Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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Reformat results as: short short into frame detailed detailed into frame

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_398
id	ecaadesigradi2019_398
authors	Fink, Theresa and Koenig, Reinhard
year	2019
title	Integrated Parametric Urban Design in Grasshopper / Rhinoceros 3D - Demonstrated on a Master Plan in Vienna
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 313-322
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.313
summary	By 2050 an estimated 70 percent of the world's population will live in megacities with more than 10 million citizens (Renner 2018). This growth calls for new target-oriented, interdisciplinary methods in urban planning and design in cities to meet sustainable development targets. In response, this paper exemplifies an integrated urban design process on a master plan project in Vienna. The objective is to investigate the potential towards a holistic, digital, urban design process aimed at the development of a practical methodology for future designs. The presented urban design process includes analyses and simulation tools within Rhinoceros 3D and its plug-in Grasshopper as quality-enhancing mediums that facilitate the creative approaches in the course of the project. The increase in efficiency and variety of design variants shows a promising future for the practical suitability of this approach.
keywords	urban design; parametric modeling; urban simulation; design evaluation; environmental performance
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2019_104
id	caadria2019_104
authors	Johan, Ryan, Chernyavsky, Michael, Fabbri, Alessandra, Gardner, Nicole, Haeusler, M. Hank and Zavoleas, Yannis
year	2019
title	Building Intelligence Through Generative Design - Structural analysis and optimisation informed by material performance
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 371-380
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.371
summary	Generative design (GD) is the process of defining high-level goals and constraints and then using computation to automatically explore a range of solutions that meet the desired requirements. Generative processes are intelligent ways to fast-track early design stages. The outcomes are analyzed simultaneously to inform decisions for architects and engineers. Whilst material properties have been defined as a driving agent within generative systems to calculate structure, material performance or structural capacity are not linked with early decision-making. In response, this paper sets a constrained approach upon traditional and non-traditional materials to validate the feasibility of structures. A GD tool is developed within Grasshopper using C-sharp, Karamaba3D, Galapagos and various engineering formulas. The result is a script, which prioritizes the structural qualities of material as a driving factor within generative systems and facilitates communication across different expertise.
keywords	Intelligent systems; generative design; material properties; structural analysis; evolutionary algorithms
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_408
id	ecaadesigradi2019_408
authors	Lohse, Theresa and Werner, Liss C.
year	2019
title	Semi-flexible Additive Manufacturing Materials for Modularization Purposes - A modular assembly proposal for a foam edge-based spatial framework
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 463-470
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.463
summary	This paper introduces a series of design and fabrication tests directed towards the use of bendable 3D printing materials in order to simplify a foam bubble-based geometry as a frame structure for modular assembly. The aspiration to reference a spittlebug's bubble cocoon in nature for a light installation in the urban context was integrated into a computational workflow conditioning light-weight, material-, and cost savings along with assembly-simplicity. Firstly, before elaborating on the project motivation and background in foam structures and applications of 3D-printed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) material, this paper describes the physical nature of bubble foams in its relevant aspects. Subsequently this is implemented into the parametric design process for an optimized foam structure with Grasshopper clarifying the need for flexible materials to enhance modular feasibility. Following, the additive manufacturing iterations of the digitally designed node components with TPU are presented and evaluated. Finally, after the test assembly of both components is depicted, this paper assesses the divergence between natural foams and the case study structure with respect to self-organizing behavior.
