Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	acadia19_458
id	acadia19_458
authors	Bartosh, Amber; Anzalone, Phillip
year	2019
title	Experimental Applications of Virtual Reality in Design Education
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.458
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 458-467
summary	By introducing rapid reproduction, algorithms, and complex formal configurations, the digital era of architecture began a revolution. Architects incorporated the computational capacity of the computer into the design process both as a tool and as a critical component of the theories and practice of architecture as a whole. As we move into what has been coined “the second digital turn,” a period in which digital integration is considered ubiquitous, how can we consider, prepare, and propel towards the next technological innovation to significantly inform design thinking, representation, and manifestation? What tools are available to investigate this speculative design future and how can they be implemented? If the integration of technology in architecture is now a given, perhaps the next digital design era is not just digital but virtual. As new technologies emerge the potential for integrating the virtual design world with our physical senses affords novel possibilities for interactive design, simulation, analysis and construction. Hybrid reality technologies including virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), embody the potential to supersede conventional representation methodologies such as drawing, rendering, physical modeling, and animation. As they become increasingly pervasive, they will transform how we communicate ideas and data as spatial concepts. Further, they will reform the construct of the built environment when applied to both materiality and fabrication. This paper will describe the incorporation of VR as a tool in various classroom and laboratory settings, recognize the educational outcomes of this incorporation, and identify the potential relationship of these technologies to future academic exploration and application to practice.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaade2023_138
id	ecaade2023_138
authors	Crolla, Kristof and Wong, Nichol
year	2023
title	Catenary Wooden Roof Structures: Precedent knowledge for future algorithmic design and construction optimisation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.1.611
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 1, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 611–620
summary	The timber industry is expanding, including construction wood product applications such as glue-laminated wood products (R. Sikkema et al., 2023). To boost further utilisation of engineered wood products in architecture, further development and optimisation of related tectonic systems is required. Integration of digital design technologies in this endeavour presents opportunities for a more performative and spatially diverse architecture production, even in construction contexts typified by limited means and/or resources. This paper reports on historic precedent case study research that informs an ongoing larger study focussing on novel algorithmic methods for the design and production of lightweight, large-span, catenary glulam roof structures. Given their structural operation in full tension, catenary-based roof structures substantially reduce material needs when compared with those relying on straight beams (Wong and Crolla, 2019). Yet, the manufacture of their non-standard geometries typically requires costly bespoke hardware setups, having resulted in recent projects trending away from the more spatially engaging geometric experiments of the second half of the 20th century. The study hypothesis that the evolutionary design optimisation of this tectonic system has the potential to re-open and expand its practically available design solution space. This paper covers the review of a range of built projects employing catenary glulam roof system, starting from seminal historic precedents like the Festival Hall for the Swiss National Exhibition EXPO 1964 (A. Lozeron, Swiss, 1964) and the Wilkhahn Pavilions (Frei Otto, Germany, 1987), to contemporary examples, including the Grandview Heights Aquatic Centre (HCMA Architecture + Design, Canada, 2016). It analysis their structural concept, geometric and spatial complexity, fabrication and assembly protocols, applied construction detailing solutions, and more, with as aim to identify methods, tools, techniques, and construction details that can be taken forward in future research aimed at minimising construction complexity. Findings from this precedent study form the basis for the evolutionary-algorithmic design and construction method development that is part of the larger study. By expanding the tectonic system’s practically applicable architecture design solution space and facilitating architects’ access to a low-tech producible, spatially versatile, lightweight, eco-friendly, wooden roof structure typology, this study contributes to environmentally sustainable building.
