Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2019_054
id	cf2019_054
authors	Bae, Jiyoon and Daekwon Park
year	2019
title	Weeping Brick The Modular Living Wall System Using 3D Printed Porous Ceramic Materials
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 437
summary	The goal of this research is to design and fabricate a modular living wall brick system that purifies and cools air for various indoor environments. The research utilizes ceramic 3d printing techniques for fabrication; and living plants in conjunction with evaporative cooling techniques for indoor air quality control. The brick is made of soil which become porous after firing or drying. Water from the reservoirs slowly weep through the porous brick, creating a layer of water on the surface of the brick. The air movement around the saturated brick creates evaporative cooling and the hydro-seeded plants absorb water from the surface. The shape and texture of the Weeping Brick maximizes the cooling effect via large surface area. As an aggregated wall system, the water circulates from unit to unit by gravity through interconnected reservoirs embedded within each unit. The plants and moss transform the Weeping Brick into a living wall system, purifying and conditioning the indoor air.
keywords	Living Wall System, Modular Brick, Ceramic 3D Printing, Evaporative Cooling
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:18

_id	acadia19_222
id	acadia19_222
authors	Birol, Eda Begum; Lu, Yao; Sekkin, Ege; Johnson, Colby; Moy, David; Islam, Yaseen; Sabin, Jenny
year	2019
title	POLYBRICK 2.0
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 222-233
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.222
summary	Natural load bearing structures are characterized by aspects of specialized morphology, lightweight, adaptability, and a regenerative life cycle. PolyBrick 2.0 aims to learn from and apply these characteristics in the pursuit of revitalizing ceramic load bearing structures. For this, algorithmic design processes are employed, whose physical manifestations are realized through available clay/porcelain additive manufacturing technologies (AMTs). By integrating specialized expertise across disciplines of architecture, engineering, and material science, our team proposes an algorithmic toolset to generate PolyBrick geometries that can be applied to various architectural typologies. Additionally, comparative frameworks for digital and physical performance analyses are outlined. Responding to increasing urgencies of material efficiency and environmental sensibility, this project strives to provide for designers a toolset for environmentally responsive, case-specific design, characterized by the embedded control qualities derived from the bone and its adaptability to specific loading conditions. Various approaches to brick tessellation and assembly are proposed and architectural possibilities are presented. As an outcome of this research, PolyBrick 2.0 is effectively established as a Grasshopper plug-in, “PolyBrick” to be further explored by designers.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_522
id	ecaadesigradi2019_522
authors	Shi, Ji, Cho, Yesul, Taylor, Meghan and Correa, David
year	2019
title	Guiding Instability - A craft-based approach for modular 3D clay printed masonry screen units
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 477-484
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.477
summary	As the field of 3D printing technologies expand, complex materials that require a deeper engagement, due to their more unstable properties, are of increasing interest. Cementitious composites, clays and other ceramic materials are of particular relevance: their potential for fast large-scale fabrication and local availability position these technologies at the forefront of expansion for 3D printing. Despite the extensive benefits inherent to clays, their irregularities and the largely unpredictable deviations that occur when printing from a digital model, currently limit design and architectural-scale applications. However, these deformations could conversely be harnessed as design generators, opening up avenues for both aesthetic and functional exploration. The paper presents an investigation into the inherent material instabilities of the clay 3D printing process for the development of an architectural masonry facade system. Through an iterative process based in craft, a new capacity for material expression and authenticity beyond previous manufacturing capabilities can become actualized.