keywords	digital fabrication; 3D Printing; TPU flexibility ; modularity; optimization
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	acadia19_222
id	acadia19_222
authors	Birol, Eda Begum; Lu, Yao; Sekkin, Ege; Johnson, Colby; Moy, David; Islam, Yaseen; Sabin, Jenny
year	2019
title	POLYBRICK 2.0
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 222-233
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.222
summary	Natural load bearing structures are characterized by aspects of specialized morphology, lightweight, adaptability, and a regenerative life cycle. PolyBrick 2.0 aims to learn from and apply these characteristics in the pursuit of revitalizing ceramic load bearing structures. For this, algorithmic design processes are employed, whose physical manifestations are realized through available clay/porcelain additive manufacturing technologies (AMTs). By integrating specialized expertise across disciplines of architecture, engineering, and material science, our team proposes an algorithmic toolset to generate PolyBrick geometries that can be applied to various architectural typologies. Additionally, comparative frameworks for digital and physical performance analyses are outlined. Responding to increasing urgencies of material efficiency and environmental sensibility, this project strives to provide for designers a toolset for environmentally responsive, case-specific design, characterized by the embedded control qualities derived from the bone and its adaptability to specific loading conditions. Various approaches to brick tessellation and assembly are proposed and architectural possibilities are presented. As an outcome of this research, PolyBrick 2.0 is effectively established as a Grasshopper plug-in, “PolyBrick” to be further explored by designers.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_210
id	ecaadesigradi2019_210
authors	Castriotto, Caio, Giantini, Guilherme and Celani, Gabriela
year	2019
title	Biomimetic Reciprocal Frames - A design investigation on bird's nests and spatial structures
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 613-620
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.613
summary	Reciprocal Frame (RF) is a constructive system typically applied with timber, since it is composed by discrete elements with short dimensions. It allows the construction of large spans and complex geometries. This kind of structure has been addressed by recent research projects that aim to produce it using computational tools and digital fabrication techniques. Moreover, the enhancement of these technologies enabled the integration of simulations of biological processes into the design process as a way to obtain better and optimal results, which is known as Biomimetics. This paper describes the development of a spatial structure that combines the principles of RF and the assembly process of natural agents, such as birds, in a digital environment. The tools used for the generation of the structure were Rhinoceros, Grasshopper and different add-ons, such as Culebra, Kangaroo, Pufferfish and Weaverbird.
keywords	Biomimetics; Reciprocal Frame; Nexorade; Computational Design; Agent-Based System
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_146
id	ecaadesigradi2019_146
authors	Castro e Costa, Eduardo, Verniz, Debora, Varasteh, Siavash, Miller, Marc and Duarte, José
year	2019
title	Implementing the Santa Marta Urban Grammar - a pedagogical tool for design computing in architecture
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 349-358
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.349
summary	We present a tool intended to enable non-expert users to apply and manipulate a shape grammar, SMUG, which encodes the urban design of informal settlements such as favelas. Such tool, the Interpreter, was developed considering that students would be its main users, and therefore we consider this grammar implementation to potentially be a multipurpose pedagogical tool since it supports conveying knowledge about urban design, shape grammars and parametric modeling using Grasshopper. This paper focuses on the development of the Interpreter and discusses the results of its use in a design studio, which can better inform subsequent iteration as well as other courses and schools.
keywords	Shape grammars; Urban design; Design studio; Parametric modelling;
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_350
id	ecaadesigradi2019_350
authors	Cheng, Chi-Li and Hou, June-Hao
year	2019
title	A highly integrated Horizontal coordinate-based tool for architecture
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 305-312
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.305
summary	In this research, we attempt to develop a tool which integrates certain common geographic information from OpenStreetMap and OpenTopography into Grasshopper. We name it as OSMKIT temporarily. Besides, in order to make the integration in the design process easier, this tool includes the bilateral conversion function of coordinate in Rhinoceros 3D and the coordinate of the World Geodetic System. These characteristics bring about several possibilities for further usage. This paper contains explanations of functions and examples. For instance, it can be employed for data visualization on a map when these data contain coordinate information. Additionally, since this tool is simple and intuitive to convert points into GPS coordinates, it can make users plan drone for photogrammetry and deal with other related tasks on the rhinoceros 3D interface, helping them to gain most current urban models. Moreover, architects or designers can be not only users but also contributors for open source map system such as OpenStreetMap; the process of sharing the mode which user measure is demonstrated in this paper. To sum up, this coordinate system based tool is designed to be multifunctional and suitable for interdisciplinary usages in grasshopper.
keywords	open-source maps; data visualization; geographic information system; urban research; parametric design; interdisciplinary
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_397
id	ecaadesigradi2019_397
authors	Cristie, Verina and Joyce, Sam Conrad
year	2019
title	'GHShot': a collaborative and distributed visual version control for Grasshopper parametric programming
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 35-44
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.035
summary	When working with parametric models, architects typically focus on using rather structuring them (Woodbury, 2010). As a result, increasing design complexity typically means a convoluted parametric model, amplifying known problems: 'hard to understand, modify, share and reuse' (Smith 2007; Davis 2011). This practice is in contrast with conventional software-programming where programmers are known to meticulously document and structure their code with versioning tool. In this paper, we argue that versioning tools could help to manage parametric modelling complexity, as it has been showing with software counterparts. Four key features of version control: committing, differentiating, branching, and merging, and how they could be implemented in a parametric design practice are discussed. Initial user test sessions with 5 student designers using GHShot Grasshopper version control plugin (Cristie and Joyce 2018, 2017) revealed that the plugin is useful to record and overview design progression, share model, and provide a fallback mechanism.
