Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	cf2019_062
id	cf2019_062
authors	Yousif, Shermeen ;and Wei Yan
year	2019
title	Shape Clustering Using K-Medoids in Architectural Form Finding
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 503
summary	As the number of design candidates in generative systems is often high, there is a need for an articulation mechanism that assists designers in exploring the generated design set. This research aims to condense the solution set yet enhance heterogeneity in generative design systems. Specifically, this work accomplishes the following: (1) introduces a new design articulation approach, a KMedoids Shape Clustering (KM-SC) method that is capable of grouping a dataset of shapes with similitude in one cluster and retrieving a representative for each cluster, and (2) incorporate the developed clustering method in architectural form finding. The articulated (condensed) set of shapes can be presented to designers to assist in their decision making. The research methods include formulating an algorithmic set with the implementation of K-Medoids and other algorithms. The results, visualized and discussed in the paper, show accurate clustering in comparison with the expected reference clustering sets.
keywords	Generative design systems, clustering, form finding, K-Medoids
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:18

_id	acadia19_60
id	acadia19_60
authors	Yousif, Shermeen; Yan, Wei
year	2019
title	Application of an Automatic Shape Clustering Method
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 60-69
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.060
summary	Despite their prevalence and extensive applications, generative and design optimization systems lack effective organizational methods of the excessive number of design options they produce, which is problematic for designers’ interaction. Ideally, a diverse and organized set of designs can mediate successful designers’ evaluation and exploration of the design space. Cluster analysis, a big-data management strategy, offers a solution. Yet, there is a need for investigating appropriate methods for applying cluster-analysis to a dataset of geometric shapes. Therefore, we have recently developed and published a new approach, the Shape Clustering using K-Medoids (SC-KM) method as an articulation mechanism in generative systems. The method involves shape description, shape difference measure calculation, and implementation of the K-Medoids clustering algorithm. The focus of this work is on incorporating the method into a generative system with parametric building shape generation and design optimization. The method organizes a dataset of shapes into clusters where shapes within the cluster share similarities yet differ from other clusters, and each cluster is signified by one representative shape. The SC-KM method contributes to an organized design presentation and facilitates designers’ examination of their designs’ geometric qualities.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ijac201917204
id	ijac201917204
authors	Karaoglan Füsun Cemre and Sema Alaçam
year	2019
title	Design of a post-disaster shelter through soft computing
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 17 - no. 2, 185-205
summary	Temporary shelters become a more critical subject of architectural design as the increasing number of natural disasters taking place each year result in a larger number of people in need of urgent sheltering. Therefore, this project focuses on designing a temporary living space that can respond to the needs of different post-disaster scenarios and form a modular system through differentiation of units. When designing temporary shelters, it is a necessity to deal with the provision of materials, low-cost production and the time limit in the emergency as well as the needs of the users and the experiential quality of the space. Although computational approaches might lead to much more efficient and resilient design solutions, they have been utilized in very few examples. For that reason and due to their suitability to work with architectural design problems, soft computing methods shape the core of the methodology of the study. Initially, a digital model is generated through a set of rules that define a growth algorithm. Then, Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms alter this growth algorithm while evaluating different configurations through the objective functions constructed within a Fuzzy Neural Tree. The struggle to represent design goals in the form of Fuzzy Neural Tree holds potential for the further use of it for architectural design problems centred on resilience. Resilience in this context is defined as a measure of how agile a design is when dealing with a major sheltering need in a post-disaster environment. Different from the previous studies, this article aims to focus on the design of a temporary shelter that can respond to different user types and disaster scenarios through mass customization, using Fuzzy Neural Tree as a novel approach. While serving as a temporary space, the design outcomes are expected to create a more neighbourhood-like pattern with a stronger sense of community for the users compared to the previous examples.
keywords	Humanitarian design, emergency architecture, computational design, Fuzzy Neural Tree, Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms
series	journal
email
last changed	2019/08/07 14:04