keywords	Precedent Studies, Light-weight architecture, Timber shell, Catenary, Algorithmic Optimisation, Glue-laminated timber
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	acadia19_630
id	acadia19_630
authors	Ahlquist, Sean
year	2019
title	Expanding the Systematic Agencyof a Material System
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.630
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 630-641
summary	Computational design and fabrication have reached an accomplished level of ubiquity and proficiency in the field of architecture, in both academia and practice. Materiality driving structure, responsiveness, and spatial organization can be seen to evolve, in kind, with the capabilities to fabricate deeper material hierarchies. Such maturity of a procedural material-driven approach spurs a need to shift from the dictations of how to explorations of why material efficiencies, bespoke aesthetics, and performativity are critical to a particular architecture, requiring an examination of linkages between approach, techniques, and process. The material system defines a branch of architectural research utilizing bespoke computational techniques to generate performative material capacities that are inextricably linked to both internal and external forces and energies. This paper examines such a self-referential view to define an expanded ecological approach that integrates new modes of design agency and shift the material system from closed-loop relationship with site to open-ended reciprocation with human behavior. The critical need for this capacity is shown in applications of novel textile hybrid material systems—as sensorially-responsive environments for children with the neurological autism spectrum disorder—in ongoing research titled Social Sensory Architectures. Through engaging fabrication across all material scales, manners of elastic responsivity are shown, through a series of feasibility studies, to exhibit a capacity for children to become design agents in exploring the beneficial interrelationship of sensorimotor agency and social behavior. The paper intends to contribute a theoretical approach by which novel structural capacities of a material system can support a larger ecology of social and behavioral agency.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia19_360
id	acadia19_360
authors	Dackiw, Jean-Nicolas Alois; Foltman, Andrzej; Garivani, Soroush; Kaseman, Keith; Sollazzo, Aldo
year	2019
title	Cyber-physical UAV Navigation and Operation
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.360
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 360-367
summary	The purpose of this paper is to present a work in progress pertaining to drone pose estimation and flight calibration. This paper intends to underline the increasing importance of determining alternative path planning instruments through accurate localization for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with the purpose of achieving complex flight operations for the emerging applications of autonomous robotics in surveying, design, fabrication, and on-site operations. This research is based on the implementation of novel technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR), Robot Operating System (ROS), and computational approaches to define a drone calibration methodology, leveraging existing methods for drone path planning. Drones are equipped with measurement systems to provide geo-location and time information such as onboard Global Positioning System (GPS) sensors, and Inertial Measurement Units (IMU). As stated in previous research, to increase navigation capabilities, measurements and data processing algorithms have a critical role (Daponte et al. 2015). The outcome of this work in progress showcases valuable results in calculating and assessing accurate positioning for UAVs, and developing data exchanges in transmission, reception, and tracking.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	cdrf2023_526
id	cdrf2023_526
authors	Eric Peterson, Bhavleen Kaur
year	2023
title	Printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic Multi-Bias Additive Manufacturing
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_44
source	Proceedings of the 2023 DigitalFUTURES The 5st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2023)
summary	A research team at Florida International University Robotics and Digital Fabrication Lab has developed a novel method for 3d-printing curved open grid core sandwich structures using a thermoplastic extruder mounted on a robotic arm. This print-on-print additive manufacturing (AM) method relies on the 3d modeling software Rhinoceros and its parametric software plugin Grasshopper with Kuka-Parametric Robotic Control (Kuka-PRC) to convert NURBS surfaces into multi-bias additive manufacturing (MBAM) toolpaths. While several high-profile projects including the University of Stuttgart ICD/ITKE Research Pavilions 2014–15 and 2016–17, ETH-Digital Building Technologies project Levis Ergon Chair 2018, and 3D printed chair using Robotic Hybrid Manufacturing at Institute of Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) 2019, have previously demonstrated the feasibility of 3d printing with either MBAM or sandwich structures, this method for printing Compound-Curved Sandwich Structures with Robotic MBAM combines these methods offering the possibility to significantly reduce the weight of spanning or cantilevered surfaces by incorporating the structural logic of open grid-core sandwiches with MBAM toolpath printing. Often built with fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), sandwich structures are a common solution for thin wall construction of compound curved surfaces that require a high strength-to-weight ratio with applications including aerospace, wind energy, marine, automotive, transportation infrastructure, architecture, furniture, and sports equipment manufacturing. Typical practices for producing sandwich structures are labor intensive, involving a multi-stage process including (1) the design and fabrication of a mould, (2) the application of a surface substrate such as FRP, (3) the manual application of a light-weight grid-core material, and (4) application of a second surface substrate to complete the sandwich. There are several shortcomings to this moulded manufacturing method that affect both the formal outcome and the manufacturing process: moulds are often costly and labor intensive to build, formal geometric freedom is limited by the minimum draft angles required for successful removal from the mould, and customization and refinement of product lines can be limited by the need for moulds. While the most common material for this construction method is FRP, our proof-of-concept experiments relied on low-cost thermoplastic using a specially configured pellet