keywords	Version Control; Parametric Design; Collaborative Design; Design Exploration
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_475
id	ecaadesigradi2019_475
authors	Düring, Serjoscha, Sluka, Andrej, Vesely, Ondrej and König, Reinhard
year	2019
title	Applied Spatial Accessibility Analysis for Urban Design - An integrated graph-gravity model implemented in Grasshopper
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 333-342
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.333
summary	This paper introduces a prototype for a user-friendly, responsive toolbox for spatial accessibility analysis in data-poor environments to support urban design processes. It allows for real-time computation of several evaluation indicators, mostly focused on accessibility related measures. The proposed framework is exemplified with three real-world case studies. Each of them demonstrates one part of the workflow; data gathering and preparation, sketching and developing scenarios, and impact analysis and scenario comparison.
keywords	accessibility; urban design; evidence-based design; graph model; gravity model
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_191
id	ecaadesigradi2019_191
authors	Engel, Pedro
year	2019
title	CONTROLING DESIGN VARIATIONS - DESIGNING A SEMANTIC CONTROLER FOR A GENERATIVE SYSTEM
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 369-376
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.369
summary	This article will describe the recent steps in the development of a computational generative system based on the selection and combination of ordinary architectural elements. Built as a Grasshopper definition, the system was conceived to generate designs of architectural façades and to produce models, physical and digital, for didactic use. More specifically, The paper will address the conception of controlling devices, that is, the parts of the computational system that govern design variations. This process involved two complementary actions: first, the definition of a clear organizational logic, where elements can be represented as a data structure that encompasses classes, sub-classes, sets, libraries and attributes; secondly, the establishment of means to operate the variations through the use of filters and heuristics based on visual patterns, allowing varying degrees of automation and user control. It will be argued that such organizational model paves the way to increase the number of design possibilities in the future and to and provide means to integrate of architectural criteria into the generation process. This research has received the support of CNPq.
keywords	Algorithm; Parametric Design; Architectural Design; Teaching ; Physical Model
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	cdrf2023_526
id	cdrf2023_526
authors	Eric Peterson, Bhavleen Kaur
year	2023
title	Printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic Multi-Bias Additive Manufacturing
source	Proceedings of the 2023 DigitalFUTURES The 5st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2023)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_44
summary	A research team at Florida International University Robotics and Digital Fabrication Lab has developed a novel method for 3d-printing curved open grid core sandwich structures using a thermoplastic extruder mounted on a robotic arm. This print-on-print additive manufacturing (AM) method relies on the 3d modeling software Rhinoceros and its parametric software plugin Grasshopper with Kuka-Parametric Robotic Control (Kuka-PRC) to convert NURBS surfaces into multi-bias additive manufacturing (MBAM) toolpaths. While several high-profile projects including the University of Stuttgart ICD/ITKE Research Pavilions 2014–15 and 2016–17, ETH-Digital Building Technologies project Levis Ergon Chair 2018, and 3D printed chair using Robotic Hybrid Manufacturing at Institute of Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) 2019, have previously demonstrated the feasibility of 3d printing with either MBAM or sandwich structures, this method for printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic MBAM combines these methods offering the possibility to significantly reduce the weight of spanning or cantilevered surfaces by incorporating the structural logic of open grid-core sandwiches with MBAM toolpath printing. Often built with fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), sandwich structures are a common solution for thin wall construction of compound curved surfaces that require a high strength-to-weight ratio with applications including aerospace, wind energy, marine, automotive, transportation infrastructure, architecture, furniture, and sports equipment manufacturing. Typical practices for producing sandwich structures are labor intensive, involving a multi-stage process including (1) the design and fabrication of a mould, (2) the application of a surface substrate such as FRP, (3) the manual application of a light-weight grid-core material, and (4) application of a second surface substrate to complete the sandwich. There are several shortcomings to this moulded manufacturing method that affect both the formal outcome and the manufacturing process: moulds are often costly and labor intensive to build, formal geometric freedom is limited by the minimum draft angles required for successful removal from the mould, and customization and refinement of product lines can be limited by the need for moulds. While the most common material for this construction method is FRP, our proof-of-concept experiments relied on low-cost thermoplastic using a specially configured pellet extruder. While the method proved feasible for small representative examples there remain significant challenges to the successful deployment of this manufacturing method at larger scales that can only be addressed with additional research. The digital workflow includes