Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	ecaadesigradi2019_464
id	ecaadesigradi2019_464
authors	Santiago, Pedro
year	2019
title	Evolutionary Optimization of Building Facade Form for Energy and Comfort in Urban Environment through BIM and Algorithmic Modeling - A case study in Porto, Portugal
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 153-160
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.153
summary	Consolidated urban areas usually present a challenge for the sustainable design decisions for the architect. The site, orientation and surrounding built environment compromise both passive and active systems, shortening the possible optimization measures available, leaving the designer with doubts as far as efficiency is concerned.BIM methodologies and visual programming languages have opened up a very wide range of design and analysis tools allowing the architect to make informed decisions based on data extracted from the models. Nonetheless it's optimization is through a slow process of trial and error, creating a significant limitation. This paper discusses the potentialities of the use of evolutionary algorithms to generate optimized solutions for facade solar orientation. A comparison between three different evolutionary algorithms aiming for solar radiation, inside average temperature allows to conclude the best result versus time consumed. Although under similar results the multi-objective EA represents the best compromise between time and final objective on the case study chosen for the paper. The interconnectivity in real time of BIM and algorithmic modeling softwares represents an advantage for time saving sustainable design decisions.
keywords	BIM; Evolutionary Optimization; Sustainable design
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_110
id	ecaadesigradi2019_110
authors	Bernal, Marcelo, Marshall, Tyrone, Okhoya, Victor, Chen, Cheney and Haymaker, John
year	2019
title	Parametric Analysis versus Intuition - Assessment of the effectiveness of design expertise
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 103-110
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.103
summary	This paper explores through professional case studies how design solutions produced by expert teams compares to those developed through systematic parametric analysis. While the expert intuition of either single designer or teams helps to rapidly identify relevant aspects of the design problem and produce viable solutions, it has limitation to address multi-criteria design problems with conflicting objectives and searching for design alternatives. On the other hand, parametric analysis techniques in combination with data analysis methods helps to construct and analyze large design spaces of potential design solutions. For the purpose of this study, the specifications of geometric features and material properties of the building envelopes proposed by the expert design teams define the base line to measure the extent of the performance improvements of two typically conflicting objectives: Daylight quality and energy consumption. The results show consistently significant performance improvement after systematic optimization.
keywords	Performance Analysis; Parametric Analysis; Design Space; Design Expertise; Optimization
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	cf2019_008
id	cf2019_008
authors	Han, Zhen; Ning Cao, Gang Liu and Wei Yan
year	2019
title	MOPSO for BIM: A Multi-Objective Optimization Tool Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm on a BIMbased Visual Programming Platform
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, pp. 39-51
summary	With the increasing applications of computational methods in the field of design optimization, intelligent metaheuristic algorithms are playing a more important role in building performance optimization. To enable the integration of optimization algorithms with Building Information Modeling (BIM), this research implemented the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm on Revit + Dynamo, which is a parametric BIM platform. A MultiObjective PSO (MOPSO) Solver has been developed in Dynamo using MATLAB and C# programming languages. The methodology of the research and the validation studies are presented in the paper. The validation studies prove the effectiveness of the MOPSO Solver for both standard optimization test functions and an optimization example of a simplified building design.
keywords	Particle Swarm Optimization, BIM, multi-objective optimization, visual programming
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:08

_id	caadria2019_134
id	caadria2019_134
authors	Li, Yunqin, Zhang, Jiaxin and Yu, Chuanfei
year	2019
title	Intelligent Multi-Objective Optimization Method for Complex Building Layout based on Pedestrian Flow Organization - A case study of People's Court building in Anhui, China
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 271-280
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.271
summary	The pedestrian flow of the building influences and determines the layout of the building's plan. For buildings with complex flow such as courts, airports, and stations, mixed flow line and low traffic efficiency are prone to be problems. However, the optimization of the layout of complex flow buildings usually relies on the architect's experience to judge and trials to improve. To overcome these problems, we attempt to establish a parametric model of buildings' plan (taking a typical court building as an example) with information about the different pedestrian flow and functional groups. Based on the Rhino and Grasshopper platform, we take the minimum of different pedestrian flow path length and the maximum of total spatial integration value and the minimum of total spatial entropy value as the starting point, combines pathfinding algorithm, Space Syntax and multi-objective genetic algorithm to optimize space allocation. The result shows that, compared with the original scheme, the intelligent optimised scheme can reduce the spatial waste caused by improper flow organisation, effectively improve space transportation capacity and spatial organization efficiency.
