Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia17_28
id	acadia17_28
authors	Aguiar, Rita; Cardoso, Carmo; Leit?o,António
year	2017
title	Algorithmic Design and Analysis Fusing Disciplines
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.028
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 28-37
summary	In the past, there has been a rapid evolution in computational tools to represent and analyze architectural designs. Analysis tools can be used in all stages of the design process, but they are often only used in the final stages, where it might be too late to impact the design. This is due to the considerable time and effort typically needed to produce the analytical models required by the analysis tools. A possible solution would be to convert the digital architectural models into analytical ones, but unfortunately, this often results in errors and frequently the analytical models need to be built almost from scratch. These issues discourage architects from doing a performance-oriented exploration of their designs in the early stages of a project. To overcome these issues, we propose Algorithmic Design and Analysis, a method for analysis that is based on adapting and extending an algorithmic-based design representation so that the modeling operations can generate the elements of the analytical model containing solely the information required by the analysis tool. Using this method, the same algorithm that produces the digital architectural model can also automatically generate analytical models for different types of analysis. Using the proposed method, there is no information loss and architects do not need additional work to perform the analysis. This encourages architects to explore several design alternatives while taking into account the design’s performance. Moreover, when architects know the set of design variations they wish to analyze beforehand, they can easily automate the analysis process.
keywords	design methods; information processing; simulation & optimization; BIM; generative system
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia17_52
id	acadia17_52
authors	Ajlouni, Rima
year	2017
title	Simulation of Sound Diffusion Patterns of Fractal-Based Surface Profiles
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.052
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 52-61
summary	Acoustical design is one of the most challenging aspects of architecture. A complex system of competing influences (e.g., space geometry, size, proportion, material properties, surface detail, etc.) contribute to shaping the quality of the auditory experience. In particular, architectural surfaces affect the way that sound reflections propagate through space. By diffusing the reflected sound energy, surface designs can promote a more homogeneous auditory atmosphere by mitigating sharp and focused reflections. One of the challenges with designing an effective diffuser is the need to respond to a wide band of sound wavelengths, which requires the surface profile to precisely encode a range of detail sizes, depths and angles. Most of the available sound diffusers are designed to respond to a narrow band of frequencies. In this context, fractal-based surface designs can provide a unique opportunity for mitigating such limitations. A key principle of fractal geometry is its multilevel hierarchical order, which enables the same pattern to occur at different scales. This characteristic makes it a potential candidate for diffusing a wider band of sound wavelengths. However, predicting the reflection patterns of complicated fractal-based surface designs can be challenging using available acoustical software. These tools are often costly, complicated and are not designed for predicting early sound propagation paths. This research argues that writing customized algorithms provides a valuable, free and efficient alternative for addressing targeted acoustical design problems. The paper presents a methodology for designing and testing a customized algorithm for predicting sound diffusion patterns of fractal-based surfaces. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to develop the code and evaluate the results.
keywords	design methods; information processing; simulation & optimization; data visualization
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia17_62
id	acadia17_62
authors	Al-Assaf, Nancy S.; Clayton, Mark J.
year	2017
title	Representing the Aesthetics of Richard Meier’s Houses Using Building Information Modeling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.062
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 62-71
summary	Beyond its widespread use for representing technical aspects and matters of building and construction science, Building information modeling (BIM) can be used to represent architectural relationships and rules drawn from aesthetic theory. This research suggests that BIM provides not only vocabulary but also syntactical tools that can be used to capture an architectural language. In a case study using Richard Meier’s language for single-family detached houses, a BIM template has been devised to represent the aesthetic concepts and relations therein. The template employs parameterized conceptual mass objects, syntactical rules, and a library of architectonic elements, such as walls, roofs, columns, windows, doors, and railings. It constrains any design produced using the template to a grammatically consistent expression or style. The template has been used as the starting point for modeling the Smith House, the Douglas House, and others created by the authors, demonstrating that the aesthetic template is general to many variations. Designing with the template to produce a unique but conforming design further illustrates the generality and expressiveness of the language. Having made the formal language explicit, in terms of syntactical rules and vocabulary, it becomes easier to vary the formal grammar and concrete vocabulary to produce variant languages and styles. Accordingly, this approach is not limited to a specific style, such as Richard Meier's. Future research can be conducted to demonstrate how designing with BIM can support stylistic change. Adoption of this approach in practice could improve the consistency of architectural designs and their coherence to defined styles, potentially increasing the general level of aesthetic expression in our built environment.
