Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cdrf2023_526
id	cdrf2023_526
authors	Eric Peterson, Bhavleen Kaur
year	2023
title	Printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic Multi-Bias Additive Manufacturing
source	Proceedings of the 2023 DigitalFUTURES The 5st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2023)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_44
summary	A research team at Florida International University Robotics and Digital Fabrication Lab has developed a novel method for 3d-printing curved open grid core sandwich structures using a thermoplastic extruder mounted on a robotic arm. This print-on-print additive manufacturing (AM) method relies on the 3d modeling software Rhinoceros and its parametric software plugin Grasshopper with Kuka-Parametric Robotic Control (Kuka-PRC) to convert NURBS surfaces into multi-bias additive manufacturing (MBAM) toolpaths. While several high-profile projects including the University of Stuttgart ICD/ITKE Research Pavilions 2014–15 and 2016–17, ETH-Digital Building Technologies project Levis Ergon Chair 2018, and 3D printed chair using Robotic Hybrid Manufacturing at Institute of Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) 2019, have previously demonstrated the feasibility of 3d printing with either MBAM or sandwich structures, this method for printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic MBAM combines these methods offering the possibility to significantly reduce the weight of spanning or cantilevered surfaces by incorporating the structural logic of open grid-core sandwiches with MBAM toolpath printing. Often built with fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), sandwich structures are a common solution for thin wall construction of compound curved surfaces that require a high strength-to-weight ratio with applications including aerospace, wind energy, marine, automotive, transportation infrastructure, architecture, furniture, and sports equipment manufacturing. Typical practices for producing sandwich structures are labor intensive, involving a multi-stage process including (1) the design and fabrication of a mould, (2) the application of a surface substrate such as FRP, (3) the manual application of a light-weight grid-core material, and (4) application of a second surface substrate to complete the sandwich. There are several shortcomings to this moulded manufacturing method that affect both the formal outcome and the manufacturing process: moulds are often costly and labor intensive to build, formal geometric freedom is limited by the minimum draft angles required for successful removal from the mould, and customization and refinement of product lines can be limited by the need for moulds. While the most common material for this construction method is FRP, our proof-of-concept experiments relied on low-cost thermoplastic using a specially configured pellet extruder. While the method proved feasible for small representative examples there remain significant challenges to the successful deployment of this manufacturing method at larger scales that can only be addressed with additional research. The digital workflow includes the following steps: (1) Create a 3D digital model of the base surface in Rhino, (2) Generate toolpaths for laminar printing in Grasshopper by converting surfaces into lists of oriented points, (3) Generate the structural grid-core using the same process, (4) Orient the robot to align in the direction of the substructure geometric planes, (5) Print the grid core using MBAM toolpaths, (6) Repeat step 1 and 2 for printing the outer surface with appropriate adjustments to the extruder orientation. During the design and printing process, we encountered several challenges including selecting geometry suitable for testing, extruder orientation, calibration of the hot end and extrusion/movement speeds, and deviation between the computer model and the physical object on the build platen. Physical models varied from their digital counterparts by several millimeters due to material deformation in the extrusion and cooling process. Real-time deviation verification studies will likely improve the workflow in future studies.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:04

_id	caadria2019_103
id	caadria2019_103
authors	Silva, Lilian, Silva, Neander and Lacroix, Igor
year	2019
title	Integrating Parametric Modeling with BIM through Generative Programming for the production of NURBS Surfaces and Structures
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 635-644
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.635
summary	A workflow for integration of parametric modeling with BIM, using generative-programming, is described and tested in this research. The objective is to take advantage of these two distinctive design paradigms. This paper describes a design experiment that required a NURBS roof generated by sweeping profiles along a curved path. We assumed the use of multiple applications, using various file formats, are facts and are unlikely to disappear. Given that interoperability issues will certainly arise, we propose and test a design workflow using parametric modeling, generative programming, and building information modeling. Our major contribution was defining a workflow for designing NURBS surfaces and corresponding supporting structures enhancing interoperability among different applications through generative-programming.
