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CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures
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_id ecaadesigradi2019_061
id ecaadesigradi2019_061
authors Alkadri, Miktha Farid, De Luca, Francesco, Turrin, Michela and Sariyildiz, Sevil
year 2019
title Making use of Point Cloud for Generating Subtractive Solar Envelopes
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.633
source Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 633-640
summary As a contextual and passive design strategy, solar envelopes play a great role in determining building mass based on desirable sun access during the predefined period. With the rapid evolution of digital tools, the design method of solar envelopes varies in different computational platforms. However, current approaches still lack in covering the detailed complex geometry and relevant information of the surrounding context. This, consequently, affects missing information during contextual analysis and simulation of solar envelopes. This study proposes a subtractive method of solar envelopes by considering the geometrical attribute contained in the point cloud of TLS (terrestrial laser scanner) dataset. Integration of point cloud into the workflow of solar envelopes not only increases the robustness of final geometry of existing solar envelopes but also enhances awareness of architects during contextual analysis due to consideration of surface properties of the existing environment.
keywords point cloud data; solar envelopes; subtractive method; solar access
series eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54
_id acadia20_202p
id acadia20_202p
authors Battaglia, Christopher A.; Verian, Kho; Miller, Martin F.
year 2020
title DE:Stress Pavilion
source ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 202-207
summary Print-Cast Concrete investigates concrete 3D printing utilizing robotically fabricated recyclable green sand molds for the fabrication of thin shell architecture. The presented process expedites the production of doubly curved concrete geometries by replacing traditional formwork casting or horizontal corbeling with spatial concrete arching by developing a three-dimensional extrusion path for deposition. Creating robust non-zero Gaussian curvature in concrete, this method increases fabrication speed for mass customized elements eliminating two-part mold casting by combining robotic 3D printing and extrusion casting. Through the casting component of this method, concrete 3D prints have greater resolution along the edge condition resulting in tighter assembly tolerances between multiple aggregated components. Print-Cast Concrete was developed to produce a full-scale architectural installation commissioned for Exhibit Columbus 2019. The concrete 3D printed compression shell spanned 12 meters in length, 5 meters in width, and 3 meters in height and consisted of 110 bespoke panels ranging in weight of 45 kg to 160 kg per panel. Geometrical constraints were determined by the bounding box of compressed sand mold blanks and tooling parameters of both CNC milling and concrete extrusion. Using this construction method, the project was able to be assembled and disassembled within the timeframe of the temporary outdoor exhibit, produce <1% of waste mortar material in fabrication, and utilize 60% less material to construct than cast-in-place construction. Using the sand mold to contain geometric edge conditions, the Print-Cast technique allows for precise aggregation tolerances. To increase the pavilions resistance to shear forces, interlocking nesting geometries are integrated into each edge condition of the panels with .785 radians of the undercut. Over extruding strategically during the printing process casts the undulating surface with accuracy. When nested together, the edge condition informs both the construction logic of the panel’s placement and orientation for the concrete panelized shell.
series ACADIA
type project
email
last changed 2021/10/26 08:08
_id caadria2019_453
id caadria2019_453
authors Dai, Rushi, Kerber, Ethan and Brell-Cokcan, Sigrid
year 2019
title Robot Assisted Assembly of Steel Structures - Optimization and Automation of Plasma Cutting and Assembly
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.163
source M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 163-172
summary The digitization of the construction industry integrates innovations in design and fabrication to achieve increased efficiency and performance. This paper details the development of a process for optimizing and automating the design and production of branching steel structures including the use of robotic construction, evolutionary optimization of path planning and the creation of an automatic height control robotic end effector.