keywords	design methods; information processing; BIM; education
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia17_72
id	acadia17_72
authors	Alfaiate, Pedro; Caetano, In?s; Leit?o, António
year	2017
title	Luna Moth: Supporting Creativity in the Cloud
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.072
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 72-81
summary	Algorithmic design allows architects to design using a programming-based approach. Current algorithmic design environments are based on existing computer-aided design applications or building information modeling applications, such as AutoCAD, Rhinoceros 3D, or Revit, which, due to their complexity, fail to give architects the immediate feedback they need to explore algorithmic design. In addition, they do not address the current trend of moving applications to the cloud to improve their availability. To address these problems, we propose a software architecture for an algorithmic design integrated development environment (IDE), based on web technologies, that is more interactive than competing algorithmic design IDEs. Besides providing an intuitive editing interface which facilitates programming tasks for architects, its performance can be an order of magnitude faster than current algorithmic design IDEs, thus supporting real-time feedback with more complex algorithmic design programs. Moreover, our solution also allows architects to export the generated model to their preferred computer-aided design applications. This results in an algorithmic design environment that is accessible from any computer, while offering an interactive editing environment that integrates into the architect’s workflow.
keywords	design methods; information processing; generative system; computational / artistic cultures
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia17_190
id	acadia17_190
authors	Coleman, James; Cole, Shannon
year	2017
title	By Any Means Necessary: Digitally Fabricating Architecture at Scale
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.190
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 190-201
summary	Architectural manufacturing is a balancing act between production facility and a custom fabrication shop. Each project Zahner takes on is different from the last, and not likely to repeat. This means that workflows are designed and deployed for each project individually. We present Flash Manufacturing, a fabrication methodology we employ in the production of architectural elements for cutting-edge and computationally sophisticated buildings. By remixing manufacturing techniques and production spaces we are able to meet the novel challenges posed by fabricating and assembling hundreds of thousands of unique parts. We discuss methods for producing vastly different project types and highlight two building case studies: the Cornell Tech Bloomberg Center and the Petersen Automotive Museum. With this work, we demonstrate how design creativity is no longer at odds with reliable and cost-effective building practices. Zahner has produced hundreds of seminal buildings working with architects such as: Gehry Partners, Zaha Hadid, m0rphosis, Herzog & de Meuron, OMA, Steven Holl Architects, Studio Daniel Libeskind, Rafael Moneo, DS+R, Foster + Partners, Gensler, KPF, SANAA and many more. This paper disrupts conventional discourse surrounding manufacturing/construction methods by discussing the realities of mass customization—how glossy architectural products are forged through ad hoc inventive engineering and risk tolerance.