_id	acadia21_70
id	acadia21_70
authors	McAndrew, Claire; Jaschke, Clara; Retsin, Gilles; Saey, Kevin; Claypool, Mollie; Parissi, Danaë
year	2021
title	House Block
source	ACADIA 2021: Realignments: Toward Critical Computation [Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-986-08056-7]. Online and Global. 3-6 November 2021. edited by B. Bogosian, K. Dörfler, B. Farahi, J. Garcia del Castillo y López, J. Grant, V. Noel, S. Parascho, and J. Scott. 70-75.
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2021.070
summary	House Block was a temporary housing prototype in East London, UK from April to May 2021. The project constituted the most recent in a series of experiments developing Automated Architecture (AUAR) Labs’ discrete framework for housing production, one which repositions the architect as curator of a system and enables participants to engage with active agency. Recognizing that there is a knowledge gap to be addressed for this reconfiguration of practices to take form, this project centred on making automation and its potential for local communities tangible. This sits within broader calls advocating for a more material alignment of inclusive design with makers and 21st Century making in practice (see, for example, Luck 2018). House Block was designed and built using AUAR’s discrete housing system consisting of a kit of parts, known as Block Type A. Each block was CNC milled from a single sheet of plywood, assembled by hand, and then post-tensioned on site. Constructed from 270 identical blocks, there are no predefined geometric types or hierarchy between parts. The discrete enables an open-ended, adaptive system where each block can be used as a column, floor slab, wall, or stair—allowing for disconnection, reconfiguration, and reassembly (Retsin 2019). The democratisation of design and production that defines the discrete creates points for alternative value systems to enter, for critical realignments in architectural production.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2023/10/22 12:06

_id	acadia20_148p
id	acadia20_148p
authors	Vansice, Kyle; Attraya, Rahul; Culligan, Ryan; Johnson, Benton; Sondergaard, Asbjorn; Peters, Nate
year	2020
title	Stereoform Slab
source	ACADIA 2020: Distributed Proximities / Volume II: Projects [Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-95253-6]. Online and Global. 24-30 October 2020. edited by M. Yablonina, A. Marcus, S. Doyle, M. del Campo, V. Ago, B. Slocum. 148-153
summary	Stereoform Slab is both a pavilion and a prototype - an exhibition for the 2019 Chicago Architectural Biennial. It is an experiment in how digital form-finding and robotics can be leveraged to rethink the future of concrete construction. Stereoform Slab examines the role of one of the most ubiquitous horizontal elements in the city - the concrete slab, also the most common element in contemporary construction. Using smarter forming systems - in this case, a ruled-surface-derived, robotic hotwire process - the Stereoform Slab prototype proved that the amount of material used and waste generated could be minimized without increasing construction complexity, by about 20% over a conventional system. Stereoform also extends the conventional concrete span (column spacing), specifically in Chicago, from 30’ to 45’. In developing a concrete forming system that affords added flexibility without increasing construction costs, it is possible to reduce embodied carbon significantly. The method allows reducing carbon in buildings that aren’t typically the subject of advanced architectural design or rigorous optimization – conventional buildings that compose a majority of our built environment, and its respective contributions to global carbon emissions. Stereoform is the result of a multi-objective design optimization process. Optimal materialization, according to the compressive/tensile physics present in beam design, was balanced against the fabrication constraints of a singularly ruled-surface, which enables fast form-making using robotic hotwire cutting. SOM and Autodesk collaborated to mirror the approach developed to optimize Stereoform slab as a pavilion, to the building scale, using the multi-objective optimization platform Refinery. Project Refinery allowed the team to create a hyper-responsive system design that could adapt to any number of varying programmatic conditions and loading patterns. The development of this approach is a crucial step in making optimization techniques flexible enough to balance the number of competing parameters in the design process available and accessible to a broader design audience within architecture and engineering.
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2021/10/26 08:03