keywords	3D printing; digital craft; clay; material computation; uncertainty; hybrid fabrication
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ijac201917201
id	ijac201917201
authors	Trilsbeck, Matthew; Nicole Gardner, Alessandra Fabbri, Matthias Hank Haeusler, Yannis Zavoleas and Mitchell Page
year	2019
title	Meeting in the middle: Hybrid clay three-dimensional fabrication processes for bio-reef structures
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 17 - no. 2, 148-165
summary	Despite the relative accessibility of clay, its low cost and reputation as a robust and sustainable building material, clay three-dimensional printing remains an under-utilized digital fabrication technique in the production of architectural artefacts. Given this, numerous research projects have sought to extend the viability of clay three-dimensional digital fabrication by streamlining and automating workflows through computational methods and robotic technologies in ways that afford agency to the digital and machinic processes over human bodily skill. Three-dimensional printed clay has also gained prominence as a resilient material well suited to the design and fabrication of artificial reef and habitat- enhancing seawall structures for coastal marine environments depleted and disrupted by human activity, climate change and pollution. Still, these projects face similar challenges when three-dimensional printing complex forms from the highly plastic and somewhat unpredictable feed material of clay. In response, this article outlines a research project that seeks to improve the translation of complex geometries into physical clay artefacts through additive three- dimensional printing processes by drawing on the notion of digital craft and giving focus to human–machine interaction as a collaborative practice. Through the case study of the 1:1 scale fabrication of a computationally generated bio-reef structure using clay as a feed material and a readily available Delta Potterbot XLS-2 ceramic printer, the research project documents how, by exploiting the human ability to intuitively handle clay and adapt, and the machine’s ability to work efficiently and with precision, humans and machines can fabricate together . With the urgent need to develop more sustainable building practices and materials, this research contributes valuable knowledge of hybrid fabrication processes towards extending the accessibility and viability of clay three-dimensional printing as a resilient material and fabrication system.
keywords	Clay three-dimensional printing, digital fabrication, hybrid fabrication, digital craft, human–machine interaction
series	journal
email
last changed	2019/08/07 14:04

_id	acadia20_202p
id	acadia20_202p
authors	Battaglia, Christopher A.; Verian, Kho; Miller, Martin F.
year	2020
title	DE:Stress Pavilion
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 202-207
summary	Print-Cast Concrete investigates concrete 3D printing utilizing robotically fabricated recyclable green sand molds for the fabrication of thin shell architecture. The presented process expedites the production of doubly curved concrete geometries by replacing traditional formwork casting or horizontal corbeling with spatial concrete arching by developing a three-dimensional extrusion path for deposition. Creating robust non-zero Gaussian curvature in concrete, this method increases fabrication speed for mass customized elements eliminating two-part mold casting by combining robotic 3D printing and extrusion casting. Through the casting component of this method, concrete 3D prints have greater resolution along the edge condition resulting in tighter assembly tolerances between multiple aggregated components. Print-Cast Concrete was developed to produce a full-scale architectural installation commissioned for Exhibit Columbus 2019. The concrete 3D printed compression shell spanned 12 meters in length, 5 meters in width, and 3 meters in height and consisted of 110 bespoke panels ranging in weight of 45 kg to 160 kg per panel. Geometrical constraints were determined by the bounding box of compressed sand mold blanks and tooling parameters of both CNC milling and concrete extrusion. Using this construction method, the project was able to be assembled and disassembled within the timeframe of the temporary outdoor exhibit, produce <1% of waste mortar material in fabrication, and utilize 60% less material to construct than cast-in-place construction. Using the sand mold to contain geometric edge conditions, the Print-Cast technique allows for precise aggregation tolerances. To increase the pavilions resistance to shear forces, interlocking nesting geometries are integrated into each edge condition of the panels with .785 radians of the undercut. Over extruding strategically during the printing process casts the undulating surface with accuracy. When nested together, the edge condition informs both the construction logic of the panel’s placement and orientation for the concrete panelized shell.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:08