keywords digitalization; optimization; automation; steel structures; plasma cutting
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:56
_id caadria2019_280
id caadria2019_280
authors Hack, Norman, Lindemann, Hendrik and Kloft, Harald
year 2019
title Adaptive Modular Spatial Structures for Shotcrete 3D Printing
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.363
source M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 363-372
summary This paper presents a modular, digital construction system for lightweight spatial structures made from reinforced concrete. For design and fabrication, a digital workflow is presented, which includes the rationalization of a freeform geometry into adaptive spatial modules made up entirely of planar components. For fast and precise fabrication, these components are 3D printed using a novel 3D concrete printing technology called "Shotcrete 3D Printing". The ongoing research is demonstrated by an initial real-scale prototype of one exemplary spatial module. Lastly, the paper provides an outlook into future research, which is necessary to make this digital construction system applicable to the real-scale construction of large, wide-spanning structures.
keywords Robotic Fabrication; Digital Construction Systems; Shotcrete 3D Printing; Modular Structures
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50
_id caadria2019_054
id caadria2019_054
authors Hofmeyer, Hèrm, Claessens, Dennis, Boonstra, Sjonnie and de Vries, Bauke
year 2019
title Effects of 3D Zoning of Spatial Designs on the Performance of Structure Systems
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.205
source M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 205-214
summary A particular application for informed building design concerns the intelligent synthesis of a structure system for a conceptual spatial design. As part of this synthesis, the positioning of structural elements is normally related to the surfaces of the spaces that form the spatial design. It is shown that if surfaces of zones are taken instead, with a zone being a group of complete or possibly incomplete spaces, structural performance of the space-based systems may be Pareto dominated by the zone-based systems. This indicates that zones are a useful concept to improve structural performance. Also, the variety of zoned designs for a single spatial design delivers, together with a single structural grammar, many variants for a structure system.
keywords Zoning; Structural Grammar; Structure System
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:50
_id caadria2019_221
id caadria2019_221
authors Ladron de Guevara, Manuel, Borunda, Luis, Ficca, Jeremy, Byrne, Daragh and Krishnamurti, Ramesh
year 2019
title Robotic Free-Oriented Additive Manufacturing Technique for Thermoplastic Lattice and Cellular Structures
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.333
source M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 333-342
summary This paper presents a novel Additive Manufacturing application of situated Robotic Fused Deposition Modeling (RFDM) for thermoplastic cellular and lattice structures, called Free-Oriented Additive Manufacturing (FOAM), to accommodate variations in spatial conditions, deposition direction, and geometry in order to adapt to complex infrastructure settings, thus, breaking the conventional layer-by-layer stacking principle and the constant constraint of locking the tip of the nozzle to the negative Z direction when fabricating at an architectural scale.
keywords Robotic 3D Printing; Situated Fused Deposition; Thermoplastic Lattice Structures
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:52
_id caadria2019_173
id caadria2019_173
authors Ng, Jonathan Ming-En, Ho, Samuel Yu De, Ng, Truman Wei Cheng, Soh, Jia Ying and Dritsas, Stylianos
year 2019
title Fabrication of Ultra-Lightweight Parametric Glass Fiber Reinforced Shell Assemblies
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.013
source M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 13-22
summary We present an experimental form-finding technique for ultra-thin glass fiber reinforced concrete components and assemblies. The objective is to challenge conventional concrete use in construction, often perceived as a massive and compressive structural material. Instead, we targeted production of fine shell assemblies principally operating in tension. To achieve thin profile components, we use a compliant molding technique where premixed GFRC is cast in polyethylene bags. Subsequently, a robotic arm system pins the bags on a substrate plate and the setup is inverted whereby gravity induces a curvature to components while concrete cures. Use of parametric modeling, computer simulation and statistical experimental methods allowed us to understand the behavior of the material process and translate computationally modeled designs into physical artifacts. We discuss the opportunity for digital fabrication methods to fuse with traditional form-finding techniques, contrast the use of computational modeling techniques and present a series of prototypes created through our process.