keywords	material and construction; fabrication; CAM; prototyping; construction; robotics
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia17_202
id	acadia17_202
authors	Cupkova, Dana; Promoppatum, Patcharapit
year	2017
title	Modulating Thermal Mass Behavior Through Surface Figuration
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.202
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 202-211
summary	This research builds upon a previous body of work focused on the relationship between surface geometry and heat transfer coefficients in thermal mass passive systems. It argues for the design of passive systems with higher fidelity to multivariable space between performance and perception. Rooted in the combination of form and matter, the intention is to instrumentalize design principles for the choreography of thermal gradients between buildings and their environment from experiential, spatial and topological perspectives (Figure 1). Our work is built upon the premise that complex geometries can be used to improve both the aesthetic and thermodynamic performance of passive building systems (Cupkova and Azel 2015) by actuating thermal performance through geometric parameters primarily due to convection. Currently, the engineering-oriented approach to the design of thermal mass relies on averaged thermal calculations (Holman 2002), which do not adequately describe the nuanced differences that can be produced by complex three-dimensional geometries of passive thermal mass systems. Using a combination of computational fluid dynamic simulations with physically measured data, we investigate the relationship of heat transfer coefficients related to parameters of surface geometry. Our measured results suggest that we can deliberately and significantly delay heat absorption re-radiation purely by changing the geometric surface pattern over the same thermal mass. The goal of this work is to offer designers a more robust rule set for understanding approximate thermal lag behaviors of complex geometric systems, with a focus on the design of geometric properties rather than complex thermal calculations.
keywords	design methods; information processing; physics; smart materials
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia17_222
id	acadia17_222
authors	Dierichs, Karola; Wood, Dylan; Correa, David; Menges, Achim
year	2017
title	Smart Granular Materials: Prototypes for Hygroscopically Actuated Shape-Changing Particles
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.222
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 222-231
summary	Hygroscopically Actuated Granular Materials are a new class of designed granular materials in architecture. Granular materials are large numbers of particles that are only in loose contact with each other. If the individual particle in such a granular material is defined in its geometry and material make-up, one can speak of a designed granular material. In recent years these designed granular materials have been explored as architectural construction systems. Since the particles are not bound to each other, granular materials are rapidly reconfigurable and recyclable. Yet one of the biggest assets of designed granular materials is the fact that their overall behavior can be designed by altering the geometry or material make-up of the individual composing particles. Up until now mainly non-actuated granular materials have been investigated. These are designed granular materials in which the geometry of the particle stays the same over time. The proposed Hygroscopically Actuated Granular Materials are systems consisting of time-variable particle geometries. Their potential lies in the fact that one and the same granular system can be designed to display different mechanical behaviors over the course of time. The research presented here encompasses three case studies, which complement each other both with regard to the development of the particle system and the applied construction processes. All three cases are described both with regard to the methods used and the eventual outcome aiming at a potential design system for Hygroscopically Actuated Granular Materials. To conclude, these results are compared and directions of further research are indicated.
keywords	material and construction; smart materials; smart assembly/construction
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia17_238
id	acadia17_238
authors	El-Zanfaly, Dina
year	2017
title	A Multisensory Computational Model for Human-Machine Making and Learning
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.238
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 238-247
summary	Despite the advancement of digital design and fabrication technologies, design practices still follow Alberti’s hylomorphic model of separating the design phase from the construction phase. This separation hinders creativity and flexibility in reacting to surprises that may arise during the construction phase. These surprises often come as a result of a mismatch between the sophistication allowed by the digital technologies and the designer’s experience using them. These technologies and expertise depend on one human sense, vision, ignoring other senses that could be shaped and used in design and learning. Moreover, pedagogical approaches in the design studio have not yet fully integrated digital technologies as design companions; rather, they have been used primarily as tools for representation and materialization. This research introduces a multisensory computational model for human-machine making and learning. The model is based on a recursive process of embodied, situated, multisensory interaction between the learner, the machines and the thing-in-the-making. This approach depends heavily on computational making, abstracting, and describing the making process. To demonstrate its effectiveness, I present a case study from a course I taught at MIT in which students built full-scale, lightweight structures with embedded electronics. This model creates a loop between design and construction that develops students’ sensory experience and spatial reasoning skills while at the same time enabling them to use digital technologies as design companions. The paper shows that making can be used to teach design while enabling the students to make judgments on their own and to improvise.
