CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id sigradi2018_1744
id sigradi2018_1744
authors de Toledo e Gazel, Jorge Lira; Carmo Pena Martinez, Andressa; dos Santos, Denise Mônaco; Lopes de Souza, Douglas
year 2018
title 2 BITS: A case of mass customization for social housing
source SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 353-358
summary This work presents a design for mass customization of modular housing applied to the Brazilian case, through modeling in grasshopper. These parametric tools contribute to an increase in the flexibility of the decisions and allow the execution, generating a wide range of solutions for the same problem. As a case study, it was considered the environmental disaster which occurred in the city of Mariana, whose homeless population remains displaced. Although in the initial phase of studies, this modular housing model aims to discuss principles of variability, flexibility, and pre-fabrication, delegating more decisions to end-users of large-scale social housing.
keywords mass customization; parametric design; social housing
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id acadia18_156
id acadia18_156
authors Huang, Weixin; Zheng, Hao
year 2018
title Architectural Drawings Recognition and Generation through Machine Learning
source ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 156-165
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2018.156
summary With the development of information technology, the ideas of programming and mass calculation were introduced into the design field, resulting in the growth of computer- aided design. With the idea of designing by data, we began to manipulate data directly, and interpret data through design works. Machine Learning as a decision making tool has been widely used in many fields. It can be used to analyze large amounts of data and predict future changes. Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is a model framework in machine learning. It’s specially designed to learn and generate output data with similar or identical characteristics. Pix2pixHD is a modified version of GAN that learns image data in pairs and generates new images based on the input. The author applied pix2pixHD in recognizing and generating architectural drawings, marking rooms with different colors and then generating apartment plans through two convolutional neural networks. Next, in order to understand how these networks work, the author analyzed their framework, and provided an explanation of the three working principles of the networks, convolution layer, residual network layer and deconvolution layer. Lastly, in order to visualize the networks in architectural drawings, the author derived data from different layer and different training epochs, and visualized the findings as gray scale images. It was found that the features of the architectural plan drawings have been gradually learned and stored as parameters in the networks. As the networks get deeper and the training epoch increases, the features in the graph become more concise and clearer. This phenomenon may be inspiring in understanding the designing behavior of humans.
keywords full paper, design study, generative design, ai + machine learning, ai & machine learning
series ACADIA
type paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:49

_id acadia18_126
id acadia18_126
authors Johns, Ryan Luke; Anderson, Jeffrey
year 2018
title Interfaces for Adaptive Assembly
source ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 126-135
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2018.126
summary While robotic tools have greatly expanded the scope of computational control and design freedom in architectural assembly, the vast majority of projects involving robotic customization depend on standardized, mass produced components. By relinquishing some design agency to automated systems which respond to on-site material variations, it is possible to produce methods of construction which rely on locally-sourced components with low embodied energy. Such adaptive automation can provide resource efficiency and the aesthetic advantages of natural or reclaimed materials, but can also beget technical challenges of increasing complexity. By expanding design goals to incorporate intuitive collaborative interfaces, technical gaps can be understood even by non-experts, and leveraged towards new forms of creative expression.

This paper presents the results of an interactive installation in which visitors can provide any variety of objects to a collaborative robotic manipulator (UR5) which recognizes part geometry and attempts to construct a dry-stacked wall from the material offerings. A visual and auditory interface provides suggestions and error messages to participants to facilitate an understanding of the acceptable material morphologies which can be used within the constraints of the system.

keywords full paper, materials & adaptive systems, non-production robotics, digital materials, representation + perception
series ACADIA
type paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id caadria2018_134
id caadria2018_134
authors Kawabe, Akihiro and Watanabe, Shun
year 2018
title An Analysis of Mixed Land Use Toward Designing the Compact City
source T. Fukuda, W. Huang, P. Janssen, K. Crolla, S. Alhadidi (eds.), Learning, Adapting and Prototyping - Proceedings of the 23rd CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 17-19 May 2018, pp. 493-502
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.493
summary Applying the method of "Land-Use Mix" (Amindabari et al. (2013)) and Focusing on changes in highly mixed land use areas within an extensive survey area and detailed analytical unit, the analysis in this study revealed some trends of distribution of mixed land use areas and their declining patterns in the eastern part of Saitama Prefecture, Japan. For example, among the changing land use patterns of Highly-Mixed-Points-as-of-1994, the pattern that a decreasing mixture index was associated with increasing residential land and decreasing commercial land occurred most often, and the points that changed with that pattern accounted for about 32% of all the Highly Mixed Points, and about 51% of the decrease in mixture index points.
keywords Metropolitan Form Analysis; Land-Use Mix; GIS; Mixed land use; Compact City
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52

