Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	acadia19_616
id	acadia19_616
authors	Sitnikov, Vasily; Eigenraam, Peter; Papanastasis, Panagiotis; Wassermann-Fry, Stephan
year	2019
title	IceFormwork for Cast HPFRC Elements
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 616-627
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.616
summary	The following paper introduces a design implementation of an innovative fabrication method that aims at enabling an environmental and automated production of geometrically challenging cast concrete elements. The fabrication method is based on the use of ice as the molding material for cast concrete. Empirical testing of ice CNC-processing, and a concrete mix capable of hardening at subzero temperatures was undertaken during previous research stages. The current paper illustrates a practical application of ice formwork. A façade rain screen has been developed using algorithmic modeling to illustrate a common case in which a non-repetitive geometrical pattern requires individual formwork to be produced for each element. Existing industrial methods capable of delivering such a project for formidable costs are based on CNC-processed expanded polystyrene (EPS), wood-based materials, or industrial wax formwork. These materials have been found to be either difficult to recycle, expensive, insufficiently strong, energy- or labor-intensive to produce. Preliminary evaluation has shown that ice, used in their place, facilitates a much cleaner, economic, and an even more energy-efficient process. Moreover, a very gentle demolding process through ice-thawing eliminates any shock stresses exposed on newly cast concrete and provides optimal curing conditions. As a result, the thickness of façade elements can be reduced while still fulfilling all structural requirements.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2019_413
id	caadria2019_413
authors	Ahrens, Chandler, Chamberlain, Roger, Mitchell, Scott, Barnstorff, Adam and Gelbard, Joshua
year	2019
title	Controlling Daylight Reflectance with Cyber-physical Systems
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 433-442
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.433
summary	Cyber-physical systems increasingly inform and alter the perception of atmospheric conditions within interior environments. The Catoptric Surface research project uses computation and robotics to precisely control the location of reflected daylight through a building envelope to form an image-based pattern of light on the building interior's surfaces. In an attempt to amplify or reduce spatial perception, the daylighting reflected onto architectural surfaces within a built environment generates atmospheric effects. The modification of light patterns mapped onto existing or new surfaces enables the perception of space to not rely on form alone. The mapping of a new pattern that is independent of architectural surfaces creates a visual effect of a formless atmosphere and holds the potential to affect the way people interact with the space. People need different amounts and quality of daylight depending on physiological differences due to age or the types of tasks they perform. This research argues for an informed luminous and atmospheric environment that is relative both to the user and more conceptual architectural aspirations of spatial perception controlled by a cyber-physical robotic faÃ§ade system.
keywords	Contextual; Computation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_459
id	ecaadesigradi2019_459
authors	Bourdakis, Vassilis and Tsangrassoulis, Aris
year	2019
title	Dynamic Façade Design Studio - From sketches to microcontrollers
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 725-730
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.725
summary	The paper presents the outcome of two semesters running a dynamic façade design studio (2014 and 2018) to 3rd and 4th year undergraduates, using computational design, simulation and visualization tools in designing environmentally activated building envelopes. The paper discusses the problems faced by the students and the teaching team throughout the design process and finally suggests ways of integrating microcontrollers as a teaching tool enabling students to comprehend the logic, complexities and overall mechanics of responsive environmental design.
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cf2019_069
id	cf2019_069
authors	Caetano, Inês ;and António Leitão
year	2019
title	Weaving Architectural Façades: Exploring algorithmic stripe-based design patterns
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, pp. 565-584
summary	With the recent technological developments, particularly, the integration of computational design approaches in architecture, the traditional art techniques became increasingly important in the field. This includes weaving techniques, which have a promising application in architectural screens and façade designs. Nevertheless, the adoption of weaving as a design strategy still has many unexplored areas, particularly those related to Algorithmic Design (AD). This paper addresses the creation of weave-based façade patterns by presenting a Generative System (GS) that aids architects that intend to use AD in the design of façades inspired on traditional weaving techniques. This GS proves to reduce the time and effort spent with the programming task, while supporting the exploration of a wider solution space. Moreover, in addition to enabling the integration of user-generated weaving patterns, the GS also provides rationalization algorithms to assess the construction feasibility of the obtained solutions.
