral parts of our exploratory approach to the 2017 YAP brief. The project is mathematically generated through form-finding simulations informed by the sun, site, materials, program, and the material morphology of knitted cellular components. Resisting a biomimetic approach, [Lumen] employs an analogic design process where complex material behavior and processes are integrated with personal engagement and diverse programs. The comprehensive installation was designed by Jenny Sabin Studio and fabricated by Shima Seiki WHOLEGARMENT, Jacobsson Carruthers, and Dazian with structural engineering by Arup and lighting by Focus Lighting.
keywords	living architecture systems group, organicism, intelligent systems, design methods, engineering and art, new media art, interactive art, dissipative systems, technology, cognition, responsiveness, biomaterials, artificial natures, 4DSOUND, materials, virtual projections,
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:02

_id	acadia17_522
id	acadia17_522
authors	Sarafian, Joseph; Culver, Ronald; Lewis, Trevor S.
year	2017
title	Robotic Formwork in the MARS Pavilion: Towards The Creation Of Programmable Matter
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.522
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 522- 533
summary	The proliferation of parametric tools has allowed for the design of previously impossible geometry, but the construction industry has failed to keep pace. We demonstrate the use of industrial robots to disrupt the ancient process of casting concrete and create an adjustable formwork capable of generating various cast components based on digital input, crafting a new approach to “programmable matter.” The resulting research delineates a novel methodology to facilitate otherwise cost-prohibitive, even impossible design. The MARS Pavilion employs this methodology in a building-sized proof of concept where manipulating fabric with industrial robots achieves previously unattainable precision while casting numerous connective concrete components to form a demountable lattice structure. The pavilion is the result of parametric form finding, in which a catenary structure ensures that the loads are acting primarily in compression. Every concrete component is unique, yet can be assembled together with a 1/16-inch tolerance. Expanding Culver & Sarafian’s previous investigations, industrial robot arms are sent coordinates to position fabric sleeves into which concrete is poured, facilitating a rapid digital-to-physical casting process. With this fabrication method, parametric variation in design is cost-competitive relative to other iterative casting techniques. This digital breakthrough necessitated analogue material studies of rapid-setting, high-strength concrete and flexible, integral reinforcing systems. The uniquely shaped components are coupled with uniform connectors designed to attach three limbs of concrete, forming a highly stable, compressive hex-grid shell structure. A finite element analysis (FEA) was a critical step in the structural engineering process to simulate various load scenarios on the pavilion and drive the shape of the connective elements to their optimal form.
keywords	material and construction; fabrication; form finding
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	acadia17_572
id	acadia17_572
authors	Sparrman, Bjorn; Matthews, Chris; Kernizan, Schendy; Chadwick, Aran; Thomas, Neil; Laucks, Jared; Tibbits, Skylar
year	2017
title	Large-Scale Lightweight Transformable Structures
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.572
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 572- 581
summary	This paper presents strategies for the creation of large-scale transformable structures. In particular we work to leverage material properties and novel construction techniques to induce transformation. We employ flexible biaxial braided geometries to create interconnected large-scale textile surfaces. These braided networks distribute load forces via their internal friction, allowing for uniform structural transformation without the need for complicated mechanical linkages or electromechanical actuation. The ultimate range of these structures has been simulated with computational tools and correlated with physical load testing. We present various applications and configurations of these transforming structures that demonstrate their utility and a new attitude toward the creation of lightweight morphable structures.
keywords	material and construction; simulation & optimization; fabrication; form finding
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2017_104
id	caadria2017_104
authors	Lu, Xiao, Dounas, Theodoros, Spaeth, Benjamin, Bissoonauth, Chitraj and Galobardes, Isaac
year	2017
title	Robotic Simulation of Textile as Concrete Reinforcement and Formwork
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2017.863
source	P. Janssen, P. Loh, A. Raonic, M. A. Schnabel (eds.), Protocols, Flows, and Glitches - Proceedings of the 22nd CAADRIA Conference, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China, 5-8 April 2017, pp. 863-872
summary	New possibilities of concrete constructions in architecture, the traditional formwork can be gradually replaced by the use of flexible textile. At the same time textile reinforcement combined with fabric formwork, introduces an innovative integrated solution in the fabrication of concrete. Based on a simple understanding of the textile weaving and knitting techniques, this project concentrates on the architectural production and the structural optimization of the textile as both concrete reinforcement and formwork. Furthermore, we present a robotic simulation of the process that develops using a series of computational experiments to research the sequence of weaving and/or knitting. Through the computational process and the design simulations, the research is firmly rooted in analog and digital exploration of material and its implementation in architecture, with particular emphasis on the convergence of robotics and computation. Note that the paper deals mainly with the software and weaving simulation as part of a larger research project, without dealing with the production of physical artefacts.