_id	acadia20_176p
id	acadia20_176p
authors	Lok, Leslie; Zivkovic, Sasa
year	2020
title	Ashen Cabin
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 176-181
summary	Ashen Cabin, designed by HANNAH, is a small building 3D-printed from concrete and clothed in a robotically fabricated envelope made of irregular ash wood logs. From the ground up, digital design and fabrication technologies are intrinsic to the making of this architectural prototype, facilitating fundamentally new material methods, tectonic articulations, forms of construction, and architectural design languages. Ashen Cabin challenges preconceived notions about material standards in wood. The cabin utilizes wood infested by the Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) for its envelope, which, unfortunately, is widely considered as ‘waste’. At present, the invasive EAB threatens to eradicate most of the 8.7 billion ash trees in North America (USDA, 2019). Due to their challenging geometries, most infested ash trees cannot be processed by regular sawmills and are therefore regarded as unsuitable for construction. Infested and dying ash trees form an enormous and untapped material resource for sustainable wood construction. By implementing high precision 3D scanning and robotic fabrication, the project upcycles Emerald-Ash-Borer-infested ‘waste wood’ into an abundantly available, affordable, and morbidly sustainable building material for the Anthropocene. Using a KUKA KR200/2 with a custom 5hp band saw end effector at the Cornell Robotic Construction Laboratory (RCL), the research team can saw irregular tree logs into naturally curved boards of various and varying thicknesses. The boards are arrayed into interlocking SIP façade panels, and by adjusting the thickness of the bandsaw cut, the robotically carved timber boards can be assembled as complex single curvature surfaces or double-curvature surfaces. The undulating wooden surfaces accentuate the building’s program and yet remain reminiscent of the natural log geometry which they are derived from. The curvature of the wood is strategically deployed to highlight moments of architectural importance such as windows, entrances, roofs, canopies, or provide additional programmatic opportunities such as integrated shelving, desk space, or storage.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:08

_id	ecaade2024_92
id	ecaade2024_92
authors	Mayor Luque, Ricardo; Beguin, Nestor; Rizvi Riaz, Sheikh; Dias, Jessica; Pandey, Sneham
year	2024
title	Multi-material Gradient Additive Manufacturing: A data-driven performative design approach to multi-materiality through robotic fabrication
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 381–390
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.381
summary	Buildings are responsible for 39% of global energy-related carbon emissions, with operational activities contributing 28% and materials and construction accounting for 11%(World Green Building Council, 2019) It is therefore vital to reconsider our reliance on fossil fuels for building materials and to develop new advanced manufacturing techniques that enable an integrated approach to material-controlled conception and production. The emergence of Multi-material Additive Manufacturing (MM-AM) technology represents a paradigm shift in producing elements with hybrid properties derived from novel and optimized solutions. Through robotic fabrication, MM-AM offers streamlined operations, reduced material usage, and innovative fabrication methods. It encompasses a plethora of methods to address diverse construction needs and integrates material gradients through data-driven analyses, challenging traditional prefabrication practices and emphasizing the current growth of machine learning algorithms in design processes. The research outlined in this paper presents an innovative approach to MM-AM gradient 3D printing through robotic fabrication, employing data-driven performative analyses enabling control over print paths for sustainable applications in both the AM industry and our built environment. The article highlights several designed prototypes from two distinct phases, demonstrating the framework's viability, implications, and constraints: a workshop dedicated to data-driven analyses in facade systems for MM-AM 3D-printed brick components, and a 3D-printed brick facade system utilizing two renewable and bio-materials—Cork sourced from recycled stoppers and Charcoal, with the potential for carbon sequestration.