the following steps: (1) Create a 3D digital model of the base surface in Rhino, (2) Generate toolpaths for laminar printing in Grasshopper by converting surfaces into lists of oriented points, (3) Generate the structural grid-core using the same process, (4) Orient the robot to align in the direction of the substructure geometric planes, (5) Print the grid core using MBAM toolpaths, (6) Repeat step 1 and 2 for printing the outer surface with appropriate adjustments to the extruder orientation. During the design and printing process, we encountered several challenges including selecting geometry suitable for testing, extruder orientation, calibration of the hot end and extrusion/movement speeds, and deviation between the computer model and the physical object on the build platen. Physical models varied from their digital counterparts by several millimeters due to material deformation in the extrusion and cooling process. Real-time deviation verification studies will likely improve the workflow in future studies.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:04

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_239
id	ecaadesigradi2019_239
authors	Garrido, Federico and Meyer, Joost
year	2019
title	Dexterity-controlled Design Procedures
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 659-668
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.659
summary	This paper explores the development of design procedures in relationship to their digital proceedings, in order to interface human movement and parametric design procedures. The research studied the use of Leap Motion controller, a gesture recognition device using infrared sensors combined with time-based generative tools in Rhinoceros Grasshopper. A physical, artistic procedure was used as a reference to model a digital design procedure, including a series of parametric definitions combined with them in an attempt to produce complex three-dimensional designs in real time. In a later stage of this research, a modular, open source, digitizing arm was developed to capture hand movement and interact with an autonomous parametric definition, augmenting even more the range of applications of dexterity-based digital design. The challenge of this experimental investigation lies in the negotiation of the designer's needs for a complex yet open design process and the possibilities of defined soft- and hardware solutions.
keywords	digital design; dexterity; parametric design; motion detection
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2019_080
id	caadria2019_080
authors	Green, Stephen, King, Geoff, Fabbri, Alessandra, Gardner, Nicole, Haeusler, M. Hank and Zavoleas, Yannis
year	2019
title	Designing Out Urban Heat Islands - Optimisation of footpath materials with different albedo value through evolutionary algorithms to address urban heat island effect
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 603-612
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.603
summary	The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect is pronounced in dense urban developments, and particular an issue in the case study city of Parramatta, where temperature increases are impacting use of public space, health, and economic productivity. To mitigate against elevated temperatures in built up areas, this research explores the optimisation of paving material layouts through using an evolutionary algorithm. High albedo (reflective) materials are objectively cooler than low albedo (absorbent) materials yet tend to be more expensive. To reduce the amount of heat absorbent pavement materials whilst keeping in mind material costs, a range of materials of different albedo levels (reflectivity) can be assigned on the same path using an evolutionary algorithm to optimise the coolest materials for the cheapest price. Over the course of this paper, this research aim will be approached using visual scripting software such as Grasshopper to simulate daylight analysis and to generate an optimisation algorithm. Previous research on the topics of UHI have revealed different methods for solving specific problems, all focusing on using software analysis to determine an informed decision on construction. The paper contributes via a computational approach of material selection to battle urban heat island effects.
keywords	urban heat island; albedo value; material properties; evolutionary algorithm ; landscape architecture
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2019_091
id	caadria2019_091
authors	Ilha Pereira, Bianca
year	2019
title	Master Planning with Urban Algorithms - Urban parameters, optimization and scenarios
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 51-60
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.051
summary	The analogue definition of studies on urban planning can be very time consuming in the top-down process of designing. Keeping in mind the rapid urbanization we had in Brazil, and the continuous migration to the capital of the country located in Federal District, our aim is to use digital aid models that could be flexible and make quicker responses to urban issues. Algorithms as finite sequences of instructions have broad application. Designing cities demands the interpretation of variables linked to the territory and takes into account the current legislation in order to develop urban plans. This research creates an algorithmic basis using GrasshopperÂ® to propose a mathematical solution for interpreting the existing space, and from it, to model urban scenes. The territorial analysis uses the user's perspective, with the interpretation of pre-existing characteristics, such as main roads, function and equipment distributions that make up the basic services. It is based on parameters extracted from theoretical repertoire and community facilities optimization through Galapagos evolutionary solver to deliver different proposed scenarios.