keywords	Intelligent optimisation; space allocation; multi-objective optimization algorithm; Space Syntax; pathfinding algorithm
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_183
id	ecaadesigradi2019_183
authors	Mughal, Humera and Beirao, Jose
year	2019
title	A Workflow for the Performance Based Design of Naturally Ventilated Tall Buildings Using a Genetic Algorithm (GA)
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 645-654
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.645
summary	Optimization of Natural Ventilation process in highrise buildings is one of the most complex and least addressed phenomenon in the field of sustainable architecture. This issue requires urgent consideration to reduce the computation time due to fast growing demand of vertical construction in metropolitan cities. Until recently most highrise buildings have been operated with mechanical systems, causing high energy loads in hot climates and have high carbon footprints. Highrise buildings with natural ventilation and sky gardens can address these problems. This study involves the development of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) addressing the multi objective optimization of natural ventilation in tall buildings incorporated with Sky-Gardens at different levels all connected through a central ventilation shaft. The fitness function for this GA is composed of three scales; temperature reduction due to evapotranspiration of plants of sky-gardens, optimum wind velocity for channelizing air inside the corridors and ventilation shaft, and optimum building configuration. The aim is to find the best solutions for tall buildings constructed in hot climate through the provision of optimized airflow paths suitable for the effectiveness of natural ventilation, within a reasonably short computation time for supporting design processes at early stage.
keywords	Optimization; Natural Ventilation; Tall buildings; Genetic Algorithms
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia20_148p
id	acadia20_148p
authors	Vansice, Kyle; Attraya, Rahul; Culligan, Ryan; Johnson, Benton; Sondergaard, Asbjorn; Peters, Nate
year	2020
title	Stereoform Slab
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 148-153
summary	Stereoform Slab is both a pavilion and a prototype - an exhibition for the 2019 Chicago Architectural Biennial. It is an experiment in how digital form-finding and robotics can be leveraged to rethink the future of concrete construction. Stereoform Slab examines the role of one of the most ubiquitous horizontal elements in the city - the concrete slab, also the most common element in contemporary construction. Using smarter forming systems - in this case, a ruled-surface-derived, robotic hotwire process - the Stereoform Slab prototype proved that the amount of material used and waste generated could be minimized without increasing construction complexity, by about 20% over a conventional system. Stereoform also extends the conventional concrete span (column spacing), specifically in Chicago, from 30’ to 45’. In developing a concrete forming system that affords added flexibility without increasing construction costs, it is possible to reduce embodied carbon significantly. The method allows reducing carbon in buildings that aren’t typically the subject of advanced architectural design or rigorous optimization – conventional buildings that compose a majority of our built environment, and its respective contributions to global carbon emissions. Stereoform is the result of a multi-objective design optimization process. Optimal materialization, according to the compressive/tensile physics present in beam design, was balanced against the fabrication constraints of a singularly ruled-surface, which enables fast form-making using robotic hotwire cutting. SOM and Autodesk collaborated to mirror the approach developed to optimize Stereoform slab as a pavilion, to the building scale, using the multi-objective optimization platform Refinery. Project Refinery allowed the team to create a hyper-responsive system design that could adapt to any number of varying programmatic conditions and loading patterns. The development of this approach is a crucial step in making optimization techniques flexible enough to balance the number of competing parameters in the design process available and accessible to a broader design audience within architecture and engineering.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:03

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_456
id	ecaadesigradi2019_456
authors	Pereira, In?s, Belém, Catarina and Leit?o, António
year	2019
title	Optimizing Exhibition Spaces - A Multi-Objective Approach
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 53-62
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.053
summary	Nowadays, there is a widespread awareness towards environmental issues. This is already visible in architecture by the increasing number of analysis tools that evaluate different performance criteria. However, the application of these tools is usually restricted to the final design stages, conditioning the implementation of design changes. Performance-Based Design (PBD) is an approach that addresses this limitation. Through PBD, architects integrate analysis tools since early design stages to make informed decisions regarding the performance of their designs. Since the success of PBD highly depends on the number of evaluations that can be performed, these approaches usually end up benefiting from Parametric Models (PMs), which facilitate the generation of a wide range of design variations, by simply changing the values of the parameters. Furthermore, in order to more efficiently achieve a PBD approach, architects can take advantage of the combination between PMs, analysis tools, and optimization processes. In this paper, we explore this combination to optimize an exhibition space regarding its daylight performance and the material cost of the new elements intended for that space.