keywords	robotic weaving; textile-reinforcement; parametric design; lightweight structure; textile-reinforced concrete
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ecaade2017_027
id	ecaade2017_027
authors	Carl, Timo, Schein, Markus and Stepper, Frank
year	2017
title	Sun Shades - About Designing Adaptable Solar Facades
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2017.2.165
source	Fioravanti, A, Cursi, S, Elahmar, S, Gargaro, S, Loffreda, G, Novembri, G, Trento, A (eds.), ShoCK! - Sharing Computational Knowledge! - Proceedings of the 35th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 20-22 September 2017, pp. 165-174
summary	External shading structures are a well-established typology for reducing solar heat loads. A major disadvantage is their inflexible nature, blocking views from inside and desired solar radiation for seasons with less sunshine hours. An adaptive approach on the other end can accommodate dynamic environmental exchange and user control. Furthermore, kinetic movement has great potential to create expressive spatial structures. However, such typologies are inherently complex. This paper presents the design process for two novel adaptive façade typologies, conducted on an experimental level in an educational context. Moreover, we will discuss the conception of a suitable methodological framework, which we applied to engage the complexity of this design task. Thereby we will highlight the importance of employing various methods, combining analogue and computational models not in a linear sequence, but rather in an overlapping, iterative way to create an innovation friendly design setting. The Sun Shades project offers insight into the relationships between design potentials inherent in adaptable structures and the advantages and limitation of computational methods employed to tackle them.
keywords	computational design methodology; performance-based design; associative geometry modelling; solar simulation; physical form-finding; design theory
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cf2017_601
id	cf2017_601
authors	Gerber, David Jason; Pantazis, Evangelos; Wang, Alan
year	2017
title	Interactive Design of Shell Structures Using Multi Agent Systems: Design Exploration of Reciprocal Frames Based on Environmental and Structural Performance
source	Gülen Çagdas, Mine Özkar, Leman F. Gül and Ethem Gürer (Eds.) Future Trajectories of Computation in Design [17th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2017, Proceedings / ISBN 978-975-561-482-3] Istanbul, Turkey, July 12-14, 2017, pp. 601-616.
summary	This paper presents a continuation of research on the prototyping of multi-agent systems for architectural design with a focus on generative design as a means to improve design exploration in the context of multiple objectives and complexity. The interactive design framework focuses on coupling force, environmental constraints and fabrication parameters as design drivers for the form finding of shell structures. The objective of the research is to enable designers to intuitively generate free form shells structures that are conditioned by multiple objectives for architectural exploration in early stages of design. The generated geometries are explored through reciprocal frames, and are evaluated in an automated fashion both on local and global levels in terms of their structural and environmental performance and constructability. The analytical results along with fabrication constraints are fed back into the generative design process in order to more rapidly and expansively design explore across complexly coupled objectives. The paper describes the framework and presents the application of this methodology for the design of fabrication aware shell structures in which environmental and structural trade offs drive the final set of design options.
keywords	Generative Design, Parametric Design, Multi-Agent Systems, Digital Fabrication, Form Finding, Reciprocal Frames
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2017/12/01 14:38

_id	acadia17_266
id	acadia17_266
authors	Gonzalez Rojas,Paloma
year	2017
title	Space and Motion: Data-Driven Model of 4D Pedestrian Behavior
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.266
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 266-273
summary	The understanding of space relies on motion, as we experience space by crossing it in time, space’s fourth dimension. However, architects lack the necessary tools to incorporate people's motion into their design of space. As a consequence, architects fail to connect space with the motion of the people that inhabit their buildings, creating disorienting environments. Further, what if augmentation technology changes how we inhabit space and the static built environment does not fit people anymore? This paper explores the problem of developing a model from people's motion, to inform and augment the architecture design process in the early stages. As an outcome, I have designed a model based on data from human-space interaction obtained through field work. First, relevant behavior was identified and recorded. Second, a metric was extracted from the data and composed by speed, the 4th D dimension as time, and gestures. Third, the original behavior was rebuilt, producing a set of rules. The rules were combined to form the model of human-space interaction. This generalizable model provides a novel approach to designing space based on data from people. Moreover, this paper presents a means of incorporating inhabitants' behavior into digital design. Finally, the model contributes to the advancement of people's motion research for general applications, such as in transport engineering, robotics, and cognitive sciences.