extruder. While the method proved feasible for small representative examples there remain significant challenges to the successful deployment of this manufacturing method at larger scales that can only be addressed with additional research. The digital workflow includes the following steps: (1) Create a 3D digital model of the base surface in Rhino, (2) Generate toolpaths for laminar printing in Grasshopper by converting surfaces into lists of oriented points, (3) Generate the structural grid-core using the same process, (4) Orient the robot to align in the direction of the substructure geometric planes, (5) Print the grid core using MBAM toolpaths, (6) Repeat step 1 and 2 for printing the outer surface with appropriate adjustments to the extruder orientation. During the design and printing process, we encountered several challenges including selecting geometry suitable for testing, extruder orientation, calibration of the hot end and extrusion/movement speeds, and deviation between the computer model and the physical object on the build platen. Physical models varied from their digital counterparts by several millimeters due to material deformation in the extrusion and cooling process. Real-time deviation verification studies will likely improve the workflow in future studies.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:04

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_065
id	ecaadesigradi2019_065
authors	Fukuda, Tomohiro, Novak, Marcos and Fujii, Hiroyuki
year	2019
title	Development of Segmentation-Rendering on Virtual Reality for Training Deep-learning, Simulating Landscapes and Advanced User Experience
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.433
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 433-440
summary	Virtual reality (VR) has been suggested for various purposes in the field of architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC). This research explores new roles for VR toward the super-smart society in the near future. In particular, we propose to develop post-processing rendering, segmentation-rendering and shadow-casting rendering algorithms for novel VR expressions to enable more versatile approaches than the normal photorealistic red, green, and blue (RGB) expressions. We succeeded in applying a wide variety of VR renderings in urban-design projects after implementation. The developed system can create images in real time to train deep-learning algorithms, can also be applied to landscape analysis and contribute to advanced user experience.
keywords	Super-smart society; Virtual Reality; Segmentation; Deep-learning; Landscape simulation; Shader
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	acadia19_40
id	acadia19_40
authors	Garcia del Castillo y López, Jose Luis
year	2019
title	Robot Ex Machina
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.040
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 40-49
summary	Industrial robotic arms are increasingly present in digital fabrication workflows due to their robustness, degrees of freedom, and potentially large scale. However, the range of possibilities they provide is limited by their typical software control paradigms, specifically offline programming. This model requires all the robotic instructions to be pre-defined before execution, a possibility only affordable in highly predictable environments. But in the context of architecture, design and art, it can hardly accommodate more complex forms of control, such as responding to material feedback, adapting to changing conditions on a construction site, or on-the-fly decision-making. We present Robot Ex Machina, an open-source computational framework of software tools for real-time robot programming and control. The contribution of this framework is a paradigm shift in robot programming models, systematically providing a platform to enable real-time interaction and control of mechanical actuators. Furthermore, it fosters programming styles that are reactive to, rather than prescriptive about, the state of the robot. We argue that this model is, compared to traditional offline programming, beneficial for creative individuals, as its concurrent nature and immediate feedback provide a deeper and richer set of possibilities, facilitates experimentation, flow of thought, and creative inquiry. In this paper, we introduce the framework, and discuss the unifying model around which all its tools are designed. Three case studies are presented, showcasing how the framework provides richer interaction models and novel outcomes in digital making. We conclude by discussing current limitations of the model and future work.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	ecaade2024_92
id	ecaade2024_92
authors	Mayor Luque, Ricardo; Beguin, Nestor; Rizvi Riaz, Sheikh; Dias, Jessica; Pandey, Sneham
year	2024
title	Multi-material Gradient Additive Manufacturing: A data-driven performative design approach to multi-materiality through robotic fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.1.381
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 1, pp. 381–390
summary	Buildings are responsible for 39% of global energy-related carbon emissions, with operational activities contributing 28% and materials and construction accounting for 11%(World Green Building Council, 2019) It is therefore vital to reconsider our reliance on fossil fuels for building materials and to develop new advanced manufacturing techniques that enable an integrated approach to material-controlled conception and production. The emergence of Multi-material Additive Manufacturing (MM-AM) technology represents a paradigm shift in producing elements with hybrid properties derived from novel and optimized solutions. Through robotic fabrication, MM-AM offers streamlined operations, reduced material usage, and innovative fabrication methods. It encompasses a plethora of methods to address diverse construction needs and integrates material gradients through data-driven analyses, challenging traditional prefabrication practices and emphasizing the current growth of machine learning algorithms in design processes. The research outlined in this paper presents an innovative approach to MM-AM gradient 3D printing through robotic fabrication, employing data-driven performative analyses enabling control over print paths for sustainable applications in both the AM industry and our built environment. The article highlights several designed prototypes from two distinct phases, demonstrating the framework's viability, implications, and constraints: a workshop dedicated to data-driven analyses in facade systems for MM-AM 3D-printed brick components, and a 3D-printed brick facade system utilizing two renewable and bio-materials—Cork sourced from recycled stoppers and Charcoal, with the potential for carbon sequestration.