keywords	Data-driven Performative design, Multi-material 3d Printing, Material Research, Fabrication-informed Material Design, Robotic Fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	acadia19_246
id	acadia19_246
authors	Zhang, Viola; Qian, William; Sabin, Jenny
year	2019
title	PolyBrickH2.0
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 246-257
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.246
summary	This project emerged from collaborative trans-disciplinary research between architecture, engineering, biology, and materials science to generate novel applications in micro-scale 3D printed ceramics. Specifically, PolyBrick H2.0 adapts internal bone-based hydraulic networks through controlled water flow from 3D printed micro-textures and surface chemistry. Engagement across disciplines produced the PolyBrick series at the Sabin Lab (Sabin, Miller, and Cassab 2014) . The series is a manifestation of novel digital fabrication techniques, bioinspired design, materials inquiry, and contemporary evolutions of building materials. A new purpose for the brick is explored that is not solely focused on the mechanical constraints necessary for built masonry structures. PolyBrick H2.0 interweaves the intricacies of living systems (beings and environments combined) to create a more responsive and interactive material system. The PolyBrick 2.0 series looks at human bone as a design model for foundational research. PolyBrick H2.0 merges the cortical bone hydraulic network with new functionalities as a water filtration and collection system for self-preservation and conservation as well as passive cooling solutions. It also pushes the ability of 3D printing techniques to the microscale. These functionalities are investigated under context for a better construction material, but its use may extend further.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	caadria2019_658
id	caadria2019_658
authors	Lange, Christian and Holohan, Donn
year	2019
title	CeramicINformation Pavilion - Rethinking structural brick specials through an indexical 3D printing method
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 103-112
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.103
summary	Complex brick construction is defined by its relationship to labor; it requires skilled workers in planning, manufacturing and assembly. In the modern era, this has been perceived as a significant drawback, and as such has resulted in brick construction being partially superseded by more rapid methods of fabrication, despite its inherent robustness and longevity. This paper describes the second stage of an ongoing research project which attempts to revitalize the material system of the brick special through the development of an intelligent 3d printing method that works in conjunction with a layman assembly procedure for a new class of self-supporting nonstandard brick structures. In this project, an indexed and geometrically informed jointing system, together with a parametric and digital workflow, enables rapid assembly on site without a requirement for complex site setup or skilled labor.
keywords	Digital Fabrication; 3D clay printing; Brick Specials; Computational Design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_592
id	ecaadesigradi2019_592
authors	Carvalho, Jo?o, Figueiredo, Bruno and Cruz, Paulo
year	2019
title	Free-form Ceramic Vault System - Taking ceramic additive manufacturing to real scale
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 485-492
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.485
summary	The use of Additive Manufacturing (AM) for the production of architectural components has more and more examples attesting the possibilities and the advantages of its application. At the same time we seen a fast grow of the usage of ceramic materials to produce fully customised architectural components using Layer Deposition Modelling (LDM) [1] techniques. However, the use of this material, as paste, leads to a series of constraints relative to its behaviour when in the viscous state, but also in the drying and firing stages. Thus, when ceramic dries, the retraction effects may be a barrier to the regular use of this material to build future architectural systems. In this sense, it is important to study the material behaviour and know how to control and use it as a primary construction material. To do that we present the challenges and outcomes of project Hexashade, a ceramic vault shading system prototype whose geometry and internal structure is defined according to the solar incidence. This paper explain how we expect to build a real scale self-supporting prototype.
keywords	Ceramic 3D printing; Additive Manufacturing; Vaulting Systems; Parametric Design; Performative Design
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_176
id	ecaadesigradi2019_176
authors	Giantini, Guilherme, Negris de Souza, Larissa, Turczyn, Daniel and Celani, Gabriela
year	2019
title	Environmental Ceramics - Merging the digital and the physical in the design of a performance -based facade system
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 749-758
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.749
summary	Environmental comfort and space occupancy are essential considerations in architectural design process. Façade systems deeply impact both aspects but are usually standardized. However, performance-based facade systems tackle these issues through computational design to devise non-homogeneous elements. This work proposes a ceramic facade system designed according to a performance-based process grounded on environmental analysis and parametric design to allow adaptation and geometric variation according to specific building demands on environmental comfort and functionality. In this process, the Design Science Research method guided the exploration of both design and evaluation, bridging the gap between theory and practice. Positive facade environmental performance were found from digital and physical models assessment in terms of radiation, illuminance, dampness (with ventilation) and temperature. Computational processes minimized radiation inside the building while maximized illuminance. Their association influenced on operative temperature, which dropped according to local dampness and material absorption. Accordingly, this design process associates not only environmental comfort and functionality concepts but also adaptability, flexibility, mass customization, personal fabrication, additive manufacturing concepts, being an example architectural design changes in the 4th Industrial Revolution.