_id sigradi2018_1587
id sigradi2018_1587
authors Maia, Marcelo; Borges, Jéssica; Brito, Michele; de Sá, Ana Isabel
year 2018
title Internet of Things Technology and Policy in Belo Horizonte Public Transportation System
source SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 568-573
summary From a critical point of view regarding Smart Cities, this paper presents an overview of Brazilian policies concerning the application of Internet of Things (IoT) on public transportation systems, using as a case study the city of Belo Horizonte. We performed a critical analysis of its public transportation system considering the already installed IoT infrastructure, including mobile communication technology that uses distributed locative media among users. Our main focus was understanding its use, potential and political dimension, specially concerning terms of use and data distribution and sharing between users, public administration and private companies that compose the transportation system.
keywords urban transportation system; technopolitics; internet of things; smart city; instant city
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id ecaade2018_425
id ecaade2018_425
authors Foged, Isak Worre and Jensen, Mads Brath
year 2018
title Thermal Compositions Through Robot Based Thermal Mass Distribution
source Kepczynska-Walczak, A, Bialkowski, S (eds.), Computing for a better tomorrow - Proceedings of the 36th eCAADe Conference - Volume 1, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland, 19-21 September 2018, pp. 783-790
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2018.1.783
summary This work develops, implement and test a method and model for the distribution of material in relation to thermal performances through robot based extrusion of concrete. The aim is to suggest a way for architecture to use advanced fabrication techniques towards environmental passive strategies, which potentially decrease a buildings operative energy budget, while creating articulated thermal sensations for humans. Through computational, material and design explorations, by prototypes and a final demonstrator, the work proposes how thermal mass can be organized both in terms of its robot based successive fabrication based layering and as an approach to generate an assembly of thermal based building blocks into architectural structures.
keywords Robot based concrete extrusion; Thermal Architecture; Simulation; Demonstrator
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:51

_id ecaade2018_213
id ecaade2018_213
authors Lohse, Theresa, Fujii, Ryuta and Werner, Liss C.
year 2018
title Multi-Dimensional Interface Based Spatial Adaption - A Prototype For A Multi-Sensory User Interface Employing Elastic Materials
source Kepczynska-Walczak, A, Bialkowski, S (eds.), Computing for a better tomorrow - Proceedings of the 36th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland, 19-21 September 2018, pp. 169-176
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2018.2.169
summary Patten and Ishii (2000) discovered that people are employing more versatile strategies for spatial distribution when using a tangible user interface (TUI) as opposed to a graphics user interface (GUI) (Patten & Ishii, 2000). Besides, the generated information outputs of conventional two-dimensional interacting screens are currently almost entirely addressing the visual and acoustic senses but lacking in other sensory stimuli - such as haptic, body equilibrium and sense of gravity. With the experiment described here, the multi-dimensionality of both the input on the interface and the output of the human interaction will be challenged. This paper aims to introduce a method to a real world versatile three-dimensional interface actuating a simulated spatial environment that substantiates the more unconventional sensory perception mentioned above. A physical prototype using an Arduino will be assembled to test the feasibility of the structure.
keywords spatial formation; virtual reality; tangible user interface; body equilibrium; physical computing
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59