keywords	Algorithmic Design, Façade Design, Weaving Patterns, Algorithmic Framework, Rationalization Processes
series	CAAD Futures
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:19

_id	acadia19_90
id	acadia19_90
authors	Forward, Kristen; Taron, Joshua
year	2019
title	Waste Ornament
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 90-99
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.090
summary	The emergence of computational design and fabrication tools has escalated the potentials of architectural ornamentation to become innovative, beautiful, and highly sustainable. Historically, ornament has been known to express character and reveal relationships between materiality, technological advances, and societal evolution. But ornament rapidly declined in the late 1800s in large part due to mechanization and modernist ideals of uniform, unadorned façade components. However, ornamentation in architecture has recently reappeared—a development that can be linked closely to advancements in computational design and digital fabrication. While these advancements offer the ability to create expressive architecture, their potential contribution to the improvement of sustainable architecture has largely been overlooked (Augusti-Juan and Habert 2017). This paper provides a brief revisitation to the history of ornament and investigates the impact of computation and automation on the production of contemporary ornament. The paper also attempts to catalog examples of how designers have used computational technologies to address the growing criticality of environmental concerns. Moreover, the paper presents the Waste Ornament project, a research platform that critically examines how we can leverage technology to augment the visual and sustainable performance of facade ornamentation to reduce energy use in buildings. Three sub-projects are identified as territories for further research into sustainable ornamentation, ranging from material sourcing, to high-performance buildings, to the development of a systematic upcycling process that transforms old facades into new ones. While the examples are not exhaustive, they attempt to interlace the general ideas of waste and ornament by addressing particular issues that converge at building envelopes.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_176
id	ecaadesigradi2019_176
authors	Giantini, Guilherme, Negris de Souza, Larissa, Turczyn, Daniel and Celani, Gabriela
year	2019
title	Environmental Ceramics - Merging the digital and the physical in the design of a performance -based facade system
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 749-758
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.749
summary	Environmental comfort and space occupancy are essential considerations in architectural design process. Façade systems deeply impact both aspects but are usually standardized. However, performance-based facade systems tackle these issues through computational design to devise non-homogeneous elements. This work proposes a ceramic facade system designed according to a performance-based process grounded on environmental analysis and parametric design to allow adaptation and geometric variation according to specific building demands on environmental comfort and functionality. In this process, the Design Science Research method guided the exploration of both design and evaluation, bridging the gap between theory and practice. Positive facade environmental performance were found from digital and physical models assessment in terms of radiation, illuminance, dampness (with ventilation) and temperature. Computational processes minimized radiation inside the building while maximized illuminance. Their association influenced on operative temperature, which dropped according to local dampness and material absorption. Accordingly, this design process associates not only environmental comfort and functionality concepts but also adaptability, flexibility, mass customization, personal fabrication, additive manufacturing concepts, being an example architectural design changes in the 4th Industrial Revolution.
keywords	sustainable design; facade system; computational design; environmental analysis; evolutionary algorithm
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_346
id	ecaadesigradi2019_346
authors	Kaftan, Martin, Sautter, Sebastian and Kubicek, Bernhard
year	2019
title	Integrating BIPV during Early Stages of Building Design
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 139-144
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.139
summary	In the quest to achieve the ambitious climate and clean energy targets the broad implementation of Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) is one of the keys. Photovoltaic (PV) modules can be installed above or on current roofing or traditional wall structures. In addition, BIPV devices substitute the skin of the exterior construction frame, i.e. the weather screen, thus simultaneously acting as both a climate screen and an energy producing source. However, while the integral planning strategy to building projects promotes the effective execution of BIPV, the limitation lies in the absence of both instruments and easy-to-use planning aid guidelines, particularly by non-PV experts in the early design stage. This study presents computational methods that help to quickly analyze the BIPV potential for a given building project and to suggest the optimal economical amount and location of the panels based on the building's energy demand profile.