keywords	education, society & culture; fabrication
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2017_132
id	caadria2017_132
authors	Feist, Sofia, Ferreira, Bruno and Leit?o, António
year	2017
title	Collaborative Algorithmic-based Building Information Modelling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2017.613
source	P. Janssen, P. Loh, A. Raonic, M. A. Schnabel (eds.), Protocols, Flows, and Glitches - Proceedings of the 22nd CAADRIA Conference, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China, 5-8 April 2017, pp. 613-622
summary	Algorithmic-based Building Information Modelling (A-BIM) allows the development of BIM models through algorithms. In a collaborative environment, A-BIM requires management strategies to deal with concurrent development of architectural projects. However, despite there being several tools that support this type of collaborative work, they are not appropriate for A-BIM because: (1) they track changes in the generated model instead of the code where the changes originate from, and (2) they are vendor-specific while A-BIM models might be generated for different BIM applications. In this paper, we discuss the use of Version Control (VC) for project management and concurrent development of A-BIM projects. We evaluate VC for A-BIM through a series of scenarios in the context of a case study.
keywords	Algorithmic Design; Programming; Algorithmic-based Building Information Modelling; Version Control; Collaborative Design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia17_266
id	acadia17_266
authors	Gonzalez Rojas,Paloma
year	2017
title	Space and Motion: Data-Driven Model of 4D Pedestrian Behavior
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.266
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 266-273
summary	The understanding of space relies on motion, as we experience space by crossing it in time, space’s fourth dimension. However, architects lack the necessary tools to incorporate people's motion into their design of space. As a consequence, architects fail to connect space with the motion of the people that inhabit their buildings, creating disorienting environments. Further, what if augmentation technology changes how we inhabit space and the static built environment does not fit people anymore? This paper explores the problem of developing a model from people's motion, to inform and augment the architecture design process in the early stages. As an outcome, I have designed a model based on data from human-space interaction obtained through field work. First, relevant behavior was identified and recorded. Second, a metric was extracted from the data and composed by speed, the 4th D dimension as time, and gestures. Third, the original behavior was rebuilt, producing a set of rules. The rules were combined to form the model of human-space interaction. This generalizable model provides a novel approach to designing space based on data from people. Moreover, this paper presents a means of incorporating inhabitants' behavior into digital design. Finally, the model contributes to the advancement of people's motion research for general applications, such as in transport engineering, robotics, and cognitive sciences.
keywords	design methods; information processing; simulation & optimization; data visualization
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	acadia17_318
id	acadia17_318
authors	Khan, Sumbul; Tunçer, Bige
year	2017
title	Intuitive and Effective Gestures for Conceptual Architectural Design: An Analysis Of User Elicited Hand Gestures For 3D CAD Modeling
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.318
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 318- 323
summary	Gesture-based natural interfaces necessitate research into gestures that are intuitive for designers and effective for natural interaction. Intuitive knowledge is significant for conceptual design as it reduces time taken to complete tasks and improves usability of products. In a previously conducted experiment, we elicited gestures for 3D CAD modeling tasks for conceptual architectural design. In this study, we present a preliminary analysis of intuitiveness scores of gestures and evaluators’ ratings to analyze which gestures were more intuitive and effective for CAD manipulation tasks. Results show that gestures with high intuitive scores were not necessarily rated as effective by evaluators and that bimanual symmetric gestures consistently scored high for both intuitiveness and effectiveness. Based on our findings we give recommendations for the design of gesture-based CAD modeling systems for single and multiple users.