_id ecaade2018_215
id ecaade2018_215
authors Mohite, Ashish, Kochneva, Mariia and Kotnik, Toni
year 2018
title Material Agency in CAM of Undesignable Textural Effects - The study of correlation between material properties and textural formation engendered by experimentation with G-code of 3D printer
source Kepczynska-Walczak, A, Bialkowski, S (eds.), Computing for a better tomorrow - Proceedings of the 36th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland, 19-21 September 2018, pp. 293-300
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2018.2.293
summary This paper presents intermediate results of an experimental research directed towards development of a method to use additive manufacturing technology as a generative agent in architectural design process. The primary technique is to variate speed of material deposition of a 3D printer in order to produce undetermined textural effects. These effects demonstrate local variation of material distribution, which is treated as a consequence of interaction between machining parameters and material properties. Current stage of inquiry is concerned with studying material agency by using two different materials as variables in the same experimental setup. The results suggest potential benefits for mass-customized fabrication and deeper understanding of how different materials can be employed in the same manufacturing system to achieve a range of effective behaviors.
keywords digital fabrication; digital craft
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58

_id caadria2018_167
id caadria2018_167
authors Sun, Chengyu, Zheng, Zhaohua, Wang, Yuze, Sun, Tongyu and Ruiz, Laura
year 2018
title A Topological-Rule-Based Algorithm Converting a Point Cloud into a Key-Feature Mesh
source T. Fukuda, W. Huang, P. Janssen, K. Crolla, S. Alhadidi (eds.), Learning, Adapting and Prototyping - Proceedings of the 23rd CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 17-19 May 2018, pp. 597-606
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.597
summary As a bridge between tangible models and digital counter parts in almost all the architectural applications with Tangible User Interface, converting point clouds scanned from objects into light meshes with key-features are essential in the human-computer interaction. In this paper, an algorithm based on topological rules is introduced, which focuses on computing a topological-right mesh from a point cloud scanned by a low-cost device in real time. Mesh faces are extracted by analyzing distribution of the normal vectors of neighbor point clusters and mesh vertexes are calculated according to the topological conditions of local surrounding faces. Such a final key-feature mesh has the largest geometric similarity and least vertexes to the tangible model at an architectural cognitive level, whose dimensional accuracy is at an acceptable level concerning the low-cost device used.
keywords Tangible model; Point cloud; Mesh simplification; Human Computer Interaction
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56

_id sigradi2018_1484
id sigradi2018_1484
authors Alves de Oliveira, Amanda Aline; Sakurai, Tatiana
year 2018
title The transformations of the "Do-It-Yourself" culture and the context provided by digital manufacturing in furniture design
source SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 1258-1263
summary This article seeks to deal with the evolution of the DIY culture during its most important periods for the history of furniture and confers great importance to the present reality that provides the constitution of these artifacts through digital manufacturing. Thus, issues such as the quality of what has been produced and even the relevance of design professionals of the culture of making in the digital era are treated.
keywords DIY; Digital fabrication; Furniture; Fab Labs Livres SP
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id sigradi2018_1885
id sigradi2018_1885
authors Herrera, Pablo C.
year 2018
title Artisans and Digital Craft in Latin America: The contribution of architects to their creativity and production
source SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 1179-1186
summary This research explores the work of a generation of Latin-American architects who use programming and fabrication with traditional artisans. In the 21st century, this scenario was empowered from experiences produced in Fab Labs and Makerspaces in the context of localisms. We look at how digital technologies improve their processes, focusing on creation, adapting to the new economy, strengthening the regional identity in the scene of globalized Design, when political discourse drives innovation and technology to its benefit. The main objective is to understand the coexistence of designers and traditional artisans, providing experiences that could strengthen the identity of design in the region.
keywords Artisan, Digital Craft, Digital Fabrication, Latin America
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id sigradi2018_1519
id sigradi2018_1519
authors Lemus Villagómez, Renato Arturo; Lobato Valdespino, Juan Carlos
year 2018
title Temporary shelter design from a digital-analog design process: Habitable emergent solution for operational resilience
source SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 1264-1271
summary This work proposes an emerging habitable solution for families with children receiving attention in a public hospital, which do not include a shelter service for them. In this case of study, an informal settlement has grown for years in the surroundings of the hospital. The phenomenon is identified and analyzed, the variables activating the resilience systems and the self-organization capacities of those affected, to generate alternative solutions within an evolved vision that improve the emotional and habitability conditions of the families living in the settlement. The methodological process is composed of five stages: Diagnosis, analysis-synthesis, design determinants and design alternatives.
keywords Shelter; Emergence; Resilient; Design, Fab-Lab
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id cdrf2021_286
id cdrf2021_286
authors Yimeng Wei, Areti Markopoulou, Yuanshuang Zhu,Eduardo Chamorro Martin, and Nikol Kirova
year 2021
title Additive Manufacture of Cellulose Based Bio-Material on Architectural Scale
source Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES The 3rd International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2021)