keywords	building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV); integral planning; design rules; simplified models; machine learning
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2019_225
id	caadria2019_225
authors	Khoo, Chin Koi and Wee, H. Koon
year	2019
title	PixelGreen - A hybrid green media wall for existing high-rise buildings
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 131-140
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.131
summary	Vertical farms and gardens are not new in dense urban environments, but few examples further explore the architectural potential and possibilities of the form to apply the same design approach to existing surfaces and walls of buildings. In addition, there is a design opportunity to exploit existing wall surfaces as 'analogue' media screens by using the vertical farm and garden as a medium of representation. In this paper we explore the opportunity for new design possibilities to achieve a hybrid architectural wall system as a reciprocal retrofit for existing building surfaces, integrating a vertical micro-farm and media screen. This architectural opportunity is explored through agile methods and the early design stages of a hybrid green media wall, PixelGreen. PixelGreen will be retrofitted to an existing wall of a high-rise building to convey mediated, graphical, artistic content and provide edible plant micro-farming simultaneously. The physical proof of concept is given through a modular mock-up with a programmed UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) serving as the 'agent' for constant updating of mediated content, maintenance and a regular farming cycle. The outcome of this approach provides preliminary insight into how to feasibly implement a hybrid green media wall with autonomous robotics and computation technology.
keywords	Green wall; media facade; vertical farm; architectural intervention
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2020_431
id	caadria2020_431
authors	Kim, Jong Bum, Balakrishnan, Bimal and Aman, Jayedi
year	2020
title	Environmental Performance-based Community Development - A parametric simulation framework for Smart Growth development in the United States
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 873-882
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.873
summary	Smart Growth is an urban design movement initiated by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States (Smart Growth America, 2019). The regulations of Smart Growth control urban morphologies such as building height, use, position, section configurations, faÃ§ade configurations, and materials, which have an explicit association with energy performances. This research aims to analyze and visualize the impact of Smart Growth developments on environmental performances. This paper presents a parametric modeling and simulation framework for Smart Growth developments that can model the potential community development scenarios, simulate the environmental footprints of each parcel, and visualize the results of modeling and simulation. We implemented and examined the proposed framework through a case study of two Smart Growth regulations: Columbia Unified Development Code (UDC) in Missouri (City of Columbia Missouri, 2017) and Overland Park Downtown Form-based Code (FBC) in Kansas City (City of Overland Park, 2017, 2019). Last, we discuss the implementation results, the limitations of the proposed framework, and the future work. We anticipate that the proposed method can improve stakeholders' understanding of how Smart Growth developments are associated with potential environmental footprints from an expeditious and thorough exploration of what-if scenarios of the multiple development schemes.
keywords	Smart Growth; Building Information Modeling (BIM); Parametric Simulation; Solar Radiation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	cf2019_025
id	cf2019_025
authors	Lin, Yuqiong; Chenyu Huang ,Yuqiong Lin and Philip F. Yuan
year	2019
title	High-rise Building Group Morphology Generation Approach based on Wind Environmental Performance
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 185
summary	In the urbanization process, high-rise is favored and popularized? while results to the high-density urban space which aggravated the deterioration of urban wind environment. Using quantifiable environmental factors to control the building, is promoting a more meaningful group formation of the sustainable high-rise buildings. Thus, taking wind performance into account in high-rise design infancy is essential. According to the achievement of CAADRIA2018 “SELF-FORM-FINDING WIND TUNNEL TO ENVIRONMENTAL-PERFORMANCE URBAN AND BUILDING DESIGN” workshop, a preliminary set related to the environmental performance urban morphology generation system and method was constructed. In this study, various of high-rise building forms that might be conducive to urban ventilation were selected, such as “hollow-out”, “twisting”, “façade retracting” and “liftup”, to design the Dynamic Model System with multi-dimensional motion.