keywords	Data-driven Performative design, Multi-material 3d Printing, Material Research, Fabrication-informed Material Design, Robotic Fabrication
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	caadria2019_648
id	caadria2019_648
authors	Schumann, Kyle and Johns, Ryan Luke
year	2019
title	Airforming - Adaptive Robotic Molding of Freeform Surfaces through Incremental Heat and Variable Pressure
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.033
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 33-42
summary	Advances in computational modelling and digital fabrication have created both the need and ability for novel strategies of bringing digitally modeled doubly curved surfaces into reality. In this paper, we introduce airforming as a non-contact and formwork-free method for fabricating digitally designed surfaces through the iterative robotic application of heat and air pressure, coupled with sensory feedback. The process lies somewhere between incremental metal fabrication and traditional vacuum forming of plastics. Airforming does not add or subtract material or use any mold or formwork materials that would typically be discarded as waste. Instead, airforming shapes a plastic sheet through the controlled spatial application of heat and the control of pressure and vacuum within an airtight chamber beneath the material. Through our research, we develop and test a method for airforming through 3D scanning and point cloud analysis, evolutionary physics simulation solvers, and robotic-aided actuation and control of heating and pressure systems. Different variations and analysis and workflow methods are explored. We demonstrate and posit potential future applications for the airforming method.
keywords	Robotic Production; Digital Fabrication; Incremental Forming; Thermoforming; Freeform Surface
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_239
id	ecaadesigradi2019_239
authors	Garrido, Federico and Meyer, Joost
year	2019
title	Dexterity-controlled Design Procedures
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.659
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 659-668
summary	This paper explores the development of design procedures in relationship to their digital proceedings, in order to interface human movement and parametric design procedures. The research studied the use of Leap Motion controller, a gesture recognition device using infrared sensors combined with time-based generative tools in Rhinoceros Grasshopper. A physical, artistic procedure was used as a reference to model a digital design procedure, including a series of parametric definitions combined with them in an attempt to produce complex three-dimensional designs in real time. In a later stage of this research, a modular, open source, digitizing arm was developed to capture hand movement and interact with an autonomous parametric definition, augmenting even more the range of applications of dexterity-based digital design. The challenge of this experimental investigation lies in the negotiation of the designer's needs for a complex yet open design process and the possibilities of defined soft- and hardware solutions.
keywords	digital design; dexterity; parametric design; motion detection
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2019_637
id	caadria2019_637
authors	Han, Dongchen, Zhang, Hong, Cui, Weiwen and Huang, Jie
year	2019
title	Towards to a Hybrid Model-Making Method based on Translations between Physical and Digital Models - A case study of the freeform architectural design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.561
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 561-570
summary	The extensive applications of digital models might decrease the capacity of physical model-making for perceptual thinking and enlarge the gap between architects and physical space with limited visual experience. This study aims to propose a reverse process for realizing translations between physical and digital model-making methods from which architects could maximize their initial ideas in conceptual design while allowing for rational digitalization in the detailed design. A review of Reverse Engineering architectural applications is presented and the hybrid method is proposed and examined in a freeform design case. The research shows that in the first translation phase, from handmade physical models to parametric digital models, freeform geometry could be better parameterized in a low degree of deformation based on photogrammetry. Meanwhile, in the second translation phase, from detailed digital models to large-scale physical models, the digitally-driven fabrication could be applied more precisely and automatically based on error handling by 3D laser scanning. Moreover, the process and algorithms developed for the hybrid model-making method indicate the possibility of being applied to further freeform architectural design cases.
keywords	Physical models; Digital models; RE technologies; Freeform design; Accuracy
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_318
id	ecaadesigradi2019_318
authors	Al Bondakji, Louna, Lammich, Anne-Liese and Werner, Liss C.