keywords	Environmental Design; Algorithmic Design and Analysis; Performance-Based Design; Multi-Objective Optimization; Daylight Optimization
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	caadria2019_413
id	caadria2019_413
authors	Ahrens, Chandler, Chamberlain, Roger, Mitchell, Scott, Barnstorff, Adam and Gelbard, Joshua
year	2019
title	Controlling Daylight Reflectance with Cyber-physical Systems
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 433-442
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.433
summary	Cyber-physical systems increasingly inform and alter the perception of atmospheric conditions within interior environments. The Catoptric Surface research project uses computation and robotics to precisely control the location of reflected daylight through a building envelope to form an image-based pattern of light on the building interior's surfaces. In an attempt to amplify or reduce spatial perception, the daylighting reflected onto architectural surfaces within a built environment generates atmospheric effects. The modification of light patterns mapped onto existing or new surfaces enables the perception of space to not rely on form alone. The mapping of a new pattern that is independent of architectural surfaces creates a visual effect of a formless atmosphere and holds the potential to affect the way people interact with the space. People need different amounts and quality of daylight depending on physiological differences due to age or the types of tasks they perform. This research argues for an informed luminous and atmospheric environment that is relative both to the user and more conceptual architectural aspirations of spatial perception controlled by a cyber-physical robotic faÃ§ade system.
keywords	Contextual; Computation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_555
id	ecaadesigradi2019_555
authors	Bomfim, Kyane and Tavares, Felipe
year	2019
title	Building facade optimization for maximizing the incident solar radiation
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 171-180
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.171
summary	The technological breakthrough on photovoltaic facades and the high potential for installing photovoltaic (PV) systems in the city of Salvador are the motivation for this article. This case study explores the feasibility of implementing solar energy technology on a building facade, proposing a design method for optimizing insolation performance by the form-finding process in a parameterized shape. The goal was to generate a parametric design workflow, in which it could be found some facade shapes, generating triangle and quadrilateral supporting grids, leading to better results in the total amount of radiation in comparison to the basic flat facade. In these supporting grids were evaluated also the fitting in the distribution of quadrilateral commercial PV cells, measuring its geometric compatibility. By the results, it could be verified the gains and losses in PV potential in several instances obtained by the form-finding process, as the potentials to consider this in the design of every building.
keywords	Radiation skydome; Shape parameterization; Form-finding; Genetic Algorithm; PV facade
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2019_172
id	caadria2019_172
authors	G. BelÃ©m, Catarina and LeitÃ£o, AntÃ³nio
year	2019
title	Conflicting Goals in Architecture - A study on Multi-Objective Optimisation
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 453-462
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.453
summary	Sustainability and economic factors are driving architectural practice towards more efficient designs. The application of optimization to the design process becomes essential to reduce the environmental footprint of buildings, as well as to reduce their costs. Building design requirements tend to be conflicting, involving the optimization of multiple goals simultaneously, which often translates to different compromises among the goals. Ideally, to make more informed and intelligent decisions, the architect should be given a set of design variations representing a heterogeneous sample of the optimal compromises one can achieve. In this paper, we discuss different approaches to find such compromises and we focus on multi-objective optimization algorithms that produce the required design variants, applying them in the context of an architectural case study.