keywords	High-rise, group morphology, wind tunnel, dynamic models, environmental performance
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:15

_id	caadria2019_407
id	caadria2019_407
authors	Loh, Paul, Leggett, David and Prohasky, Daniel
year	2019
title	Robotic Fabrication of Doubly Curved FaÃ§ade System - Constructing intelligence in the digital fabrication workflow
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 521-530
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.521
summary	This paper presents a novel advance digital fabrication method to produce doubly curved concrete panel with no immediate waste as a facade system. Using a bespoke CNC adjustable mould frame system coupled with robotic trimming techniques, the research examines the streamlining of data within a cohesive fabrication workflow. The paper concludes by reviewing an integrated workflow that points towards a multifaceted system of design, engineering and advanced manufacturing that propel research to design application.
keywords	Digital Fabrication; Design workflow; Robotic
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia20_176p
id	acadia20_176p
authors	Lok, Leslie; Zivkovic, Sasa
year	2020
title	Ashen Cabin
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 176-181
summary	Ashen Cabin, designed by HANNAH, is a small building 3D-printed from concrete and clothed in a robotically fabricated envelope made of irregular ash wood logs. From the ground up, digital design and fabrication technologies are intrinsic to the making of this architectural prototype, facilitating fundamentally new material methods, tectonic articulations, forms of construction, and architectural design languages. Ashen Cabin challenges preconceived notions about material standards in wood. The cabin utilizes wood infested by the Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) for its envelope, which, unfortunately, is widely considered as ‘waste’. At present, the invasive EAB threatens to eradicate most of the 8.7 billion ash trees in North America (USDA, 2019). Due to their challenging geometries, most infested ash trees cannot be processed by regular sawmills and are therefore regarded as unsuitable for construction. Infested and dying ash trees form an enormous and untapped material resource for sustainable wood construction. By implementing high precision 3D scanning and robotic fabrication, the project upcycles Emerald-Ash-Borer-infested ‘waste wood’ into an abundantly available, affordable, and morbidly sustainable building material for the Anthropocene. Using a KUKA KR200/2 with a custom 5hp band saw end effector at the Cornell Robotic Construction Laboratory (RCL), the research team can saw irregular tree logs into naturally curved boards of various and varying thicknesses. The boards are arrayed into interlocking SIP façade panels, and by adjusting the thickness of the bandsaw cut, the robotically carved timber boards can be assembled as complex single curvature surfaces or double-curvature surfaces. The undulating wooden surfaces accentuate the building’s program and yet remain reminiscent of the natural log geometry which they are derived from. The curvature of the wood is strategically deployed to highlight moments of architectural importance such as windows, entrances, roofs, canopies, or provide additional programmatic opportunities such as integrated shelving, desk space, or storage.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:08

_id	caadria2020_395
id	caadria2020_395
authors	Loo, Stella Yi Ning, Jayashankar, Dhileep Kumar, Gupta, Sachin and Tracy, Kenneth
year	2020
title	Hygro-Compliant: Responsive Architecture with Passively Actuated Compliant Mechanisms
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 223-232
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.223
summary	Research investigating water-driven passive actuation demonstrates the potential to transform how buildings interact with their environment while avoiding the complications of conventionally powered actuation. Previous experiments evidence the possibilities of bi-layer materials (Reichert, Menges, and Correa 2015; Correa et al. 2015) and mechanical assemblies with discretely connected actuating members (Gupta et al. 2019). By leveraging changes in weather to power actuated building components these projects explore the use of smart biomaterials and responsive building systems. Though promising the implementation of these technologies requires deep engagement into material synthesis and fabrication. This paper presents the design and prototyping of a rain responsive faÃ§ade system using chitosan hygroscopic films as actuators counterbalanced by programmed compliant mechanisms. Building on previous work into chitosan film assemblies this research focuses on the development of compliant mechanisms as a means of controlling movement without over-complicated rotating parts.
keywords	Passive Actuation; Responsive Architecture; Bio-polymers; 4D Structures; Compliant Mechanism
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	caadria2019_290
id	caadria2019_290
authors	Ma, Chenlong, Zhu, Shuyan and Xiang, Ke
year	2019
title	Digital Aided FaÃ§ade Design Introduced in a Traditional Design Workflow - An experience from one large-scale museum design and construction practice
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 675-684
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.675
summary	This paper discusses the opportunities and barriers of adopting parametric tools in discrete elements of the design development documentation processes in parallel with more traditional 2D computer aided architectural design (CAAD). We believe it is a more reasonable way for small to middle sized design companies in China, to introduce parametric design method into the design and construction process, especially when there being a long way from traditional CAAD approach to an all-BIM future in China.