keywords	NURBS; Parametric; Programming; Interoperability; BIM
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	cf2019_011
id	cf2019_011
authors	Silva, Lilian; Neander Silva and Igor Lacroix
year	2019
title	Interoperability Workflow Method for Designing NURBS Surfaces and Structures with Generative Programming
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, pp. 88-100
summary	The workflow for integration of parametric modeling with BIM is using generative-programming described and tested in this research. The workflow aims to take advantage of these two distinctive design paradigms. This paper describes a design experiment that called for a NURBS roof generated by sweeping profiles along a curved path. Computer applications in the field of architecture are often based on a diverse range of design paradigms. We assumed the use of multiple applications, using various file formats, are facts and are unlikely to disappear. Given that interoperability issues will certainly arise, in this article, we propose and test a design workflow using parametric modeling, generative programming, and building information modeling. Our objective is to test the efficiency and improve upon the compatibility between Parametric-Algorithmic-Design and BIM applications. Our major contribution was defining a workflow for designing NURBS surfaces and corresponding supporting structures enhancing interoperability among different applications through generative-programming.
keywords	NURBS, Parametrics, Programming, Interoperability, BIM
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:08

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_345
id	ecaadesigradi2019_345
authors	Jovanovic, Marko, Vucic, Marko, Stulic, Radovan and Petrovic, Maja
year	2019
title	Design Guidelines for Zero Waste Manufacturing of Freeform EPS Facades
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 779-788
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.779
summary	The application of curved facade designs in contemporary architectural practice has become adamant in combining the digital tools with the material properties. By expanding the focus to manufacturing as well, the topic of waste is introduced. In order to avoid the generation of waste material during fabrication, in this research a workflow is introduced which describes the design of freeform surfaces out of expanded polystyrene blocks (EPS), while producing zero waste. The main premise is that a piece cut out of an EPS block has a piece that is left inside the block, its complement. Following the premise, it is only necessary to design one half of the freeform surface over a desired facade area and the other part would align to it. After the freeform surface is generated, a tessellation process is described, prepared for robotic hotwire cutting, following the limitation of the EPS block dimension and the inclusion of the minimal insulating layer.
keywords	freeform surface; ruled surface approximation; minimal insulating layer; complements
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia19_470
id	acadia19_470
authors	Meyboom, AnnaLisa; Correa, David; Krieg, Oliver David
year	2019
title	Stressed Skin Wood Surface Structure
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 470-477
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.470
summary	Innovation in parametric design and robotic fabrication is in reciprocal relationship with the investigation of new structural types that facilitated by this technology. The stressed skin structure has historically been used to create lightweight curved structures, mainly in engineering applications such as naval vessels, aircraft, and space shuttles. Stressed skin structures were first referred to by Fairbairn in 1849. In England, the first use of the structure was in the Mosquito night bomber of World War II. In the United States, stressed skin structures were used at the same time, when the Wright Patterson Air Force Base designed and fabricated the Vultee BT-15 fuselage using fiberglass-reinforced polyester as the face material and both glass-fabric honeycomb and balsa wood core. With the renewed interest in wood as a structural building material, due to its sustainable characteristics, new potentials for the use of stressed skin structures made from wood on building scales are emerging. The authors present a material informed system that is characterized by its adaptability to freeform curvature on exterior surfaces. A stressed skin system can employ thinner materials that can be bent in their elastic bending range and then fixed into place, leading to the ability to be architecturally malleable, structurally highly efficient, as well as easily buildable. The interstitial space can also be used for services. Advanced digital fabrication and robotic manufacturing methods further enhance this capability by enabling precisely fabricated tolerances and embedded assembly instructions; these are essential to fabricate complex, multi-component forms. Through a prototypical installation, the authors demonstrate and discuss the technology of the stressed skin structure in wood considering current digital design and fabrication technologies.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2019_648
id	caadria2019_648
authors	Schumann, Kyle and Johns, Ryan Luke
year	2019
title	Airforming - Adaptive Robotic Molding of Freeform Surfaces through Incremental Heat and Variable Pressure
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 33-42
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.033
summary	Advances in computational modelling and digital fabrication have created both the need and ability for novel strategies of bringing digitally modeled doubly curved surfaces into reality. In this paper, we introduce airforming as a non-contact and formwork-free method for fabricating digitally designed surfaces through the iterative robotic application of heat and air pressure, coupled with sensory feedback. The process lies somewhere between incremental metal fabrication and traditional vacuum forming of plastics. Airforming does not add or subtract material or use any mold or formwork materials that would typically be discarded as waste. Instead, airforming shapes a plastic sheet through the controlled spatial application of heat and the control of pressure and vacuum within an airtight chamber beneath the material. Through our research, we develop and test a method for airforming through 3D scanning and point cloud analysis, evolutionary physics simulation solvers, and robotic-aided actuation and control of heating and pressure systems. Different variations and analysis and workflow methods are explored. We demonstrate and posit potential future applications for the airforming method.