year	2019
title	ViBe (Virtual Berlin) - Immersive Interactive 3D Urban Data Visualization - Immersive interactive 3D urban data visualization
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.3.083
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 3, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 83-90
summary	The project investigates the possibility of visualizing open source data in a 3D interactive virtual environment. We propose a new tool, 'ViBe'. We programmed 'ViBe' using Unity for its compatibility with HTC VIVE glasses for virtual reality (VR). ViBe offers an abstract visualization of open source data in a 3D interactive environment. The ViBe environment entails three main topics a) inhabitants, b) environmental factors, and c) land-use; acting as representatives of parameters for cities and urban design. Berlin serves as a case study. The data sets used are divided according to Berlin's twelve administrative districts. The user immerses into the virtual environment where they can choose, using the HTC Vive controllers, which district (or Berlin as a whole) they want information for and which topics they want to be visualized, and they can also teleport back and forth between the different districts. The goal of this project is to represent different urban parameters an abstract simulation where we correlate the corresponding data sets. By experiencing the city through visualized data, ViBe aims to provide the user with a clearer perspective onto the city and the relationship between its urban parameters. ViBe is designed for adults and kids, urban planners, politicians and real estate developers alike.
keywords	3D-Visualization; open source data; immersive virtual reality; interactive ; Unity
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2020_093
id	caadria2020_093
authors	Cerovsek, Tomo and Martens, Bob
year	2020
title	The Evolution of CAADRIA Conferences - A Bibliometric Approach
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2020.1.325
source	D. Holzer, W. Nakapan, A. Globa, I. Koh (eds.), RE: Anthropocene, Design in the Age of Humans - Proceedings of the 25th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-6 August 2020, pp. 325-334
summary	This paper presents an analysis of the output, impact, use and content of 1,860 papers that were published in the CAADRIA conference proceedings over the last 20+ years (from 1996 to 2019). The applied methodology is a blend of bibliometrics, webometrics and clustering with text mining. The bibliometric analysis leads to quantitative and qualitative results on three levels: (1) author, (2) article and (3) association. The most productive authors authored over 50 papers, and the top 20% authors have over 80 % of all citations generated by CAADRIA proceedings. The overall impact of CAADRIA may be characterised by nearly 2,000 known citations and by the h-index that is 17. The webometrics based on CumInCAD.org reveals that the CAADRIA papers served over 200 k users, which is a considerable visibility for scientific CAAD output. The keywords most frequently used by authors were digital fabrication, BIM and parametric, generative, computational design. Notably, 90% of the papers' descriptors are 2-grams. This study may be useful to researchers, educators and publishers interested in CAAD.
keywords	bibliometrics; open source; text clustering; n-gram
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	cf2019_036
id	cf2019_036
authors	Schwartz, Mathew
year	2019
title	Visualization of Occupant Behavior in an Open Academic Space through Image Analysis
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 272
summary	Between agent simulation and circulation diagrams within design pedagogy, the prediction of occupant movement in space is integral to the informed design process. At the same time, trends in higher education have led to more open-ended spaces that are then studied for the unexpected ways in which students collaborate. These studies, by the unpredictable nature, must be done post-occupancy. In this paper, occupant behavior is visualized from an image dataset over a 9 day period in an open student environment. The methods for extracting behavior through this large dataset are presented. The results are then re?ected on in regard to the role of circulation diagrams for interior design and spatial planning.
keywords	occupant behavior, circulation, computation, post-occupancy evaluation, interior design
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:15

_id	cf2019_048
id	cf2019_048
authors	Argota Sanchez-Vaquerizo, Javier and Daniel Cardoso Llach
year	2019
title	The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces 2.0 Three Experiments in Computational Urban Studies
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 430
summary	This paper introduces a novel framework for urban analysis that leverages computational techniques, along with established urban research methods, to study how people use urban public space. Through three case studies in different urban locations in Europe and the US, it demonstrates how recent machine learning and computer vision techniques may assist us in producing unprecedently detailed portraits of the relative influence of urban and environmental variables on people’s use of public space. The paper further discusses the potential of this framework to enable empirically-enriched forms of urban and social analysis with applications in urban planning, design, research, and policy.
keywords	Data Analytics, Urban Design, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Space Syntax
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:18

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_288
id	ecaadesigradi2019_288
authors	da Silva Lopes Vieira, Thomaz and Schulz, Jens-Uwe
year	2019
title	Design Method Aided by MABS and Cloud Computing - Framework integrating: construction techniques, materials, and fabrication
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.195
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 195-205
summary	This paper presents a novel method based in Multi-Agent Based Simulation (MABS), Cloud Computing, and the combination of big data analytics and IoT. The method performs in two layers: it assists designers with information coming from previews of projects and surroundings, and, it automates some procedures according to parameters and interactions between agents. The first part of this paper briefly describes the state of the art and challenges of the real estate market. The second chapter highlight gaps and future challenges in design practice, and in the third chapter, it introduces the method. To conclude, in the last part, this concept is analyzed through a pilot project under development in our institution.