keywords	sustainable design; facade system; computational design; environmental analysis; evolutionary algorithm
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_389
id	ecaadesigradi2019_389
authors	Mohite, Ashish, Kochneva, Mariia and Kotnik, Toni
year	2019
title	Speed of Deposition - Vehicle for structural and aesthetic expression in CAM
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 729-738
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.729
summary	This paper presents intermediate results of an experimental research directed towards development of a method that uses additive manufacturing technology as a generative agent in architectural design process. The primary technique is to variate speed of material deposition of a 3D printer in order to produce undetermined textural effects. These effects demonstrate local variation of material distribution, which is treated as a consequence of interaction between machining parameters and material properties. Current stage of inquiry is concerned with studying the impact of these textural artefacts on structure. Experiments demonstrate that manipulating distribution of matter locally results in more optimal structural performance, it solves printability issues of overhanging geometry without the need for additional supports and provides variation to the surface. The research suggests aesthetic and structural benefits of applying the developed method for mass-customized fabrication. It questions the linear thinking that is predominant in the field of 3D printing and provides an approach that articulates interaction between digital and material logics as it directs the formation of an object that is informed by both.
keywords	digital fabrication; digital craft; texture; ceramic 3D printing
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_455
id	ecaadesigradi2019_455
authors	Moreira, Jo?o, Figueiredo, Bruno and Cruz, Paulo
year	2019
title	Ceramic Additive Manufacturing in Architecture - Computational Methodology for Defining a Column System
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 471-476
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.471
summary	The present paper describes a research that explores the design and production of customised architectural ceramic components defined through parametric relations of biomorphic inspiration and to be built through additive manufacturing. In this sense, is presented a case study that develops a system of both architectural and structural components - a column system. The definition process of the system is mediated by computational design, implementing not only structural analysis and optimization strategies, but also mimetic formal characteristics of nature to an initial grid, creating a model that adapts its formal attributes, depending on its assumptions and the material constraints. This process resulted in the definition of a set of solutions that better answer to a specific design problem.
keywords	Additive Manufacturing; Ceramic 3D; Computational Design; Structural Optimization; Biomorphism
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	acadia19_606
id	acadia19_606
authors	Russo, Rhett
year	2019
title	Lithophanic Dunes: The Dunejars
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 606-615
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.606
summary	The design of masonry, tile, and ceramics is an integral part of architectural history. High fired clays are unique in that they are amorphous, vitreous, and translucent. Similar types of light transmission through minerals and clays has been achieved in window panes using alabaster or marble, but unlike porcelain these cannot be cast, and they are susceptible to moisture. Additionally, glass and metal are commonly used to glaze ceramics, and this provides further possibility for the combination of translucency with surface ornamentation and decaling. It is within this architectural lineage, of compound stone and glass objects, that the Dunejars are situated. The Dunejars are translucent porcelain vessels that are designed as lenses to transmit different wavelengths of light into intricate and unexpected patterns. Similar recipes for porcelain were developed using wax positives during the 19th century to manufacture domestic Lithophanes; picturesque screens made of translucent porcelain, often displayed in windows or produced as candle shades (Maust 1966). The focus of the research involves pinpointing the lithophanic qualities of the clay so that they can be repeated by recipe, and refined through a digital workflow. The methods outlined here are the product of an interdisciplinary project residency at The European Ceramic Workcenter (Sundaymorning@EKWC) in 2018 to make tests, and obtain technical precision in the areas of, plaster mold design, slip-casting, finishing, firing, and glazing of the Dunejars. The modular implementation of these features at the scale of architecture can be applied across a range of scales, including fixtures, finishes and envelopes, all of which merit further investigation.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	cf2019_051
id	cf2019_051
authors	Dickey , Rachel
year	2019
title	Soft Additive Fabrication Processes: Material Indeterminacy in 3D Printing
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 434
summary	This description of Soft Additive Fabrication Processes, documents ways in which chance and randomness might be treated as values rather than problems. The production of a series of robotically controlled extruder experiments explore integrating material volition with the rigid order of machine control. Specifically this paper outlines the development of tooling procedures that harness emergent conditions in the automation of qualitative material effects. A key question for the research asks, how might architects imagine a design and construction scenario, which is no longer confined to prescriptive material dimensions, but is instead driven by digitally calibrated stochastic material processes? What opportunities might arise from developing an automated system, which does not rely on direct translation, but instead operates and predicts outcomes within a range of potential results?