keywords	Robotic Production; Digital Fabrication; Incremental Forming; Thermoforming; Freeform Surface
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	caadria2019_659
id	caadria2019_659
authors	Wang, Xiang, Guo, Zhe, Zhang, Xiao, Jin, Jinxi and Yuan, Philip F.
year	2019
title	Design, Analysis and Robotic Fabrication of a Bending-Active Shell Structure with Thin Sheets Based on Curved-Crease-Folding Technique
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 63-72
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.063
summary	This paper shows a design and building application of an innovative structure concept which is developed by the authors. The long-span shell structure (8m10m2.5m) built with 1.5mm thin aluminum sheets demonstrates the possibility to apply bending-active structures with flexible thin sheet material in shell structures to enhance the global and local stiffness. The structure is mainly originated from the curved-crease-folding technique which enhances the structural stiffness by introducing curvature to the surfaces. The Y-shape structural elements define the basic geometrical rules and find its global double-curved geometry via the folding of the three lateral ribs. The full-scale prototype and its design and fabrication techniques show a design framework of the structure from its form-finding, surface optimization, robotic simulated fabrication to the final full-scale assembly. As a pioneer pavilion in a research workshop, students' design with diverse forms also show the widely possible application of this structural concept.
keywords	shell structure; thin aluminum sheets; bending-active; robotic creased-folding
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	acadia19_122
id	acadia19_122
authors	Yavaribajestani, Yasaman; Schleicher, Simon
year	2019
title	Bio-Inspired Lamellar Structures
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 122-129
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.122
summary	Gaining rigidity and strength from malleable and flexible parts is the key challenge in the emerging field of bending-active structures. The goal of this construction approach is to use the large elastic deformations of planar elements for the building of complex curved structures. Aiming to contribute to this research and to make new discoveries, the authors of this paper will look at nature for inspiration and explore how structures in the plant kingdom successfully combine high flexibility with high resilience. The focus of this study are the structural principles found in fibrous cactus skeletons. Not only do the cactus skeletons show impressive structural behavior, but also their optimized form, fiber orientation, and material distribution can inspire the further development of bending-active structures. Learning from these models, the authors will present key cactus-inspired design principles and test their practical feasibility in a prototypical installation made from millimeter-thin strips of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). Similar to the biological role model, this 6-meter-tall lamellar structure takes advantage of clever cross-bracing strategies that significantly increase stability and improve resilience. The authors explain in more detail the underlying design and construction methods and discuss the possible impact this research may have on the further development of bending-active structures.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ijac201917206
id	ijac201917206
authors	Ackerman, Aidan; Jonathan Cave, Chien-Yu Lin and Kyle Stillwell
year	2019
title	Computational modeling for climate change: Simulating and visualizing a resilient landscape architecture design approach
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 17 - no. 2, 125-147
summary	Coastlines are changing, wildfires are raging, cities are getting hotter, and spatial designers are charged with the task of designing to mitigate these unknowns. This research examines computational digital workflows to understand and alleviate the impacts of climate change on urban landscapes. The methodology includes two separate simulation and visualization workflows. The first workflow uses an animated particle fluid simulator in combination with geographic information systems data, Photoshop software, and three-dimensional modeling and animation software to simulate erosion and sedimentation patterns, coastal inundation, and sea level rise. The second workflow integrates building information modeling data, computational fluid dynamics simulators, and parameters from EnergyPlus and Landsat to produce typologies and strategies for mitigating urban heat island effects. The effectiveness of these workflows is demonstrated by inserting design prototypes into modeled environments to visualize their success or failure. The result of these efforts is a suite of workflows which have the potential to vastly improve the efficacy with which architects and landscape architects use existing data to address the urgency of climate change.