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_555
id	ecaadesigradi2019_555
authors	Bomfim, Kyane and Tavares, Felipe
year	2019
title	Building facade optimization for maximizing the incident solar radiation
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 171-180
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.171
summary	The technological breakthrough on photovoltaic facades and the high potential for installing photovoltaic (PV) systems in the city of Salvador are the motivation for this article. This case study explores the feasibility of implementing solar energy technology on a building facade, proposing a design method for optimizing insolation performance by the form-finding process in a parameterized shape. The goal was to generate a parametric design workflow, in which it could be found some facade shapes, generating triangle and quadrilateral supporting grids, leading to better results in the total amount of radiation in comparison to the basic flat facade. In these supporting grids were evaluated also the fitting in the distribution of quadrilateral commercial PV cells, measuring its geometric compatibility. By the results, it could be verified the gains and losses in PV potential in several instances obtained by the form-finding process, as the potentials to consider this in the design of every building.
keywords	Radiation skydome; Shape parameterization; Form-finding; Genetic Algorithm; PV facade
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	caadria2019_491
id	caadria2019_491
authors	Cai, Chenyi, Tang, Peng and Li, Biao
year	2019
title	Intelligent Generation of Architectural layout inheriting spatial features of Chinese Garden Based on Prototype and Multi-agent System - A Case Study on Lotus Teahouse in Yixing
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 291-300
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.291
summary	This study presents an approach for the intelligent generation of architectural layout, in which partial space inherits Chinese garden spatial features. The approach combines spatial prototype analysis and evolutionary optimization process. On one hand, from the perspective of shape grammar, this paper both analyzes and abstracts the spatial prototype that describes the spatial characteristics of Chinese gardens, including the organization system of architecture and landscape, with the spatial sequences along the tourism orientation. On the other hand, taking the design task of Lotus teahouse as an example, a typical spatial prototype is selected to develop the generative intelligent experiment to achieve the architectural layout, in which the spatial prototype is inherited. Through rule-making and parameter adjustment, the spatial prototype will eventually be transformed into a computational model based on the multi-agent system. Hence, the experiment of intelligent generation of architectural layout is carried out under the influence of the function, form and environmental factors; and a three-dimensional conceptual model that inherits the Chinese garden spatial prototype is obtained ultimately.
keywords	Chinese garden; Architectural layout; Spatial prototype; Multi-agent system; Intelligent generation
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ijac201917102
id	ijac201917102
authors	Cutellic, Pierre
year	2019
title	Towards encoding shape features with visual event-related potential based brain–computer interface for generative design
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 17 - no. 1, 88-102
summary	This article will focus on abstracting and generalising a well-studied paradigm in visual, event-related potential based brain–computer interfaces, for the spelling of characters forming words, into the visually encoded discrimination of shape features forming design aggregates. After identifying typical technologies in neuroscience and neuropsychology of high interest for integrating fast cognitive responses into generative design and proposing the machine learning model of an ensemble of linear classifiers in order to tackle the challenging features that electroencephalography data carry, it will present experiments in encoding shape features for generative models by a mechanism of visual context updating and the computational implementation of vision as inverse graphics, to suggest that discriminative neural phenomena of event-related potentials such as P300 may be used in a visual articulation strategy for modelling in generative design.
keywords	Generative design, machine learning, brain–computer interface, design computing and cognition, integrated cognition, neurodesign, shape, form and geometry, design concepts and strategies
series	journal
email
last changed	2019/08/07 14:04

_id	cf2019_060
id	cf2019_060
authors	Duarte, Jose and Mahyar Hadighi
year	2019
title	Bauhaus Internationalism to College Town Modernism: Exploring Bauhaus Culture in Hajjar’s Hybrid Architecture
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 501
summary	The purpose of this study is to analyze William Hajjar’s singlefamily houses in State College, PA, and compare them with the European modernist work of Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer in the United States. This analysis is performed using shape grammars as a computational design methodology. Hajjar was a member of the architecture faculty at the Pennsylvania State University, a practitioner in State College, and an influential figure in the history of architecture in the area. Shape grammars are used specifically to verify and describe the influences of Bauhaus/European modernism on Hajjar’s domestic architecture. The focus is on establishing Hajjar’s single-family architectural language and comparing it to the architectural language of Gropius (Gropius-Breuer partnership) as the founder of the Bauhaus architecture and a prominent practitioner in introducing European modernism to American architecture students in the mid-twentieth century like Hajjar.
keywords	Shape grammar, Modern architecture, Bauhaus modernism, William Hajjar, Walter Gropius
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:18