keywords	Computational design; Multi-Agent-Based system; Robotic fabrication; Cyber-Physical Systems; Big Data; Internet of Things
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	acadia19_140
id	acadia19_140
authors	Dambrosio, Niccol?; Zechmeister, Christoph; Bodea, Serban; Koslowski, Valentin; Gil-Pérez, Marta; Rongen, Bas
year	2019
title	Buga Fibre Pavilion
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.140
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 140-149
summary	This research showcases the integrated design process and development of an ultra-light-weight, composite dome structure as a case study for the investigation of high-performance, long-span, fibre-reinforced-polymer (FRP) based building systems. Particular emphasis is given to the exploration of design strategies and the exposure of multidirectional flows of information across different fields under the premise of going beyond preliminary investigations on a demonstrator level, towards full scale architectural applications. Building upon previous research in the realm of lightweight fiber composites conducted at the University of Stuttgart, novel design strategies and fabrication methods are discussed. Based on the design and development of the Buga Fibre Pavilion for the Heilbronn Bundesgartenschau 2019, previously prototypically tested processes are further developed and implemented at a larger scale which attempt to reduce the necessary formwork to a minimum while achieving a flexible and scalable building system.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_665
id	ecaadesigradi2019_665
authors	Duque Estrada, Rebeca, Wyller, Maria and Dahy, Hanaa
year	2019
title	Aerochair - Integrative design methodologies for lightweight carbon fiber furniture design
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.691
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 691-700
summary	Carbon fiber composites embody lightweight and strength and is a well-integrated material in various fields of engineering. In spite of its excellent material properties, it is not frequently found in architecture and design applications. In this project, the intention is to research how the material's most prominent qualities can be applied to create a lightweight furniture design. The furniture object was chosen as an example of a small architectural component with a structural capacity of holding a human body weight between 60-90 Kg. In particular, carbon fiber composites display an impressive tensile strength, and with the aim of exploring this feature, a case-study of a full-scale, hanging carbon chair was conducted. To develop a design, optimize it and realize it, an integrated design and fabrication process was developed. It combined material research, computational design, and a novel fabrication method for filament materials.
keywords	carbon fiber composites; computational design; lightweight furniture; chair design; fiber winding
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia19_16
id	acadia19_16
authors	Hosmer, Tyson; Tigas, Panagiotis
year	2019
title	Deep Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Robotic Tensegrity (ART)
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.016
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 16-29
summary	The research presented in this paper is part of a larger body of emerging research into embedding autonomy in the built environment. We develop a framework for designing and implementing effective autonomous architecture defined by three key properties: situated and embodied agency, facilitated variation, and intelligence.We present a novel application of Deep Reinforcement Learning to learn adaptable behaviours related to autonomous mobility, self-structuring, self-balancing, and spatial reconfiguration. Architectural robotic prototypes are physically developed with principles of embodied agency and facilitated variation. Physical properties and degrees of freedom are applied as constraints in a simulated physics-based environment where our simulation models are trained to achieve multiple objectives in changing environments. This holistic and generalizable approach to aligning deep reinforcement learning with physically reconfigurable robotic assembly systems takes into account both computational design and physical fabrication. Autonomous Robotic Tensegrity (ART) is presented as an extended case study project for developing our methodology. Our computational design system is developed in Unity3D with simulated multi-physics and deep reinforcement learning using Unity’s ML-agents framework. Topological rules of tensegrity are applied to develop assemblies with actuated tensile members. Single units and assemblies are trained for a series of policies using reinforcement learning in single-agent and multi-agent setups. Physical robotic prototypes are built and actuated to test simulated results.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	caadria2019_399
id	caadria2019_399
authors	Houda, Maryam and Dias-da-Costa, Daniel
year	2019
title	Data Informed Branch Typologies for Structurally Optimised Curvilinear Surfaces - 3D Printed Mesh Density System (MDS) as Formwork for Concrete Shell Structures.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.401
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 401-410
summary	This research sheds light on the advancement of additive fabrication and its relevance to the construction of curvilinear surfaces. The Mesh Density System (MDS) explored in this paper, is a novel 3D printed dual formwork and reinforcement system for free-form complex concrete geometries. It offers an alternate method to current formwork systems, essentially for thin shell structures. By using multi-cellular distribution and optimised branch structural arrangements, the system optimises form and concrete flow.
keywords	Additive Fabrication; Concrete Shells; Evolutionary Algorithms; Permanent Formwork; Structural Optimisation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

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