keywords Digital Fabrication; Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete; Form-Finding
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:58
_id ecaadesigradi2019_549
id ecaadesigradi2019_549
authors Reinhardt, Dagmar, Haeusler, M. Hank, Loke, Lian, de Oliveira Barata, Eduardo, Firth, Charlotte, Khean, Nariddh, London, Kerry, Feng, Yingbin and Watt, Rodney
year 2019
title CoBuilt - Towards a novel methodology for workflow capture and analysis of carpentry tasks for human-robot collaboration
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.207
source Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 207-216
summary Advanced manufacturing and robotic fabrication for the housing construction industry is mainly focused on the use of industrial robots in the pre-fabrication stage. Yet to be fully developed is the use on-site of collaborative robots, able to work cooperatively with humans in a range of construction trades. Our study focuses on the trade of carpentry in small-to-medium size enterprises in the Australian construction industry, seeking to understand and identify opportunities in the current workflows of carpenters for the role of collaborative robots. Prior to presenting solutions for this problem, we first developed a novel methodology for the capture and analysis of the body movements of carpenters, resulting in a suite of visual resources to aid us in thinking through where, what, and how a collaborative robot could participate in the carpentry task. We report on the challenges involved, and outline how the results of applying this methodology will inform the next stage of our research.
keywords Robotic Fabrication; Collaborative Robots; Training Methodology; Machine Learning; Interaction Analysis
series eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed 2022/06/07 08:00
_id caadria2019_344
id caadria2019_344
authors Schubert, Gerhard, Bratoev, Ivan, Strelchenko, Vadym and Petzold, Frank
year 2019
title I Hear, What You Are Doing! - Workspace Awareness in Collaborative Virtual Environments
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.583
source M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 583-592
summary Nowadays Virtual Reality application are mostly used for the presentation and discussion of ideas. To enhance the discussion / creative process, participants require the possibility to make changes to the presentation. Similar to the established processes (e.g. model and sketch) a simultaneous editing of several users will occur in the virtual environment, what leads to problems of user comfort. Such issues are explored in the filed of Workspace Awareness. Possibilities for improving workspace awareness for interactive collaboration in virtual worlds were investigated within an interdisciplinary research project between the fields of computer science and architecture. The basis for this research is the development of various test scenarios, taking into account the requirements of the urban planning context of architecture.
keywords Virtual Reality; Collaboration; Architectural Design; Awareness
series CAADRIA
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:57
_id ecaadesigradi2019_318
id ecaadesigradi2019_318
authors Al Bondakji, Louna, Lammich, Anne-Liese and Werner, Liss C.
year 2019
title ViBe (Virtual Berlin) - Immersive Interactive 3D Urban Data Visualization - Immersive interactive 3D urban data visualization
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.083
source Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 83-90
summary The project investigates the possibility of visualizing open source data in a 3D interactive virtual environment. We propose a new tool, 'ViBe'. We programmed 'ViBe' using Unity for its compatibility with HTC VIVE glasses for virtual reality (VR). ViBe offers an abstract visualization of open source data in a 3D interactive environment. The ViBe environment entails three main topics a) inhabitants, b) environmental factors, and c) land-use; acting as representatives of parameters for cities and urban design. Berlin serves as a case study. The data sets used are divided according to Berlin's twelve administrative districts. The user immerses into the virtual environment where they can choose, using the HTC Vive controllers, which district (or Berlin as a whole) they want information for and which topics they want to be visualized, and they can also teleport back and forth between the different districts. The goal of this project is to represent different urban parameters an abstract simulation where we correlate the corresponding data sets. By experiencing the city through visualized data, ViBe aims to provide the user with a clearer perspective onto the city and the relationship between its urban parameters. ViBe is designed for adults and kids, urban planners, politicians and real estate developers alike.