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_273
id	ecaadesigradi2019_273
authors	Hadighi, Mahyar and Duarte, Jose
year	2019
title	Using Grammars to Trace Architectural Hybridity in American Modernism - The case of William Hajjar single-family house
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 529-540
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.529
summary	In this paper, mid-century modern single-family houses designed by William Hajjar are analyzed through a shape grammar methodology within the context of the traditional architecture of an American college town. A member of the architecture faculty at the Pennsylvania State University, Hajjar was a practitioner in State College, PA, where the University Park campus is located, and an influential figure in the history of architecture in the area. The residential architecture he designed for and built in the area incorporates many of the formal and functional features typical of both modern European architecture and traditional American architecture. Based on a computational methodology, this study offers an investigation into this hybridity phenomenon by exploring Hajjar's architecture in relation to the traditional American architecture prevalent in the college town of State College.
keywords	shape grammar; American architecture; William Hajjar; hybridity; college town
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:49

_id	caadria2019_270
id	caadria2019_270
authors	Liu, Quan, Li, Xintian, Mao, Ming, Gu, Mengjie and Ye, Qingfeng
year	2019
title	The Study on the Relationship between Storm Surface Runoff and the Form of Street-Block using the Cellular Automata Model
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 331-340
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.331
summary	This paper focuses on the reduction of storm surface runoff through optimizing the layout of permeable green area and other morphological elements of the urban street-block, and a distributed hydrological model based on cellular automata (CA) are used to accurately distinguish the impact of storm runoff reduction of various blocks, accordingly helping to find the morphological principle of surface runoff optimization. The model includes morphological setting and hydrological setting. The morphological setting includes the shape and size, land cover, and slope of street-block. The hydrological setting is based on Nanjing, China and include the process of rainfall, infiltration, surface flow, out flow. Comparing the results of runoff indicators, it can be found that the runoff can be greatly influenced by the layout of morphological elements of street-block. Therefore, it can be reduced by optimization the form of street-block in design process.
keywords	urban form; street-block; building fabric; storm surface runoff; cellular automata
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	cf2019_059
id	cf2019_059
authors	Ma, Lisha ; Xiaofang Yuan, Yu Wu and Wuzhen Zhu
year	2019
title	A National Pattern Generation Method Based on Cultural Design Genetic Derivation
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, p. 500
summary	It is a great challenge to digitally generate emotionally satisfying patterns with national style characteristics to meet diversified consumer demands for national patterns. As the core of national culture’s gestation, growth and development, cultural genes can realize cultural inheritance and maintain national identity . From the view of design, the basic feature elements of cultural genes are extracted by original national pattern deconstruction and semantically summarized to form specific cultural design genes suitable for the rapid design of national pattern. Further, the topology principle and ComputerAided design is introduced to simultaneously generate pattern shapes using Self-Crossing and Cross-Crossing transformation by shape grammar. Then, the pattern elements are arranged according to the initial ethnic pattern composition rules to generate new series of ethnic patterns. Finally, Chinese Tibetan pattern is patterned as an example to demonstrate that this research can creates patterns faster and in line with the user's intent.
keywords	National pattern, Cultural design gene, Pattern deconstruction, Shape grammar, Computer-Aided design
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:18