keywords	design methods; information processing; HCI; collaboration; art and technology
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia17_330
id	acadia17_330
authors	Krietemeyer, Bess; Bartosh, Amber; Covington, Lorne
year	2017
title	Shared Realities: A Method for Adaptive Design Incorporating Real-Time User Feedback using Virtual Reality and 3D Depth-Sensing Systems
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.330
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 330- 339
summary	When designing interactive architectural systems and environments, the ability to gather user feedback in real time provides valuable insight into how the system is received and ultimately performs. However, physically testing or simulating user behavior with an interactive system outside of the actual context of use can be challenging due to time constraints and assumptions that do not reflect accurate social, behavioral, or environmental conditions. Employing evidence based, user-centered design practices from the field of human–computer interaction (HCI) coupled with emerging architectural design methodologies creates new opportunities for achieving optimal system performance and design usability for interactive architectural systems. This paper presents a methodology for developing a mixed reality computational workflow combining 3D depth sensing and virtual reality (VR) to enable iterative user-centered design. Using an interactive museum installation as a case study, user pointcloud data is observed via VR at full scale and in real time for a new design feedback experience. Through this method, the designer is able to virtually position him/herself among the museum installation visitors in order to observe their actual behaviors in context and iteratively make modifications instantaneously. In essence, the designer and user effectively share the same prototypical design space in different realities. Experimental deployment and preliminary results of the shared reality workflow are presented to demonstrate the viability of the method for the museum installation case study and for future interactive architectural design applications. Contributions to computational design, technical challenges, and ethical considerations are discussed for future work.
keywords	design methods; information processing; hci; VR; AR; mixed reality; computer vision
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia17_350
id	acadia17_350
authors	Leach, Neil
year	2017
title	Zoom Space: The Limits of Representation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.350
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 350- 359
summary	What happens when we reduce architecture to the logic of representation? This question is set in perspective by the recent re-emergence of certain discourses in architecture that see the world in terms of style, and that privilege the appearance and form of a design over its performance and the processes that generate it. This in turn is being fed by certain digital platforms that encourage the user to see the world solely in visual terms. The issue comes to a head with the practice of zooming in and out on the computer screen, a practice that helps architects to operate seemingly effortlessly at a range of different scales, from jewelry through to the city, but is not without its problems. This paper looks first at the challenges of operating at different scales by drawing on insights from the world of biology, and considers the performance-based issues being overlooked in this process of zooming in and out. It then goes on to theorize the problem by drawing upon the distinction between extensive and intensive properties as promoted by Manuel DeLanda following the work of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, and considers the relevance of this distinction for architectural design. The paper concludes that we can never escape representation, but by focusing solely on it at the expense of performance—and vice versa—we are overlooking an important factor that defines architecture.
keywords	design methods; information processing; representation; form finding
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia17_366
id	acadia17_366
authors	Lin, Yuming; Huang, Weixin
year	2017
title	Behavior Analysis and Individual Labeling Using Data from Wi-Fi IPS
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.366
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 366- 373
summary	It is fairly important for architects and urban designers to understand how different people interact with the environment. However, traditional investigation methods for studying environmental behavior are quite limited in their coverage of samples and regions, which are not sufficient to delve into the behavioral differences of people. Only recently, the development of indoor positioning systems (IPS) and data-mining techniques has made it possible to collect full-time, full-coverage data for behavioral difference research and individualized identification. In our research, the Wi-Fi IPS system is chosen among the various IPS systems as the data source due to its extensive applicability and acceptable cost. In this paper, we analyzed a 60-day anonymized dataset from a ski resort, collected by a Wi-Fi IPS system with 110 Wi-Fi access points. Combining this with mobile phone data and questionnaires, we revealed some interesting characteristics of tourists from different origins through spatial-temporal behavioral data, and further conducted individual labeling through supervised learning. Through this case study, temporal-spatial behavioral data from an IPS system exhibited great potential in revealing individual characteristics besides exploring group differences, shedding light on the prospect of architectural space personalization.
keywords	design methods; information processing; data mining; big data
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia17_404
id	acadia17_404
authors	Miller, Nathan; Stasiuk, David
year	2017
title	A Novel Mesh-Based Workflow for Complex Geometry in BIM
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.404
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 404- 413
summary	Various well-established digital modeling software platforms enable architectural design teams to rapidly sculpt and iterate over complex, doubly curved, and organic geometries. However, the software platforms that are used to author such geometries are rarely the same that are used for later-stage project development and delivery. For these phases of project execution, projects of even modest complexity are managed through building information modeling (BIM) software. Yet most BIM solutions are not suitable for natively handling the design of geometrically complex forms, failing to provide lightweight, responsive, or flexible authoring interfaces. A further complication is their inability to readily import or integrate any complex geometric elements or assemblies generated elsewhere. The development of improvements to interoperability between authoring and production software therefore remains an important goal in contemporary architectural practice. This paper describes a practical methodology that then engages various Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and open-source programming tools to address the problem of interoperability for complex geometry in BIM. Specifically, it identifies meshes as a well-positioned data structure for use within the context of preparing complex design geometry for BIM production. We describe a novel technique for the efficient interoperability of complex NURBS poly-surface objects from one authoring platform, employing design meshes that cleanly capture not just geometry, but also user and procedurally derived descriptive data elements for advanced representation and analysis within a BIM production environment.