keywords	urban algorithms; master planning; Grasshopper; Galapagos; Federal District
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	caadria2019_651
id	caadria2019_651
authors	Imani, Marzieh, Sayah, Iman, Vale, Brenda and Donn, Michael
year	2019
title	An Innovative, Hierarchical Energy Performance Data Visualization for Facilitating Recognition of Thermal Issues
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 815-824
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.815
summary	This paper discusses the characteristics of and relationships between the most common building energy performance tools for simulating and visualising the thermal behaviour of buildings at the early stage of building design. The necessity for the latter and the importance of using relevant tools in practice are discussed. By highlighting existing gaps in these tools, a complementary component has been suggested that could assist building scientists in evaluating energy simulation results. The proposed energy performance data visualisation (EPDV) component is an under-development plugin (SlowLoris) that is intended to be added to the existing Grasshopper add-ons. This EPDV component provides users with simultaneous but different visualisation styles of monthly energy reports for individual floors and thermal zones. As an example, this paper uses a 2-storey building model to show the applicability of the plugin to analysis of energy simulation results.
keywords	Building energy simulation; Data visualization; Energy performance analysis
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_195
id	ecaadesigradi2019_195
authors	Knecht, Katja, Stefanescu, Dimitrie A. and Koenig, Reinhard
year	2019
title	Citizen Engagement through Design Space Exploration - Integrating citizen knowledge and expert design in computational urban planning
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 785-794
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.785
summary	A common understanding exists that citizens should become more involved in the design, planning, and governance of the city. Due to a lack of common platforms and difficulties in the meaningful integration of the participatory input, however, the tools and methods currently employed in citizen engagement are often ill connected to the design and governance tools and processes used by experts. In this paper we describe a Grasshopper and Rhino based approach, which allows designers to share a subset of the design space formed by parametric design variants with citizens via the online interface Beta.Speckle. In a user study we evaluated the usability of the tool as well as studied the design choices of participants, which were found to be influenced by preferences for visual order and underlying economic, social, and environmental values. For the future design of participatory exercises, it was concluded that indicators relating to citizens' values and preferences will allow for a more effective exploration of the design space and increase the meaningfulness of results.
keywords	design space exploration; citizen engagement; parametric urban design; computational urban planning; space matrix
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_567
id	ecaadesigradi2019_567
authors	Konieva, Kateryna, Joos, Michael Roberto, Herthogs, Pieter and Tunçer, Bige
year	2019
title	Facilitating Communication in a Design Process using a Web Interface for Real-time Interaction with Grasshopper Scripts
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 731-738
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.731
summary	Urban design project development encompasses a wide range of disciplines and approaches, which often have separate goals, frameworks, and software tools. Lack of timely alignment of the disconnected expert inputs to the common vision leads to an increasing number of revisions and decreases chances for finding a compromise solution. We developed an intuitive browser-supported interface in order to incorporate various types of expert inputs and ways of representing the information to take a first step towards facilitating collaborative decision-making processes. The current paper describes the application of the developed tool on three exemplary case studies, where the expert and non-expert users' inputs are combined and analysed using Grasshopper scripts at the back-end. Pilot user studies conducted with professionals have shown that the tool has potential to facilitate collaboration across disciplines and compromise decisions, while most of the participants were still more likely to use it for communication with customers rather than the design team. It suggests that the interaction scheme of different actors with the tool needs to correspond better to the interaction of different actors during common negotiation processes. The findings suggest that the type of involvement of different stakeholders should be explored further in order to find the balance in functionality suitable for different parties.
keywords	computational design; design exploration; collaborative design
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2019_362
id	caadria2019_362
authors	Lee, Jaejong, Ikeda, Yasushi and Hotta, Kensuke
year	2019
title	Comparative Evaluation of Viewing Elements by Visibility Heat Map of 3D Isovist - Urban planning experiment for Shinkiba in Tokyo Bay
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 341-350
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.341
summary	This paper presents a visibility analysis for 3D urban environments and its possible applications for urban design. This multi-view visibility analysis tool was generated by 3D isovist in Grasshopper, Rhino. The advantage of this analysis tool is that it can be compared within the measurement area. In addition, setting a visual object different from the existing isovist. The visual object is a landmark of a city space, such as landscape or object. First, the application experimented on the relevance between the calculation time and precision by this analysis tool. Based on the results of this experiment, it applied it to an actual part of an urban space. The multi-view visibility includes confirming the possibility of a comprehensive evaluation on the urban redevelopment and change of the view caused by the building layout plan - by numerical analysis showing the visual characteristics of the area while using 3D isovist theory. The practically applied area is Shinkiba, which is a part of Tokyo's landfill site; and while using the calculated data, multi-view visibility of each plan in the simulation of the visibility map is compared and evaluated.