keywords	Modeling, simulation, environment, ecosystem, landscape, climate change, sea level rise, urban heat island
series	journal
email
last changed	2019/08/07 14:04

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_068
id	ecaadesigradi2019_068
authors	Agirbas, Asli
year	2019
title	The Effect of Complex Wall Forms on the Room Acoustics - An experimental case study
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 97-102
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.097
summary	The complexity of the wall form affects the acoustics of the space. In this study, the effect of the complex form walls produced by nCloth dynamic simulation on the acoustics of an office space was investigated. In this research, reverberation time and Speech Transmission Index (STI) values of the pilot office space with one wall having complex form and the office space with all of the walls as flat were measured by acoustic simulation. As a result of the comparison, it has been found that, within speech intelligibility and reverberation time, the acoustics of the space with one wall having complex form is better than the acoustics of the space with all the walls as flat.
keywords	nCloth; Acoustics; Complex forms; Modeling & simulation
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2021_203
id	ecaade2021_203
authors	Arora, Hardik, Bielski, Jessica, Eisenstadt, Viktor, Langenhan, Christoph, Ziegler, Christoph, Althoff, Klaus-Dieter and Dengel, Andreas
year	2021
title	Consistency Checker - An automatic constraint-based evaluator for housing spatial configurations
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 351-358
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.351
summary	The gradual rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and its increasing visibility among many research disciplines affected Computer-Aided Architectural Design (CAAD). Architectural deep learning (DL) approaches are being developed and published on a regular basis, such as retrieval (Sharma et al. 2017) or design style manipulation (Newton 2019; Silvestre et al. 2016). However, there seems to be no method to evaluate highly constrained spatial configurations for specific architectural domains (such as housing or office buildings) based on basic architectural principles and everyday practices. This paper introduces an automatic constraint-based consistency checker to evaluate the coherency of semantic spatial configurations of housing construction using a small set of design principles to evaluate our DL approaches. The consistency checker informs about the overall performance of a spatial configuration followed by whether it is open/closed and the constraints it didn't satisfy. This paper deals with the relation of spaces processed as mathematically formalized graphs contrary to existing model checking software like Solibri.
keywords	model checking, building information modeling, deep learning, data quality
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia19_458
id	acadia19_458
authors	Bartosh, Amber; Anzalone, Phillip
year	2019
title	Experimental Applications of Virtual Reality in Design Education
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 458-467
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.458
summary	By introducing rapid reproduction, algorithms, and complex formal configurations, the digital era of architecture began a revolution. Architects incorporated the computational capacity of the computer into the design process both as a tool and as a critical component of the theories and practice of architecture as a whole. As we move into what has been coined “the second digital turn,” a period in which digital integration is considered ubiquitous, how can we consider, prepare, and propel towards the next technological innovation to significantly inform design thinking, representation, and manifestation? What tools are available to investigate this speculative design future and how can they be implemented? If the integration of technology in architecture is now a given, perhaps the next digital design era is not just digital but virtual. As new technologies emerge the potential for integrating the virtual design world with our physical senses affords novel possibilities for interactive design, simulation, analysis and construction. Hybrid reality technologies including virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), embody the potential to supersede conventional representation methodologies such as drawing, rendering, physical modeling, and animation. As they become increasingly pervasive, they will transform how we communicate ideas and data as spatial concepts. Further, they will reform the construct of the built environment when applied to both materiality and fabrication. This paper will describe the incorporation of VR as a tool in various classroom and laboratory settings, recognize the educational outcomes of this incorporation, and identify the potential relationship of these technologies to future academic exploration and application to practice.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_628
id	ecaadesigradi2019_628
authors	Borunda, Luis, Ladron de Guevara, Manuel and Anaya, Jesus
year	2019
title	Design Method for Optimized Infills in Additive Manufacturing Thermoplastic Components
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 493-502
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.493
summary	The following article extends and tests computational methodologies of design to consider Finite Element Analysis in the creation of optimized infill structures based on regular and semi-regular patterns that comply with the geometrical constraints of deposition. The Stress-Deformation relationship manifested in Finite Element Analysis is structured in order to influence the geometrical arrangement of the complex spatial infill. The research presents and discusses a program of performance informed infill design, and validates the generalizability of a method of internalizing and automating Finite Element Method (FEM) processing in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) workflows, and tests manufacturability of the methods through its ability to handle the FDM process constraints of FEM influenced intricate geometries.