doi https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_27
summary There are severe environmental and ecological issues once we evaluate the architecture industry with LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), such as emission of CO2 caused by necessary high temperature for producing cement and significant amounts of Construction Demolition Waste (CDW) in deteriorated and obsolete buildings. One of the ways to solve these problems is Bio-Material. CELLULOSE and CHITON is the 1st and 2nd abundant substance in nature (Duro-Royo, J.: Aguahoja_ProgrammableWater-based Biocomposites for Digital Design and Fabrication across Scales. MIT, pp. 1–3 (2019)), which means significantly potential for architectural dimension production. Meanwhile, renewability and biodegradability make it more conducive to the current problem of construction pollution. The purpose of this study is to explore Cellulose Based Biomaterial and bring it into architectural scale additive manufacture that engages with performance in the material development, with respect to time of solidification and control of shrinkage, as well as offering mechanical strength. At present, the experiments have proved the possibility of developing a cellulose-chitosan- based composite into 3D-Printing Construction Material (Sanandiya, N.D., Vijay, Y., Dimopoulou, M., Dritsas, S., Fernandez, J.G.: Large-scale additive manufacturing with bioinspired cellulosic materials. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 1–5 (2018)). Moreover, The research shows that the characteristics (Such as waterproof, bending, compression, tensile, transparency) of the composite can be enhanced by different additives (such as xanthan gum, paper fiber, flour), which means it can be customized into various architectural components based on Performance Directional Optimization. This solution has a positive effect on environmental impact reduction and is of great significance in putting the architectural construction industry into a more environment-friendly and smart state.
series cdrf
email
last changed 2022/09/29 07:53