keywords	Additive manufacturing, robotics, 3D printing, indeterminacy, material volition
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:18

_id	acadia19_448
id	acadia19_448
authors	Hahm, Soomeen
year	2019
title	Augmented Craftsmanship
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 448-457
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.448
summary	Over the past decade, we have witnessed rapid advancements on both practical and theoretical levels in regard to automated construction as a consequence of increasing sophistication of digital fabrication technologies such as robotics, 3D printing, etc. However, digital fabrication technology is often very limited when it comes to dealing with delicate and complex crafting processes. Although digital fabrication processes have become widely accessible and utilized across industries in recent times, there are still a number of fabrication techniques—which heavily rely on human labour—due to the complex nature of procedures and delicacy of materials. With this in mind, we need to ask ourselves if full automation is truly an ultimate goal, or if we need to (re)consider the role of humans in the architectural construction chain, as automation becomes more prevalent. We propose rethinking the role which human, machine, and computer have in construction— occupying the territory between purely automated, exclusively robotically-driven fabrication and highly crafted processes requiring human labour. This is to propose an alternative to reducing construction to fully automated assembly of simplified/discretized building parts, by appreciating physical properties of materials and nature of crafting processes. The research proposes a design-to-construction workflow pursued and enabled by augmented humans using AR devices. As a result, proposed workflows are tested on three prototypical inhabitable structure, aiming to be applicable to other projects in the near future, and to bridge the gap between purely automated construction processes on one hand, and craft-based, material-driven but labour-intensive processes on the other.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	acadia19_352
id	acadia19_352
authors	Poustinchi, Ebrahim
year	2019
title	Robotically Augmented Imaging (RAI Alpha)
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 352-359
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.352
summary	This paper presents a project-based research study in the design studio context, highlighting the use of robotic technology as a “perspective-machine” to create custom spatial readings/experiences through predetermined and controlled static/dynamic views. The early studies of this method—in this paper referred to as Robotically Augmented Imaging (RAI Alpha), enables architects, designers, and students to micro direct the “spatial experience” and atmospheric effects of the project through visual story-telling and in multiscale set-ups ranging from architectural to product and object scale. Demonstrating the contemporary opportunities of imaging and perspective—as an architectural tool to investigate/define the space—RAI Alpha studies the potentials of robotically controlled/manipulated views as a possible new medium for interacting with form, space, architecture, atmosphere, and performance in a scale-free seamless experience and as both a design tool and a product.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 08:00

_id	lasg_whitepapers_2019_291
id	lasg_whitepapers_2019_291
authors	Sabin, Jenny
year	2019
title	Lumen
source	Living Architecture Systems Group White Papers 2019 [ISBN 978-1-988366-18-0] Riverside Architectural Press: Toronto, Canada 2019. pp.291 - 318
summary	This paper documents the computational design methods, digital fabrication strategies, and generative design process for [Lumen], winner of MoMA & MoMA PS1’s 2017 Young Architects Program. The project was installed in the courtyard at MoMA PS1 in Long Island City, New York, during the summer of 2017. Two lightweight 3D digitally knitted fabric canopy structures composed of responsive tubular and cellular components employ recycled textiles, photo-luminescent and solar active yarns that absorb and store UV energy, change color, and emit light. This environment offers spaces of respite, exchange, and engagement as a 150 x 75-foot misting system responds to visitors’ proximity, activating fabric stalactites that produce a refreshing micro-climate. Families of robotically prototyped and woven recycled spool chairs provide seating throughout the courtyard. The canopies are digitally fabricated with over 1,000,000 yards of high tech responsive yarn and are supported by three 40+ foot tensegrity towers and the surrounding matrix of courtyard walls. Material responses to sunlight as well as physical participation are integral parts of our exploratory approach to the 2017 YAP brief. The project is mathematically generated through form-finding simulations informed by the sun, site, materials, program, and the material morphology of knitted cellular components. Resisting a biomimetic approach, [Lumen] employs an analogic design process where complex material behavior and processes are integrated with personal engagement and diverse programs. The comprehensive installation was designed by Jenny Sabin Studio and fabricated by Shima Seiki WHOLEGARMENT, Jacobsson Carruthers, and Dazian with structural engineering by Arup and lighting by Focus Lighting.