keywords 3D-Visualization; open source data; immersive virtual reality; interactive ; Unity
series eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:54
_id cf2019_005
id cf2019_005
authors Eisenstadt, Viktor; Klaus-Dieter Althoff and Christoph Langenhan
year 2019
title Supporting Architectural Design Process with FLEA A Distributed AI Methodology for Retrieval, Suggestion, Adaptation, and Explanation of Room Configurations
source Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!"  [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 24
summary The artificial intelligence methods, such as case-based reasoning and artificial neural networks were already applied to the task of architectural design support in a multitude of specific approaches and tools. However, modern AI trends, such as Explainable AI (XAI), and additional features, such as providing contextual suggestions for the next step of the design process, were rarely considered an integral part of these approaches or simply not available. In this paper, we present an application of a distributed AI-based methodology FLEA (Find, Learn, Explain, Adapt) to the task of room configuration during the early conceptual phases of architectural design. The implementation of the methodology in the framework MetisCBR applies CBR-based methods for retrieval of similar floor plans to suggest possibly inspirational designs and to explain the returned results with specific explanation patterns. Furthermore, it makes use of a farm of recurrent neural networks to suggest contextually suitable next configuration steps and to present design variations that show how the designs may evolve in the future. The flexibility of FLEA allows for variational use of its components in order to activate the currently required modules only. The methodology was initialized during the basic research project Metis (funded by German Research Foundation) during which the architectural semantic search patterns and a family of corresponding floor plan representations were developed. FLEA uses these patterns and representations as the base for its semantic search, explanation, next step suggestion, and adaptation components. The methodology implementation was iteratively tested during quantitative evaluations and user studies with multiple floor plan datasets.
keywords Room con?guration, Distributed AI, Case-based reasoning, Neural networks, Explainable AI
series CAAD Futures
type normal paper
email
last changed 2019/07/29 14:11
_id ecaadesigradi2019_408
id ecaadesigradi2019_408
authors Lohse, Theresa and Werner, Liss C.
year 2019
title Semi-flexible Additive Manufacturing Materials for Modularization Purposes - A modular assembly proposal for a foam edge-based spatial framework
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.463
source Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 463-470
summary This paper introduces a series of design and fabrication tests directed towards the use of bendable 3D printing materials in order to simplify a foam bubble-based geometry as a frame structure for modular assembly. The aspiration to reference a spittlebug's bubble cocoon in nature for a light installation in the urban context was integrated into a computational workflow conditioning light-weight, material-, and cost savings along with assembly-simplicity. Firstly, before elaborating on the project motivation and background in foam structures and applications of 3D-printed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) material, this paper describes the physical nature of bubble foams in its relevant aspects. Subsequently this is implemented into the parametric design process for an optimized foam structure with Grasshopper clarifying the need for flexible materials to enhance modular feasibility. Following, the additive manufacturing iterations of the digitally designed node components with TPU are presented and evaluated. Finally, after the test assembly of both components is depicted, this paper assesses the divergence between natural foams and the case study structure with respect to self-organizing behavior.
keywords digital fabrication; 3D Printing; TPU flexibility ; modularity; optimization
series eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:59
_id ecaadesigradi2019_667
id ecaadesigradi2019_667
authors Werner, Liss C.
year 2019
title Form and Data - from linear Calculus to cybernetic Computation and Interaction
doi https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.675
source Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 675-682
summary Digital architecture developed in the 1960s and, supported by CAAD the 1990s, has created the path towards an architecture produced by computer and architect in a mutual relationship. The evolution of architecture since the 1970s led to the beginning of the first digital turn in the 1990s, and subsequently to the emergence of new typologies of buildings, architects and design tools; atom-based, bit-based (virtual) [1], and cyber-physical as a combination of both. The paper provides an insight into historical foundations of CAAD insofar as it engages with complexity in mechanics, geometry, and space between the 1600s and 1950s. I will address a selection of principles discovered, and mechanisms invented before computer-aided-architectural-design; those include the typewriter, the Cartesian grid and a pre-cyber-physical system by Hermann von Helmholtz. The paper concludes with a summary and an outlook to the future of CAAD challenged by the variety of correlations of disparate data sets.
keywords HCI; cyber-physical systems; cybernetics; digital history; computational architecture; Helmholtz
series eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed 2022/06/07 07:57

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