keywords	design methods; information processing; BIM
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	acadia17_446
id	acadia17_446
authors	Nejur, Andrei; Steinfeld, Kyle
year	2017
title	Ivy: Progress in Developing Practical Applications for a Weighted-Mesh Representation for Use in Generative Architectural Design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.446
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 446- 455
summary	This paper presents progress in the development of practical applications for graph representations of meshes for a variety of problems relevant to generative architectural design (GAD). In previous work (Nejur and Steinfeld 2016), the authors demonstrated that while approaches to marrying mesh and graph representations drawn from computer graphics (CG) can be effective within the domains of applications for which they have been developed, they have not adequately addressed wider classes of problems in GAD. There, the authors asserted that a generalized framework for working with graph representations of meshes can effectively bring recent advances in mesh segmentation to bear on GAD problems, a utility demonstrated through the development of a plug-in for the visual programming environment Grasshopper. Here, we describe a number of implemented solutions to mesh segmentation and transformation problems, articulated as a series of additional features developed as a part of this same software. Included are problems of mesh segmentation approached through the creation of acyclic connected graphs (trees); problems of mesh transformations, such as those that unfold a segmented mesh in anticipation of fabrication; and problems of geometry generation in relation to a segmented mesh, as demonstrated through a generalized approach to mesh weaving. We present these features in the context of their potential applications in GAD and provide a limited set of examples for their use.
keywords	design methods; information processing
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	acadia17_482
id	acadia17_482
authors	Penman, Scott
year	2017
title	Toward Computational Play
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.482
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 482- 491
summary	The day is not far off when autonomous, artificially intelligent agents will be employed in creative industries such as architecture and design. Artificial intelligence is rapidly becoming ubiquitous, and it has absorbed many capabilities once thought beyond its reach. As such, it is critical that we reflect on the relationship between AI and design. Design is often tasked with pushing the envelope in the quest for novel meaning and experience. Designers can’t always rely upon existing models to judge their work. Operating like this requires a curious and open mind, a willingness to eschew reward and occasionally break the rules, and a desire to explore for the sake of exploring. These behaviors fly in the face of traditional implementations of computation and raise difficult questions about the autonomy and subjectivity of artificially intelligent machines. This paper proposes computational play as a field of research that covers how and why designers roam as freely as they do, what the creative potential of such exploration might be, and how such techniques might responsibly be implemented in computational machines. The work argues that autotelism, defined as internal motivation, is an essential aspect of play and outlines how it can be incorporated in a computational framework. The work also demonstrates a proof-of-concept in the form of an autonomous drawing machine that is able to plot a drawing, view the drawing, and make decisions based on what it sees, bringing computational vision and computational drawing together into a cyclical process that permits the use of autotelic play behavior.