keywords	Multi-Objective Optimization; Pareto Optimization
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_138
id	ecaadesigradi2019_138
authors	Kim, Yujin
year	2019
title	Bioinspired Modularity in Evolutionary Computation and a Rule-Based Logic - Design Solutions for Shared Office Space
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 341-348
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.341
summary	Evolutionary computation is a population-based problem solver that is characterized by a stochastic optimization in order to solve both a single objective and multiple objectives. Previous evolutionary computational researches provided various design options and improved optimization through being evolved with fitness criteria, especially when multiple design objectives conflict with one another. In this paper, a rule-based algorithm was combined with the evolutionary computational process to propose an assembly logic of the modules and to improve an architectural building design in order to adapt to environmental changes. Two algorithms - a rule based and generative algorithm- proceeded simultaneously and provided various options as well as optimization in real time. For the experiment set-up, existing buildings were divided into each module; the modules were reinterpreted and reassembled with the logic driven by Evolutionary Developmental Biology. The conclusion is that when a rule based logic is combined with a developmental algorithm with a modular system, it is more efficient for the design process to be analyzed, evaluated, and optimized. The ultimate outcome provides various options in a short amount of time.
keywords	Evolutionary computation; rule-based algorithm; modularity; reassembly
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaade2024_92
id	ecaade2024_92
authors	Mayor Luque, Ricardo; Beguin, Nestor; Rizvi Riaz, Sheikh; Dias, Jessica; Pandey, Sneham
year	2024
title	Multi-material Gradient Additive Manufacturing: A data-driven performative design approach to multi-materiality through robotic fabrication
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 381–390
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.381
summary	Buildings are responsible for 39% of global energy-related carbon emissions, with operational activities contributing 28% and materials and construction accounting for 11%(World Green Building Council, 2019) It is therefore vital to reconsider our reliance on fossil fuels for building materials and to develop new advanced manufacturing techniques that enable an integrated approach to material-controlled conception and production. The emergence of Multi-material Additive Manufacturing (MM-AM) technology represents a paradigm shift in producing elements with hybrid properties derived from novel and optimized solutions. Through robotic fabrication, MM-AM offers streamlined operations, reduced material usage, and innovative fabrication methods. It encompasses a plethora of methods to address diverse construction needs and integrates material gradients through data-driven analyses, challenging traditional prefabrication practices and emphasizing the current growth of machine learning algorithms in design processes. The research outlined in this paper presents an innovative approach to MM-AM gradient 3D printing through robotic fabrication, employing data-driven performative analyses enabling control over print paths for sustainable applications in both the AM industry and our built environment. The article highlights several designed prototypes from two distinct phases, demonstrating the framework's viability, implications, and constraints: a workshop dedicated to data-driven analyses in facade systems for MM-AM 3D-printed brick components, and a 3D-printed brick facade system utilizing two renewable and bio-materials—Cork sourced from recycled stoppers and Charcoal, with the potential for carbon sequestration.
keywords	Data-driven Performative design, Multi-material 3d Printing, Material Research, Fabrication-informed Material Design, Robotic Fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	caadria2019_283
id	caadria2019_283
authors	Rosenberg, Daniel and Tsamis, Alexandros
year	2019
title	Human-Building Collaboration - A Pedagogical Framework for Smart Building Design
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 171-180
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.171
summary	We introduce Human-Building Collaboration (HBC), a pedagogical framework for the design of next-generation smart buildings in architecture. Using the framework's philosophy, model, and tools we show designers how to enhance smart building performance by increasing and diversifying the ways humans have to share their intelligence with that of the building. We apply this framework through design exercises and present the result of two projects: (1) a tangible wall interface for lighting co-optimization and (2) a shape display facade interface for rainwater purification and reuse. Preliminary findings demonstrate that the framework helped designers proposing new means for humans to collaborate with smart buildings.