_id	caadria2019_252
id	caadria2019_252
authors	Tung, Hong-Cing and Hsu, Pei-Hsien
year	2019
title	An Algorithm of Rigid Foldable Tessellation Origami to Adapt to Free-Form Surfaces
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 311-320
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.311
summary	When creating new kinds of origami, people design origami creases pattern on 2D plane. Consequently, people unable to precisely envision the 3D folded shape. However, in architecture, civil engineering and industrial applications, an accurate layout is important. This research is to compile an algorithm for creating origami forms with developability and flat-foldability on the target surface, more specifically, by setting a target surface first, generating a Miura-ori tessellation from the geometric configuration of a target surface. We achieve creating origami forms on a target surface, so that we can generate architectural surfaces with folded structure and accurately layout for construction. Our approach facilitates designing a free-form origami structure upon parametric and 3D modelling software for artists, designers and architects.
keywords	origami tessellation; free-form; grasshopper3D; rigid foldability; flat-foldability
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	caadria2019_659
id	caadria2019_659
authors	Wang, Xiang, Guo, Zhe, Zhang, Xiao, Jin, Jinxi and Yuan, Philip F.
year	2019
title	Design, Analysis and Robotic Fabrication of a Bending-Active Shell Structure with Thin Sheets Based on Curved-Crease-Folding Technique
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 63-72
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.063
summary	This paper shows a design and building application of an innovative structure concept which is developed by the authors. The long-span shell structure (8m10m2.5m) built with 1.5mm thin aluminum sheets demonstrates the possibility to apply bending-active structures with flexible thin sheet material in shell structures to enhance the global and local stiffness. The structure is mainly originated from the curved-crease-folding technique which enhances the structural stiffness by introducing curvature to the surfaces. The Y-shape structural elements define the basic geometrical rules and find its global double-curved geometry via the folding of the three lateral ribs. The full-scale prototype and its design and fabrication techniques show a design framework of the structure from its form-finding, surface optimization, robotic simulated fabrication to the final full-scale assembly. As a pioneer pavilion in a research workshop, students' design with diverse forms also show the widely possible application of this structural concept.
keywords	shell structure; thin aluminum sheets; bending-active; robotic creased-folding
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:58

_id	caadria2019_100
id	caadria2019_100
authors	Xu, Jianan and Li, Biao
year	2019
title	Searching on Residential Architecture Design based on Integer Programming
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 263-270
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.263
summary	This paper describes an approach to using integer programming algorithms for computer-aided architecture design, taking residential buildings as an example. The research realized the dense arrangement of multiple shape templates in a certain domain of orthogonal grids. In addition, combined with the topological relationship of building functions, a single-story residential building layout is generated. The architectural design problems at different levels are solved by changing the objective function and restrictions in the integer programming algorithm. The algorithm can be expanded and employed to other fields of architecture, and may provide new architectural methodologies.
keywords	Generative Design; Architectural layout planning; Integer Programming; Topology
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	ecaade2024_222
id	ecaade2024_222
authors	Bindreiter, Stefan; Sisman, Yosun; Forster, Julia
year	2024
title	Visualise Energy Saving Potentials in Settlement Development: By linking transport and energy simulation models for municipal planning
source	Kontovourkis, O, Phocas, MC and Wurzer, G (eds.), Data-Driven Intelligence - Proceedings of the 42nd Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2024), Nicosia, 11-13 September 2024, Volume 2, pp. 79–88
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2024.2.079
summary	To achieve Sustainable Development Goals, in addition to the switch to sustainable energy sources and energy-efficient buildings, transport offers a major lever for reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gases. The increasing demand for emission-free mobility (e.g. through electromobility) but also heat pumps has a direct impact on the electricity consumption of buildings and settlements. It is still difficult to simulate the effects and interactions of different measures as sector coupling concepts require comprehensible tools for ex ante evaluation of planning measures at the community level and the linking of domain-specific models (energy, transport). Using the municipality of Bruck an der Leitha (Austria) as an example, a digital twin based on an open data model (Bednar et al., 2020) is created for the development of methods, which can be used to simulate measures to improve the settlement structure within the municipality. Forecast models for mobility (Schmaus, 2019; Ritz, 2019) and the building stock are developed or applied and linked via the open data model to be able to run through development scenarios and variants. The forecasting and visualisation options created in the project form the basis for the ex-ante evaluation of measures and policies on the way to a Positive-Energy-District. By identifying and collecting missing data, data gaps are filled for the simulation of precise models in the specific study area. A digital, interactive 3D model is created to examine the forecast results and the different scenarios.
keywords	visualisation, decision support, sector coupling, holistic spatial energy models for municipal planning, (energy) saving potentials in settlement development
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/11/17 22:05