keywords	3D isovist; Multi-view visibility; Comprehensive integration visibility evaluation; Urban redevelopment; Algorithmic urban design
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2019_134
id	caadria2019_134
authors	Li, Yunqin, Zhang, Jiaxin and Yu, Chuanfei
year	2019
title	Intelligent Multi-Objective Optimization Method for Complex Building Layout based on Pedestrian Flow Organization - A case study of People's Court building in Anhui, China
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 271-280
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.271
summary	The pedestrian flow of the building influences and determines the layout of the building's plan. For buildings with complex flow such as courts, airports, and stations, mixed flow line and low traffic efficiency are prone to be problems. However, the optimization of the layout of complex flow buildings usually relies on the architect's experience to judge and trials to improve. To overcome these problems, we attempt to establish a parametric model of buildings' plan (taking a typical court building as an example) with information about the different pedestrian flow and functional groups. Based on the Rhino and Grasshopper platform, we take the minimum of different pedestrian flow path length and the maximum of total spatial integration value and the minimum of total spatial entropy value as the starting point, combines pathfinding algorithm, Space Syntax and multi-objective genetic algorithm to optimize space allocation. The result shows that, compared with the original scheme, the intelligent optimised scheme can reduce the spatial waste caused by improper flow organisation, effectively improve space transportation capacity and spatial organization efficiency.
keywords	Intelligent optimisation; space allocation; multi-objective optimization algorithm; Space Syntax; pathfinding algorithm
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	sigradi2023_416
id	sigradi2023_416
authors	Machado Fagundes, Cristian Vinicius, Miotto Bruscato, Léia, Paiva Ponzio, Angelica and Chornobai, Sara Regiane
year	2023
title	Parametric environment for internalization and classification of models generated by the Shap-E tool
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 1689–1698
summary	Computing has been increasingly employed in design environments, primarily to perform calculations and logical decisions faster than humans could, enabling tasks that would be impossible or too time-consuming to execute manually. Various studies highlight the use of digital tools and technologies in diverse methods, such as parametric modeling and evolutionary algorithms, for exploring and optimizing alternatives in architecture, design, and engineering (Martino, 2015; Fagundes, 2019). Currently, there is a growing emergence of intelligent models that increasingly integrate computers into the design process. Demonstrating great potential for initial ideation, artificial intelligence (AI) models like Shap-E (Nichol et al., 2023) by OpenAI stand out. Although this model falls short of state-of-the-art sample quality, it is among the most efficient orders of magnitude for generating three-dimensional models through AI interfaces, offering practical balance for certain use cases. Thus, aiming to explore this gap, the presented study proposes an innovative design agency framework by employing Shap-E connected with parametric modeling in the design process. The generation tool has shown promising results; through generations of synthetic views conditioned by text captions, its final output is a mesh. However, due to the lack of topological information in models generated by Shap-E, we propose to fill this gap by transferring data to a parametric three-dimensional surface modeling environment. Consequently, this interaction's use aims to enable the transformation of the mesh into quantifiable surfaces, subject to collection and optimization of dimensional data of objects. Moreover, this work seeks to enable the creation of artificial databases through formal categorization of parameterized outputs using the K-means algorithm. For this purpose, the study methodologically orients itself in a four-step exploratory experimental process: (1) creation of models generated by Shap-E in a pressing manner; (2) use of parametric modeling to internalize models into the Grasshopper environment; (3) generation of optimized alternatives using the evolutionary algorithm (Biomorpher); (4) and classification of models using the K-means algorithm. Thus, the presented study proposes, through an environment of internalization and classification of models generated by the Shap-E tool, to contribute to the construction of a new design agency methodology in the decision-making process of design. So far, this research has resulted in the generation and classification of a diverse set of three-dimensional shapes. These shapes are grouped for potential applications in machine learning, in addition to providing insights for the refinement and detailed exploration of forms.
keywords	Shap-E, Parametric Design, Evolutionary Algorithm, Synthetic Database, Artificial Intelligence
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:09

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