_id acadia18_394
id acadia18_394
authors Adel, Arash; Thoma, Andreas; Helmreich, Matthias; Gramazio, Fabio; Kohler, Matthias
year 2018
title Design of Robotically Fabricated Timber Frame Structures
source ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 394-403
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2018.394
summary This paper presents methods for designing nonstandard timber frame structures, which are enabled by cooperative multi-robotic fabrication at building-scale. In comparison to the current use of automated systems in the timber industry for the fabrication of plate-like timber frame components, this research relies on the ability of robotic arms to spatially assemble timber beams into bespoke timber frame modules. This paper investigates the following topics: 1) A suitable constructive system facilitating a just-in-time robotic fabrication process. 2) A set of assembly techniques enabling cooperative multi-robotic spatial assembly of bespoke timber frame modules, which rely on a man-machine collaborative scenario. 3) A computational design process, which integrates architectural requirements, fabrication constraints, and assembly logic. 4) Implementation of the research in the design and construction of a multi-story building, which validates the developed methods and highlights the architectural implications of this approach.
keywords full paper, fabrication & robotics, generative design, computation, timber architecture
series ACADIA
type paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id acadia18_216
id acadia18_216
authors Ahrens, Chandler; Chamberlain, Roger; Mitchell, Scott; Barnstorff, Adam
year 2018
title Catoptric Surface
source ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 216-225
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2018.216
summary The Catoptric Surface research project explores methods of reflecting daylight through a building envelope to form an image-based pattern of light on the interior environment. This research investigates the generation of atmospheric effects from daylighting projected onto architectural surfaces within a built environment in an attempt to amplify or reduce spatial perception. The mapping of variable organizations of light onto existing or new surfaces creates a condition where the perception of space does not rely on form alone. This condition creates a visual effect of a formless atmosphere and affects the way people use the space. Often the desired quantity and quality of daylight varies due to factors such as physiological differences due to age or the types of tasks people perform (Lechner 2009). Yet the dominant mode of thought toward the use of daylighting tends to promote a homogeneous environment, in that the resulting lighting level is the same throughout a space. This research project questions the desire for uniform lighting levels in favor of variegated and heterogeneous conditions. The main objective of this research is the production of a unique facade system that is capable of dynamically redirecting daylight to key locations deep within a building. Mirrors in a vertical array are individually adjusted via stepper motors in order to reflect more or less intense daylight into the interior space according to sun position and an image-based map. The image-based approach provides a way to specifically target lighting conditions, atmospheric effects, and the perception of space.
keywords full paper, non-production robotics, representation + perception, performance + simulation, building technologies
series ACADIA
type paper
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id ecaade2018_232
id ecaade2018_232
authors Al Bondakji, Louna, Chatzi, Anna-Maria, Heidari Tabar, Minoo, Wesseler, Lisa-Marie and Werner, Liss C.
year 2018
title VR-visualization of High-dimensional Urban Data
source Kepczynska-Walczak, A, Bialkowski, S (eds.), Computing for a better tomorrow - Proceedings of the 36th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland, 19-21 September 2018, pp. 773-780
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2018.2.773
summary The project aims to investigate the possibility of VR in a combination of visualizing high-dimensional urban data. Our study proposes a data-based tool for urban planners, architects, and researchers to 3D visualize and experience an urban quarter. Users have a possibility to choose a specific part of a city according to urban data input like "buildings, streets, and landscapes". This data-based tool is based on an algorithm to translate data from Shapefiles (.sh) in a form of a virtual cube model. The tool can be scaled and hence applied globally. The goal of the study is to improve understanding of the connection and analysis of high-dimensional urban data beyond a two-dimensional static graph or three-dimensional image. Professionals may find an optimized condition between urban data through abstract simulation. By implementing this tool in the early design process, researchers have an opportunity to develop a new vision for extending and optimizing urban materials.
keywords Abstract Urban Data Visualization; Virtual Reality; Geographical Information System
series eCAADe
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54

_id sigradi2018_1277
id sigradi2018_1277
authors Alani, Mostafa
year 2018
title Heritage at Stake: Computational Design Processes for Rescuing Mosul’s Architectural Identity
source SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 165-169
summary A generative algorithm for exploring the virtual design space of historic houses in the city of Mosul is presented. The method aims to progressively engage the spatial organization of traditional houses through investigating existing examples.
keywords Traditional Mosul houses; Generative design; Shape grammar; Computation
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id sigradi2018_1535
id sigradi2018_1535
authors Almeida, Caio; Brandão, Guilherme; Lima, Fernando; Borges, Marcos
year 2018
title Spatial Proxemics: experiments and contributions of anthropological relationships in digital media
source SIGraDi 2018 [Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISSN: 2318-6968] Brazil, São Carlos 7 - 9 November 2018, pp. 1279-1284
summary Proxemics was first defined by Edward. T. Hall as being the relations between non-verbal communications in a determined space. This paper aims to promote a theoretical interpolation between diverse study fields with new contemporary urbanism paradigms supported by technology and anthropological relations. In this optics, to provide a better understanding of possible characteristics within the proxemics theory can translate into a better spatial understanding and city improvement from an analysis methodology using digital tools.
keywords Proxemics; Architecture; Urbanism; Phenomenology; Digital space
series SIGRADI
email
last changed 2021/03/28 19:58

_id acadia18_18
id acadia18_18
authors Anzalone, Phillip; Del Signore, Marcella; Wit, Andrew John (eds.)
year 2018
title Computational Infidelities
source ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 18-19
series ACADIA
type chapter introduction
email
last changed 2019/01/07 12:21

_id acadia18_242
id acadia18_242
authors Anzalone, Phillip; Del Signore, Marcella; Wit, Andrew John (eds.)
year 2018
title Imprecision in Materials + Production
source ACADIA // 2018: Recalibration. On imprecisionand infidelity. [Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-692-17729-7] Mexico City, Mexico 18-20 October, 2018, pp. 242-243
series ACADIA
type introduction
email
last changed 2019/01/07 12:22

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