keywords	Smart Buildings; Artificial Intelligence ; Tangible Interfaces; Human-Building Interaction ; User Experience Design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2019_266
id	caadria2019_266
authors	Indraprastha, Aswin and Dwi Pranata Putra, Bima
year	2019
title	Informed Walkable City Model - Developing A Multi-Objective Optimization Model for Evaluating Walkability Concept
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 161-170
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.161
summary	This study presents an informed city analysis methodology as a tool for evaluating the concept of walkability for the existing urban area. The aim of this study was to propose an integrative approaches enable optimization of urban design element and walkability amenities under certain walkability performance criteria. The parametric methods are being developed in three stages of modeling: 1) City data modeling; 2) Walkability scores and indicators modeling; 3) Optimization model of the urban area. In the walk score algorithm, we modified three elements that determine walk score result: Walk Score Categories, Distance Decay Function and Pedestrian Friendliness Metric. We developed the customized algorithm based on the data gathered from field observation and sample interviews to normalize and define values in the walk score algorithm. The result is a parametric model to evaluate walkability concept in a certain urban area considering quantified factors that determine walkability scores. The model furthermore seeks to optimize walkability score by assessing new amenities on an existing urban area using multi-objective optimization method that produces an integrative method of urban analysis.
keywords	walkability; walk score; parametric models; multi-objective optimization; informed city analysis
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_409
id	ecaadesigradi2019_409
authors	Ulkucu, Yigitcan and Alacam, Sema
year	2019
title	A Decision Support Framework for FLP in the Context of Industrial Facilities by the Use of BIM
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 269-278
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.269
summary	In today's industrial production environment, an effective solution to the FLP (Facility Layout Problem) plays a significant role in deciding whether a facility will hold a competitive advantage against others by its improved workflow. This advantage comes from an efficient placement of facilities, which mostly contributes to the overall business performance. In addition to that, regarding the need to answer the demands of the dynamic market, facilities need to adapt their processes and adapt their production line as quickly as possible. Therefore, a continuous search for a solution to the FLP is present. Although there are many space allocation programs available both as academic and commercial products, present approaches' availability in the BIM environment is not common yet. This paper introduces a decision support system framework which uses Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) to generate the most appropriate solution in Revit Dynamo environment both in the earlier phases of design and through the life-cycle of the facility. The proposed framework will specifically be responsible for generating solutions for equipment location in serial production facilities. As NSGA-II is a Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA), a second optimization criterion is defined as the optimization of the foreman's locations distributed on the shop floor. A Dynamo package named Refinery will hold the optimization and evaluation procedures.
keywords	Facility Layout Problems; NSGA-II; Automated Space Layout
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	acadia19_490
id	acadia19_490
authors	Alvarez, Martín; Wagner, Hans Jakob; Groenewolt, Abel; Krieg, Oliver David; Kyjanek, Ondrej; Sonntag, Daniel; Bechert, Simon; Aldinger, Lotte; Menges, Achim; Knippers, Jan
year	2019
title	The Buga Wood Pavilion
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 490-499
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.490
summary	Platforms that integrate developments from multiple disciplines are becoming increasingly relevant as the complexity of different technologies increases day by day. In this context, this paper describes an integrative approach for the development of architectural projects. It portrays the benefits of applying such an approach by describing its implementation throughout the development and execution of a building demonstrator. Through increasing the agility and extending the scope of existing computational tools, multiple collaborators were empowered to generate innovative solutions across the different phases of the project´s cycle. For this purpose, novel solutions for planar segmented wood shells are showcased at different levels. First, it is demonstrated how the application of a sophisticated hollow-cassette building system allowed the optimization of material use, production time, and mounting logistics due to the modulation of the parameters of each construction element. Second, the paper discusses how the articulation of that complexity was crucial when negotiating between multiple professions, interacting with different contractors, and complying with corresponding norms. Finally, the innovative architectural features of the resulting building are described, and the accomplishments are benchmarked through comparison with typological predecessor.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cf2019_020
id	cf2019_020
authors	Belém, Catarina; Luís Santos and António Leitão
year	2019
title	On the Impact of Machine Learning: Architecture without Architects?