keywords	Additive Manufacturing; Finite Element Analysis; Fused Deposition Modeling; 3D infill
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cf2019_021
id	cf2019_021
authors	Cheng, Chi-Li and June-Hao Hou
year	2019
title	A Method of Mesh Simplification for Drone 3D Modeling with Architectural Feature Extraction
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 169
summary	This paper proposes a method of mesh simplification for 3D terrain or city models generated photogrammetrically from drone captured images, enabled by the ability of extracting the architectural features. Compare to traditional geometric computational method, the proposed method recognizes and processes the features from the architectural perspectives. In addition, the workflow also allows exporting the simplified models and geometric features to open platforms, e.g. OpenStreetMap, for practical usages in site analysis, city generation, and contributing to the open data communities.
keywords	Mesh Reconstruction, photogrammetry, mesh simplification, procedural mode, machine learning
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:08

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_249
id	ecaadesigradi2019_249
authors	Chiarella, Mauro, Gronda, Luciana and Veizaga, Martín
year	2019
title	RILAB - architectural envelopes - From spatial representation (generative algorithm) to geometric physical optimization (scientific modeling)
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 17-24
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.017
summary	Augmented graphical thinking operates by integrating algorithmic, heuristic, and manufacturing processes. The Representation and Ideation Laboratory (RILAB-2018) exercise begins with the application of a parametric definition developed by the team of teachers, allowing for the construction of structural systems by the means of the combination of segmental shells and bending-active. The main objetive is the construction of a scientific model of simulation for bending-active laminar structures has brought into reality trustworthy previews for architectural envelopes through the interaction of parametrized relational variables. This way we put designers in a strategic role for the building of the pre-analysis models, allowing more preciseness at the time of picking and defining materials, shapes, spaces and technologies and thus minimizing the decisions based solely in the definition of structural typological categories, local tradition or direct experience. The results verify that the strategic integration of models of geometric physical optimization and spatial representation greatly expand the capabilities in the construction of the complex system that operates in the act of projecting architecture.
keywords	architectural envelopes; augmented graphic thinking; geometric optimization; bending-active
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_342
id	ecaadesigradi2019_342
authors	Costa Couceiro, Mauro, Lobo, Rui and Monteiro, António
year	2019
title	Inserting and Encircling - Two complementary immersive strategies for mixed-reality applied to cultural heritage *
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 91-98
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.091
summary	To accomplish the aims of a three-year research project we are developing, connected to cultural heritage, we became interested in the fusion of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality, two emergent development fields that gave birth to what was coined as Mixed Reality. Both dimensions have intricate connections with hardware and software improvements related with the so called "4th Industrial Revolution".Virtual Reality (VR), an interactive experience generated by a computer, takes place inside of simulated environments, which can be analogous to the real world or which can be created as imaginary contexts. On the other hand, Augmented Reality (AR) is always based in an interactive experience inside a tangible environment where the elements of that reality are nurtured with digital information, across several senses, to empathize certain aspects of reality. Our research combines both VR and AR to empathize sensory and intellectual experience. To do so, several senses, mainly visual and auditory, are stimulated.We therefore explore two Case-Studies from our research project in order to show two different strategies. The intention of both situations is to create immersive mixed reality environments where the fusion of the digital and analogue elements can be persistently sustained by the visual outputs.