keywords	parametric tools; collaborative design; faÃ§ade design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	caadria2019_318
id	caadria2019_318
authors	Martinho, Helena, BelÃ©m, Catarina, LeitÃ£o, AntÃ³nio, Loonen, Roel and Gomes, M. GlÃ³ria
year	2019
title	Algorithmic Design and Performance Analysis of Adaptive FaÃ§ades
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 685-694
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.685
summary	Building performance simulation tools have the potential for aiding the decision-making process in early design stages of an architectural project. As traditional simulation tools are based on a static design and adaptive faÃ§ades encompass an envisioned movement of construction elements, there is a lack of supporting tools and workflows that can correctly evaluate the performance of such building envelopes at an early stage. The presented ongoing research focuses on developing efficient parametric performance-based approaches for assessing the energy consumption in buildings with adaptive faÃ§ades, combining generative architectural design and performance analysis in a seamless workflow. To this end, we combine a new algorithmic design research tool with the well-established whole-building simulation engine EnergyPlus. The purpose of linking both tools lies in the possibility of generating and simulating models with adaptive faÃ§ade mechanisms through a single script, evaluating and using the simulation results to adjust the model's parameters and develop optimized control strategies.
keywords	Building performance simulation; Adaptive faÃ§ades; Algorithmic design; Energy analysis
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia21_76
id	acadia21_76
authors	Smith, Rebecca
year	2021
title	Passive Listening and Evidence Collection
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 76-81.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.076
summary	In this paper, I present the commercial, urban-scale gunshot detection system ShotSpotter in contrast with a range of ecological sensing examples which monitor animal vocalizations. Gunshot detection sensors are used to alert law enforcement that a gunshot has occurred and to collect evidence. They are intertwined with processes of criminalization, in which the individual, rather than the collective, is targeted for punishment. Ecological sensors are used as a “passive” practice of information gathering which seeks to understand the health of a given ecosystem through monitoring population demographics, and to document the collective harms of anthropogenic change (Stowell and Sueur 2020). In both examples, the ability of sensing infrastructures to “join up and speed up” (Gabrys 2019, 1) is increasing with the use of machine learning to identify patterns and objects: a new form of expertise through which the differential agendas of these systems are implemented and made visible. I trace the differential agendas of these systems as they manifest through varied components: the spatial distribution of hardware in the existing urban environment and / or landscape; the software and other informational processes that organize and translate the data; the visualization of acoustical sensing data; the commercial factors surrounding the production of material components; and the apps, platforms, and other forms of media through which information is made available to different stakeholders. I take an interpretive and qualitative approach to the analysis of these systems as cultural artifacts (Winner 1980), to demonstrate how the political and social stakes of the technology are embedded throughout them.
series	ACADIA
type	paper
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	cf2019_028
id	cf2019_028
authors	Sroka, Jeffrey and Kihong Ku
year	2019
title	A Geometry Exploration of Flexagons: Designing a Tetrahedron Based Responsive Daylight Control System
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, pp. 223-233
summary	This project aimed to expand the area of responsive shading systems through the novel application of a volumetric origami geometry – the flexagon. The original contributions of this project come through the design development and prototyping of the kinetics of an octa-flexagon based geometry. Few researchers or designers have investigated the flexagon pattern in architecture and departing from relevant research, this project identified a novel geometric construct of flexagons that allow kinetic actuation with beneficial performative and aesthetic properties. These include surface qualities of the component tetrahedron geometry for daylighting and view control. The aggregation of multiple units resulted in new understanding of the stacking characteristics and the rotational envelope of flexagon geometries.