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_592
id	ecaadesigradi2019_592
authors	Carvalho, Jo?o, Figueiredo, Bruno and Cruz, Paulo
year	2019
title	Free-form Ceramic Vault System - Taking ceramic additive manufacturing to real scale
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 485-492
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.485
summary	The use of Additive Manufacturing (AM) for the production of architectural components has more and more examples attesting the possibilities and the advantages of its application. At the same time we seen a fast grow of the usage of ceramic materials to produce fully customised architectural components using Layer Deposition Modelling (LDM) [1] techniques. However, the use of this material, as paste, leads to a series of constraints relative to its behaviour when in the viscous state, but also in the drying and firing stages. Thus, when ceramic dries, the retraction effects may be a barrier to the regular use of this material to build future architectural systems. In this sense, it is important to study the material behaviour and know how to control and use it as a primary construction material. To do that we present the challenges and outcomes of project Hexashade, a ceramic vault shading system prototype whose geometry and internal structure is defined according to the solar incidence. This paper explain how we expect to build a real scale self-supporting prototype.
keywords	Ceramic 3D printing; Additive Manufacturing; Vaulting Systems; Parametric Design; Performative Design
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_514
id	ecaadesigradi2019_514
authors	de Miguel, Jaime, Villafa?e, Maria Eugenia, Piškorec, Luka and Sancho-Caparrini, Fernando
year	2019
title	Deep Form Finding - Using Variational Autoencoders for deep form finding of structural typologies
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 71-80
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.071
summary	In this paper, we are aiming to present a methodology for generation, manipulation and form finding of structural typologies using variational autoencoders, a machine learning model based on neural networks. We are giving a detailed description of the neural network architecture used as well as the data representation based on the concept of a 3D-canvas with voxelized wireframes. In this 3D-canvas, the input geometry of the building typologies is represented through their connectivity map and subsequently augmented to increase the size of the training set. Our variational autoencoder model then learns a continuous latent distribution of the input data from which we can sample to generate new geometry instances, essentially hybrids of the initial input geometries. Finally, we present the results of these computational experiments and lay out the conclusions as well as outlook for future research in this field.
keywords	artificial intelligence; deep neural networks; variational autoencoders; generative design; form finding; structural design
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	acadia19_178
id	acadia19_178
authors	Doyle, Shelby Elizabeth; Hunt, Erin Linsey
year	2019
title	Dissolvable 3D Printed Formwork
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 178-187
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.178
summary	This research explores the potentials, limitations, and advantages of 3D printing watersoluble formwork for reinforced concrete applications. Using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) forms and Polylactic Acid (PLA) filament with ground steel tensile reinforcement, this project explores the constraints and opportunities for architects to design and construct reinforced concrete using water soluble 3D printed formwork with embedded reinforcement. Research began with testing small PVA prints for consistency, heat of water-temperature for dissolving, and wall thickness of the printed formwork. Then, dual-extrusion desktop additive manufacturing was used as a method for creating a larger form to test the viability of translating this research into architectural scale applications. This paper describes the background research, materials, methods, fabrication process, and conclusions of this work in progress.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_316
id	ecaadesigradi2019_316
authors	Erbil Altintas, Livanur, Kasali, Altug and Dogan, Fehmi
year	2019
title	Computational Design in Distributed Teamwork - Using digital and non-digital tools in architectural design competitions
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 333-340
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.333
summary	This paper reports a case involving computational practices in design process with an aim to understand the role of digital and non-digital tools in the design process. Following an ethnographic approach, we aimed at understanding the nature of the interactions among team participants which are human and non-human in a distributed system. We focused on computational practices in design process and we aimed to understand the role of digital and non-digital tools in the design process. Tools have remarkable role in a distributed system in the sense of propagation of knowledge. It was observed that form exploration by digital tools may not controlled as much as sketching.
keywords	Collaboration; Distributed Cognition; Computational Design; Visual Calculation
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

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