keywords	living architecture systems group, organicism, intelligent systems, design methods, engineering and art, new media art, interactive art, dissipative systems, technology, cognition, responsiveness, biomaterials, artificial natures, 4DSOUND, materials, virtual projections,
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:02

_id	ijac201917105
id	ijac201917105
authors	Agkathidis, Asterios; Yorgos Berdos and André Brown
year	2019
title	Active membranes: 3D printing of elastic fibre patterns on pre-stretched textiles
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 17 - no. 1, 74-87
summary	There has been a steady growth, over several decades, in the deployment of fabrics in architectural applications; both in terms of quantity and variety of application. More recently, three-dimensional printing and additive manufacturing have added to the palette of technologies that designers in architecture and related disciplines can call upon. Here, we report on research that brings those two technologies together – the development of active membrane elements and structures. We show how these active membranes have been achieved by laminating three-dimensional printed elasto-plastic fibres onto pre-stretched textile membranes. We report on a set of experimentations involving one-, two- and multi-directional geometric arrangements that take TPU 95 and polypropylene filaments and apply them to Lycra textile sheets, to form active composite panels. The process involves a parameterised design, actualised through a fabrication process including stress-line simulation, fibre pattern three-dimensional printing and the lamination of embossed patterns onto a pre-stretched membrane; followed by the release of tension afterwards in order to allow controlled, self-generation of the final geometry. Our findings document the investigation into mapping between the initial two-dimensional geometries and their resulting three-dimensional doubly curved forms. We also reflect on the products of the resulting, partly serendipitous, design process.
keywords	Digital fabrication, three-dimensional printing, parametric design, material computation, fabrics
series	journal
email
last changed	2019/08/07 14:04

_id	caadria2019_657
id	caadria2019_657
authors	Chen, Zhewen, Zhang, Liming and Yuan, Philip F.
year	2019
title	Innovative Design Approach to Optimized Performance on Large-Scale Robotic 3D-Printed Spatial Structure
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 451-460
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.451
summary	This paper presents an innovative approach on designing large-scale spatial structure with automated robotic 3D-printing. The incipient design approach mainly focused on optimizing structural efficiency at an early design stage by transform the object into a discrete system, and the elements in this system contains unique structural parameters that corresponding to its topology results of stiffness distribution. Back in 2017, the design team already implemented this concept into an experimental project of Cloud Pavilion in Shanghai, China, and the 3D-printed spatial structure was partitioned into five zones represent different level of structure stiffness and filled with five kinds of unit toolpath accordingly. Through further research, an upgrade version, the project of Cloud Pavilion 2.0 is underway and will be completed in January 2019. A detailed description on innovative printing toolpath design in this project is conducted in this paper and explains how the toolpath shape effects its overall structural stiffness. This paper contributes knowledge on integrated design in the field of robotic 3D-printing and provides an alternative approach on robotic toolpath design combines with the optimized topological results.
keywords	3D-Printing; Robotic Fabrication; Structural Optimization; Discrete System; Toolpath Design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

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