keywords	Architectural Geometry, Prototyping, Origami, Responsive Façade
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:15

_id	ecaade2021_151
id	ecaade2021_151
authors	Zolghadrasli, Niloofar, Hadighi, Mahyar and Costa, Eduardo
year	2021
title	Computational Generation of Hybrid Façades for a Focal Context - The case of Naser-Khosrow Street in Tehran
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 333-340
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.333
summary	The purpose of this paper is to use shape grammar methodology to generate contextualized urban façades within the focal context of Naser-Khosrow Street in Iran's capital city of Tehran. The history of Naser-Khosrow Street, which is considered a significant historic urban space, begins in the Safavid period (1735-1501). Yet, the urban history and historical significance of this street have been neglected in recent years. Evidence of a sense of turmoil and incompatibility between the modern and traditional architectural façades featured on the street is easily observed. Against this background, this paper offers façade models generated based on the computational methodology developed by Hadighi and Duarte (2019, 2020) to determine and capture the hybrid expression of European modernist and American traditional styles. In this spirit, the systematic methodology of shape grammar is expanded to the focal urban area of Naser-Khosrow Street to generate new façade layouts referencing the characteristic features of some of the iconic buildings located there.
keywords	Shape Grammar, Naser -Khosrow Street, Façade Design, Generating Hybridity
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ijac201917103
id	ijac201917103
authors	Bejarano, Andres; and Christoph Hoffmann
year	2019
title	A generalized framework for designing topological interlocking configurations
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 17 - no. 1, 53-73
summary	A topological interlocking configuration is an arrangement of pieces shaped in such a way that the motion of any piece is blocked by its neighbors. A variety of interlocking configurations have been proposed for convex pieces that are arranged in a planar space. Published algorithms for creating a topological interlocking configuration start from a tessellation of the plane (e.g. squares colored as a checkerboard). For each square S of one color, a plane P through each edge E is considered, tilted by a given angle ? against the tessellated plane. This induces a face F supported by P and limited by other such planes nearby. Note that E is interior to the face. By adjacency, the squares of the other color have similarly delimiting faces. This algorithm generates a topological interlocking configuration of tetrahedra or antiprisms. When checked for correctness (i.e. for no overlap), it rests on the tessellation to be of squares. If the tessellation consists of rectangles, then the algorithm fails. If the tessellation is irregular, then the tilting angle is not uniform for each edge and must be determined, in the worst case, by trial and error. In this article, we propose a method for generating topological interlocking configurations in one single iteration over the tessellation or mesh using a height value and a center point type for each tile as parameters. The required angles are a function of the given height and selected center; therefore, angle choices are not required as an initial input. The configurations generated using our method are compared against the configurations generated using the angle-choice approach. The results show that the proposed method maintains the alignment of the pieces and preserves the co-planarity of the equatorial sections of the pieces. Furthermore, the proposed method opens a path of geometric analysis for topological interlocking configurations based on non-planar tessellations.
keywords	Topological interlocking, surface tessellation, irregular geometry, parametric design, convex assembly
series	journal
email
last changed	2019/08/07 14:04

_id	cf2019_020
id	cf2019_020
authors	Belém, Catarina; Luís Santos and António Leitão
year	2019
title	On the Impact of Machine Learning: Architecture without Architects?
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, pp. 148-167
summary	Architecture has always followed and adopted technological breakthroughs of other areas. As a case in point, in the last decades, the field of computation changed the face of architectural practice. Considering the recent breakthroughs of Machine Learning (ML), it is expectable to see architecture adopting ML-based approaches. However, it is not yet clear how much this adoption will change the architectural practice and in order to forecast this change it is necessary to understand the foundations of ML and its impact in other fields of human activity. This paper discusses important ML techniques and areas where they were successfully applied. Based on those examples, this paper forecast hypothetical uses of ML in the realm of building design. In particular, we examine ML approaches in conceptualization, algorithmization, modeling, and optimization tasks. In the end, we conjecture potential applications of such approaches, suggest future lines of research, and speculate on the future face of the architectural profession.
keywords	Machine Learning, Algorithmic Design, AI for Building Design
series	CAAD Futures
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:54

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