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, pp. 148-167
summary	Architecture has always followed and adopted technological breakthroughs of other areas. As a case in point, in the last decades, the field of computation changed the face of architectural practice. Considering the recent breakthroughs of Machine Learning (ML), it is expectable to see architecture adopting ML-based approaches. However, it is not yet clear how much this adoption will change the architectural practice and in order to forecast this change it is necessary to understand the foundations of ML and its impact in other fields of human activity. This paper discusses important ML techniques and areas where they were successfully applied. Based on those examples, this paper forecast hypothetical uses of ML in the realm of building design. In particular, we examine ML approaches in conceptualization, algorithmization, modeling, and optimization tasks. In the end, we conjecture potential applications of such approaches, suggest future lines of research, and speculate on the future face of the architectural profession.
keywords	Machine Learning, Algorithmic Design, AI for Building Design
series	CAAD Futures
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:54

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_619
id	ecaadesigradi2019_619
authors	Beyer, Bastian, Suárez, Daniel and Palz, Norbert
year	2019
title	Microbiologically Activated Knitted Composites - Reimagining a column for the 21st century
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 541-552
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.541
summary	A column is an archetypal constituent of architecture which historically underwent constant reiteration in accordance with the prevalent architectural style, material culture or technical and structural possibilities. The project reimagined this architectural element through harnessing the synergies of digital design, textile logic, and contemporary biotechnology. Textile materiality and aesthetic are deeply rooted in architectural history as a soft and ephemeral antipode to rigid building materials. An investigation in historic mechanical hand-knitting techniques allowed to extract their underlying structural and geometric logic to develop a structural optimisation pipeline with a graded yarn as a base material and a geometric optimization based on local distribution of knitting patterns. Bacterially driven biocalcification was applied to transform the soft textile structure into a rigid material. Hereby an active textile microbiome was established through colonizing of the yarn with the bacterium S. pasteurii which successively precipitated calcite on microscale within the textile substrate hence ultimately influencing the global structural behaviour of the column.
keywords	textile microbiome; material customization; knitting; yarn augmentation
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_249
id	ecaadesigradi2019_249
authors	Chiarella, Mauro, Gronda, Luciana and Veizaga, Martín
year	2019
title	RILAB - architectural envelopes - From spatial representation (generative algorithm) to geometric physical optimization (scientific modeling)
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 17-24
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.017
summary	Augmented graphical thinking operates by integrating algorithmic, heuristic, and manufacturing processes. The Representation and Ideation Laboratory (RILAB-2018) exercise begins with the application of a parametric definition developed by the team of teachers, allowing for the construction of structural systems by the means of the combination of segmental shells and bending-active. The main objetive is the construction of a scientific model of simulation for bending-active laminar structures has brought into reality trustworthy previews for architectural envelopes through the interaction of parametrized relational variables. This way we put designers in a strategic role for the building of the pre-analysis models, allowing more preciseness at the time of picking and defining materials, shapes, spaces and technologies and thus minimizing the decisions based solely in the definition of structural typological categories, local tradition or direct experience. The results verify that the strategic integration of models of geometric physical optimization and spatial representation greatly expand the capabilities in the construction of the complex system that operates in the act of projecting architecture.
keywords	architectural envelopes; augmented graphic thinking; geometric optimization; bending-active
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	cf2019_002
id	cf2019_002
authors	De Luca, Francesco
year	2019
title	Environmental Performance-Driven Urban Design Parametric Design Method for the Integration of Daylight and Urban Comfort Analysis in Cold Climates
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 21
summary	Shape of built environment and image of cities are significantly influenced by environmental factors such as access to natural light, air temperature and wind. Adequate quantity of daylight in building interiors is important for occupant wellbeing and energy saving. In Estonia minimum quantity of daylight is required by building standards. Wind speed increased by urban environment at northern latitudes can significantly reduce pedestrian perceived temperature during winter inducing strong cold stress. This paper presents a method for the integration of parametric modeling and environmental simulations to analyze interiors and exteriors comfort of tower building cluster variations in different urban areas in Tallinn. Optimal pattern characteristics such as buildings distance and alignment favoring improvement of interiors daylight and decrease of pedestrian cold stress are presented and discussed.
keywords	Daylight, Urban Comfort, Environmental Analysis, PerformanceDriven Urban Design, Parametric Design
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:08

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