keywords	Santa Cruz Monastery; Mixed Reality; VR/AR; 3D scanning; 3D modeling; Lost heritage
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_421
id	ecaadesigradi2019_421
authors	Djuric, Isidora, Stojakovic, Vesna, Misic, Snezana, Kekeljevic, Igor, Vasiljevic, Ivana, Obradovic, Milos and Obradovic, Ratko
year	2019
title	Church Heritage Multimedia Presentation - Case study of the iconostasis as the characteristic art and architectural element of the Christian Orthodox churches
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 551-560
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.551
summary	This paper is part of ongoing research which aims is to develop the methodology for the church heritage digitization and visualization. The subject of the presented work is the iconostasis, as a significant part of the Christian Orthodox church heritage, distinguished by its bilateral character, as an architectural element of a church interior and an art piece composed of icons. Considering that iconostases can be seen only in situ, we developed the methodology for its digitization and virtual representation dissemination, which provides a user with the possibility to visualize iconostases outside the physical borders of sacral interiors. The proposed methodology relies on techniques for photogrammetric surveying, 3D modeling, and augmented reality visualization, and it is presented in a particular case study of the iconostasis. An outcome is shown as the multimedia presentation of an exhibition, realized throughout collaboration between the university and the museum.
keywords	church heritage; iconostasis; multimedia presentation; photogrammetry; AR
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia19_554
id	acadia19_554
authors	Farzaneh, Ali; Weinstock, Michael
year	2019
title	Mathematical Modeling of Cities as Complex Systems
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 554-563
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.554
summary	Within the domain of computational modelling for cities, the study of complex systems has stimulated a body of research (through mathematical and scientific modelling) that has given greater insight into the characteristic of cities. These characteristics share principles in their hierarchical organisation and formation over time with that of complex living systems. The central focus of the research lies in two parts: the first is the understanding of cities as complex systems that share principles with complex living systems; the second is the computational modelling of cities as complex systems. This paper presents a computational model capable of generating urban tissues of differentiated spatial and morphological patterns that emerge over time. The generative process is driven by simultaneous interaction and exchanges between block and network systems.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_398
id	ecaadesigradi2019_398
authors	Fink, Theresa and Koenig, Reinhard
year	2019
title	Integrated Parametric Urban Design in Grasshopper / Rhinoceros 3D - Demonstrated on a Master Plan in Vienna
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 313-322
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.313
summary	By 2050 an estimated 70 percent of the world's population will live in megacities with more than 10 million citizens (Renner 2018). This growth calls for new target-oriented, interdisciplinary methods in urban planning and design in cities to meet sustainable development targets. In response, this paper exemplifies an integrated urban design process on a master plan project in Vienna. The objective is to investigate the potential towards a holistic, digital, urban design process aimed at the development of a practical methodology for future designs. The presented urban design process includes analyses and simulation tools within Rhinoceros 3D and its plug-in Grasshopper as quality-enhancing mediums that facilitate the creative approaches in the course of the project. The increase in efficiency and variety of design variants shows a promising future for the practical suitability of this approach.
keywords	urban design; parametric modeling; urban simulation; design evaluation; environmental performance
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_613
id	ecaadesigradi2019_613
authors	Guedes, Ítalo and Andrade, Max
year	2019
title	Automatic Rule-Based Checking for the Approval of Building Architectural Designs of Airport Passenger Terminals based on BIM
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 333-338
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.333
summary	In Brazil, the evaluation processes of building architectural designs of Airports Passenger Terminal (PT) are carried out manually. It depends on the architects' knowledge, leading to possible errors. On the other hand, the rule checking in BIM-modeled building projects opens up new horizons for this type of activity. Based on Code Checking concepts, this paper presents a method for automating rule checking for building code in building architectural design of PT. Following the aspects of Design Science Research, it is developed in two stages: Construction (theoretical foundation, creating rule checking for the PT, implementation of the rules in BIM softwares for code checking and validation) and Evaluation of artefact. This paper shows a series of problems resulting from the evaluation of PT using traditional methods. It can be concluded that the use of rules for regulatory code checking with BIM allows standardization in the evaluation of architectural design of PT.
keywords	Code Checking; Passenger Terminal; Building Information Modeling; Rule checking
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

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