keywords	design methods; information processing; simulation & optimization; data visualization
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	acadia17_292
id	acadia17_292
authors	Hurkxkens, Ilmar; Girot, Christophe; Hutter, Marco
year	2017
title	Robotic Landscapes: Developing Computational Design Tools Towards Autonomous Terrain Modeling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.292
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 292-297
summary	Until today, on-site robotic construction processes in landscape architecture have been limited to predefined and controlled environments like road building or mining pits. We are presently developing an autonomous walking excavator that paves the way for new and advanced on-site design strategies. The shift towards robotic construction in terrain modeling and landscape architecture demands an adaptive design approach, where the resulting topology is inherently linked to landscape performance and the local conditions of a site. This paper discusses the computational design tools that may help redefine how design and construction processes can be better adapted to real-time topological and sensory data. This approach will, in due time, revolutionize how designers think, act and play with contemporary landscapes robotically, and reimagine their intrinsic relationship to infrastructure.
keywords	design methods; information processing; fabrication; construction/robotics; form finding
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaade2020_184
id	ecaade2020_184
authors	Kycia, Agata and Guiducci, Lorenzo
year	2020
title	Self-shaping Textiles - A material platform for digitally designed, material-informed surface elements
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2020.2.021
source	Werner, L and Koering, D (eds.), Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 21-30
summary	Despite the cutting edge developments in science and technology, architecture to a large extent still tends to favor form over matter by forcing materials into predefined, often superficial geometries, with functional aspects relegated to materials or energy demanding mechanized systems. Biomaterials research has instead shown a variety of physical architectures in which form and matter are intimately related (Fratzl, Weinkamer, 2007). We take inspiration from the morphogenetic processes taking place in plants' leaves (Sharon et al., 2007), where intricate three-dimensional surfaces originate from in-plane growth distributions, and propose the use of 3D printing on pre-stretched textiles (Tibbits, 2017) as an alternative, material-based, form-finding technique. We 3D print open fiber bundles, analyze the resulting wrinkling phenomenon and use it as a design strategy for creating three-dimensional textile surfaces. As additive manufacturing becomes more and more affordable, materials more intelligent and robust, the proposed form-finding technique has a lot of potential for designing efficient textile structures with optimized structural performance and minimal usage of material.
keywords	self-shaping textiles; material form-finding; wrinkling; surface instabilities; bio-inspired design; leaf morphogenesis
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2018_210
id	caadria2018_210
authors	Lin, Yuqiong, Zheng, Jingyun, Yao, Jiawei and Yuan, Philip F.
year	2018
title	Research on Physical Wind Tunnel and Dynamic Model Based Building Morphology Generation Method
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.165
source	T. Fukuda, W. Huang, P. Janssen, K. Crolla, S. Alhadidi (eds.), Learning, Adapting and Prototyping - Proceedings of the 23rd CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 17-19 May 2018, pp. 165-174
summary	The change of the building morphology directly affects the surrounding environment, while the evaluation of these environment data becomes the main basis for the genetic iterations of the building morphology. Indeed, due to the complexity of the outdoor natural ventilation, multiple factors in the site could be the main reasons for the change of air flow. Thus, the architect is suggested to take the wind environment as the main morphology generation factor in the early stage of the building design. Based on the research results of 2017 DigitalFUTURE Wind Tunnel Visualization Workshop, a novel self-form-finding method in design infancy has been proposed. This method uses Arduino to carry out the dynamic design of the building model, which can not only connect the sensor to monitor the wind environment data, but also contribute the building model to correlate with the wind environment data in real time. The integration of the Arduino platform and the physical wind tunnel can create the possibility of continuous and real-time physical changes, data collection and wind environment simulation, using quantitative environmental factors to control building morphology, and finally achieve the harmony among the building, environment and human.
keywords	Physical wind tunnel; dynamic model; building morphology generation; environmental performance design; wind environment visualization
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia17_392
id	acadia17_392
authors	Mesa, Olga; Stavric, Milena; Mhatre, Saurabh; Grinham, Jonathan; Norman, Sarah; Sayegh, Allen; Bechthold, Martin
year	2017
title	Non-Linear Matters: Auxetic Surfaces
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.392
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 392- 403
summary	Auxetic structures exhibiting non-linear buckling are a prevalent research topic in the material sciences due to the ability to tune their reversible actuation, porosity, and negative Poisson’s ratio. However, the research is limited to feature sizes at scales below 10 mm2, and to date, there are no available efficient design and prototyping methods for architectural designers. Our study develops design principles and workflow methods to transform standard materials into auxetic surfaces at an architectural scale. The auxetic behavior is accomplished through buckling and hinging by subtracting from a homogeneous material to create perforated patterns. The form of the perforations, including shape, scale, and spacing, determines the behavior of multiple compliant "hinges" generating novel patterns that include scaling and tweening transformations. An analytical method was introduced to generate hinge designs in four-fold symmetric structures that approximate non-linear buckling. The digital workflow integrates a parametric geometry model with non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) and physical prototypes to rapidly and accurately design and fabricate auxetic materials. A robotic 6-axis waterjet allowed for rapid production while maintaining needed tolerances. Fabrication methods allowed for spatially complex shaping, thus broadening the design scope of transformative auxetic material systems by including graphical and topographical biases. The work culminated in a large-scale fully actuated and digitally controlled installation. It was comprised of auxetic surfaces that displayed different degrees of porosity, contracting and expanding while actuated electromechanically. The results provide a promising application for the rapid design of non-linear auxetic materials at scales complimentary to architectural products.