keywords	design methods; information processing; art and technology; computational / artistic cultures
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	acadia17_552
id	acadia17_552
authors	Sjoberg, Christian; Beorkrem, Christopher; Ellinger, Jefferson
year	2017
title	Emergent Syntax: Machine Learning for the Curation of Design Solution Space
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.552
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 552- 561
summary	The expanding role of computational models in the process of design is producing exponential growth in parameter spaces. As designers, we must create and implement new methods for searching these parameter spaces, considering not only quantitative optimization metrics but also qualitative features. This paper proposes a methodology that leverages the pattern modeling properties of artificial neural networks to capture designers' inexplicit selection criteria and create user-selection-based fitness functions for a genetic solver. Through emulation of learned selection patterns, fitness functions based on trained networks provide a method for qualitative evaluation of designs in the context of a given population. The application of genetic solvers for the generation of new populations based on the trained network selections creates emergent high-density clusters in the parameter space, allowing for the identification of solutions that satisfy the designer’s inexplicit criteria. The results of an initial user study show that even with small numbers of training objects, a search tool with this configuration can begin to emulate the design criteria of the user who trained it.
keywords	design methods; information processing; AI; machine learning; generative system
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia17_610
id	acadia17_610
authors	Thariyan, Elizabeth; Beorkrem, Christopher; Ellinger, Jefferson
year	2017
title	Buildable Performance Envelopes: Optimizing Sustainable Design in a Pre-Design Phase
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.610
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 610- 619
summary	The growing consciousness regarding ecologically conscious architecture mandates a deeper understanding of the strategies that may be adopted by designers towards achieving this goal. With the advent of building information modelling (BIM) and the associated paradigm shift in the design process, it has become increasingly possible to make informed decisions earlier on in the design process. Despite this advancement, the architectural realm continues to lack computational resources that are capable of providing formal guidelines, through a generative process, that serve as a starting point for sustainable design. Towards overcoming this limitation, this paper will describe a computational tool that generates buildable performance envelopes in response to aspects of a site that are influential in designing sustainably: climate and context. These envelopes are created in a generative manner through the utilization of a voxel (three-dimensional pixel) matrix, which continually updates itself based on formal elements created by the user. Facilitating the process of making ecologically conscious design decisions at the earliest stages of design, which is the primary goal of this tool, more substantially increases the achieved energy optimization. Illustrative building designs presented in the paper resulting from the testing of this tool in contrasting climate zones, such as Miami, Florida (ASHRAE Zone 01) and Aspen, Colorado (ASHRAE Zone 07), confirms the assertion that the performance envelopes generated with this tool serve only as a guideline for optimized sustainable design, and not as the final form of the building itself.
keywords	design methods; information processing; BIM; simulation & optimization; form finding
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	acadia17_670
id	acadia17_670
authors	Zwierzycki, Mateusz; Vestartas, Petras; Heinrich, Mary Katherine; Ayres, Phil
year	2017
title	High Resolution Representation and Simulation of Braiding Patterns
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2017.670
source	ACADIA 2017: DISCIPLINES & DISRUPTION [Proceedings of the 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-96506-1] Cambridge, MA 2-4 November, 2017), pp. 670- 679
summary	From the hand-crafted to the highly engineered, braided structures have demonstrated broad versatility across scales, materials, and performance types, leading to their use in a plethora of application domains. Despite this prevalence, braided structures have seen little exploration within a contemporary architectural context. Within the flora robotica project, complex braided structures are a core element of the architectural vision, driving a need for generalized braid design modeling tools that can support fabrication. Due to limited availability of existing suitable tools, this interest motivates the development of a digital toolset for design exploration. In this paper, we present our underlying methods of braid topology representation and physics-based simulation for hollow tubular braids. We contextualize our approach in the literature where existing methods for this class of problem are not directly suited to our application, but offer important foundations. Generally, the tile generation method we employ is an already known approach, but we meaningfully extend it to increase the flexibility and scope of topologies able to be modeled. Our methods support design workflows with both predetermined target geometries and generative, adaptive inputs. This provides a high degree of design agency by supporting real-time exploration and modification of topologies. We address some common physical simulation problems, mainly the overshooting problem and collision detection optimization, for which we develop dynamic simulation constraints. This enables unrolling into realistically straight strips, our key fabrication-oriented contribution. We conclude by outlining further work, specifically the design and realization of physical braids, fabricated robotically or by hand.
keywords	design methods; information processing; fabrication; digital craft; manual craft; representation
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

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