keywords	material and construction; CAM; prototyping; smart materials; auxetic
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	acadia17_544
id	acadia17_544
authors	Schleicher, Simon; La Magna, Riccardo; Zabel, Joshua
year	2017
title	Bending-active Sandwich Shells: Studio One Research Pavilion 2017
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.544
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 544- 551
summary	The goal of this paper is to advance the research on bending-active structures by investigating the system’s inherent structural characteristics and introducing an alternative approach to their design and fabrication. With this project, the authors propose the use of sandwich-structured composites to improve the load-bearing behavior of bending-active shells. By combining digital form-finding and form-conversion processes, it becomes possible to discretize a double-curved shell geometry into an assembly of single-curved sandwich strips. Due to the clever use of bending in the construction process, these strips can be made out of inexpensive and flat sheet materials. The assembly itself takes advantage of two fundamentally different structural states. When handled individually, the thin panels are characterized by their high flexibility, yet when cross-connected to a sandwich, they gain bending stiffness and increase the structure’s rigidity. To explain the possible impacts of this approach, the paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of bending-active structures in general and outline the potential of sandwich shells in particular. Furthermore, the authors will address the fundamental question of how to build a load-bearing system from flexible parts by using the practical example of the Studio One Research Pavilion. To illustrate this project in more detail, the authors will present the digital design process involved as well as demonstrate the technical feasibility of this approach through a built prototype in full scale. Finally, the authors will conclude with a critical discussion of the design approach proposed here and point out interesting topics for future research.
keywords	material and construction
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2017_161
id	ecaade2017_161
authors	Pietri, Samuel and Erioli, Alessio
year	2017
title	Fibrous Aerial Robotics - Study of spiderweb strategies for the design of architectural envelopes using swarms of drones and inflatable formworks
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2017.1.689
source	Fioravanti, A, Cursi, S, Elahmar, S, Gargaro, S, Loffreda, G, Novembri, G, Trento, A (eds.), ShoCK! - Sharing Computational Knowledge! - Proceedings of the 35th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 20-22 September 2017, pp. 689-698
summary	This thesis research presents an integrated workflow for the design and fabrication of large-scale architectural envelopes using swarms of drones and inflatable structures as formworks. The work lies at the intersection of architecture, biology and robotics, incorporating generative design with digital fabrication techniques. The proposed approach aims to investigate the tectonic potential of computational systems which encode behavioral strategies inside an agent-based model. It is from local interactions taking place at the micro-scale of complex systems that a new set of architectural tendencies seem to emerge. The authors focused on the strategies developed by colonies of social spiders during the construction of three-dimensional webs. Their communication system and the characteristics of the material structure have been then modelled and translated in a digital environment. A physical fabrication process, in which the simulated agents become drones in a real world environment, was concurrently developed. The goal was to investigate the architectural possibilities given by an autonomous aerial machine depositing fibrous material over inflatable formworks and its potential usefulness in specific sites where overall conditions don't allow traditional construction techniques.
keywords	tectonics; robotics; multi-agent systems; stigmergy; drones; inflatables
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	acadia17_512
id	acadia17_512
authors	Rossi, Andrea; Tessmann, Oliver
year	2017
title	Collaborative Assembly of Digital Materials
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.512
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 512- 521
summary	Current developments in design-to-production workflows aim to allow architects to quickly prototype designs that result from advanced design processes while also embedding the constraints imposed by selected fabrication equipment. However, the enduring physical separation between design space and fabrication space, together with a continuous approach to both design, via NURBs modeling software, and fabrication, through irreversible material processing methods, limit the possibilities to extend the advantages of a “digital” approach (Ward 2010), such as full editability and reversibility, to physical realizations. In response to such issues, this paper proposes a processto allow the concurrent design and fabrication of discrete structures in a collaborative process between human designer and a 6-axis robotic arm. This requires the development of design and materialization procedures for discrete aggregations, including the modeling of assembly constraints, as well as the establishment of a communication platform between human and machine actors. This intends to offer methods to increase the accessibility of discrete design methodologies, as well as to hint at possibilities for overcoming the division between design and manufacturing (Carpo 2011; Bard et al. 2014), thus allowing intuitive design decisions to be integrated directly within assembly processes (Johns 2014).
keywords	material and construction; construction/robotics; smart assembly/construction; generative system
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

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